Battery system with efficient thermal management capability

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery system with efficient thermal management capability, comprising: a battery pack comprising a plurality of cells connected in series; the temperature adjusting unit comprises a plurality of semiconductor chilling plates which are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery cells, each semiconductor chilling plate is provided with a first heat exchange end and a second heat exchange end, and the first heat exchange ends are in direct / indirect contact with the battery cells so as to adjust the temperature of the battery cells; the temperature acquisition unit is used for monitoring temperature data of each battery cell in real time and transmitting the monitored temperature data to the control unit; and the control unit is used for receiving the temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit and controlling the refrigeration / heating mode of each semiconductor refrigeration sheet according to a preset temperature equalization strategy so as to maintain the temperatures of all the battery cells within a set equalization range. The method has the advantages that the temperature of the battery cell can be maintained within a set equalization range, battery performance degradation caused by temperature fluctuation is reduced, and the service life of the battery cell and the whole battery system is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery system with efficient thermal management capability. Background Art

[0002] In the field of energy storage, especially in the development of household energy storage battery systems, battery safety and long life are crucial considerations. However, the existing technology still has significant technical bottlenecks in this regard, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] Imperfect temperature monitoring: Current household energy storage battery systems generally lack a complete thermal management system. Although some systems use temperature monitoring methods, they are usually limited to a small number of cells (for example, only 4 out of 16 cells are equipped with temperature sensors), resulting in serious blind spots in temperature data collection. This incomplete temperature monitoring makes it impossible for the system to fully grasp the real-time temperature status of all cells, and thus cannot accurately assess the overall thermal safety status of the battery system.

[0004] Lack of temperature balancing strategy: For systems that already have basic temperature monitoring capabilities, their temperature balancing strategies often seem to be inadequate. In large energy storage systems, although attempts are made to uniformly regulate the battery cell temperature by simply comparing it with the set temperature, this strategy ignores the temperature differences between the cells and cannot achieve refined temperature control. As a result, even after regulation, there may still be a large temperature difference in the battery pack (such as around 5°C), which will accelerate the aging of the battery cell and shorten the battery life.

[0005] Limitations of thermal management methods: For household energy storage systems, due to space and cost constraints, simpler heat dissipation solutions are often used, such as natural heat dissipation or simple air cooling systems. These methods have low heat dissipation efficiency and are difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of battery systems under high load operation. For large energy storage systems, although liquid cooling systems may be used, liquid cooling systems have problems such as large top and bottom temperature differences and uneven temperature distribution, and are also unable to achieve effective temperature balance.

[0006] Incomplete heating solution: To solve the problem of battery heating in low temperature environment, the existing technology usually adopts heating film solution. However, this solution is only wound on the surface of the battery cell, which makes it difficult to achieve uniform heating of the entire battery cell. At the same time, due to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery cell itself, the heating effect of the heating film will also be limited to a certain extent, and it cannot meet the demand for rapid heating of the battery in low temperature environment.

[0007] In summary, the existing technologies have obvious deficiencies in temperature monitoring, temperature balancing strategies, thermal management methods, and heating schemes of energy storage battery systems. These deficiencies not only affect the safety and longevity of the battery system, but also limit the application of energy storage technology in a wider range of fields. Summary of the invention

[0008] One purpose of the present invention is to maintain the temperature of each battery cell within a set equilibrium range to reduce battery performance degradation caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to achieve rapid switching of the semiconductor refrigeration plate between cooling mode and heating mode.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to maintain the semiconductor refrigeration plate in a continuous and efficient working state and provide stable cooling / heating capacity to the battery cells with cooling / heating requirements.

[0011] In particular, the present invention provides a battery system with efficient thermal management capability, comprising:

[0012] A battery pack, comprising a plurality of cells connected in series;

[0013] A temperature regulating unit, comprising a plurality of semiconductor cooling sheets corresponding to each of the battery cells, wherein the semiconductor cooling sheets have a first heat exchange end and a second heat exchange end, wherein the first heat exchange end is in direct / indirect contact with the battery cell to regulate the temperature of the battery cell;

[0014] A temperature acquisition unit, used to monitor the temperature data of each of the battery cells in real time and transmit the monitored temperature data to a control unit; and

[0015] The control unit is used to receive the temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit, and control the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor refrigeration chip according to a preset temperature balance strategy to maintain the temperature of all the battery cells within a set balance range.

[0016] Optionally, the battery system with efficient thermal management capability further includes:

[0017] The circuit integrated unit includes a plurality of switching circuits corresponding to each of the semiconductor refrigeration chips one by one, and is used to independently receive control instructions from the control unit and maintain / change the direction of the current flowing through the corresponding semiconductor refrigeration chip according to the control instructions.

[0018] Optionally, the commutation circuit includes a first wire, a second wire, a first switch and a second switch, the first wire is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second wire is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the semiconductor cooling sheet has a first electrode and a second electrode;

[0019] When the control instruction is a cooling instruction, the first electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell through the first switch and the first wire, and the second electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell through the second switch and the second wire;

[0020] When the control instruction is a heating instruction, the first electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell through the first switch and the second wire, and the second electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell through the second switch and the first wire.

[0021] Optionally, the circuit integration unit further includes:

[0022] An ambient temperature detection circuit, used to detect the ambient temperature of the battery pack; and

[0023] A battery cell temperature calculation circuit is used to receive the temperature data of each battery cell transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit, and calculate the temperature dispersion difference between the battery cells based on the temperature data;

[0024] The control unit is also used to receive data input from the ambient temperature detection circuit and the battery cell temperature calculation circuit, and dynamically adjust the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor refrigeration plate in combination with the charge and discharge plan of the battery pack and the expected heat generation.

[0025] Optionally, the battery system with efficient thermal management capability further includes:

[0026] The cooling unit includes a plurality of heat exchange components connected to the second heat exchange end of each semiconductor refrigeration plate, and is used to dissipate the cold / heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration plate into the environment to maintain the working efficiency of the semiconductor refrigeration plate.

[0027] Optionally, the heat exchange component includes at least one of an air cooling component and a liquid cooling component, and a heat pipe component, and the control unit selectively opens and closes the air cooling component, the liquid cooling component and the heat pipe component according to the hot and cold conditions of the second heat exchange end.

[0028] Optionally, the battery system with efficient thermal management capability further includes:

[0029] A battery management unit is used to detect battery parameters of the battery pack and provide the battery parameters to the control unit so that the control unit can formulate and execute the temperature balancing strategy according to the battery parameters, wherein the battery parameters include voltage, current, remaining power and health status.

[0030] Optionally, the control unit and the temperature regulating unit control the temperature difference between the battery cells in the battery pack to be within a range of -1°C to 1°C, and the temperature rise of each battery cell does not exceed 40°C.

[0031] Optionally, a heat-conducting medium is provided between adjacent battery cells, and the heat-conducting medium is used to promote the transfer and balance of cold / heat between the battery cells in a high-temperature state and the battery cells in a relatively low-temperature state.

[0032] Optionally, the semiconductor refrigeration plate includes two conductive layers, two insulating layers, a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor, the two conductive layers are arranged at intervals from each other, the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor are alternately distributed between the two conductive layers, and the two insulating layers are correspondingly arranged on the outside of the two conductive layers.

[0033] The battery system with efficient thermal management capability of the present invention realizes one-to-one precise temperature regulation by equipping each battery cell with a dedicated semiconductor cooling sheet, ensuring that each battery cell can be appropriately cooled or heated. With the help of real-time monitoring of the temperature acquisition unit and intelligent regulation of the control unit, the present invention can quickly respond to the slight temperature difference between the battery cells, and maintain the battery cell temperature within the set equilibrium range through the instant operation of the semiconductor cooling sheet. This strict temperature management not only reduces the battery performance degradation caused by temperature fluctuations, but also significantly extends the service life of the battery cell and the entire battery system. The equalization of the battery cell temperature not only extends the life, but also directly improves the overall performance and stability of the battery system. Under the condition of balanced temperature, the working state of the battery cell is more consistent, the energy conversion efficiency is higher, and the thermal stress problem caused by uneven temperature is reduced, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the system. Due to the high efficiency and accuracy of the present invention in temperature management, the battery failure and maintenance requirements caused by abnormal temperature are greatly reduced. This not only reduces the user's maintenance cost and time cost, but also improves the overall user experience and satisfaction.

[0034] Furthermore, the battery system with efficient thermal management capability of the present invention constructs a simple and efficient commutation circuit through a clever combination of the first wire, the second wire, the first switch and the second switch. When the control unit issues a cooling or heating instruction, it only needs to adjust the closed state of the first switch and the second switch to quickly change the direction of current flow so that the semiconductor refrigeration plate works according to the instruction requirements. This design not only simplifies the operating process, but also improves the response speed of the system. Since the commutation circuit directly acts on the electrodes of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, it can achieve precise control of the cooling / heating mode to ensure that the battery core temperature is always maintained within the set equilibrium range.

[0035] Furthermore, the battery system with efficient thermal management capability of the present invention has a cooling and heat dissipation unit including at least one of an air cooling component and a liquid cooling component, and a heat pipe component. This diversified heat dissipation method enables the system to flexibly select the most suitable cooling / heat dissipation method according to the actual hot and cold conditions of the second heat exchange end of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, thereby achieving efficient dissipation of the cold / heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration plate, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient working state of the semiconductor refrigeration plate. This not only improves the thermal management efficiency of the entire battery system, but also further enhances the reliability and stability of the system.

[0036] Furthermore, in the battery system with efficient thermal management capability of the present invention, the heat-conducting medium acts as a bridge for heat transfer, and can quickly transfer the heat in the battery cell in a high temperature state to the adjacent battery cell with a relatively low temperature. This heat transfer process helps to reduce the temperature difference between the battery cells and achieve a balanced distribution of heat, thereby improving the thermal stability of the entire battery system. The introduction of the heat-conducting medium reduces unnecessary cooling / heating operations, and also helps to achieve rapid temperature balance between the battery cells.

[0037] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a semiconductor refrigeration sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a commutation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit integration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1. Battery system; 10. Battery pack; 100. Battery cell; 20. Temperature regulating unit; 200. Semiconductor refrigeration sheet; 201. First heat exchange end; 202. Second heat exchange end; 210. Conductive layer; 220. Insulating layer; 230. P-type semiconductor; 240. N-type semiconductor; 250. First electrode; 260. Second electrode; 30. Temperature acquisition unit; 300. Temperature sensor; 40. Control unit; 50. Circuit integration unit; 510. Reversing circuit; 511. First wire; 512. Second wire; 513. First switch; 514. Second switch; 520. Ambient temperature detection circuit; 530. Battery cell temperature calculation circuit; 60. Cooling and heat dissipation unit; 600. Cold and heat exchange component; 610. Air cooling component; 620. Liquid cooling component; 630. Heat pipe component; 70. Battery management unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to more than two (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0052] In the description of the present invention, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] The present invention provides a battery system 1 with efficient thermal management capability. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the battery system 1 with efficient thermal management capability of the present invention at least includes a battery pack 10 , a temperature regulating unit 20 , a temperature collecting unit 30 and a control unit 40 .

[0055] The battery pack 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 connected in series. The temperature regulating unit 20 includes a plurality of semiconductor cooling plates 200, each of which corresponds to the battery cell 100 one by one. The semiconductor cooling plate 200 has a first heat exchange end 201 and a second heat exchange end 202, and the first heat exchange end 201 is in direct / indirect contact with the battery cell 100 to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 100. The temperature acquisition unit 30 is used to monitor the temperature data of each battery cell 100 in real time, and transmit the monitored temperature data to the control unit 40. The control unit 40 is used to receive the temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit 30, and control the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor cooling plate 200 according to a preset temperature balance strategy, so as to maintain the temperature of all battery cells 100 within a set balance range.

[0056] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, each battery cell 100 is equipped with a dedicated semiconductor cooling sheet 200, which realizes one-to-one precise temperature adjustment, ensuring that each battery cell 100 can be properly cooled or heated. With the help of real-time monitoring of the temperature acquisition unit 30 and intelligent regulation of the control unit 40, it can quickly respond to the slight temperature difference between the battery cells 100, and maintain the temperature of the battery cell 100 within the set equilibrium range through the immediate operation of the semiconductor cooling sheet 200. This strict temperature management not only reduces the battery performance degradation caused by temperature fluctuations, but also significantly extends the service life of the battery cell 100 and the entire battery system 1.

[0057] In the battery pack 10, the series connection of the battery cells 100 refers to connecting multiple battery cells 100 together in a certain order to form a string of battery cells 100. In this way, the voltages between the battery cells 100 can be superimposed, and the total voltage of the string of battery cells 100 is equal to the sum of the voltages of each battery cell 100. By connecting multiple battery cells 100 in series, the output voltage of the battery pack 10 can be significantly improved to meet applications requiring high voltage. The battery pack 10 uses battery cells 100 connected in series to reduce dependence on voltage converters, thereby simplifying circuit design. In order to ensure the overall performance and stability of the battery pack 10, appropriate isolation and protection measures can be adopted between the battery cells 100 to prevent potential risks such as short circuits and leakage.

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a semiconductor refrigeration chip 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The semiconductor refrigeration chip 200 utilizes the Peltier effect in the thermoelectric effect to achieve efficient cooling or heating functions.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the semiconductor cooling sheet 200 may include a conductive layer 210 , an insulating layer 220 , a P-type semiconductor 230 , and an N-type semiconductor 240 .

[0060] The conductive layer 210 is an important component of the semiconductor cooling sheet 200, which not only provides a path for current but also serves as a support structure for the P-type semiconductor 230 and the N-type semiconductor 240. The conductive layer 210 can be made of a material with good electrical and thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum or other alloys. Figure 2 In the embodiment, two conductive layers 210 are arranged in a spaced relationship to form an intermediate layer for accommodating a P-type semiconductor 230 and an N-type semiconductor 240 .

[0061] The P-type semiconductor 230 and the N-type semiconductor 240 are key materials for the occurrence of the thermoelectric effect. They are arranged alternately to form a thermocouple pair, which is the core of achieving the cooling or heating effect. Figure 2 Two P-type semiconductors 230 and two N-type semiconductors 240 are shown as examples, but the number can be adjusted as needed in actual applications. The P-type semiconductors 230 and the N-type semiconductors 240 are alternately distributed in the interlayer between the two conductive layers 210 to form multiple pairs of thermocouples, each pair of thermocouples can independently produce the Peltier effect.

[0062] The insulating layer 220 is disposed outside the two conductive layers 210, and its main purpose is to prevent the current from flowing outside the cooling plate, and to ensure that the current only passes through the thermocouple pair composed of the P-type semiconductor 230 and the N-type semiconductor 240. At the same time, the insulating layer 220 also protects the conductive layer 210, the P-type semiconductor 230 and the N-type semiconductor 240 from damage by the external environment. The insulating layer 220 is made of a non-conductive, high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material, such as ceramics, glass or high-performance polymers.

[0063] When direct current passes through the semiconductor cooling sheet 200, the current will flow along a predetermined path, passing through the conductive layer 210, the P-type semiconductor 230, the N-type semiconductor 240 in sequence, and finally returning to another conductive layer 210, forming a complete closed loop. In this process, according to the principle of the Peltier effect, heat will be absorbed or released at the junction of the thermocouple pair. By adjusting the direction and magnitude of the current, heat can be absorbed at a specific junction of the thermocouple pair, thereby forming a low-temperature area at the cold end of the semiconductor cooling sheet 200, achieving a cooling effect. Conversely, by changing the direction of the current, heat can be released at the other junction of the thermocouple pair, thereby generating heat at the hot end, achieving a heating effect.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the circuit integration unit 50 may include multiple commutation circuits 510, each of which corresponds to a semiconductor refrigeration plate 200. Each commutation circuit 510 is used to independently receive a control instruction from the control unit 40, and maintain / change the direction of the current flowing through its corresponding semiconductor refrigeration plate 200 according to the control instruction.

[0065] By including a plurality of commutation circuits 510 corresponding one to one with the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200, the system can realize independent control of each semiconductor refrigeration plate 200. This design allows the control unit 40 to send specific control instructions to each commutation circuit 510, thereby accurately controlling the direction of the current flowing through each semiconductor refrigeration plate 200, thereby realizing the cooling / heating function of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200.

[0066] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a commutation circuit 510, a semiconductor cooling sheet 200 and a battery cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown Figure 3 As shown, the commutation circuit 510 includes a first wire 511 (indicated by a solid line), a second wire 512 (indicated by a dotted line), a first switch 513 and a second switch 514, the first wire 511 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 100, the second wire 512 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 100, and the semiconductor cooling sheet 200 has a first electrode 250 and a second electrode 260. When the control instruction is a cooling instruction, the first electrode 250 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 100 through the first switch 513 and the first wire 511, and the second electrode 260 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 100 through the second switch 514 and the second wire 512. When the control instruction is a heating instruction, the first electrode 250 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 100 through the first switch 513 and the second wire 512, and the second electrode 260 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 100 through the second switch 514 and the first wire 511.

[0067] By cleverly combining the first wire 511, the second wire 512, the first switch 513 and the second switch 514, a simple and efficient commutation circuit 510 is constructed. When the control unit 40 issues a cooling or heating instruction, it only needs to adjust the closed state of the first switch 513 and the second switch 514 to quickly change the current flow direction so that the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200 works according to the instruction requirements. This design not only simplifies the operation process, but also improves the response speed of the system. Since the commutation circuit 510 directly acts on the electrodes of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200, it can achieve precise control of the cooling / heating mode, ensuring that the temperature of the battery cell 100 is always maintained within the set equilibrium range.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the first electrode 250 and the second electrode 260 can be led out from the terminal of the conductive layer 210 of the semiconductor cooling sheet 200. Figure 2In the embodiment, when the first electrode 250 is connected to the first wire 511 through the first switch 513 (i.e., the first electrode 250 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 100), and the second electrode 260 is connected to the second wire 512 through the second switch 514 (i.e., the second electrode 260 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 100), the first heat exchange end 201 of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200 is the cold end, and the second heat exchange end 202 is the hot end; when the first electrode 250 is connected to the second wire 512 through the first switch 513 (i.e., the first electrode 250 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 100), and the second electrode 260 is connected to the first wire 511 through the second switch 514 (i.e., the second electrode 260 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 100), the first heat exchange end 201 of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 200 is the hot end, and the second heat exchange end 202 is the cold end.

[0069] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit integration unit 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the circuit integration unit 50 may further include an ambient temperature detection circuit 520 and a battery cell 100 temperature calculation circuit.

[0070] The ambient temperature detection circuit 520 is responsible for detecting the ambient temperature of the battery pack 10. Specifically, a thermistor, a thermocouple or a digital sensor may be used to collect ambient temperature data, and an analog-to-digital converter may be used to convert the analog signal into a digital signal for subsequent processing.

[0071] The cell 100 temperature calculation circuit is used to receive the temperature data of each cell 100 transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit 30, and calculate the temperature dispersion difference between each cell 100 accordingly. This helps to identify the hot spots or cold spots inside the battery pack 10, and provides the necessary decision basis for the control unit 40. The cell 100 temperature calculation circuit may include an arithmetic logic unit or a microprocessor for performing operations such as receiving, storing, comparing and calculating temperature data. The calculation results (such as temperature dispersion differences) will be sent to the control unit 40 for further processing.

[0072] The control unit 40 is also used to receive data input from the ambient temperature detection circuit 520 and the battery cell 100 temperature calculation circuit, and dynamically adjust the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor cooling plate 200 in combination with the charge and discharge plan of the battery pack 10 (such as charging rate, discharge depth, etc.) and the expected heat generation (based on predictions of battery chemical characteristics, charge and discharge rates, etc.).

[0073] By integrating the ambient temperature detection circuit 520 and the battery cell 100 temperature calculation circuit, and combining the intelligent decision-making ability of the control unit 40, it is possible to achieve comprehensive monitoring and precise control of the internal and external environment of the battery pack 10. This can not only improve the service life and performance stability of the battery pack 10, but also reduce the safety risks caused by overheating or overcooling. At the same time, the application of dynamic adjustment strategies also makes the system more adaptable to changing operating conditions, improving the flexibility and reliability of the system.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the battery system 1 may further include a cooling unit 60, which includes a plurality of heat exchange components 600 connected to the second heat exchange end 202 of each semiconductor refrigeration chip 200, and is used to dissipate the cold / heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration chip 200 into the environment to maintain the working efficiency of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 200.

[0075] The cooling and heat dissipation unit 60 is mainly composed of a plurality of cold and heat exchange components 600, which are closely connected to the second heat exchange end 202 (i.e., the end that does not directly cool / heat the battery cell 100) of each semiconductor cooling plate 200. Its main function is to effectively dissipate the excess cold or heat generated by the semiconductor cooling plate 200 during the cooling / heating process to the surrounding environment to prevent the semiconductor cooling plate 200 from reducing its working efficiency or even being damaged due to overheating.

[0076] When the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 200 is working, its first heat exchange end 201 (i.e., the end that directly cools / heats the battery cell 100) absorbs or releases heat, while the second heat exchange end 202 generates corresponding cold or heat. The cold and heat exchange component 600 in the cooling and heat dissipation unit 60 transfers the cold or heat from the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 200 to the environment through heat conduction, convection or radiation.

[0077] The cooling unit 60 is essential to maintain the working efficiency of the semiconductor cooling chip 200. If the heat cannot be dissipated to the environment in time, the working temperature of the semiconductor cooling chip 200 will continue to rise, resulting in a decrease in cooling / heating efficiency, and may even trigger an overheating protection mechanism and stop working. Therefore, a reasonably designed and efficiently operated cooling unit 60 is an important guarantee for ensuring the thermal management capability of the battery system 1.

[0078] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a heat exchange assembly 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange component 600 may include at least one of an air cooling component 610 and a liquid cooling component 620, and a heat pipe component 630. The control unit 40 selectively opens and closes the air cooling component 610, the liquid cooling component 620 and the heat pipe component 630 according to the hot and cold conditions of the second heat exchange end 202.

[0079] Specifically, the air cooling component 610 can remove heat through air flow, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, and low cost. It is suitable for occasions where the heat dissipation demand is not particularly high and the environmental conditions allow air circulation. When the second heat exchange end 202 needs to dissipate heat, the control unit 40 starts the fan or other air cooling equipment to generate air flow to remove heat from the heat dissipation fins or heat dissipation plates of the cold and hot exchange component 600.

[0080] The liquid cooling component 620 can utilize the high thermal conductivity and fluidity of the coolant to more effectively remove a large amount of heat. It is suitable for occasions with high heat dissipation requirements, compact space or high ambient temperature. When the temperature of the second heat exchange end 202 is high, the control unit 40 starts the liquid cooling pump and other equipment to circulate the coolant between the cold and heat exchange component 600 and the radiator, and transfers the heat from the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 200 to the radiator through heat exchange, and finally dissipates it into the environment.

[0081] The heat pipe assembly 630 can use the evaporation and condensation process of the working medium inside the heat pipe to achieve rapid heat transfer, and has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and fast response speed. It is suitable for local hot spots or emergency heat dissipation occasions that require efficient heat conduction. When the local temperature of the second heat exchange end 202 rises sharply, the control unit 40 can start the heat pipe assembly 630, use the phase change process of the working medium inside the heat pipe, quickly transfer the heat from the high temperature area to the low temperature area, and dissipate the heat to the environment through other heat dissipation methods (such as air cooling or liquid cooling).

[0082] The control unit 40 monitors the temperature of the second heat exchange end 202 in real time through the temperature sensor 300, and selectively opens and closes the air cooling component 610, the liquid cooling component 620 and the heat pipe component 630. This intelligent control strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual heat dissipation requirements and operating environment conditions of the battery system 1 to achieve the best thermal management effect.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, the battery system 1 may further include a battery management unit 70, which is used to detect battery parameters of the battery pack 10 and provide the battery parameters to the control unit 40 so that the control unit 40 can formulate and execute a temperature balancing strategy based on the battery parameters, wherein the battery parameters include voltage, current, remaining power and health status.

[0084] The purpose of detecting the voltage of the battery pack 10 is to ensure that the voltage value is within the normal operating range to prevent overcharging or over-discharging. Detecting the current of the battery pack 10 can monitor the current changes of the battery pack 10 during the charging and discharging process, which is used to calculate the remaining power and predict the battery life. Detecting the remaining power of the battery pack 10 can provide users with accurate power information. Detecting the health status of the battery pack 10, including parameters such as battery capacity attenuation and internal resistance increase, can predict the battery life and perform preventive maintenance.

[0085] The battery management unit 70 plays a vital role in the battery system 1. It provides strong support for the control unit 40 to formulate and implement temperature balancing strategies through comprehensive monitoring of battery parameters and timely transmission of data, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the battery system 1.

[0086] In this embodiment, the control unit 40 and the temperature regulating unit 20 control the temperature difference between the battery cells 100 in the battery pack 10 to be within a range of -1°C to 1°C, and the temperature rise of each battery cell 100 does not exceed 40°C.

[0087] By controlling the temperature difference between the battery cells 100 within the range of -1°C to 1°C, it is possible to ensure that the battery cells 100 in the battery pack 10 are in a relatively uniform working environment, thereby avoiding inconsistent performance and shortened life due to temperature differences. The temperature rise of each battery cell 100 does not exceed 40°C, which can prevent the battery cell 100 from thermal runaway or damage due to excessive temperature. At the same time, a lower temperature rise is also conducive to improving the overall efficiency and stability of the battery system 1.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, a heat conductive medium (not shown in the figure) is arranged between adjacent battery cells 100. The heat conductive medium is used to promote the transfer and balance of cold / heat between the battery cells 100 in a high temperature state and the battery cells 100 in a relatively low temperature state, and is also beneficial to saving energy consumption.

[0089] When the temperature difference between the cells 100 in the battery pack 10 is large, more energy is needed to eliminate the temperature difference in order to maintain the temperature balance of the system. The use of a heat-conducting medium can allow the heat of a high-temperature cell 100 to be quickly absorbed by an adjacent low-temperature cell 100. This efficient heat transfer mechanism reduces heat waste and loss, saving energy consumption.

[0090] The equalization of the temperature of the battery cell 100 not only prolongs the life, but also directly improves the overall performance and stability of the battery system 1. Under the condition of balanced temperature, the working state of the battery cell 100 is more consistent, the energy conversion efficiency is higher, the thermal stress problem caused by uneven temperature is reduced, and the reliability and durability of the system are improved. Due to the high efficiency and accuracy of the present invention in temperature management, the battery failure and maintenance requirements caused by abnormal temperature are greatly reduced, which not only reduces the user's maintenance cost and time cost, but also improves the overall user experience and satisfaction.

[0091] At this point, those skilled in the art should recognize that, although multiple exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications that conform to the principles of the present invention can still be directly determined or derived based on the content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all these other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A battery system with efficient thermal management capability, comprising: A battery pack, comprising a plurality of cells connected in series; A temperature regulating unit, comprising a plurality of semiconductor cooling sheets corresponding to each of the battery cells, wherein the semiconductor cooling sheets have a first heat exchange end and a second heat exchange end, wherein the first heat exchange end is in direct / indirect contact with the battery cell to regulate the temperature of the battery cell; A temperature acquisition unit, used to monitor the temperature data of each battery cell in real time and transmit the monitored temperature data to a control unit; as well as The control unit is used to receive the temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit, and control the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor refrigeration chip according to a preset temperature balance strategy to maintain the temperature of all the battery cells within a set balance range.

2. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 1, further comprising: The circuit integrated unit includes a plurality of switching circuits corresponding to each of the semiconductor refrigeration chips one by one, and is used to independently receive control instructions from the control unit and maintain / change the direction of the current flowing through the corresponding semiconductor refrigeration chip according to the control instructions.

3. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 2, wherein: The commutation circuit includes a first wire, a second wire, a first switch and a second switch, the first wire is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second wire is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the semiconductor cooling sheet has a first electrode and a second electrode; When the control instruction is a cooling instruction, the first electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell through the first switch and the first wire, and the second electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell through the second switch and the second wire; When the control instruction is a heating instruction, the first electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell through the first switch and the second wire, and the second electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell through the second switch and the first wire.

4. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 2, wherein the circuit integration unit further comprises: An ambient temperature detection circuit, used to detect the ambient temperature of the battery pack; and A battery cell temperature calculation circuit is used to receive the temperature data of each battery cell transmitted by the temperature acquisition unit, and calculate the temperature dispersion difference between the battery cells based on the temperature data; The control unit is also used to receive data input from the ambient temperature detection circuit and the battery cell temperature calculation circuit, and dynamically adjust the cooling / heating mode of each semiconductor refrigeration plate in combination with the charge and discharge plan of the battery pack and the expected heat generation.

5. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 1, further comprising: The cooling unit includes a plurality of heat exchange components connected to the second heat exchange end of each semiconductor refrigeration plate, and is used to dissipate the cold / heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration plate into the environment to maintain the working efficiency of the semiconductor refrigeration plate.

6. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 5, wherein: The heat exchange component includes at least one of an air cooling component and a liquid cooling component, and a heat pipe component. The control unit selectively opens and closes the air cooling component, the liquid cooling component and the heat pipe component according to the heat and cold conditions of the second heat exchange end.

7. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 1, further comprising: A battery management unit is used to detect battery parameters of the battery pack and provide the battery parameters to the control unit so that the control unit can formulate and execute the temperature balancing strategy according to the battery parameters, wherein the battery parameters include voltage, current, remaining power and health status.

8. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 7, wherein: The control unit and the temperature regulating unit control the temperature difference between the battery cells in the battery pack to be within a range of -1°C to 1°C, and the temperature rise of each battery cell does not exceed 40°C.

9. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 1, wherein: A heat-conducting medium is arranged between adjacent battery cells, and the heat-conducting medium is used to promote the transfer and balance of cold / heat between the battery cells in a high-temperature state and the battery cells in a relatively low-temperature state.

10. The battery system with efficient thermal management capability according to claim 1, wherein: The semiconductor refrigeration plate includes two conductive layers, two insulating layers, a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. The two conductive layers are arranged at intervals from each other, the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor are alternately distributed between the two conductive layers, and the two insulating layers are correspondingly arranged on the outside of the two conductive layers.

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