A cutterhead of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of shield machines, and specifically relates to a cutterhead of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions, including a shield outer casing and a cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is rotatably assembled inside the shield outer casing, an outer coil is sleeved on the edge of the cutterhead, and the outer coil is assembled inside the shield outer casing, an axis is fixedly arranged at the center of the back of the cutterhead, and a screw feeder for guiding soil and rocks is welded on the outer surface of the axis, a tunneling shock assembly is assembled through the axis, an auxiliary chamber is fixedly welded in an annular array on the back of the cutterhead, and tunneling auxiliary assemblies are arranged inside the auxiliary chambers, a lubrication supplement assembly is arranged in an annular array on the outer edge of the outer coil and located inside the shield outer casing, and a lubricating liquid box is fixedly installed inside the four corners of one end of the shield outer casing. The present invention can optimize the effect of soil and rock separation, greatly improve the earth-breaking ability, and can also regularly and automatically lubricate the gap between the cutterhead and the outer coil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular relates to a cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions. Background Art

[0002] The cutterhead of a shield machine is a key component of the machine, used to cut soil or rock. Its performance directly affects the working efficiency of the shield machine and the progress of the project. The cutterhead of a shield machine usually includes three structural types: panel type, spoke type and spoke plate type. The cutterhead cuts the soil by rotation, and transports the cut slag to the screw conveyor, and then to the dump truck through the belt conveyor, and finally to the ground. The cutterhead drive system is bolted to the front shield pressure baffle, and can achieve stepless speed change in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. It is mainly composed of a transmission pair and a main gear box to ensure that the cutterhead works efficiently under different geological conditions.

[0003] Problems with existing technologies:

[0004] The shield machine cutterhead mainly completes the tunnel excavation work by cutting the soil with the cutter. Therefore, how to optimize the cutterhead's ability to break the soil is an urgent problem to be solved in order to improve the progress of tunnel excavation. In addition, in the process of using the cutter to excavate, sand will inevitably seep into the sealing gap between the cutter and the machine body. The wear caused by this sand will directly lead to the leakage of lubricating oil, or directly weaken the lubrication effect between the cutter and the machine body. Therefore, how to ensure the lubrication effect between the cutter and the machine body is also an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions, which can optimize the effect of soil-rock separation, greatly improve the earth-breaking ability, and can also regularly and automatically lubricate the gap between the cutter head and the outer coil.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A cutterhead of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions, comprising an outer casing of the shield and a cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is rotatably assembled inside the outer casing of the shield, an outer coil is sleeved on the edge of the cutterhead, and the outer coil is assembled inside the outer casing of the shield, a shaft is fixedly arranged at the center of the back of the cutterhead, and a screw feeder for guiding soil and rocks is welded on the outer surface of the shaft, a tunneling shock assembly is assembled through the shaft, an auxiliary chamber is fixedly welded in an annular array on the back of the cutterhead, and tunneling auxiliary assemblies are arranged inside the auxiliary chambers, a lubrication supplement assembly is arranged in an annular array on the outer edge of the outer coil and located inside the outer casing of the shield, and a lubricating liquid box is fixedly installed inside the four corners of one end of the outer casing of the shield;

[0008] Through the relative rotation between the shock generating disk 1 and the shock generating disk 2, the shock hammer continuously shocks in the soil drilling cone to assist in the separation of soil and rocks;

[0009] The free circular motion of the counterweight at the specified position causes the driving cutter disc to be subjected to an additional instantaneous stress in the tangential direction;

[0010] The lubricating oil is injected into the gap between the cutter disc and the outer coil through the impact of the rotating arm and the hook-type stopper.

[0011] The cutter disc body is provided with a through window in a circular array, a cutter seat is fixedly provided on the front of the cutter disc, the cutter seat is located on one side of the through window, and digging teeth 1 are installed in an array on the front of the cutter seat, a drilling cone is integrally provided at the center of the circle of the front of the cutter disc, and digging teeth 2 are installed in a circular array on the edge of the front of the cutter disc, a steel frame is fixedly welded on the back of the cutter disc, and guide wheels that fit the inner wall of the outer coil are installed at each end of the steel frame.

[0012] The excavation shock assembly includes an inner rod that is slidably assembled inside the shaft body, the end of the inner rod that extends to the inside of the drilling cone is integrally provided with a shock hammer, the end of the inner rod close to the shock hammer is integrally provided with a baffle, and a spring is connected between the side wall of the baffle and the inner wall of the cutter disc, the end of the inner rod that extends to the outside of the end of the shaft body is integrally provided with a shock generating disk 2, and the edge of the shock generating disk 2 close to the cutter disc is provided with arc edge teeth 2 in a ring array.

[0013] The four corners of the front side of the shield outer casing are fixedly installed with soil stripping cones, and a shock generating disk is fixedly installed inside the shield outer casing through a steel frame. The inner rod movably penetrates the shock generating disk, and the edge of the shock generating disk is provided with arc edge teeth in a ring array on the side away from the cutter disc, and the arc edge teeth form a meshing extrusion contact with the soil drilling cone.

[0014] The excavation auxiliary component includes a rotating arm rotatably assembled inside an auxiliary chamber, a shell cover is assembled on the outside of the auxiliary chamber, a counterweight is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating arm, and a hook-shaped stopper for limiting the movement range of the counterweight is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary chamber and on one side of the rotating arm, and two hook-shaped stops located on the diagonal line on the back of the cutter disc are arranged in parallel and in the same direction, and two adjacent hook-shaped stops are arranged in parallel and opposite directions.

[0015] The hook-shaped stopper has an inclined surface at one end through which a liquid storage tube 1 is assembled, and a piston component 1 is telescopically assembled inside the liquid storage tube 1. Liquid storage tubes 2 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell cover, and the liquid storage tubes 2 are distributed in a circular array on the back of the cutter disc. Liquid storage tubes 1 and 2 are connected to each other through a liquid pipe. Piston component 2 is telescopically assembled inside the liquid storage tube 2, and a spring 2 is installed at one end of the liquid storage tube 2 away from the liquid pipe. An annular stopper is integrally provided at one end of the piston component 2 extending to the outside of the liquid storage tube 2.

[0016] The edge of the outer coil is provided with injection holes in an annular array for replenishing lubricating oil into the gap between the cutter disc and the outer coil, and the edge of the outer coil is provided with slot windows in an annular array for the ring block to penetrate.

[0017] The lubrication replenishment assembly includes a pry bar, a transmission shaft, gear 2 and an injection tube. The pry bar is rotatably installed at one end of the corresponding slot window and is used to make extrusion contact with the corresponding ring block. The transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the outer coil in an annular array. Each group of gear 2 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the outer coil in an annular array. The number of gears in a group is two and they are coaxially arranged. The number of injection tubes in each group is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer coil in an annular array, and the number of injection tubes in a group is two.

[0018] A circular shell is symmetrically fixed in the middle of the transmission shaft, an arm is integrally provided on the outer wall of the circular shell, and the ends of the pry rod are connected to the corresponding two arm rods, a ratchet is provided on the outer surface of the transmission shaft and located on the inner side of the circular shell, and top teeth are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the circular shell in a ring array, a gear one is fixedly provided on one side of the ratchet and located outside the circular shell, and the gear one is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission shaft, the gear two is meshed with the corresponding gear one, and a water drop block is fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the gear two.

[0019] One end of the injection tube is telescopically assembled with a piston component three, and the end of the piston component three extending out of the injection tube is integrally provided with a circular groove block, the water drop block is in squeeze contact with the corresponding circular groove block, a spring three is connected between the circular groove block and the outer wall of one end of the corresponding injection tube, the other end of the injection tube is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet equipped with a one-way valve, the liquid inlet of the injection tube is connected to the corresponding lubricating liquid box through a pipette, and the liquid outlet of the injection tube is connected to the corresponding injection hole through a liquid outlet tube.

[0020] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0021] According to the present invention, when the cutter disc is driven to rotate, the jar will quickly reset after moving and produce a jarring effect, and this process will repeat. During the process of the cutter disc drilling and excavating, the jar will continuously jar in the drilling cone. In this way, the soil-breaking ability of the drilling cone can be improved. At the same time, the effect of soil-rock separation can be optimized with the help of the vibration process, thereby facilitating tunnel excavation.

[0022] In the present invention, after the counterweight block is carried to the specified position, it will perform free circular motion, and the rotating arm will eventually collide with the inclined end of the hook-shaped stopper. During the movement, the driving cutter disc will be additionally subjected to instantaneous stress in the tangential direction. Through this tangential instantaneous stress, the drilling and excavation capabilities of the first and second digging teeth are indirectly improved, and additional ground-breaking stress is given, thereby greatly improving the ground-breaking effect.

[0023] The present invention can realize the work of automatic lubrication of the cutter disc and the outer coil pipe by means of the collision process of the rotating arm and the hook-shaped stopper, solve the problem that the sand in the gap between the cutter disc and the outer coil pipe affects the lubrication effect, and the injection work of the lubricating oil can also realize the effect of regular and quantitative injection, without the need for additional power equipment for control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a front view of the outer casing of the shield provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a rear view of the outer casing of the shield provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is an assembly cross-sectional view of a cutter head provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a cutter disc provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a rear view of the internal structure of the cutter disc provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The local enlarged structure diagram at A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 is an assembly cross-sectional view of a hook-shaped stopper and a second liquid storage tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the free movement of the counterweight block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a single lubrication supplement component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10It is a structural disassembly diagram of the lubrication replenishing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0035] 1. Shield outer casing; 101. Shock generating disk 1; 102. Soil stripping cone; 103. Arc edge tooth 1; 2. Cutter head; 201. Through window; 202. Digging tooth 1; 203. Drilling cone; 204. Digging tooth 2; 205. Screw feeder; 206. Steel frame; 207. Guide wheel; 208. Inner rod; 209. Shock hammer; 210. Baffle; 211. Spring 1; 212. Shock generating disk 2; 213. Arc edge tooth 2; 214. Auxiliary chamber; 215. Shell cover; 216. Rotating arm; 217. Counterweight; 218. Hook-type stopper; 219. Liquid storage tube 1 ; 220, piston piece one; 221, liquid pipe; 222, liquid storage pipe two; 223, piston piece two; 224, spring two; 225, ring block; 3, outer coil; 301, injection hole; 302, slot window; 4, lubrication replenishment assembly; 401, pry bar; 402, transmission shaft; 403, round shell; 404, arm; 405, ratchet; 406, top tooth; 407, gear one; 408, gear two; 409, water drop block; 410, injection tube; 411, round slot block; 412, spring three; 413, suction tube; 414, liquid outlet tube; 5, lubricating liquid box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a cutterhead of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions comprises a shield outer casing 1 and a cutterhead 2, wherein the cutterhead 2 is rotatably assembled inside the shield outer casing 1, an outer coil 3 is sleeved on the edge of the cutterhead 2, and the outer coil 3 is assembled inside the shield outer casing 1, an axis body is fixedly arranged at the center of the back of the cutterhead 2, and a screw feeder 205 for discharging soil and stone is welded on the outer surface of the axis body, a tunneling vibration assembly is assembled through the axis body, an auxiliary chamber 214 is fixedly welded on the back of the cutterhead 2 in an annular array, and tunneling auxiliary assemblies are arranged inside the auxiliary chambers 214, a lubrication replenishment assembly 4 is arranged in an annular array on the outer edge of the outer coil 3 and located inside the shield outer casing 1, and a lubricating liquid box 5 is fixedly installed inside the four corners of one end of the shield outer casing 1.

[0038] See attached Figure 1-Figure 4A through window 201 is provided in a circular array on the body of the cutter disc 2, a tool seat is fixedly arranged on the front of the cutter disc 2, the tool seat is located on one side of the through window 201, and digging teeth 202 are installed in an array on the front of the tool seat, a drilling cone 203 is integrally arranged at the center of the front of the cutter disc 2, and digging teeth 204 are installed in a circular array on the edge of the front of the cutter disc 2, a steel frame 206 is fixedly welded on the back of the cutter disc 2, and each end of the steel frame 206 is installed with a guide wheel 207 that fits the inner wall of the outer coil 3.

[0039] According to the above structure, when the power equipment inside the shield machine drives the cutter head 2 to rotate through the shaft, the tunnel drilling work is carried out in coordination with the movement of the shield machine. The digging tooth 1 202, the digging tooth 204 and the drilling cone 203 are mainly used for drilling and excavating. The excavated soil and rocks will pass through the window 201 and finally be discharged through the rotating screw feeder 205. This process is all existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] See attached Figure 4 The excavation shock assembly includes an inner rod 208 that is slidably assembled inside the shaft body. The inner rod 208 and the shaft body adopt a sliding assembly relationship of a convex block and a straight groove. The inner rod 208 extends to the end of the drilling cone 203 and is integrally provided with a shock hammer 209. The end of the inner rod 208 close to the shock hammer 209 is integrally provided with a baffle 210, and a spring 211 is connected between the side wall of the baffle 210 and the inner wall of the cutter disc 2. The inner rod 208 extends to the end of the shaft body and is integrally provided with a shock generating disk 212, and the edge of the shock generating disk 212 close to the cutter disc 2 is provided with arc edge teeth 213 in a ring array.

[0042] See attached Figure 4 The four corners of the front side of the shield outer casing 1 are fixedly installed with soil stripping cones 102, and the interior of the shield outer casing 1 is fixedly installed with a shock generating disk 101 through a steel frame. The inner rod 208 movably penetrates the shock generating disk 101, and the edge of the shock generating disk 101 away from the cutter head 2 is provided with arc edge teeth 103 in a ring array, and the arc edge teeth 103 and the soil drilling cone 203 form a meshing extrusion contact.

[0043] According to the above structure, when the shaft body and the driving cutter disc 2 rotate, the inner rod 208 and the shock generating disk 2 212 rotate accordingly. Since the shock generating disk 101 is in a fixed state, the shock generating disk 101 and the shock generating disk 212 will rotate relative to each other, and the arc edge tooth 103 and the arc edge tooth 213 will be squeezed. At the same time, the inner rod 208 will slide inside the shaft body. With the help of the sliding process of the inner rod 208, the shock hammer 209 follows the movement and the spring 1 211 is compressed. Then, the shock hammer 209 is quickly reset under the elastic force of the spring 1 211 and realizes the shock effect. This reciprocating process repeats itself. During the drilling and excavation process of the cutter disc 2, the shock hammer 209 will continuously shock inside the drilling cone 203. In this way, the ability of the drilling cone 203 to break the soil is improved. At the same time, the effect of soil and rock separation is optimized with the help of the vibration process, which facilitates tunnel excavation.

[0044] The working principle of the present invention is: when the shaft body and the driving cutter disc 2 rotate, the inner rod 208 and the shock generating disk 2 212 rotate accordingly. Since the shock generating disk 101 is in a fixed state, relative rotation will occur between the shock generating disk 101 and the shock generating disk 212, and extrusion will occur between the arc edge tooth 103 and the arc edge tooth 213, and the inner rod 208 will slide inside the shaft body at the same time. With the help of the sliding process of the inner rod 208, the shock hammer 209 follows the movement and the spring 1 211 is compressed, and then the shock hammer 209 quickly resets under the elastic force of the spring 1 211 and achieves the shock effect.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] See attached Figure 5-Figure 8 The excavation auxiliary component includes a rotating arm 216 rotatably assembled inside the auxiliary chamber 214, a shell cover 215 is assembled on the outside of the auxiliary chamber 214, a counterweight block 217 is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating arm 216, and a hook-shaped stopper 218 for limiting the movement range of the counterweight block 217 is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary chamber 214 and on one side of the rotating arm 216, and the two hook-shaped stops 218 located on the diagonal line on the back side of the cutter head 2 are arranged in parallel and in the same direction, and two adjacent hook-shaped stops 218 are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other.

[0047] See attached Figure 5-Figure 8 The hook-shaped stopper 218 has an inclined surface at one end through which a liquid storage tube 219 is assembled, and a piston member 220 is telescopically assembled inside the liquid storage tube 219. Liquid storage tubes 222 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the shell cover 215, and the liquid storage tubes 222 are distributed in a ring array on the back of the cutter disc 2. Liquid storage tubes 1 219 and liquid storage tubes 222 are connected to each other through a liquid pipe 221. A piston member 223 is telescopically assembled inside the liquid storage tube 222, and a spring 224 is installed at one end of the liquid storage tube 222 away from the liquid pipe 221. An annular stopper 225 is integrally provided at one end of the piston member 223 extending to the outside of the liquid storage tube 222.

[0048] According to the above structure, during the process of driving the cutter head 2 to rotate, the excavation auxiliary components in each auxiliary chamber 214 will be turned over. Figure 8 As shown, the counterweight 217 originally at the vertical bottom end moves to the vertical top end with the rotation of the drive cutter disc 2 and the blocking of the hook-shaped stopper 218, so that the rotating arm 216 carries the counterweight 217. As the drive cutter disc 2 continues to rotate, the counterweight 217 will quickly make free circular motion with the transfer point of the rotating arm 216 as the center, and the rotating arm 216 will eventually collide with the inclined end of the hook-shaped stopper 218. During the free circular motion of the counterweight 217, the drive cutter disc 2 will be subjected to additional instantaneous stress in the tangential direction. Through this tangential instantaneous stress, the drilling and excavation capabilities of the digging teeth 202 and 204 are indirectly improved, and additional ground-breaking stress is given, which greatly improves the ground-breaking effect.

[0049] The working principle of the present invention is that when the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate, the excavation auxiliary components in each auxiliary chamber 214 will be turned over. Figure 8 As shown, the counterweight block 217 originally at the vertical bottom end moves to the vertical top end with the rotation of the drive cutter disc 2 and the blocking of the hook-shaped stopper 218, so that the rotating arm 216 carries the counterweight block 217. As the drive cutter disc 2 continues to rotate, the counterweight block 217 will quickly make a free circular motion with the transfer point of the rotating arm 216 as the center of the circle, and the rotating arm 216 will eventually collide with the inclined surface end of the hook-shaped stopper 218. During the free circular motion of the counterweight block 217, the drive cutter disc 2 will be subjected to additional instantaneous stress in the tangential direction.

[0050] When the rotating arm 216 collides with the inclined end of the hook-shaped stopper 218, the rotating arm 216 will press the piston member 1 220 into the liquid storage tube 1 219, and the liquid in the liquid storage tube 1 219 will be squeezed into the liquid storage tube 2 222 through the liquid pipe 221, and the piston member 223 and the ring stopper 225 will move immediately, and the spring 224 will be compressed at the same time.

[0051] Embodiment three:

[0052] See attached Figure 5 The edge of the outer coil 3 is provided with an injection hole 301 for replenishing lubricating oil into the gap between the cutter disc 2 and the outer coil 3 in an annular array, and the edge of the outer coil 3 is provided with a slot window 302 for the ring block 225 to pass through in an annular array.

[0053] See attached Figure 9-10The lubrication replenishing assembly 4 includes a pry bar 401, a transmission shaft 402, a gear 2 408 and an injection tube 410. The pry bar 401 is rotatably installed at one end of the corresponding slot window 302 and is used to make extrusion contact with the corresponding ring block 225. The transmission shaft 402 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the outer coil 3 in an annular array. Each group of gears 2 408 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the outer coil 3 in an annular array. The number of a group of gears 2 408 is two and they are coaxially arranged. The number of injection tubes 410 in each group is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer coil 3 in an annular array, and the number of injection tubes 410 in a group is two.

[0054] See attached Figure 9-10 A circular shell 403 is symmetrically fixedly sleeved in the middle of the transmission shaft 402, and an arm 404 is integrally provided on the outer wall of the circular shell 403, and the end of the pry bar 401 is connected to the corresponding two arm 404. A ratchet 405 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 402 and located on the inner side of the circular shell 403, and a top tooth 406 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the circular shell 403 in a ring array. A gear 1 407 is fixedly provided on one side of the ratchet 405 and located outside the circular shell 403, and the gear 1 407 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 402, and a gear 2 408 is meshed with the corresponding gear 1 407, and a water drop block 409 is fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the gear 2 408.

[0055] See attached Figure 9-10 One end of the injection tube 410 is telescopically assembled with a piston part three, and the end of the piston part three extending out of the injection tube 410 is integrally provided with a circular groove block 411, the water drop block 409 is in squeeze contact with the corresponding circular groove block 411, and a spring three 412 is connected between the circular groove block 411 and the outer wall of one end of the corresponding injection tube 410. The other end of the injection tube 410 is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet equipped with a one-way valve, the liquid inlet of the injection tube 410 is connected to the corresponding lubricating liquid box 5 through a liquid suction tube 413, and the liquid outlet of the injection tube 410 is connected to the corresponding injection hole 301 through a liquid outlet tube 414.

[0056] According to the above structure, the ring block 225 is pushed into the corresponding slot window 302 and pushes the corresponding pry bar 401. When the pry bar 401 is pushed open, since the other end of the pry bar 401 is connected to the arm 404, the transmission shaft 402 carries the round shell 403 to rotate at a certain angle, and resets after the ring block 225 leaves. During the reciprocating rotation of the round shell 403, the top teeth 406 inside it drive the ratchet 405 to rotate and the rotation direction remains constant. The ratchet 405 rotates together with the corresponding gear 1 407, and drives the water drop block 409 to rotate under the meshing of the gear 2 408 and the gear 1 407, and the water drop block 409 rotates at the same angle each time. When the water drop block 409 rotates at the same angle each time, 09 When the corresponding circular groove block 411 is squeezed, the piston part three will penetrate into the corresponding injection tube 410, and the spring three 412 will be compressed. At this time, the lubricating liquid in the injection tube 410 will be gradually pressed into the liquid outlet pipe 414, and finally injected into the gap between the cutter disc 2 and the outer coil 3 through the injection hole 301. In this way, the work of automatic lubrication of the cutter disc 2 and the outer coil 3 is realized, and the problem of sand in the gap between the cutter disc 2 and the outer coil 3 affecting the lubrication effect is solved. In addition, the injection of this lubricating oil also achieves the effect of regular and quantitative injection. The injection power mainly comes from the collision process between the rotating arm 216 and the hook-shaped block 218, and no additional electrical equipment is required for control.

[0057] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the cutter disc 2 is driven to rotate, each counterweight block 217 will perform free circular motion at a specified position, and the inclined end of the rotating arm 216 and the hook-shaped stopper 218 will also collide at a specified position, and the ring stopper 225 will then push into the corresponding slot window 302 and push the corresponding pry bar 401. When the pry bar 401 is pushed open, since its other end is connected to the arm 404, the transmission shaft 402 carries the round shell 403 to rotate at a certain angle, and resets after the ring stopper 225 leaves. During the reciprocating rotation of the round shell 403, the top teeth 406 inside it will drive the ratchet 405 to rotate and the rotation direction remains constant. The ratchet 405 and the corresponding Gear 1 407 rotates together, and drives the water drop block 409 to rotate under the meshing of gear 2 408 and gear 1 407, and the water drop block 409 rotates at the same angle each time. When the water drop block 409 is squeezed with the corresponding circular groove block 411, the piston part 3 will penetrate into the corresponding injection tube 410, and the spring 3 412 will be compressed. At this time, the lubricating fluid in the injection tube 410 will be gradually pressed into the liquid outlet pipe 414, and finally injected into the gap between the cutter disc 2 and the outer coil 3 through the injection hole 301. After the water drop block 409 leaves the circular groove block 411, the piston part 3 will be reset under the elastic force of the spring 3 412, and the lubricating fluid in the lubricating fluid box 5 will be sucked into the injection tube 410.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A cutterhead of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions, comprising a shield outer casing (1) and a cutterhead (2), characterized in that: The cutterhead (2) is rotatably assembled inside the outer casing (1) of the shield machine. The edge of the cutterhead (2) is sleeved with an outer coil (3), and the outer coil (3) is assembled inside the outer casing (1) of the shield machine. A shaft body is fixedly arranged at the center of the back of the cutterhead (2), and a screw feeder (205) for discharging soil and rocks is welded to the outer surface of the shaft body. A tunneling shock assembly is assembled through the shaft body. An auxiliary chamber (214) is fixedly welded in an annular array on the back of the cutterhead (2), and the interior of the auxiliary chamber (214) is provided with a tunneling auxiliary assembly. A lubrication replenishment assembly (4) is arranged in an annular array on the outer edge of the outer coil (3) and located inside the outer casing (1) of the shield machine. Lubricating liquid boxes (5) are fixedly installed inside the four corners of one end of the outer casing (1). The first shock generating disk (101) and the second shock generating disk (212) rotate relative to each other, so that the shock hammer (209) continuously shocks the soil drilling cone (203), thereby assisting the separation of soil and rocks; The free circular motion of the counterweight (217) at a specified position causes the driving cutter disc (2) to be subjected to an additional instantaneous stress in a tangential direction; The lubricating oil is injected into the gap between the cutter disc (2) and the outer coil (3) through the collision between the rotating arm (216) and the hook-shaped stopper (218).

2. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc (2) has a through window (201) formed in an annular array through the disc body, a cutter seat is fixedly provided on the front of the cutter disc (2), the cutter seat is located on one side of the through window (201), and digging teeth (202) are installed in an array on the front of the cutter seat, a soil drilling cone (203) is integrally provided at the center of the front of the cutter disc (2), and digging teeth (204) are installed in an annular array on the edge of the front of the cutter disc (2), a steel frame (206) is fixedly welded on the back of the cutter disc (2), and each end of the steel frame (206) is installed with a guide wheel (207) that fits the inner wall of the outer coil (3).

3. The cutter head of a shield machine for a poor geological tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The excavation shock assembly comprises an inner rod (208) which is slidably assembled inside the shaft body, the end of the inner rod (208) extending to the inside of the drilling cone (203) is integrally provided with a shock hammer (209), the end of the inner rod (208) close to the shock hammer (209) is integrally provided with a baffle (210), and a spring (211) is connected between the side wall of the baffle (210) and the inner wall of the cutter disc (2), the end of the inner rod (208) extending to the outside of the shaft body is integrally provided with a shock generating disk (212), and the edge of the shock generating disk (212) close to the cutter disc (2) is provided with arc edge teeth (213) in a ring array.

4. The cutter head of a shield machine for a poor geological tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four corners of the front side of the shield outer casing (1) are fixedly mounted with soil stripping cones (102); a shock generating disk (101) is fixedly mounted inside the shield outer casing (1) via a steel frame; the inner rod (208) movably penetrates the shock generating disk (101); an arc-shaped edge tooth (103) is arranged in a ring array on the edge of the shock generating disk (101) on the side away from the cutter head (2); and the arc-shaped edge tooth (103) forms a meshing extrusion contact with the soil drilling cone (203).

5. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The excavation auxiliary component comprises a rotating arm (216) rotatably assembled inside an auxiliary chamber (214), a shell cover (215) is assembled on the outside of the auxiliary chamber (214), a counterweight (217) is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating arm (216), and a hook-shaped stopper (218) for limiting the movement range of the counterweight (217) is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary chamber (214) and on one side of the rotating arm (216), and two hook-shaped stoppers (218) located on the diagonal line on the back side of the cutterhead (2) are arranged in parallel and in the same direction, and two adjacent hook-shaped stoppers (218) are arranged in parallel and opposite directions.

6. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hook-shaped stopper (218) has a sloped end through which a liquid storage tube (219) is assembled, and a piston member (220) is assembled telescopically inside the liquid storage tube (219). Liquid storage tubes (222) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the shell cover (215), and the liquid storage tubes (222) are distributed in a ring array on the back of the cutter disc (2). The liquid storage tube (219) and the liquid storage tubes (222) are connected to each other through a liquid tube (221). A piston member (223) is assembled telescopically inside the liquid storage tube (222), and a spring (224) is mounted at one end of the liquid storage tube (222) away from the liquid tube (221). An annular stopper (225) is integrally arranged at one end of the piston member (223) extending to the outside of the liquid storage tube (222).

7. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the outer coil (3) is provided with injection holes (301) in an annular array for replenishing lubricating oil into the gap between the cutter disc (2) and the outer coil (3), and the edge of the outer coil (3) is provided with slot windows (302) in an annular array for the ring stopper (225) to penetrate.

8. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lubrication replenishing assembly (4) comprises a pry bar (401), a transmission shaft (402), a gear 2 (408) and an injection tube (410); the pry bar (401) is rotatably mounted on one end of a corresponding slot window (302) and is used to make extrusion contact with a corresponding ring stopper (225); the transmission shaft (402) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the outer coil (3) in an annular array; each group of gear 2 (408) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the outer coil (3) in an annular array; the number of a group of gear 2 (408) is two and they are coaxially arranged; the number of a group of injection tubes (410) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the outer coil (3) in an annular array; and the number of a group of injection tubes (410) is two.

9. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: A circular shell (403) is symmetrically fixedly sleeved in the middle of the transmission shaft (402); an arm (404) is integrally provided on the outer wall of the circular shell (403); and the end of the pry bar (401) is connected to two corresponding arm rods (404); a ratchet (405) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission shaft (402) and located inside the circular shell (403); and top teeth (406) are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the circular shell (403) in an annular array; a gear 1 (407) is fixedly provided on one side of the ratchet (405) and located outside the circular shell (403); and the gear 1 (407) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission shaft (402); the gear 2 (408) is meshed with the corresponding gear 1 (407); and a water drop block (409) is fixedly assembled on the outer wall of the gear 2 (408).

10. The cutter head of a shield machine for a tunnel with poor geological conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the injection tube (410) is telescopically assembled with a piston member three, and one end of the piston member three extending out of the injection tube (410) is integrally provided with a circular groove block (411), the water drop block (409) is in squeeze contact with the corresponding circular groove block (411), a spring three (412) is connected between the circular groove block (411) and the outer wall of one end of the corresponding injection tube (410), and the other end of the injection tube (410) is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet equipped with a one-way valve, the liquid inlet of the injection tube (410) is connected to the corresponding lubricating liquid box (5) through a liquid suction tube (413), and the liquid outlet of the injection tube (410) is connected to the corresponding injection hole (301) through a liquid outlet tube (414).

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