The invention discloses a braking device adopting a magnet brake to realize a vehicle locking prevention function and a control method. An oil return solenoid valve, an oil inlet solenoid valve, a braking pipeline pressure sensor, a wheel speed sensor and a braking pedal position sensor are connected with an integrated control unit through wire harnesses respectively; the integrated control unit collects the signals of the braking pipeline pressure sensor and the braking pedal position sensor to determine a target braking torque, distributes friction braking torque and electromagnetic braking torque reasonably, realizes a wheel locking prevention function through torque regulation of a magnet brake, and achieves the vehicle locking prevention function by utilizing the magnet brake; and the magnet brake participates in shunting of vehicle braking energy in the whole braking process, so that the braking is rapider and more stable, the braking noise is lower, poisonous friction dust produced by friction braking can be greatly reduced, the safety and the thermal failure prevention performance of a braking system are improved, the service life of the braking system is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the braking system is reduced.