Steel rail wheel type probe resolution detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel rail wheel type probe resolution detection method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, constructing a steel rail wheel type probe resolution detection system; 2, detection preparation; 3, detecting by using a 0-degree probe; 4, calculating the resolution of a 0-degree probe in the steel rail detection wheel; 5, detecting by using a + 37-degree probe and a-37-degree probe; 6, detecting by using a + 70-degree probe and a-70-degree probe; 7, detecting by a right + 70-degree probe and a left-70-degree probe; 8, detecting by a left + 70-degree probe and a right-70-degree probe; and 9, calculating the resolving power of the 37-degree probe and the 70-degree probe in the steel rail detection wheel. According to the invention, the resolution of the 0-degree probe is detected at the positions of two right-angle step structures formed by the two rectangular notch grooves and the bottom surface of the block body by using the 0-degree probe; the two arc-shaped step structures formed by the first detection cylindrical hole, the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole which are communicated in sequence and of which the diameters are increased in sequence are used for detecting the resolution of 37-degree and 70-degree probes, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of probe resolution detection, and in particular relates to a rail wheel probe resolution detection method. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country adopts double-track ultrasonic detection equipment to detect the double tracks of railway at the same time. The double-track ultrasonic detection equipment is composed of an ultrasonic detector, a wheel probe, a cable, a rail car, a coupling agent box, an alignment system, an electromechanical system, system software and a device connected to the detector during detection. Among them, the wheel probes of the two wheels each contain 9 probes (5). The 9 probes (5) in the wheel probe are: a front 37° (or +37°) probe and a rear 37° (or -37°) probe, a front 70° probe (or +70° probe), a front left oblique 70° probe (or left +70° probe), a front right oblique 70° probe (or right +70°), a rear 70° probe (or -70° probe), a rear left oblique 70° probe (or left -70° probe), and a rear right oblique 70° probe (or right -70°). The inclination angle a of the oblique 70° probe is generally 20°. The 9 probes are arranged according to Figure 1 Arranged in a manner, mounted on a fixed curved surface in a flexible tire filled with coupling fluid, see Figure 2 At present, in rail wheel ultrasonic flaw detectors, the resolution of the probe wheel is a major parameter that directly determines the size (quantity) of the defects to be detected and the level of the defects. However, there is no detection method for the resolution of the probe wheel. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the resolution of a rail wheel probe in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The 0° probe is used to face the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove, the second rectangular groove and the bottom surface of the block, and the position of the 0° probe is fine-tuned to make the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove equal in height. The resolution of the 0° probe in the wheel probe is calculated, and the resolution of the 37° and 70° probes in the wheel probe is detected by using two arc-shaped step structures formed by the first detection cylindrical hole, the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole which are connected in sequence and have increasing diameters. The detection effect is good, the efficiency is high, and it is easy to promote and use.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for detecting the resolution of a rail wheel probe, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: construct a rail wheel probe resolution detection system: the rail wheel probe resolution detection system includes a test block, a flaw detector and a host for assisting in detecting the probe resolution of the rail wheel of a double-track flaw detection vehicle, wherein the signal output end of the probe is connected to the flaw detector;

[0006] The test block includes a block of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular groove group for 0° probe resolution detection is provided at the bottom of the block, the rectangular groove group includes a first rectangular groove and a second rectangular groove provided on the side of the center line of the first rectangular groove close to the vertical direction, a first detection transverse hole group and a second detection transverse hole group for 37° probe and 70° probe resolution detection are symmetrically provided at both sides of the block, the first detection transverse hole group includes a first detection hole and a third detection hole, the second detection transverse hole group includes a second detection hole and a fourth detection hole, the first detection hole, the second detection hole, the third detection hole and the fourth detection hole all include a first detection cylindrical hole, a second detection cylindrical hole and a third detection cylindrical hole that are connected in sequence, the central axis of the first detection hole and the center line of the width direction of the block top form a first plane, the central axis of the third detection hole and the center line of the width direction of the block top form a second plane, the angle between the first plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block is 70°, and the angle between the second plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block is 37°;

[0007] Step 2: Test preparation: Press the rail probe wheel onto the test block, add appropriate coupling agent in the middle to maintain stable acoustic coupling;

[0008] Step 3: Detection of 0° probe: Point the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel toward the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove, the second rectangular groove and the bottom surface of the block, and adjust the position of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove is recorded as h A 、The trough height is recorded as h B ;

[0009] Step 4: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R0 of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel;

[0010] Step 5. Detection of +37° probe and -37° probe: Point the +37° arc groove of the rail probe wheel toward the third detection hole, and adjust the position of the +37° probe in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the third detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the third detection hole is recorded as h a1 、The trough height is recorded as h b1 ;

[0011] The -37° arc groove in the rail probe wheel is pointed toward the fourth detection hole, and the -37° probe position in the rail probe wheel is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the fourth detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the fourth detection hole is recorded as h a2 、The trough height is recorded as h b2 ;

[0012] Step 6. Detection of +70° probe and -70° probe: Direct the +70° probe in the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the first detection hole, and adjust the position of the +70° probe in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole is recorded as h a3 、The trough height is recorded as h b3 ;

[0013] Point the -70° probe in the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the second detection hole, and adjust the position of the -70° probe in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole is recorded as h a4 、The trough height is recorded as h b4 ;

[0014] Step 7: Detection of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe: The inclination angle of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel is a, and the rail detection wheel is rotated left by an angle a;

[0015] Point the right +70° probe of the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the first detection hole, and adjust the right +70° probe position of the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole is recorded as h a5 、The trough height is recorded as h b5 ;

[0016] Point the left -70° probe in the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the second detection hole, and adjust the left -70° probe position in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole is recorded as h a6 、The trough height is recorded as h b6 ;

[0017] Step 8: Detection of left +70° probe and right -70° probe: Rotate the rail probe wheel 2a to the right;

[0018] Point the left +70° probe of the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the first detection hole, and adjust the left +70° probe position of the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the first detection hole is recorded as h a7 、The trough height is recorded as h b7 ;

[0019] Point the right -70° probe in the rail probe wheel toward the arc groove of the second detection hole, and adjust the right -70° probe position in the rail probe wheel so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole in the second detection hole is recorded as h a8 、The trough height is recorded as h b8 ;

[0020] Step 9: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R of the i-th probe in the 37° probe and 70° probe in the rail probe wheel i , where i=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.

[0021] The above-mentioned method for detecting the resolution of a rail wheel probe is characterized in that: the depth of the second rectangular groove is greater than the depth of the first rectangular groove, the length of the second rectangular groove is less than the length of the first rectangular groove, and the length of the second rectangular groove is 2 mm; the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole is smaller than the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole, the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole is smaller than the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole, the lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole are both greater than the length of the second detection cylindrical hole, and the length of the second detection cylindrical hole is 2 mm.

[0022] The above-mentioned method for detecting the resolution of a rail wheel probe is characterized in that the width of the block is greater than the width of the rail probe wheel.

[0023] The above-mentioned rail wheel probe resolution detection method is characterized in that the length, width and height of the block are 235 mm, 82 mm and 100 mm respectively.

[0024] The above-mentioned rail wheel probe resolution detection method is characterized in that the length and depth of the first rectangular groove are 30 mm and 9 mm respectively, and the depth of the second rectangular groove is 15 mm.

[0025] The above-mentioned rail wheel probe resolution detection method is characterized in that the center line of the block in the vertical direction intersects with the first rectangular groove, and the spacing between the center line of the block in the vertical direction and the second rectangular groove is 2 mm.

[0026] The above-mentioned rail wheel probe resolution detection method is characterized in that the lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole are both 40 mm, the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole is 40 mm, the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole is 44 mm, and the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole is 50 mm.

[0027] The above-mentioned rail wheel probe resolution detection method is characterized in that the block is a special test block of No. 20 low-carbon steel, and the grain size of the block is level 7 to 8.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by using the 0° probe to face the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove, the second rectangular groove and the bottom surface of the block, the 0° probe position is finely adjusted to make the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove equal in height; the resolution of the 0° probe in the wheel probe is calculated according to the peak height and the trough height of the reflected wave; the resolution of the 37° and 70° probes in the wheel probe is detected by using two arc-shaped step structures formed by the first detection cylindrical hole, the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole which are connected in sequence and have increasing diameters; the detection of the +37° probe and the -37° probe as well as the detection of the +70° probe and the -70° probe can make the wheel body positively pressurize the test block; by rotating the wheel body twice, the states of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe, as well as the left +70° probe and the right -70° probe are respectively made the same as the detection states of the +70° probe and the -70° probe; the detection effect is good, the efficiency is high, and it is convenient to promote and use.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a layout diagram of the arrangement of the nine probes in the rail probe wheel of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of nine probes in the rail probe wheel of the present invention being installed on a fixed curved surface in a flexible tire filled with coupling fluid.

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the detection system of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the use status of the rail probe wheel of the present invention being pressed on a test block.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a stereogram of the test block of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Rear view of.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a front view of the test block of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 CC cross-sectional view

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of 9 probes after the rail probe wheel of the present invention rotates left by angle a.

[0039] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of 9 probes after rotating right by an angle of 2a.

[0040] Fig.11 This is a waveform effect diagram of the reflected wave of the 0° probe of the probe wheel in this embodiment in the rectangular groove group.

[0041] Fig.12 This is a diagram showing the reflected wave waveform effects of the 37° probe and 70° probe of the probe wheel in this embodiment when detecting the transverse hole group.

[0042] Fig.13 The figure is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, a rail wheel probe resolution detection method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: construct a rail wheel probe resolution detection system: the rail wheel probe resolution detection system includes a test block, a flaw detector and a host for assisting in detecting the resolution of the probe 5 in the rail detection wheel 4 of the double-track flaw detection vehicle, wherein the signal output ends of the probe 5 are connected to the flaw detector;

[0045] The test block includes a block 1 of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular groove group for 0° probe resolution detection is provided at the bottom of the block 1, the rectangular groove group includes a first rectangular groove 2 and a second rectangular groove 3 provided on the side of the first rectangular groove 2 close to the center line of the vertical direction, a first detection horizontal hole group and a second detection horizontal hole group for 37° probe and 70° probe resolution detection are symmetrically provided at both sides of the block 1, the first detection horizontal hole group includes a first detection hole 6 and a third detection hole 8, the second detection horizontal hole group includes a second detection hole 7 and a fourth detection hole 9 , the first detection hole 6, the second detection hole 7, the third detection hole 8 and the fourth detection hole 9 all include a first detection cylindrical hole 10, a second detection cylindrical hole 11 and a third detection cylindrical hole 12 which are connected in sequence, the central axis of the first detection hole 6 and the center line of the width direction of the top of the block 1 form a first plane, the central axis of the third detection hole 8 and the center line of the width direction of the top of the block 1 form a second plane, the angle between the first plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block 1 is 70°, and the angle between the second plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block 1 is 37°;

[0046] Step 2: Test preparation: Press the rail probe wheel 4 onto the test block, add appropriate coupling agent in the middle to maintain stable acoustic coupling;

[0047] Step 3: Detection of 0° probe: Direct the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel 4 toward the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove 2, the second rectangular groove 3 and the bottom surface of the block 1, and adjust the position of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel 4 so that the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove 2 and the second rectangular groove 3 are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove 2 and the second rectangular groove 3 is recorded as h A 、The trough height is recorded as h B ;

[0048] Step 4: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R0 of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel 4;

[0049] Step 5, detection of +37° probe and -37° probe: point the +37° arc groove of the rail probe wheel 4 toward the third detection hole 8, adjust the position of the +37° probe of the rail probe wheel 4 so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the third detection hole 8 are of equal height, and at this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the third detection hole 8 is recorded as h a1 、The trough height is recorded as h b1 ;

[0050] The arc groove of the rail probe wheel 4 is oriented at -37° toward the fourth detection hole 9, and the position of the -37° probe of the rail probe wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the fourth detection hole 9 are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the fourth detection hole 9 is recorded as h a2 、The trough height is recorded as h b2 ;

[0051] Step 6, detection of +70° probe and -70° probe: point the +70° probe in the rail detection wheel 4 toward the arc groove of the first detection hole 6, adjust the position of the +70° probe in the rail detection wheel 4 so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 are of equal height, and at this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 is recorded as h a3 、The trough height is recorded as h b3 ;

[0052] The -70° probe in the rail detection wheel 4 is directed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole 7, and the -70° probe position in the rail detection wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 is recorded as h a4 、The trough height is recorded as h b4 ;

[0053] Step 7: Detection of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe: The inclination angle of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel 4 is a, and the rail detection wheel 4 is rotated left by an angle a;

[0054] The right +70° probe of the rail detection wheel 4 is pointed toward the arc groove of the first detection hole 6. The right +70° probe position of the rail detection wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 is recorded as h a5 、The trough height is recorded as h b5 ;

[0055] The left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel 4 is pointed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole 7, and the left -70° probe position in the rail detection wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 is recorded as h a6 、The trough height is recorded as hb6 ;

[0056] Step 8: Detection of left +70° probe and right -70° probe: Rotate the rail detection wheel 4 clockwise by an angle of 2a;

[0057] The left +70° probe of the rail detection wheel 4 is pointed toward the arc groove of the first detection hole 6. The left +70° probe position of the rail detection wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the first detection hole 6 is recorded as h a7 、The trough height is recorded as h b7 ;

[0058] The right -70° probe of the rail detection wheel 4 is pointed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole 7, and the position of the right -70° probe of the rail detection wheel 4 is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 in the second detection hole 7 is recorded as h a8 、The trough height is recorded as h b8 ;

[0059] Step 9: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R of the 37° probe and the i-th probe in the 70° probe in the rail probe wheel 4 i , where i=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.

[0060] It should be noted that, by using the 0° probe to face the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove, the second rectangular groove and the bottom surface of the block, the 0° probe position is fine-tuned to make the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove equal in height, and the resolution of the 0° probe in the wheel probe is calculated according to the peak height and the trough height of the reflected wave. The resolution of the 37° and 70° probes in the wheel probe is detected by using two arc-shaped step structures formed by the first detection cylindrical hole, the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole which are connected in sequence and have increasing diameters. The detection of the +37° probe and the -37° probe as well as the detection of the +70° probe and the -70° probe can make the wheel body positively pressurize the test block. By rotating the wheel body twice, the states of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe, as well as the left +70° probe and the right -70° probe are respectively made the same as the detection state of the +70° probe and the -70° probe, so the detection effect is good and the efficiency is high.

[0061] In this embodiment, the depth of the second rectangular groove 3 is greater than the depth of the first rectangular groove 2, the length of the second rectangular groove 3 is less than the length of the first rectangular groove 2, and the length of the second rectangular groove 3 is 2 mm; the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole 10 is smaller than the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole 11, the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 is smaller than the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole 12, the lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole 10 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 are both greater than the length of the second detection cylindrical hole 11, and the length of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 is 2 mm.

[0062] In this embodiment, the width of the block 1 is greater than the width of the rail detection wheel 4.

[0063] In this embodiment, the length, width and height of the block 1 are 235 mm, 82 mm and 100 mm respectively.

[0064] In this embodiment, the length and depth of the first rectangular groove 2 are 30 mm and 9 mm respectively, and the depth of the second rectangular groove 3 is 15 mm.

[0065] In this embodiment, the center line of the block 1 in the vertical direction intersects with the first rectangular groove 2, and the distance between the center line of the block 1 in the vertical direction and the second rectangular groove 3 is 2 mm.

[0066] In this embodiment, the lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole 10 and the third detection cylindrical hole 12 are both 40 mm, the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole 10 is 40 mm, the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole 11 is 44 mm, and the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole 12 is 50 mm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the block 1 is a special test block of No. 20 low carbon steel, and the grain size of the block 1 is level 7 to 8.

[0068] It should be noted that, under ideal conditions, by adjusting the position of the wheel body, the resolution of the five probes, namely, the 0° probe, the +37° probe, the -37° probe, the +70° probe and the -70° probe, can be detected at one time, which is highly efficient.

[0069] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove, the second rectangular groove and the bottom surface of the block are used to detect the resolution of the 0° probe in the wheel probe, and the two arc-shaped step structures formed by the first detection cylindrical hole, the second detection cylindrical hole and the third detection cylindrical hole which are connected in sequence and have increasing diameters are used to detect the resolution of the 37° and 70° probes in the wheel probe. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the resolution of a rail wheel probe, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: constructing a rail wheel probe resolution detection system: the rail wheel probe resolution detection system comprises a test block for assisting detection of the resolution of a probe (5) in a rail detection wheel (4) of a double-track flaw detection vehicle, a flaw detector and a host, wherein the signal output ends of the probe (5) are connected to the flaw detector; The test block comprises a block (1) with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular groove group for 0° probe resolution detection is provided at the bottom of the block (1), the rectangular groove group comprises a first rectangular groove (2) and a second rectangular groove (3) provided on the first rectangular groove (2) near the center line of the vertical direction, a first detection transverse hole group and a second detection transverse hole group for 37° probe and 70° probe resolution detection are symmetrically provided at two sides of the block (1), the first detection transverse hole group comprises a first detection hole (6) and a third detection hole (8), the second detection transverse hole group comprises a second detection hole (7) and a fourth detection hole (9), the first detection transverse hole group comprises a second detection hole (7) and a fourth detection hole (9), and the second detection hole group comprises a first detection hole (8) and a third detection hole (8). The detection hole (6), the second detection hole (7), the third detection hole (8) and the fourth detection hole (9) all comprise a first detection cylindrical hole (10), a second detection cylindrical hole (11) and a third detection cylindrical hole (12) which are connected in sequence; the central axis of the first detection hole (6) and the central line of the top width direction of the block (1) form a first plane; the central axis of the third detection hole (8) and the central line of the top width direction of the block (1) form a second plane; the angle between the first plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block (1) is 70°; and the angle between the second plane and the central vertical section in the width direction of the block (1) is 37°; Step 2: Test preparation: Press the rail probe wheel (4) onto the test block, add appropriate coupling agent in the middle to maintain stable acoustic coupling; Step 3: Detection of 0° probe: The 0° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) is directed toward the two right-angle step structures formed by the first rectangular groove (2), the second rectangular groove (3) and the bottom surface of the block (1), and the position of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove (2) and the second rectangular groove (3) are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the first rectangular groove (2) and the second rectangular groove (3) is recorded as h A 、The trough height is recorded as h B ; Step 4: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R0 of the 0° probe in the rail probe wheel (4); Step 5, detection of +37° probe and -37° probe: the +37° arc groove of the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the third detection hole (8), and the position of the +37° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the third detection hole (8) are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the third detection hole (8) is recorded as h a1 、The trough height is recorded as h b1 ; The arc groove of the rail probe wheel (4) is oriented at -37° toward the fourth detection hole (9), and the position of the -37° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the fourth detection hole (9) are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the fourth detection hole (9) is recorded as h a2 、The trough height is recorded as h b2 ; Step 6, detection of +70° probe and -70° probe: point the +70° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) toward the arc groove of the first detection hole (6), adjust the position of the +70° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) so ​​that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) are of equal height, and at this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) is recorded as h a3 、The trough height is recorded as h b3 ; The -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole (7), and the position of the -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) is recorded as h a4 、The trough height is recorded as h b4 ; Step 7: Detection of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe: The inclination angle of the right +70° probe and the left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is a, and the rail detection wheel (4) is rotated left by an angle a; The right +70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the arc groove of the first detection hole (6), and the position of the right +70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) is recorded as h a5 、The trough height is recorded as h b5 ; The left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole (7), and the position of the left -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) is recorded as h a6 、The trough height is recorded as h b6 ; Step 8: Detection of the left +70° probe and the right -70° probe: Rotate the rail probe wheel (4) clockwise by an angle of 2a; The left +70° probe of the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the arc groove of the first detection hole (6), and the position of the left +70° probe of the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) are of the same height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the first detection hole (6) is recorded as h a7 、The trough height is recorded as h b7 ; The right -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is directed toward the arc groove of the second detection hole (7), and the position of the right -70° probe in the rail detection wheel (4) is adjusted so that the reflected waves of the two arc grooves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) are of equal height. At this time, the peak height of the reflected waves of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) in the second detection hole (7) is recorded as h a8 、The trough height is recorded as h b8 ; Step 9: According to the formula Calculate the resolution R of the i-th probe in the 37° probe and the 70° probe in the rail probe wheel (4) i , where i=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.

2. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the second rectangular groove (3) is greater than the depth of the first rectangular groove (2), the length of the second rectangular groove (3) is less than the length of the first rectangular groove (2), and the length of the second rectangular groove (3) is 2 mm; the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole (10) is smaller than the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole (11), the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) is smaller than the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole (12), the lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole (10) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) are both greater than the length of the second detection cylindrical hole (11), and the length of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) is 2 mm.

3. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the block (1) is greater than the width of the rail detection wheel (4).

4. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length, width and height of the block (1) are 235 mm, 82 mm and 100 mm respectively.

5. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length and depth of the first rectangular groove (2) are 30 mm and 9 mm respectively, and the depth of the second rectangular groove (3) is 15 mm.

6. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The center line of the block (1) in the vertical direction intersects with the first rectangular groove (2), and the distance between the center line of the block (1) in the vertical direction and the second rectangular groove (3) is 2 mm.

7. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lengths of the first detection cylindrical hole (10) and the third detection cylindrical hole (12) are both 40 mm, the diameter of the first detection cylindrical hole (10) is 40 mm, the diameter of the second detection cylindrical hole (11) is 44 mm, and the diameter of the third detection cylindrical hole (12) is 50 mm.

8. A rail wheel probe resolution detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block (1) is a special test block of No. 20 low carbon steel, and the grain size of the block (1) is 7 to 8 levels.

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