Intelligent switch for household electrical appliances

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of smart home, and discloses a household electric appliance intelligent switch which comprises an intelligent electric meter module, an intelligent socket and switch module, a central control unit module, a user interface module, a communication module, a sensor module and a communication module. According to the intelligent switch system for the household electrical appliances, intelligent control and power-saving management of the household electrical appliances are realized through cooperative work of the intelligent electric meter, the intelligent socket, the switch, the sensor module, the central control unit, the user interface, the communication module and the analysis module. The system can automatically adjust the operation time and power of the electric appliances according to the real-time electricity price, the environmental parameters and the user behaviors, improves the comfort and convenience of family life, and optimizes the energy consumption and reduces the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of smart home, and in particular relates to a smart switch for household appliances. Background Art

[0002] Smart home uses various advanced technologies to interconnect and intelligently manage various devices and systems in the home, thereby achieving automation, convenience and efficiency of family life. Smart home systems can include lighting, security, temperature control, home appliances, entertainment and other aspects. Through intelligent control and automated operation, they can improve the comfort, safety and energy efficiency of family life.

[0003] Smart home uses modern technology to interconnect and intelligently manage various devices and systems in family life, thereby realizing automation, convenience and efficiency of family life. Smart home system can improve the comfort, safety and energy efficiency of family life, and has broad application prospects and development space. Therefore, a home smart switch is proposed here. Summary of the invention

[0004] (1) Technical problem to be solved: How to control home intelligently.

[0005] (II) Technical solution: The present invention provides a household appliance intelligent switch, comprising:

[0006] Smart meter module: uses high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure current, voltage and power. At the same time, it has a built-in high-performance metering chip that can quickly process sensor data and calculate real-time power and accumulated power consumption.

[0007] Smart socket and switch modules: use high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure the power consumption of electrical appliances; at the same time, they have built-in high-performance control chips that can quickly process sensor data and execute user control instructions;

[0008] Central control unit module: uses a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer to receive data from smart meters, smart sockets and switches, and sensor modules, and performs data processing and analysis to calculate the optimal appliance operating time and power settings based on electricity price information, device status, and user preferences;

[0009] User interface module: This can be a smartphone app, tablet app or web-based control panel that supports multiple operating systems and device platforms to display the appliance's on / off status, power consumption and electricity price information in real time. It also provides settings and control functions so that users can set the appliance's operating time and priority according to their needs and preferences.

[0010] Communication module: supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth and Ethernet, and is responsible for data transmission between modules;

[0011] Sensor module: used to monitor environmental parameters in the home environment to optimize the operation status of electrical appliances; at the same time, it is also used to monitor user behavior parameters to analyze user usage habits and preferences;

[0012] Analysis module: Process historical data and perform predictive analysis through machine algorithms. The specific steps for predicting the air conditioner start time are as follows:

[0013] First, use sensors to collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t) and timestamp t, and express these data as:

[0014] X(t)=[T(t);H(t);L(t);U(t)]

[0015] This is the multidimensional time series expression of these data;

[0016] Second, each feature in the data is dimensionless so that all features are in a standard set. The calculation formula for the feature standard is:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, u is the mean of the feature and σ is the standard deviation of the feature;

[0019] Third, construct the time series data into LSTM input format, and assume that the data of the past k time steps are used to predict the future air conditioning start time Y(t):

[0020]

[0021] Among them, X norm (t) is the standardized feature, and the target sliding wire predicts the future air conditioning opening time Y(t);

[0022] Fourth, the internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows:

[0023] First, for the forget gate:

[0024] f t =σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f )

[0025] Second, for the input gate:

[0026] it =σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i )

[0027]

[0028] Again, for the cell state update:

[0029]

[0030] Finally, for the output gate:

[0031] o t =σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o )

[0032] h t =o t ⊙tanh(C t )

[0033] Where σ is the sigmoid function, tanh is the tanh function, ⊙ represents element-wise multiplication, W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector;

[0034] Fifth, the output of LSTM passes through the fully connected layer to get the predicted value:

[0035]

[0036] The loss function is the mean squared error:

[0037]

[0038] Minimize the loss function and update the model parameters through the back-propagation algorithm and optimizer;

[0039] 6. Use the model to make predictions:

[0040]

[0041] This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioning will start.

[0042] Furthermore, smart meters are installed in household distribution boxes or meter boxes to monitor electricity usage in real time; in addition, smart meters need to be regularly maintained and calibrated to ensure measurement accuracy and stable data transmission.

[0043] Furthermore, smart sockets and switches are installed at the power sockets or switch positions of electrical appliances to monitor and control the operating status of the electrical appliances in real time.

[0044] Furthermore, the central control unit has a built-in large-capacity memory for storing historical data and processing structures; the data storage adopts a redundant backup mechanism to ensure data integrity and security.

[0045] Furthermore, the central control unit is installed in a distribution box or a central location of the home; at the same time, it needs to carry a heat dissipation device for heat dissipation and ventilation.

[0046] Furthermore, environmental parameters in the home include but are not limited to temperature, humidity, light and air quality; and behavioral parameters of the user include but are not limited to exercise, sleep and activities.

[0047] Furthermore, the temperature sensor in the sensor module is installed in the center of the room, the humidity sensor is installed in a location with good air circulation, the light sensor is installed in a location with obvious light changes, and the motion sensor is installed in a location with frequent user activities.

[0048] Furthermore, an analysis module is integrated in the central control unit, which can analyze the activity patterns, usage frequency and time preference data in the user's behavior to optimize the operating status and time settings of the electrical appliances.

[0049] (III) Technical Effect: The household appliance intelligent switch system provided by the present invention realizes intelligent control and power saving management of household appliances through the coordinated work of intelligent meters, intelligent sockets and switches, sensor modules, central control units, user interfaces, communication modules and analysis modules. The system can automatically adjust the operating time and power of appliances according to real-time electricity prices, environmental parameters and user behavior, improve the comfort and convenience of family life, and optimize energy consumption and reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The household appliance intelligent switch provided in this specific embodiment is as follows: Figure 1As shown, including:

[0054] 1. Smart meter module: It uses high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure current, voltage and power. At the same time, it has a built-in high-performance metering chip that can quickly process sensor data and calculate real-time power and cumulative power consumption. Smart meters can monitor the total power consumption of a household in real time, and the update frequency can reach once a second or more. This ensures that the system can accurately monitor and analyze power consumption. Smart meters can not only record power consumption, but also obtain current electricity price information. Electricity price information is usually obtained from the power company's server through the Internet to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the data. Smart meters have built-in memory to store historical power consumption data and electricity price information. Data is transmitted to the central control unit through wireless or wired communication to ensure data integrity and security.

[0055] 2. Smart socket and switch module: It uses high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure the power consumption of electrical appliances; at the same time, it has a built-in high-performance control chip that can quickly process sensor data and execute user control instructions. Smart sockets and switches support remote control. Users can control the switch status of electrical appliances anytime and anywhere through devices such as smartphones and tablets. The remote control function is achieved through wireless communication to ensure the timeliness and reliability of control. Smart sockets and switches have built-in timing functions. Users can set the switch time of electrical appliances to achieve timing control. The timing function can optimize the operating time of electrical appliances and reduce electricity costs based on the user's living habits and electricity price information. Smart sockets and switches are usually installed at the power socket or switch position of electrical appliances to ensure that the operating status of electrical appliances can be monitored and controlled in real time. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the equipment is well connected to the power system to avoid electrical failures.

[0056] 3. Central control unit module: It uses a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer to receive data from smart meters, smart sockets and switches, and sensor modules, and performs data processing and analysis to calculate the optimal appliance operating time and power settings based on electricity price information, device status, and user preferences. The central control unit is usually installed in the home's distribution box or central location to ensure stable and reliable communication with each module. During installation, it is necessary to ensure good heat dissipation of the equipment to avoid overheating that affects system performance.

[0057] Fourth, the user interface module: It can be a smartphone application, tablet application or web-based control panel, supporting multiple operating systems and device platforms to display the switch status, power consumption and electricity price information of the appliance in real time; at the same time, it provides setting and control functions, and users can set the running time and priority of the appliance according to their needs and preferences. The installation and configuration of the user interface application needs to be simple and easy. Users can download and install the smartphone application through the app store, or access the web control panel through the browser.

[0058] 5. Communication module: including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth and Ethernet, which are responsible for data transmission between modules. The stability and reliability of data transmission are the basis for the normal operation of the system. The communication module needs to have anti-interference ability and high bandwidth to ensure the quality of data transmission. The communication module supports a variety of communication protocols, such as TCP / IP, MQTT, CoAP, etc. Different communication protocols have different characteristics and application scenarios. The installation and configuration of the communication module needs to be simple and easy to ensure that the device can be quickly and stably connected to the system. Wireless communication modules usually support automatic network configuration and fast configuration, and wired communication modules need to consider the compatibility of wiring and interfaces.

[0059] 6. Sensor module: used to monitor environmental parameters in the home environment to optimize the operation status of electrical appliances; at the same time, it is also used to monitor user behavior parameters to analyze user usage habits and preferences. The sensor module can monitor various parameters in the home environment in real time, such as temperature, humidity, light, air quality, etc. These data can be used to optimize the operation status of electrical appliances and improve the comfort and convenience of family life. The sensor module can monitor user behavior, such as exercise, sleep, activities, etc. These data can be used to analyze user usage habits and preferences and provide personalized services and experiences. The installation location of the sensor module needs to be selected according to the monitoring needs to ensure that the required data can be accurately collected. The temperature sensor is usually installed in the center of the room, the humidity sensor is installed in a location with good air circulation, the light sensor is installed in a location with obvious light changes, and the motion sensor is installed in a location where users are active frequently.

[0060] 7. Analysis module: Process historical data and perform predictive analysis through machine algorithms. By analyzing user behavior data, we can understand user usage habits and preferences and provide personalized services and experiences. User behavior analysis includes activity patterns, usage frequency, time preferences, etc., which can be used to optimize the operating status and time settings of electrical appliances.

[0061] For example, the specific steps for predicting the air conditioner opening time are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Use sensors to collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t) and timestamp t, and express these data as:

[0063] X(t)=[T(t);H(t);L(t);U(t)]

[0064] This is the multidimensional time series expression of these data;

[0065] Step 2: Dimensionless processing is performed on each feature in the data so that all features are in a standard set. The calculation formula of the feature standard is:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, u is the mean of the feature and σ is the standard deviation of the feature;

[0068] Step 3: Construct the time series data into LSTM input format and use the data of the past k time steps to predict the future air conditioner opening time Y(t):

[0069]

[0070] Among them, X norm (t) is the standardized feature, and the target sliding wire predicts the future air conditioning opening time Y(t);

[0071] Step 4: The internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows:

[0072] First, for the forget gate:

[0073] f t =σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f )

[0074] Second, for the input gate:

[0075] i t =σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i )

[0076]

[0077] Again, for the cell state update:

[0078]

[0079] Finally, for the output gate:

[0080] o t =σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o )

[0081] h t =o t ⊙tanh(C t )

[0082] Where σ is the sigmoid function, tanh is the tanh function, ⊙ represents element-wise multiplication, W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector;

[0083] Step 5: The output of LSTM passes through the fully connected layer to get the predicted value:

[0084]

[0085] The loss function is the mean squared error:

[0086]

[0087] Minimize the loss function and update the model parameters through the back-propagation algorithm and optimizer;

[0088] Step 6: Use the model to make predictions:

[0089]

[0090] This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioning will start.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0092] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A household appliance intelligent switch, characterized in that: include: Smart meter module: uses high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure current, voltage and power. At the same time, it has a built-in high-performance metering chip that can quickly process sensor data and calculate real-time power and accumulated power consumption. Smart socket and switch modules: use high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors to accurately measure the power consumption of electrical appliances; at the same time, they have built-in high-performance control chips that can quickly process sensor data and execute user control instructions; Central control unit module: uses a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer to receive data from smart meters, smart sockets and switches, and sensor modules, and performs data processing and analysis to calculate the optimal appliance operating time and power settings based on electricity price information, device status, and user preferences; User interface module: This can be a smartphone app, tablet app or web-based control panel that supports multiple operating systems and device platforms to display the appliance's on / off status, power consumption and electricity price information in real time. It also provides settings and control functions so that users can set the appliance's operating time and priority according to their needs and preferences. Communication module: supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth and Ethernet, and is responsible for data transmission between modules; Sensor module: used to monitor environmental parameters in the home environment to optimize the operation status of electrical appliances; at the same time, it is also used to monitor user behavior parameters to analyze user usage habits and preferences; Analysis module: Process historical data and perform predictive analysis through machine algorithms. The specific steps for predicting the air conditioner start time are as follows: First, use sensors to collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t) and timestamp t, and express these data as: X(t)=[T(t);H(t);L(t);U(t)] This is the multidimensional time series expression of these data; Second, make each feature in the data dimensionless so that all features are in one standard set; Third, construct the time series data into LSTM input format, and assume that the data of the past k time steps are used to predict the future air conditioning start time Y(t): Among them, Z norm (t) is the standardized feature, and the target sliding wire predicts the future air conditioning opening time Y(t); Fourth, the internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows: First, for the forget gate: f t =σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f ) Second, for the input gate: i t =σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i ) Again, for the cell state update: Finally, for the output gate: the t =σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o ) h t =o t ⊙tanh(C t ) Where σ is the sigmoid function, tanh is the tanh function, ⊙ represents element-wise multiplication, W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector; Fifth, the output of LSTM passes through the fully connected layer to get the predicted value: The loss function is the mean squared error: Minimize the loss function and update the model parameters through the back-propagation algorithm and optimizer; 6. Use the model to make predictions: This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioning will start.

2. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Smart meters are installed in the home's distribution box or meter box to monitor electricity usage in real time; in addition, smart meters require regular maintenance and calibration to ensure measurement accuracy and stable data transmission.

3. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Smart sockets and switches are installed at the power sockets or switch locations of electrical appliances to monitor and control the operating status of electrical appliances in real time.

4. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control unit has a built-in large-capacity memory for storing historical data and processing structures; data storage uses a redundant backup mechanism to ensure data integrity and security.

5. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The central control unit is installed in the distribution box or central location of the home; at the same time, it needs to carry a heat dissipation device for heat dissipation and ventilation.

6. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Environmental parameters in the home include but are not limited to temperature, humidity, light and air quality; user behavior parameters include but are not limited to exercise, sleep and activities.

7. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor in the sensor module is installed in the center of the room, the humidity sensor is installed in a location with good air circulation, the light sensor is installed in a location with obvious light changes, and the motion sensor is installed in a location with frequent user activities.

8. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis module is integrated into the central control unit, which can analyze the activity patterns, usage frequency and time preference data in user behavior to optimize the operating status and time settings of the appliance.

9. The household appliance intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the characteristic standard is: Among them, u is the mean of the feature and σ is the standard deviation of the feature.

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