Fully polarized antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully-polarized antenna, and belongs to the technical field of phased-array antennas. Comprising an upper-layer patch L1, a first dielectric layer is arranged on one side of the upper-layer patch L1, a lower-layer patch L2 is arranged on the side, away from the upper-layer patch L1, of the first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the face, away from the first dielectric layer, of the lower-layer patch L2, and a GND layer L3 is arranged on the face, away from the lower-layer patch L2, of the second dielectric layer; the fully-polarized antenna is further provided with a first antenna feed pin and a second antenna feed pin, and the first antenna feed pin and the second antenna feed pin are excited through any linear polarization method to form any linear polarization electromagnetic waves. Compared with a scheme that any linear polarization is realized by adopting a 90-degree bridge, the antenna mode adopted by the invention has the advantages that the energy loss is smaller, the antenna gain can be improved by about 1dB, only three antenna lamination layers are arranged, and compared with a traditional scheme, the processing difficulty is smaller, the processing period is shorter, and the cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phased array antennas, and in particular to a fully polarized antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the field of high-orbit satellite communications, the polarization mode of phased array antennas is required to be arbitrary linear polarization. At present, the industry usually adopts the 90-degree bridge method to achieve arbitrary linear polarization. When using this kind of antenna with a microstrip line bridge, some energy will be lost when the signal passes through the 90-degree bridge. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a fully polarized antenna.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a fully polarized antenna, comprising an upper patch L1, a first dielectric layer is arranged on one side of the upper patch L1, a lower patch L2 is arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the upper patch L1, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the side of the lower patch L2 away from the first dielectric layer, and a GND layer L3 is arranged on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the lower patch L2; the fully polarized antenna is also provided with a first antenna feed needle and a second antenna feed needle, and the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle are excited by an arbitrary linear polarization method to form an arbitrary linear polarization electromagnetic wave.

[0005] Preferably, a grounding through hole is further provided, and the grounding through hole passes through the upper patch L1, the first dielectric layer, the lower patch L2, the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3.

[0006] Preferably, the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle penetrate the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3 and are connected to the lower patch L2.

[0007] Preferably, the arbitrary linear polarization method includes the following steps: exciting the electromagnetic wave to the first antenna feed needle to form a left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; exciting the electromagnetic wave to the second antenna feed needle to form a right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; synthesizing a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave by the left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; and obtaining an arbitrarily polarized electromagnetic wave by adjusting the phase difference between the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle through controlling the phase shifter.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) Compared with the solution of using a 90-degree bridge to achieve arbitrary linear polarization, the antenna form used in the present invention has smaller energy loss and can increase the antenna gain by about 1dB.

[0009] 2) By combining direct feeding with a corner-cut radiating patch to form a linearly polarized antenna, any linear polarization can be formed by adjusting the phase difference between the two feeding points using a phase shifter.

[0010] 3) The antenna of the present invention has only three layers, which is less difficult to process, has a shorter processing cycle and lower costs than traditional solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the fully polarized antenna; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of arbitrary linear polarization; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the fully polarized antenna stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fully polarized antenna, comprising an upper patch L1, a first dielectric layer is arranged on one side of the upper patch L1, a lower patch L2 is arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the upper patch L1, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the side of the lower patch L2 away from the first dielectric layer, and a GND layer L3 is arranged on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the lower patch L2; the fully polarized antenna is also provided with a first antenna feed needle and a second antenna feed needle, and the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle are excited by an arbitrary linear polarization method to form an arbitrary linear polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0014] In this embodiment, the fully polarized antenna takes the form of a linearly polarized antenna that combines direct feeding and a cut-angle radiation patch, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electromagnetic wave excited to the first antenna feed pin 1 can form a right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave excited to the second antenna feed pin 2 can form a left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the two are combined in space to form a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. The relationship between the antenna polarization mode and whether the signal is excited between the feed pins is shown in Table 1. When only the first antenna feed pin 1 is excited by a signal, it is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, and when only the second antenna feed pin 2 is excited by a signal, it is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna. When the two feed pins are excited by signals at the same time and the phase difference between the two feeding points is adjusted by controlling the phase shifter, the desired arbitrary linear polarization can be formed. Its schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2 As shown. Figure 3 As shown, the antenna includes an upper patch L1, a lower patch L2 and a GND layer, and a first antenna feed needle and a second antenna feed needle penetrate the second dielectric layer, the GND layer L3 and are connected to the lower patch L2.

[0015] Table 1 Relationship between excitation and antenna polarization In some embodiments, a ground through hole is further provided, and the ground through hole passes through the upper patch L1, the first dielectric layer, the lower patch L2, the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle penetrate the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3 and are connected to the lower patch L2.

[0017] In some embodiments, the arbitrary linear polarization method includes the following steps: exciting electromagnetic waves to the first antenna feed needle to form left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; exciting electromagnetic waves to the second antenna feed needle to form right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; synthesizing linearly polarized electromagnetic waves by left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves and right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; and obtaining arbitrary polarized electromagnetic waves by controlling the phase shifter to adjust the phase difference between the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle.

[0018] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully polarized antenna, characterized in that: It includes an upper patch L1, a first dielectric layer is arranged on one side of the upper patch L1, a lower patch L2 is arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the upper patch L1, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the side of the lower patch L2 away from the first dielectric layer, and a GND layer L3 is arranged on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the lower patch L2; the fully polarized antenna is also provided with a first antenna feed needle and a second antenna feed needle, and the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle are excited by an arbitrary linear polarization method to form an arbitrary linear polarization electromagnetic wave.

2. The fully polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grounding through hole is also provided, and the grounding through hole passes through the upper patch L1, the first dielectric layer, the lower patch L2, the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3.

3. The fully polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle penetrate the second dielectric layer and the GND layer L3 and are connected to the lower patch L2.

4. The fully polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arbitrary linear polarization method comprises the following steps: exciting electromagnetic waves to the first antenna feed needle to form left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; exciting electromagnetic waves to the second antenna feed needle to form right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; synthesizing linearly polarized electromagnetic waves by left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves and right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; and obtaining arbitrary polarized electromagnetic waves by controlling a phase shifter to adjust the phase difference between the first antenna feed needle and the second antenna feed needle.

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