Prestressed damping support

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge structure engineering, in particular to a prestressed damping support which comprises a first anchor plate, a first support plate is slidably connected to the first anchor plate, speed locks are fixedly mounted on the two transverse sides of the first anchor plate correspondingly, and the speed locks are located between two clamping arms of the first support plate; the speed locker is used for limiting the movement of the first support plate; one end of each connecting rod is hinged to the corresponding clamping arm, the other end of each connecting rod is hinged to a damping rod, and the two ends of each damping rod are hinged to the different connecting rods respectively; the connecting rod and the damping rod are used for connecting the two transverse sides of the first anchorage plate with the speed locking devices in series; and the damping rod is fixed on the first anchorage plate through a damping rod seat. According to the pre-stress damping support, the multiple speed locking devices are connected in series through the connecting rods and the damping rods, and dual control over the speed and displacement of the support is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge structure engineering, and in particular to a prestressed damping bearing. Background Art

[0002] When the temperature joint length of high-speed railway concrete beam is greater than 200m and the temperature joint length of steel beam is greater than 120m, rail expansion regulators need to be installed according to the requirements of track force. However, the problems of rail expansion regulators in engineering applications include but are not limited to:

[0003] 1. The requirements for the horizontal and vertical surfaces of the line are high, and the bridges on curves and large longitudinal slope sections (>6‰) cannot be equipped with rail expansion adjusters;

[0004] 2. High construction cost, about 1 to 1.2 million per line;

[0005] 3. The service life is only 20 years. The bridge needs to be replaced 5 to 6 times within the 100-year service life, and the cost of the whole life cycle is high;

[0006] 4. It affects the smoothness of the line and requires a lot of maintenance work.

[0007] Therefore, the rail expansion adjuster needs to be cancelled, and the bridge needs to be constructed as a symmetrical constraint system. The entire bridge adopts longitudinal movable supports, and the center of the bridge is set as the displacement "zero point". Under normal operation, the structural system remains stable, the entire bridge has sufficient longitudinal horizontal stiffness, and the static friction of the supports is sufficient to overcome the braking force of the train on the bridge and keep the supports without displacement. Under the action of temperature, the beam body expands and contracts symmetrically. Under the action of elastic constraints on both sides, the beam body expands and contracts freely and symmetrically from the middle of the span to both sides, and the temperature expansion zero point is locked in the middle of the span. Under the action of earthquakes, multiple main piers are jointly stressed, and the entire bridge cooperates in earthquake resistance.

[0008] At present, there are few studies on bearings with the concept of symmetrical constraint systems. For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN113832841A discloses a longitudinal elastic constraint multifunctional seismic isolation bearing, which adopts a spherical steel bearing and a high-rigidity disc spring structure symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle seat plate to achieve the effect of symmetrical deformation of the auxiliary structure and balanced deformation of the structure under periodic temperature. However, due to the small displacement and stiffness that the disc spring can provide, it is difficult to meet the displacement requirements of the bridge. At the same time, due to the limited stiffness of the disc spring, the entire bridge bearing is in a floating state in the longitudinal direction, which cannot effectively prevent sudden impacts such as earthquakes and improve the stress of the bridge piers. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the existing bearings with the concept of symmetrical constraint system, whose speed locker is independently set and cannot effectively prevent sudden impacts such as earthquakes and improve the insufficiency of bridge pier stress, and to provide a prestressed damping bearing.

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a prestressed damping bearing, comprising a first anchoring plate, a first support plate being slidably connected to the first anchoring plate, speed lockers being fixedly installed on both lateral sides of the first anchoring plate, the speed lockers being located between two clamping arms of the first support plate; the speed lockers are used to limit the movement of the first support plate;

[0011] A connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the clamping arm, and the other end of which is hinged to the damping rod, and both ends of the damping rod are respectively hinged to different connecting rods; the connecting rod and the damping rod connect the speed lockers on both sides of the first anchor plate in series; the damping rod is fixed to the first anchor plate through a damping rod seat.

[0012] The prestressed damping bearing provided by the present invention connects a plurality of speed lockers in series through a connecting rod and a damping rod, thereby realizing dual control of the speed and displacement of the bearing. In the case of an earthquake or other impact, the speed locker can effectively limit the rapid movement of the bearing plate to prevent structural instability or damage caused by sudden displacement. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the damping rod, and the other end is connected to the speed locker, which is in turn connected to the first bearing plate. The connecting rod can well transmit the displacement of the bearing plate and act on the damping rod. The damping rod is fixed to the first anchor plate through the damping rod seat, and can directly control and limit the displacement of the bearing plate when the connecting rod transmits the displacement. In this way, the damping rod limits the displacement range of the bearing plate, and together with the speed locker, provides dual control of speed and displacement, forming synchronous control of speed and displacement. This dual control function greatly improves the stability and response capability of the bearing in sudden events such as earthquakes, effectively prevents sudden impacts such as earthquakes, and improves the stress of the bridge piers.

[0013] Preferably, the damping rod comprises a rod body and a lever arm, the lever arm is located at an end of the rod body, and the rod body and the lever arm are an integrally formed structure or a separate structure.

[0014] With this arrangement, the lever arm is located at the end of the rod body, forming a moment arm, which can more effectively transfer the displacement force of the bearing plate to the damping rod, so that the damping rod can more effectively exert its damping function when subjected to force, absorb and dissipate more energy, and thus improve the displacement control ability of the bearing. The rod body and lever arm of the one-piece structure have no seams or connecting parts between the rod body and the lever arm. The overall structure is tighter and has higher rigidity. It can more effectively transfer and disperse the externally applied force, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the overall stability of the bearing. The split structure of the rod body and lever arm allows different materials or heat treatment processes to be used in different parts to optimize the mechanical properties of each part, thereby improving the stiffness and stability of the bearing as a whole.

[0015] Preferably, the lever arm is a Z-shaped structure.

[0016] With this setting, the design of the damping rod is equivalent to a torsion bar. The Z-shaped lever arm can change the direction of force. The rotational stiffness of the damping rod is converted into the linear stiffness of the lower bearing plate through the connecting rod, and a reaction force is applied to the displacement direction of the first bearing plate. It can absorb and dissipate the energy of the bridge structure under dynamic load in a larger range, reduce the impact on the bearing, and improve the durability of the bridge.

[0017] Preferably, the connecting rods are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the speed locker, and the connecting rods are staggered along the length direction of the damping rod.

[0018] With this arrangement, the connecting rod is symmetrically arranged along the length of the speed locker, ensuring that the forces on both sides of the connecting rod are balanced when the first bearing plate is horizontally displaced. This symmetrical arrangement enables the speed locker to evenly distribute and transmit the force from the first bearing plate, preventing structural deformation or instability caused by excessive force on one side, and ensuring that the entire bearing system maintains a good force balance during horizontal displacement;

[0019] The connecting rods are arranged in an up-down offset along the length of the damping rod. For example, when the upper connecting rod pushes the lever arm to the left, it applies a left-handed torque to the rod body; at the same time, the lower connecting rod also pushes the lever arm to the left, but due to its up-down offset arrangement, this force applies a right-handed torque to the rod body. These two torques in opposite directions act on the rod body, forming a mutually balancing force. The up-down offset connecting rods apply torques in opposite directions, so that the rod body can distribute the torque more evenly when bearing force, thereby enhancing the overall torsional stiffness and better converting the rotational stiffness of the damping rod into the linear stiffness of the lower support plate, so that when the first support plate is horizontally displaced, both the force balance and the horizontal stiffness are doubled, improving the dynamic response capability and overall stability of the support system.

[0020] Preferably, the torsion angle of the damping rod is 10° to 20°.

[0021] The torsion angle of the damping rod is set within the range of 10° to 20°, and the corresponding displacement can be adjusted by the length of the connecting rod and the length of the lever arm, which can provide moderate flexibility while maintaining sufficient rigidity. This means that the damping rod can effectively resist excessive torsion caused by external forces, and can also undergo elastic deformation within a moderate range to absorb and buffer impact energy.

[0022] Preferably, the damping rod is made of alloy steel or polymer synthetic material.

[0023] Preferably, the stiffness θ value of the damping rod is 7° to 10° per meter.

[0024] Setting the stiffness θ value to 7° to 10° per meter means that the damping rod has a certain torsional stiffness per unit length. This stiffness range provides the damping rod with moderate rigidity, enabling it to provide sufficient support when bearing external loads, while also having a certain degree of flexibility, enabling it to undergo moderate elastic deformation and absorb energy when necessary.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes a second support plate, which is arranged opposite to the first support plate, a spherical crown lining plate is arranged between the second support plate and the first support plate, a first wear-resistant plate is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate and the second support plate, a second wear-resistant plate is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate and the first support plate, and a third wear-resistant plate is arranged between the first support plate and the first anchor plate; a second anchor rod is arranged on the side of the second support plate facing away from the spherical crown lining plate, and a first anchor rod is arranged on the side of the first anchor plate facing away from the spherical crown lining plate.

[0026] With this setting, the setting of the spherical cap lining allows multi-directional rotation and tilting between the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, which can adapt to the displacement and deformation of the bridge in different directions, and well deal with the multi-directional deformation of the bridge caused by temperature changes, load changes or earthquakes, etc., to ensure the adaptability and stability of the bearing system. The wear-resistant plates are set between each key contact surface, which can effectively reduce the wear between the bearing plate, anchor plate and spherical cap lining, and extend the service life of the bearing system.

[0027] Preferably, it further comprises a limiting component, wherein the limiting component is mounted on the first anchoring plate, and the limiting component is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first supporting plate along the longitudinal direction.

[0028] With this setting, the setting of the limit component can effectively limit the excessive displacement of the first bearing plate in the longitudinal direction, and prevent the bearing plate from moving beyond the design range due to external force. When the bridge deforms due to temperature changes, the distance between the limit component and the first bearing plate can absorb the deformation of the bridge, ensuring that the bridge deforms evenly from the mid-span to both sides under the action of temperature, and locking the temperature expansion zero point of the bridge at the mid-span position.

[0029] Preferably, the first anchoring plate is provided with a guide rail, and the first supporting plate is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion can be inserted into the guide rail and move along the extension direction of the guide rail.

[0030] With this arrangement, the protrusion is embedded in the guide rail and can only move along the extension direction of the guide rail, ensuring that the first support plate moves along a predetermined trajectory when moving horizontally. This precise guiding effectively prevents the support plate from deflecting or swinging irregularly during movement, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the support system.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The prestressed damping bearing provided by the present invention connects multiple speed lockers in series through connecting rods and damping rods, thereby realizing dual control of the speed and displacement of the bearing;

[0033] 2. The prestressed damping bearing provided by the present invention can effectively limit the rapid movement of the bearing plate through the speed locker in the event of an earthquake or other impact, thereby preventing structural instability or damage caused by sudden displacement. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the damping rod, and the other end is connected to the speed locker, which is in turn connected to the first bearing plate. The connecting rod can well transmit the displacement of the bearing plate and act on the damping rod. The damping rod is fixed to the first anchor plate through the damping rod seat, which can directly control and limit the displacement of the bearing plate when the connecting rod transmits the displacement;

[0034] 3. The prestressed damping bearing provided by the present invention has a damping rod that limits the displacement range of the bearing plate and, together with the speed locker, provides dual control of speed and displacement, forming synchronous control of speed and displacement. This dual control function greatly improves the stability and responsiveness of the bearing in sudden events such as earthquakes, effectively prevents sudden impacts such as earthquakes, and improves the stress on the bridge piers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the prestressed damping bearing structure.

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the facade structure of the prestressed damping bearing.

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the side structure of the prestressed damping bearing.

[0038] Figure 4 Top view of the prestressed damping bearing.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Section view along AA direction.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along BB direction.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first anchor plate structure.

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the second support plate structure.

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting component.

[0044] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the first support plate structure.

[0045] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the damping rod with split structure.

[0046] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the damping rod with an integrally formed structure.

[0047] Markings in the figure:

[0048] 11-first anchor plate, 12-first support plate, 121-clamp arm, 122-bump, 13-speed locker, 14-first anchor rod, 15-guide rail, 21-connecting rod, 22-damping rod, 221-rod body, 222-arm rod, 23-damping rod seat, 31-second support plate, 32-second anchor rod, 4-spherical crown lining, 51-first wear-resistant plate, 52-second wear-resistant plate, 53-third wear-resistant plate, 61-limiting component, 611-limiting block, 612-sheath plate, 613-adjusting pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all based on the expression of the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0051] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0053] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0054] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a prestressed damping bearing, which is a bearing with a symmetrical constraint system concept and can be installed between the beam and pier of the bridge to achieve free and symmetrical expansion and contraction deformation of the beam from the middle span to both sides, so that the temperature expansion zero point is locked in the middle span.

[0057] The prestressed damping bearing provided in this embodiment includes a first anchoring plate 11, and a first bearing plate 12 is slidably connected to the first anchoring plate 11. Specifically, Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.10As shown, the first anchor plate 11 is provided with a guide rail 15, and the guide rail 15 can be as follows Figure 1 As shown in the strip groove extending in the longitudinal direction, the extension direction of the guide rail 15 can be parallel to the extension direction of the speed lock 13. Correspondingly, the first support plate 12 is provided with a protrusion 122, which can be a strip protrusion extending in the longitudinal direction. The protrusion 122 can be inserted into the guide rail 15. When the first anchor plate 11 and the first support plate 12 slide relative to each other, the protrusion 122 can move in the longitudinal direction under the guidance of the guide rail 15.

[0058] It can be foreseen that the specific positions of the protrusion 122 and the corresponding guide rail 15 are not limited. For example, the guide rail 15 can be set in the middle of the first anchor plate 11, or on both sides of the first anchor plate 11. The number of guide rails 15 can be one, two or more.

[0059] The protrusion 122 is embedded in the guide rail 15 and can only move along the extension direction of the guide rail 15, ensuring that the first support plate 12 moves along a predetermined trajectory when moving horizontally. This precise guidance effectively prevents the first support plate 12 from deflecting or swinging irregularly during movement, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the support system.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the speed locker 13 is fixedly installed on both lateral sides of the first anchor plate 11. The speed locker 13 can be symmetrically installed on both lateral sides of the first anchor plate 11. Specifically, the cylinder body of the speed locker 13 can be fixed to the first anchor plate 11 by bolts. The speed locker 13 can use a bridge viscous damper speed locker.

[0061] The speed locker 13 is located between the two clamping arms 121 of the first support plate 12; specifically, Figure 1 , Fig.10 As shown, the first support plate 12 can be symmetrically provided with four clamping arms 121 along the transverse direction. Since the speed locker 13 can be symmetrically installed on both transverse sides of the first anchor plate 11, one speed locker 13 can be installed between two clamping arms 121 on one side of the first support plate 12, and the second speed locker 13 can be installed between two clamping arms 121 on the other side of the first support plate 12.

[0062] like Figure 2As shown, the speed locker 13 has a piston rod on each of the left and right sides along the longitudinal direction, and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the clamping arms 121 on both sides of the speed locker 13, so that the piston rod can move with the first support plate 12, and the piston rod can move relative to the cylinder of the speed locker 13. Therefore, when the first support plate 12 moves horizontally relative to the first anchor plate 11, the clamping arm 121 will push the piston rod to move relative to the cylinder. Under normal working conditions, such as the expansion and contraction of the bridge caused by temperature changes, the horizontal sliding of the first support plate 12 relative to the first anchor plate 11 is relatively slow and gentle, and the piston rod moves relative to the cylinder accordingly; when the structure is impacted by external loads (such as wind, earthquake, etc.), the piston rod has a tendency to move rapidly relative to the cylinder. The speed locker 13 is locked to limit the movement of the first support plate 12.

[0063] The prestressed damping support provided in this embodiment further includes a connecting rod 21, such as Figure 2 As shown, one end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to the clamp arm 121 through a hinge seat, and the other end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to the damping rod 22, and the two ends of the damping rod 22 are respectively hinged to different connecting rods 21; Figure 4 As shown, in clockwise direction, the right half is first connected with the upper right connecting rod 21 and the right damping rod 22, then the right damping rod 22 and the lower right connecting rod 21, then the lower left connecting rod 21 and the left damping rod 22, and then the left damping rod 22 and the upper left connecting rod 21. The damping rod 22 is fixed to the first anchor plate 11 through the damping rod seat 23, and the connecting rod 21 and the damping rod 22 connect the speed lockers 13 on both sides of the first anchor plate 11 in series, for example, to form an approximately rectangular frame.

[0064] The prestressed damping bearing provided in this embodiment connects multiple speed lockers 13 in series through a connecting rod 21 and a damping rod 22, thereby realizing dual control of the speed and displacement of the bearing. When installing the prestressed damping bearing, initial stress can be introduced in the damping rod 22 in advance, so that the structure is in a strong equilibrium state before being subjected to force. This design can prevent the bearing from suddenly deforming when subjected to external force, and ensure the initial stability of the structure. In the event of an earthquake or other impact, the speed locker 13 can effectively limit the rapid movement of the bearing plate to prevent structural instability or damage caused by sudden displacement. One end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to the damping rod 22, and the other end is connected to the speed locker 13, and the speed locker 13 is connected to the first bearing plate 12. The connecting rod 21 can well transmit the displacement of the bearing plate and act on the damping rod 22. The damping rod 22 is fixed to the first anchor plate 11 through the damping rod seat 23, and can directly control and limit the displacement of the bearing plate when the connecting rod 21 transmits displacement, so that the bearing provides a larger displacement and stiffness, limits the sliding of the first bearing plate 12, and improves the longitudinal constraint stiffness of the bearing and the bridge. In this way, the damping rod 22 limits the displacement range of the bearing plate, and together with the speed lock 13, provides dual control of speed and displacement, forming synchronous control of speed and displacement. This dual control function greatly improves the stability and response capability of the bearing in sudden events such as earthquakes, effectively prevents sudden impacts such as earthquakes, and improves the stress of the bridge pier.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Based on the first embodiment, the damping rod 22 is further described in this embodiment.

[0067] In this embodiment, the damping rod 22 includes a rod body 221 and a lever arm 222, wherein the lever arm 222 is located at the end of the rod body 221. Preferably, there are two lever arm 222, and the two lever arm 222 are respectively located at the two ends of the rod body 221. With this arrangement, the lever arm 222 is located at the end of the rod body 221, forming a moment arm, which can more effectively transmit the displacement force of the bearing plate to the damping rod 22, so that the damping rod 22 can more effectively exert its damping function when subjected to force, absorb and dissipate more energy, thereby improving the displacement control capability of the bearing.

[0068] Further, such as Figure 3 , 11 , 12. The lever arm 222 may be a Z-shaped structure (or an S-shaped structure), one end of the Z-shaped lever arm 222 is a free end, and the end is used to be hinged with the connecting rod 21; one end of the Z-shaped lever arm 222 is connected to the rod body 221, and the rod body 221 is a rod-shaped structure, as shown in FIG. Fig.12As shown, the rod body 221 can be integrally formed with the lever arm 222, and there is no seam or connection between the rod body 221 and the lever arm 222. The overall structure is more compact and has higher rigidity, which can more effectively transmit and disperse the externally applied force, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the overall stability of the support; Fig.11 As shown, the rod body 221 and the lever arm 222 may be a separate structure. The separate structure of the rod body 221 and the lever arm 222 allows different materials or heat treatment processes to be used in different parts to optimize the mechanical properties of each part, thereby improving the stiffness and stability of the support as a whole.

[0069] The lever arm 222 is set to a Z-shaped structure, so that the design of the damping rod 22 is equivalent to a torsion bar. The lever arm 222 with a Z-shaped structure can change the direction of force, and convert the rotational stiffness of the damping rod 22 into the linear stiffness of the first bearing plate 12 through the connecting rod 21, and apply a reaction force to the displacement direction of the first bearing plate 12. It can absorb and dissipate the energy of the bridge structure under dynamic load in a larger range, reduce the impact on the bearing, and improve the durability of the bridge.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Based on the second embodiment, this embodiment further illustrates the connection position between the connecting rod 21 and the damping rod 22 .

[0072] In this embodiment, the connecting rods 21 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the speed lock 13. For example, Figure 2 As shown, the connecting rod 21 is symmetrically arranged with the speed lock 13 in the longitudinal direction. The connecting rod 21 is staggered along the length direction of the damping rod 22, for example, Figure 3 As shown, the free end of the upper right portion of one lever arm 222 connected to the same damping rod 22 is hinged to a connecting rod 21, and the free end of the lower left portion of the second lever arm 222 connected to the same damping rod 22 is hinged to another connecting rod 21, that is, Figure 3 As shown in the horizontal direction, the connecting rod 21 is staggered up and down.

[0073] With this arrangement, the connecting rod 21 is symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the speed locker 13, ensuring that when the first support plate 12 is horizontally displaced, the forces on both sides of the connecting rod 21 are balanced. This symmetrical arrangement enables the speed locker 13 to evenly distribute and transmit the force from the first support plate 12, preventing structural deformation or instability caused by excessive force on one side, and ensuring that the entire support system maintains a good force balance during horizontal displacement;

[0074] The connecting rod 21 is staggered up and down along the length direction of the damping rod 22. For example, when the upper connecting rod 21 pushes the lever arm 222 to the left, it will apply a left-handed torque to the rod body 221; at the same time, the lower connecting rod 21 also pushes the lever arm 222 to the left, but due to its staggered arrangement, this force will apply a right-handed torque to the rod body 221. These two torques in opposite directions act on the rod body 221, forming a mutually balancing force. The staggered connecting rods 21 apply torques in opposite directions, so that the rod body 221 can distribute the torque more evenly when bearing force, thereby enhancing the overall torsional stiffness and better converting the rotational stiffness of the damping rod 22 into the linear stiffness of the first support plate 12, so that when the first support plate 12 is horizontally displaced, both the force balance and the horizontal stiffness are doubled, thereby improving the dynamic response capability and overall stability of the support system.

[0075] Preferably, the torsion angle of the damping rod 22 is 10° to 20°. By setting the torsion angle of the damping rod 22 within the range of 10° to 20°, the corresponding displacement can be adjusted by the length of the connecting rod 21 and the length of the lever arm 222, which can provide appropriate flexibility while maintaining sufficient rigidity. This means that the damping rod 22 can effectively resist excessive torsion caused by external forces, and can also undergo elastic deformation within a moderate range to absorb and buffer impact energy.

[0076] Preferably, the damping rod 22 is made of alloy steel or polymer synthetic material. Alloy steel has high strength, high hardness and good toughness, can withstand large torsion and impact forces, and has excellent wear resistance. This allows the damping rod 22 to maintain stable performance during long-term use, reduces performance degradation caused by fatigue or wear, and extends the service life of the support. Specific examples may be 40CrNiMoA alloy steel, 42CrMo alloy steel or AISI 4340 alloy steel.

[0077] Polymer synthetic materials usually have a lower density, so the damping rod 22 is relatively lighter, reducing the total weight of the support system. This material also has good corrosion resistance and can maintain excellent performance in various harsh environments. It is particularly suitable for use in structures such as bridges that are exposed to the natural environment for a long time. Specific examples include polyamide (nylon, PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or carbon fiber reinforced composite material (CFRP).

[0078] Preferably, the stiffness θ of the damping rod 22 is 7° to 10° per meter.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] On the basis of the prestressed damping bearing provided in any one of Examples 1-3, the prestressed damping bearing provided in this embodiment also includes a second bearing plate 31, the second bearing plate 31 is arranged opposite to the first bearing plate 12, a spherical crown lining plate 4 is arranged between the second bearing plate 31 and the first bearing plate 12, a first wear-resistant plate 51 is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate 4 and the second bearing plate 31, a second wear-resistant plate 52 is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate 4 and the first bearing plate 12, and a third wear-resistant plate 53 is arranged between the first bearing plate 12 and the first anchor plate 11; a second anchor rod 32 is arranged on the side of the second bearing plate 31 facing away from the spherical crown lining plate 4, and a first anchor rod 14 is arranged on the side of the first anchor plate 11 facing away from the spherical crown lining plate 4.

[0081] Specifically, Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the second anchor rod 32 can be fixedly connected to the second support plate 31 by bolts, and the second support plate 31 serves as an upper support plate. The first anchor rod 14 can be fixedly connected to the first anchor plate 11 by bolts, and the first anchor plate 11 serves as a lower anchor plate. When in use, the second anchor rod 32 and the first anchor rod 14 are fixedly connected to the beam body and the pier body respectively, and the prestressed damping bearing is fixed between the beam body and the pier body.

[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, the lower end surface of the second support plate 31 can be a concave arc surface, and the upper end surface of the corresponding spherical cap lining plate 4 is a convex arc surface, the concave arc surface and the convex arc surface form an arc surface matching each other, and the first wear-resistant plate 51 can be a spherical wear-resistant plate. The lower end surface of the spherical cap lining plate 4 and the first support plate 12 are plane matched, the second wear-resistant plate 52 can be a plane wear-resistant plate, and the third wear-resistant plate 53 between the first support plate 12 and the first anchor plate 11 can also be a plane wear-resistant plate.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first wear-resistant plate 51, the second wear-resistant plate 52, and the third wear-resistant plate 53 can be wear-resistant plates commonly used in industrial production, such as stainless steel wear-resistant plates and UHMWPE wear-resistant plates.

[0084] With this arrangement, the arrangement of the spherical cap lining plate 4 allows the first bearing plate 12 and the second bearing plate 31 to achieve multi-directional rotation and tilting, which can adapt to the displacement and deformation of the bridge in different directions, and well cope with the multi-directional deformation of the bridge caused by temperature changes, load changes or earthquakes, etc., to ensure the adaptability and stability of the bearing system. The wear-resistant plates are arranged between each key contact surface, which can effectively reduce the wear between the bearing plate, the anchor plate and the spherical cap lining plate, and extend the service life of the bearing system.

[0085] Furthermore, the prestressed damping bearing also includes a limiting component 61 , which is mounted on the first anchoring plate 11 , and the limiting component 61 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first bearing plate 12 along the longitudinal direction.

[0086] Specifically, Figure 4 The diagram shows a situation where four limiting components 61 are provided. The limiting components 61 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the first support plate 12 along the longitudinal direction to limit the sliding distance of the first support plate 12 along the longitudinal direction.

[0087] like Fig. 9 As shown, the limiting component 61 may specifically include a limiting block 611, which is fixedly mounted on the first anchor plate 11, a sheath plate 612 is sleeved on the outer side of the limiting block 611, an adjustment pad 613 may be filled between the limiting blocks 611 and the limiting blocks 611, and the limiting blocks 611, the limiting blocks 611 and the adjustment pad 613 are fixedly connected by positioning bolts.

[0088] With this arrangement, the setting of the limiting component 61 can effectively limit the excessive longitudinal displacement of the first support plate 12, and prevent the first support plate 12 from moving beyond the design range due to external force. When the bridge is deformed due to temperature changes, the distance between the limiting component 61 and the first support plate 12 can absorb the deformation of the bridge, ensuring that the bridge deforms evenly from the mid-span to both sides under the action of temperature, and locking the temperature expansion zero point of the bridge at the mid-span position.

[0089] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prestressed damping bearing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first anchoring plate (11), a first support plate (12) being slidably connected to the first anchoring plate (11), speed lockers (13) being fixedly installed on both lateral sides of the first anchoring plate (11), the speed lockers (13) being located between two clamping arms (121) of the first support plate (12); the speed lockers (13) are used to limit the movement of the first support plate (12); A connecting rod (21), one end of the connecting rod (21) is hinged to the clamping arm (121), the other end of the connecting rod (21) is hinged to a damping rod (22), and the two ends of the damping rod (22) are respectively hinged to different connecting rods (21); the connecting rod (21) and the damping rod (22) connect the speed lockers (13) on both sides of the first anchoring plate (11) in series; the damping rod (22) is fixed to the first anchoring plate (11) via a damping rod seat (23).

2. A prestressed damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping rod (22) comprises a rod body (221) and a lever arm (222); the lever arm (222) is located at the end of the rod body (221); the rod body (221) and the lever arm (222) are an integrally formed structure or a split structure.

3. A prestressed damping bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The force arm (222) is a Z-shaped structure.

4. A prestressed damping bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rods (21) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the speed locker (13), and the connecting rods (21) are staggeredly arranged along the length direction of the damping rod (22).

5. A prestressed damping bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torsion angle of the damping rod (22) is 10° to 20°.

6. The prestressed damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping rod (22) is made of alloy steel or polymer synthetic material.

7. The prestressed damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stiffness θ value of the damping rod (22) is 7° to 10° per meter.

8. The prestressed damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second support plate (31), the second support plate (31) is arranged opposite to the first support plate (12), a spherical crown lining plate (4) is arranged between the second support plate (31) and the first support plate (12), a first wear-resistant plate (51) is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate (4) and the second support plate (31), a second wear-resistant plate (52) is arranged between the spherical crown lining plate (4) and the first support plate (12), and a third wear-resistant plate (53) is arranged between the first support plate (12) and the first anchor plate (11); a second anchor rod (32) is arranged on the side of the second support plate (31) facing away from the spherical crown lining plate (4), and a first anchor rod (14) is arranged on the side of the first anchor plate (11) facing away from the spherical crown lining plate (4).

9. The prestressed damping bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a limiting component (61), wherein the limiting component (61) is mounted on the first anchoring plate (11), and the limiting component (61) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first support plate (12) along the longitudinal direction.

10. The prestressed damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first anchoring plate (11) is provided with a guide rail (15), and the first support plate (12) is provided with a protrusion (122), wherein the protrusion (122) can be inserted into the guide rail (15) and move along the extension direction of the guide rail (15).

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