Inflatable lining end sealing structure, lining trolley and method

Abstract

According to the inflatable lining end sealing structure, the lining trolley and the method, the inflatable sealing piece is defined by the flexible piece and the hard baffle, and when the inflatable sealing piece is in the inflatable state, the flexible piece abuts against surrounding rock to achieve the sealing effect; concrete poured in the concrete pouring space is limited through the hard baffle, and meanwhile it is guaranteed that the concrete structural face is flush through the fact that the hard baffle is perpendicular to the lining formwork; and after the concrete in the concrete pouring space is solidified, the inflatable sealing piece is subjected to air exhaust to be in an air exhaust state, the hard baffle is loosened, the flexible piece is separated from the surrounding rock, and demolding of the concrete is completed. The problems that when grouting operation is carried out in a concrete grouting space, concrete grout leaks out along a gap, the concrete grouting pressure is reduced, and the secondary lining construction quality of a tunnel is reduced are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction engineering, and in particular relates to an inflatable lining end sealing structure, a lining trolley and a method. Background Art

[0002] The lining trolley is a special equipment used in the secondary lining process during tunnel construction. It is mainly used for lining the inner wall of the tunnel. In the process of using the lining trolley to line the inner wall of the tunnel, the lining template and the front template of the lining trolley are combined with the surrounding rock of the inner wall of the tunnel to form a concrete pouring space, and concrete grouting is performed in the concrete pouring space; after the concrete in the concrete pouring space solidifies, the lining trolley moves and repeats the above steps to complete the secondary lining of the tunnel.

[0003] In the prior art, since the surface of the surrounding rock on the inner wall of the tunnel generally has irregular bumps, the front template cannot completely fit with the surface of the surrounding rock and a gap is formed. When grouting is performed in the concrete pouring space, there is a problem that the concrete slurry leaks along the gap, causing the concrete grouting pressure to drop, thereby reducing the quality of the secondary lining construction of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem in the background technology that a gap is formed because the front end formwork cannot be completely fitted with the surface of the surrounding rock, and when grouting is performed in the concrete pouring space, there is a possibility that concrete slurry leaks along the gap, resulting in a decrease in the concrete grouting pressure and reducing the secondary lining construction quality of the tunnel, the present invention provides an inflatable lining end sealing structure, a lining trolley and a method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an inflatable lining end sealing structure, which is arranged in a concrete pouring space formed between an inner lining formwork and the surrounding rock of an inner wall of a tunnel, the inner lining formwork comprising a front end head, and the inflatable lining end sealing structure comprising a hard baffle and a flexible member; the flexible member is fixedly connected to the inner lining formwork; the hard baffle is arranged on a side of the flexible member away from the front end head; the hard baffle is fixedly connected to the flexible member to enclose and form an inflatable seal; the inflatable seal is arranged close to the front end head; the inflatable seal includes an inflated state and a deflated state; when the inflatable seal is in the inflated state, the inflatable seal expands so that the flexible member abuts against the surrounding rock, and the hard baffle is perpendicular to the inner lining formwork to seal the gap between the inner lining formwork and the surrounding rock; when the inflatable seal is in the deflating state, the inflatable seal contracts, the flexible member is separated from the surrounding rock, and the hard baffle is loosened to complete the demoulding of the concrete.

[0007] Optionally, a first concave-convex structure is provided on the contact surface between the flexible member and the surrounding rock, and when the inflatable seal is in the inflated state, the first concave-convex structure is in contact with the surrounding rock; the first concave-convex structure is filled with sealing grease.

[0008] Optionally, the inflatable lining end sealing structure also includes an angle limiting mechanism, which is arranged inside the inflatable seal, and the angle limiting mechanism includes a pull rope, and fixing parts are arranged at both ends of the pull rope, the fixing part at one end passes through the flexible part and is fixedly connected to the lining template, and the fixing part at the other end is fixedly connected to the hard baffle plate; when the hard baffle plate is perpendicular to the lining template, the pull rope is tightened; the angle limiting mechanism is used to limit the hard baffle plate when the inflatable seal is in the inflated state, so that the hard baffle plate is perpendicular to the lining template.

[0009] Optionally, there are multiple inflatable seals, and the multiple inflatable seals are connected in sequence to form a structure that fits the outer wall of the lining template.

[0010] Optionally, in the circumferential direction of the lining template, the height difference between the inflatable seal and the lining template is less than or equal to 50 mm; when the radius of curvature of the surrounding rock is less than or equal to 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal is 500 mm; when the radius of curvature of the surrounding rock is greater than 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal increases by 150 mm for every increase of 500 mm.

[0011] Optionally, a clamping structure is provided on the contact surface between any two of the inflatable seals, and the clamping structure is used to connect two adjacent inflatable seals.

[0012] Optionally, the inflatable lining end sealing structure also includes a pressure sensor and an exhaust assembly; wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the hard baffle plate to detect the grouting pressure of the concrete in the concrete pouring space; the exhaust assembly passes through the inflatable seal to connect the concrete pouring space and the external space.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a lining trolley, which includes a trolley body, a lining template and an inflatable lining end head sealing structure as described in any one of the above items; the lining template is arched and covered on the trolley body, and the end of the lining template close to the forward direction of the trolley body is the front end head.

[0014] Optionally, the end of the lining formwork away from the forward direction of the trolley body is the rear end head; the lining trolley also includes a rear end sealing structure, which is arranged at the rear end head and partially extends out of the lining formwork, and the rear end sealing structure is arranged on the side of the lining formwork close to the trolley body; the rear end sealing structure includes a mounting structure and an inflatable flexible seal; the mounting structure is arranged at the rear end head, and the inflatable flexible seal is fixedly connected to the mounting structure; the inflatable flexible seal includes an inflated state and a deflated state; when the inflatable flexible seal is in the inflated state, the inflatable flexible seal expands and abuts against an adjacent concrete structure to seal a gap between the adjacent concrete structure and the lining formwork; when the inflatable flexible seal is in the deflated state, the inflatable flexible seal contracts and separates from the adjacent concrete structure; wherein, the adjacent concrete structure refers to the solidified concrete close to the rear end head.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a lining end sealing method for use in any of the above inflatable lining end sealing structures, the lining end sealing method at least comprising:

[0016] Placing the inflatable seal in the concrete pouring space, and before pouring concrete into the concrete pouring space, inflating the inside of the inflatable seal to expand the inflatable seal until the flexible member is completely in contact with the lining formwork and the surrounding rock;

[0017] After the concrete poured into the concrete pouring space solidifies, the inflatable seal is evacuated to put the inflatable seal in an evacuated state, the flexible member contracts, the hard baffle plate loosens, and the demoulding of the concrete is completed.

[0018] The present invention provides an inflatable lining end sealing structure, in which an inflatable seal is formed by enclosing a flexible member and a hard baffle. When the inflatable seal is in an inflated state, the flexible member is pressed against the surrounding rock to achieve a sealing effect. The hard baffle is used to limit the concrete poured in the concrete pouring space, and the hard baffle is perpendicular to the lining template to ensure that the concrete structure surface is flush. After the concrete in the concrete pouring space is solidified, the inflatable seal is evacuated and is in an evacuated state, so that the hard baffle is loosened, the flexible member is separated from the surrounding rock, and the demoulding of the concrete is completed.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) When the inflatable seal is in the inflated state, the flexible member is brought into contact with the surrounding rock of the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby achieving sealing of the concrete pouring space. This avoids the problem of gaps being formed due to the inability of the front template to fully fit the surface of the surrounding rock. When grouting is performed in the concrete pouring space, there is a problem that concrete slurry leaks along the gaps, causing the concrete grouting pressure to drop, thereby reducing the construction quality of the secondary lining of the tunnel.

[0021] (2) The demoulding operation of concrete is completed by switching the inflatable seal from the inflated state to the deflated state. The entire process is completed by inflating and deflating the inflatable seal. There is no need for workers to climb high to dismantle the front-end formwork during construction, which reduces the workload and improves construction safety.

[0022] (3) When the inflatable seal is in the inflated state, the hard baffle is in a perpendicular position to the lining formwork, thereby ensuring that the formed concrete structure surface is a flush surface.

[0023] (4) By setting a rear end sealing structure at the rear end of the lining formwork, the gap between the adjacent concrete structure and the lining formwork is sealed by the rear end sealing structure, thereby further preventing the concrete slurry from leaking along the gap during the grouting operation, resulting in a decrease in the concrete grouting pressure and a reduction in the secondary lining construction quality of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable lining end sealing structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable seal described in the present invention in a deflating state;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable seal described in the present invention in an inflated state;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable seal of the present invention in an inflated state against the surrounding rock;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the concrete pouring space after concrete grouting in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of demoulding the solidified concrete in the concrete pouring space after the inflatable seal is evacuated in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a sealing method achieved by the front end head through the front end template in the prior art;

[0031] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the hard baffle and the flexible member described in the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is another schematic diagram of the connection between the hard baffle and the flexible member described in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the first concave-convex structure described in the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the first concave-convex structure with sealing grease in the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of an arched structure formed by connecting a plurality of inflatable seals described in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable seal described in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the connection of two inflatable seals described in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor and an exhaust assembly as described in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the inflatable seal with exhaust function described in the present invention being connected with the inflatable seal to form an arch;

[0040] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the lining trolley described in the present invention;

[0041] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the front end head and the rear end head of the lining trolley described in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear end head in the prior art;

[0043] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of sealing between the rear end sealing structure and the adjacent concrete structure described in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear end sealing structure described in the present invention

[0045] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable flexible seal described in the present invention when it is in a deflating state;

[0046] Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of the second concave-convex structure described in the present invention with sealing grease;

[0047] Fig.24 is a schematic diagram of the inflatable flexible seal described in the present invention;

[0048] Fig.25 It is a connection schematic diagram of the inflatable flexible seal described in the present invention.

[0049] Among them: 1. lining formwork; 10. front end formwork; 11. front end head; 12. rear end head; 2. surrounding rock; 3. concrete pouring space; 4. hard baffle; 5. flexible part; 51. first concave-convex structure; 52. sealing grease; 6. inflatable seal; 61. inflation air outlet; 62. pull rope; 63. fixing part; 64. snap-on structure; 65. pressure sensor; 66. exhaust assembly; 67. inflatable seal with exhaust function; 7. trolley body; 8. adjacent concrete structure; 9. rear end sealing structure; 91. mounting structure; 92. inflatable flexible seal; 921. inflation air outlet; 922. second concave-convex structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0052] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0054] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0055] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0057] In the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel, refer to Figure 7 Generally, a concrete pouring space 3 is formed by the lining formwork 1 on the lining trolley and the surrounding rock 2 on the inner wall of the tunnel, and a front end formwork 10 is set at the front end head 11 of the lining formwork 1 so that the front end formwork 10 and the surrounding rock 2 are abutted to form a seal. However, in the actual construction process, there are generally many irregular grooves on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, resulting in a gap between the front end formwork 10 and the surrounding rock 2; when grouting concrete in the concrete pouring space 3, the concrete slurry will leak out through the gap between the front end formwork 10 and the surrounding rock 2, resulting in a decrease in the concrete grouting pressure, thereby affecting the secondary lining construction quality of the entire tunnel and bringing safety risks.

[0058] First, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , shows a schematic diagram of an inflatable lining end sealing structure provided in the present invention, which is arranged in a concrete pouring space 3 formed between a lining template 1 and a surrounding rock 2 of an inner wall of a tunnel, wherein the lining template 1 includes a front end head 11, and the inflatable lining end sealing structure further includes a hard baffle 4 and a flexible member 5; the flexible member 5 is fixedly connected to the lining template 1; the hard baffle 4 is fixedly connected to the flexible member 5 to enclose and form an inflatable sealing member 6, and the hard baffle 4 is arranged on a side of the flexible member 5 away from the front end head 11; the inflatable sealing member 6 is arranged in the concrete pouring space 3 and is arranged near the front end head 11; in use, the inflatable seal 6 includes an inflated state and a deflating state; when the inflatable seal 6 is inflated and is in the inflated state, the inflatable seal 6 expands, so that the flexible member 5 abuts against the surrounding rock 2, and the hard baffle 4 is perpendicular to the lining formwork 1 to seal the gap between the lining formwork 1 and the surrounding rock 2; when the inflatable seal 6 is deflated and is in the deflating state, the inflatable seal 6 contracts, so that the flexible member 5 is separated from the surrounding rock 2, and the hard baffle 4 is loosened to complete the demoulding of the concrete.

[0059] In the present embodiment, an inflatable lining end sealing structure is provided, which is enclosed by a hard baffle 4 and a flexible member 5 to form an inflatable seal 6. When the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, the flexible member 5 is pressed against the surrounding rock 2, and the flexible member 5 expands and deforms to fit the surface of the surrounding rock 2 to achieve a sealing effect; at the same time, the hard baffle 4 is used to limit the concrete slurry poured into the concrete pouring space 3, and at the same time, the hard baffle 4 and the lining formwork 1 are in a vertical state to ensure that the concrete structure surface is a flush surface after solidification; after the concrete in the concrete pouring space 3 solidifies, the inflatable seal 6 is evacuated to put it in an evacuated state, at which time the hard baffle 4 is loosened, and the flexible member 5 shrinks and separates from the surrounding rock 2, thereby completing the demoulding operation of the concrete.

[0060] The inflatable lining end sealing structure provided by the present invention solves the problem in the background technology that a gap is formed due to the inability to completely fit the surface of the front end template 10 and the surrounding rock 2. When grouting is performed in the concrete pouring space 3, there is a problem that the concrete slurry leaks along the gap, resulting in a decrease in the concrete grouting pressure and a reduction in the secondary lining construction quality of the tunnel. At the same time, during the use of the inflatable lining end sealing structure of the present invention, the sealing of the concrete pouring space 3 and the demoulding of the concrete can be completed by inflating and exhausting the inflatable seal 6. There is no need for workers to climb up during construction to install or disassemble the front end template 10 at the front end head 11 of the lining template 1, which greatly reduces the workload and improves safety.

[0061] Furthermore, the hard baffle 4 in this embodiment can be selected as a vulcanized metal plate or any other hard baffle known to those skilled in the art, and the flexible member 5 can be selected as a hard rubber material or any other flexible material known to those skilled in the art.

[0062] Further, see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A snap-on structure 64 is provided at the connection between the hard baffle plate 4 and the flexible member 5, and a fixed connection between the hard baffle plate 4 and the flexible member 5 is achieved through the snap-on structure 64; it should be noted that those skilled in the art can select a specific fixed connection method between the hard baffle plate 4 and the flexible member 5 according to actual production and use requirements, and this embodiment only provides a more preferred implementation scheme.

[0063] Furthermore, the inflatable seal 6 described in this embodiment should be provided with an inflation and exhaust port 61; the inflation and exhaust port 61 is connected to the interior of the inflatable seal 6, and is used to inflate or exhaust the inflatable seal 6, so as to realize the switching of the inflatable seal 6 between the inflation state and the exhaust state.

[0064] Furthermore, when the inflatable seal 6 in this embodiment is in a vacuum state, the inflatable seal 6 can be vacuumed through the inflation vacuum port 61 to place the inflatable seal 6 in a negative pressure state to ensure that the inflatable seal 6 is fully separated from the surrounding rock 2.

[0065] Further, see Figure 1 and Fig. 9 The flexible member 5 in this embodiment can be connected to the lining template 1 by fasteners. For example, the fasteners can be bolts, nuts and other fasteners, which pass through the flexible member 5 to fix the flexible member 5 on the lining template 1. Specifically, there should be multiple fasteners, which are evenly distributed.

[0066] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 A first concave-convex structure 51 is provided on the contact surface between the flexible member 5 and the surrounding rock 2 described in the present invention. When the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, the first concave-convex structure 51 is in contact with the surrounding rock 2. At the same time, the first concave-convex structure 51 is also filled with sealing grease 52, which is used to fill the gap between the surrounding rock 2 and the first concave-convex structure 51.

[0067] In this embodiment, a first concave-convex structure 51 is provided on the contact surface between the flexible member 5 and the surrounding rock 2, so that when the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, the first concave-convex structure 51 and the surrounding rock 2 abut against each other, and a multi-channel sealing structure is formed by the first concave-convex structure 51 and the surrounding rock 2; at the same time, the first concave-convex structure 51 is filled with sealing grease 52, and when the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, the first concave-convex structure 51 abuts against the surrounding rock 2, and the sealing grease 52 further seals the multi-channel sealing structure formed by the first concave-convex structure 51 and the surrounding rock 2, thereby enhancing the sealing effect.

[0068] Furthermore, the first concave-convex structure 51 may be selected as a pleated structure, and the pleated structure may be arranged toward the concrete pouring space 3; it should be noted that the number of pleat layers and shapes are specifically selected by those skilled in the art, and are not further limited in this embodiment.

[0069] Specifically, the sealing grease 52 can be selected as a high-density sealing grease with relatively high viscosity, for example, it can be rubber grease, polyether sealing grease, synthetic oil-based sealing grease or any other sealing grease known to those skilled in the art.

[0070] Furthermore, the sealing grease 52 should be applied or sprayed by the staff when the inflatable seal 6 is in the evacuated state.

[0071] Optionally, refer to Figure 3The inflatable lining end sealing structure described in the present invention also includes an angle limiting mechanism, which is arranged inside the inflatable seal 6. The angle limiting mechanism includes a pull rope 62, and fixing members 63 are arranged at both ends of the pull rope 62. One fixing member 63 passes through the flexible member 5 and is fixedly connected to the lining formwork 1, and the other fixing member 63 is fixedly connected to the hard baffle 4. When the hard baffle 4 and the lining formwork 1 are in a vertical position, the pull rope 62 is in a taut state; the angle limiting mechanism is used to limit the hard baffle 4 when the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, so that the hard baffle 4 is perpendicular to the lining formwork 1, so as to ensure that the concrete structure surface after solidification is a flush surface.

[0072] In this embodiment, the angle limiting mechanism is arranged inside the inflatable seal 6, so as to avoid the angle limiting mechanism being arranged outside the inflatable seal 6 and affecting the flush effect of the concrete structure surface; specifically, the angle limiting mechanism can be a pull rope 62 and fixings 63 at both ends of the pull rope 62, and the hard baffle 4 is limited inside the inflatable seal 6 by the pull rope 62 and the fixings 63; during use, the inflatable seal 6 is inflated to expand the flexible member 5, thereby driving the hard baffle 4 to move, and when the hard baffle 4 moves to a position perpendicular to the lining formwork 1, the pull rope 62 is in a tensioned state, thereby stopping the hard baffle 4 from moving, thereby realizing the limiting function of the hard baffle 4.

[0073] Furthermore, the pull rope 62 described in this embodiment can be specifically selected as a steel wire rope, a nylon rope, a polyester rope or other types of pull ropes known to those skilled in the art. This embodiment only provides some optional solutions. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically select the type of pull rope 62 according to actual production and use requirements.

[0074] Optionally, refer to Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 In the present invention, there are multiple inflatable seals 6, and the multiple inflatable seals 6 are connected in sequence to form a structure that fits the outer wall of the lining template 1.

[0075] In this embodiment, a plurality of inflatable seals 6 are sequentially connected to form a structure that fits the lining formwork 1, so as to seal the concrete pouring space 3 between the lining formwork 1 and the surrounding rock 2. The structure that fits the outer wall of the lining formwork 1 is formed by connecting and enclosing a plurality of inflatable seals 6, and can be adjusted according to the actual construction conditions in use, such as adjusting the number of inflatable seals 6 according to the size of the tunnel, which has higher flexibility.

[0076] For example, the lining formwork 1 can be an arched structure to adapt to the arched surrounding rock 2 in the tunnel. There are multiple inflatable seals 6, all of which are arc-shaped. Multiple inflatable seals 6 are connected in sequence to form an arched structure that fits the lining formwork 1 to seal the concrete pouring space 3 between the lining formwork 1 and the surrounding rock 2.

[0077] Optionally, the height difference of the inflatable seal 6 in the circumferential direction of the lining template 1 is less than or equal to 50 mm; at the same time, when the curvature radius of the surrounding rock 2 in the present invention is less than or equal to 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal 6 is 500 mm; when the curvature radius of the surrounding rock 2 is greater than 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal 6 increases by 150 mm for every increase of 500 mm.

[0078] In this embodiment, the height difference of the inflatable seal 6 in the circumferential direction of the lining template 1 is less than or equal to 50 mm, so that the curvature of the inflatable seal 6 will not be too large to adapt to various tunnel conditions in actual use. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically select the height difference of the inflatable seal 6 in the circumferential direction of the lining template 1 according to actual production and use requirements. This embodiment is only a more preferred solution.

[0079] At the same time, based on the structural strength of the inflatable seal 6 itself and the convenience of production and use, in order to facilitate the arch structure formed by connecting multiple inflatable seals 6 in sequence to adapt to the inner wall of the surrounding rock 2, the arc length of the inflatable seal 6 is matched with the curvature radius of the surrounding rock 2.

[0080] Optionally, refer to Fig.13 and Fig.14 A clamping structure 64 is provided on the contact surface between any two inflatable seals 6 described in the present invention, and the clamping structure 64 is used to connect two adjacent inflatable seals 6.

[0081] In this embodiment, the contact surfaces between the inflatable seals 6 are provided with snap-fit ​​structures 64 . When the inflatable seals 6 are in an inflated state, the snap-fit ​​structures 64 expand and snap-fit ​​each other, thereby realizing the sequential connection of the inflatable seals 6 .

[0082] Furthermore, the clamping structure 64 is arranged on the flexible member 5 . When the inflatable seal 6 is in an inflated state, the flexible member 5 expands, causing the clamping structure 64 to expand and seal, thereby achieving a better sealing effect and preventing concrete slurry from leaking out from between the inflatable seals 6 .

[0083] Specifically, the snap-fit ​​structure 64 can be configured as either a protrusion or a groove, so that when the inflatable seals 6 are connected in sequence, the connection and sealing are completed by inserting the protrusion into the groove.

[0084] Optionally, refer to Fig.15The inflatable lining end sealing structure described in the present invention also includes a pressure sensor 65 and an exhaust assembly 66; the pressure sensor 65 is arranged on the hard baffle 4, and is used to detect the grouting pressure of the concrete in the concrete pouring space 3; the exhaust assembly 66 passes through the inflatable seal 6, and connects the concrete pouring space 3 and the external space.

[0085] In this embodiment, by arranging a pressure sensor 65 on the hard baffle plate 4, the grouting pressure of the concrete is detected when grouting concrete into the concrete pouring space 3, so that the progress and quality of the concrete grouting can be detected according to the change of the grouting pressure; by arranging an exhaust component 66, when the concrete grouting operation is performed in the concrete pouring space 3, the air in the concrete pouring space 3 is discharged through the exhaust component 66 to maintain the air pressure balance of the concrete pouring space 3.

[0086] Furthermore, during use, the detection result of the pressure sensor 65 can be collected and fed back to the grouting pump truck system, and the grouting pressure can be adjusted according to the detected grouting pressure of the concrete pouring space 3, thereby improving the construction quality.

[0087] Furthermore, the exhaust assembly 66 should also include a filter and a valve. The filter can be set at the inlet of the exhaust assembly 66 to prevent concrete slurry from entering the exhaust assembly 66. The valve is set at the outlet of the exhaust assembly 66. After the exhaust is completed, the valve is closed. Specifically, each time the exhaust assembly 66 is used for exhaust, the exhaust assembly 66 should be cleaned to ensure smooth exhaust.

[0088] Furthermore, the exhaust assembly 66 should be a flexible structure so as to follow the movement of the inflatable seal 6 during the inflation and deflating operations and to facilitate cleaning.

[0089] Further, the inflatable seal 6 with the pressure sensor 65 and the exhaust assembly 66 can be used as an inflatable seal 67 with exhaust function, see Fig.16 During use, one or more inflatable seals 67 with exhaust function can be connected in sequence with multiple inflatable seals 6 that are not equipped with pressure sensors 65 and exhaust components 66 to form an arch structure to seal the concrete pouring space 3. The concrete pouring space 3 can be exhausted and the grouting pressure can be detected through the inflatable seals 67 with exhaust function.

[0090] Second, refer to Fig.17 and Fig.18 The present invention also provides a lining trolley, which includes a trolley body 7, a lining template 1 and any one of the above inflatable lining end sealing structures; the lining template 1 is arched and is covered on the trolley body 7, and the end of the lining template 1 close to the forward direction of the trolley body 7 is the front end 11.

[0091] In this embodiment, a lining trolley is provided, in which a concrete pouring space 3 is formed by an inner lining formwork 1 and surrounding rock 2, and the concrete pouring space 3 is sealed by an inflatable lining end sealing structure, so that during the secondary lining construction, concrete slurry will not leak out, ensuring that the concrete grouting pressure is stable, thereby ensuring the quality of the secondary lining construction.

[0092] Furthermore, the trolley body 7 and the lining template 1 are fixedly connected via a plurality of support frames.

[0093] Furthermore, the trolley body 7 may also include a traveling mechanism for driving the trolley body 7 and the lining template 1 to move in the tunnel, specifically, along a traveling track.

[0094] Optionally, refer to Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 , Fig. 22 and Fig.23 The end of the lining formwork 1 described in the present invention that is away from the forward direction of the trolley body 7 is the rear end head 12; the lining trolley also includes a rear end sealing structure 9, which is arranged on the rear end head 12 and partially extends out of the lining formwork 1, and the rear end sealing structure 9 is arranged on the side of the lining formwork 1 close to the trolley body 7; the rear end sealing structure 9 includes a mounting structure 91 and an inflatable flexible seal 92; the mounting structure 91 is arranged on the rear end head 12, and the inflatable flexible seal 92 is fixedly connected to the mounting structure 91; the inflatable flexible seal 92 includes an inflated state and a deflated state; when the inflatable flexible seal 92 is in the inflated state, the inflatable flexible seal 92 expands and abuts against the adjacent concrete structure 8 to seal the gap between the adjacent concrete structure 8 and the lining formwork 1; when the inflatable flexible seal 92 is in the deflated state, the inflatable flexible seal 92 shrinks and separates from the adjacent concrete structure 8; wherein the adjacent concrete structure 8 refers to the solidified concrete close to the rear end head 12.

[0095] In the specific construction process, after the concrete solidification and demoulding of a tunnel area is completed, the lining trolley is moved to the next tunnel area to be constructed, and the structural surface of the adjacent concrete structure 8 is enclosed with the lining formwork 1, the surrounding rock 2 and the inflatable lining end sealing structure to form a concrete pouring space 3 in the next area to be constructed, and concrete grouting operation is performed in the concrete pouring space 3, and the above construction process is repeated until the secondary lining construction goal of the entire tunnel is completed.

[0096] In the above construction process, since there are irregular bumps on the concrete surface, refer to Fig.19 , the sealing between the rear end head 12 and the adjacent concrete structure 8 is prone to be poor, resulting in leakage of concrete slurry.

[0097] In this embodiment, a rear end sealing structure 9 is provided at the rear end head 12 of the lining formwork 1, so that the rear end sealing structure 9 extends out of the lining formwork 1 and abuts against the adjacent concrete structure 8, thereby sealing the gap between the adjacent concrete structure 8 and the lining formwork 1 through the rear end sealing structure 9; specifically, the rear end head 12 is provided with a mounting structure 91, and the gap between the adjacent concrete structure 8 and the lining formwork 1 is sealed by an inflatable flexible sealing member 92 fixed on the mounting structure 91.

[0098] Furthermore, the mounting structure 91 in this embodiment can be a mounting groove, and the inflatable flexible seal 92 is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove. The inflated state of the inflatable flexible seal 92 is limited by the mounting groove structure, and the inflatable flexible seal 92 is abutted against the adjacent concrete structure 8 to play a sealing role.

[0099] Further, the inflatable flexible seal 92 can be fixedly connected to the mounting structure 91 by fasteners, for example, the fasteners can be selected as fasteners such as bolts and nuts, so that the inflatable flexible seal 92 is fixedly connected to the mounting structure 91. Specifically, the fasteners should be multiple and evenly distributed.

[0100] Furthermore, the inflatable flexible sealing member 92 in this embodiment can be made of hard rubber or any other flexible material known to those skilled in the art.

[0101] Furthermore, an inflation exhaust hole 921 is provided in the inflatable flexible seal 92, and the inflation exhaust hole 921 is connected to the interior of the inflatable flexible seal 92, and is used to inflate or deflate the inflatable flexible seal 92, so as to realize the switching of the inflatable flexible seal 92 between the inflated state and the deflated state.

[0102] Furthermore, when the inflatable flexible seal 92 in this embodiment is in a evacuated state, the inflatable flexible seal 92 can be evacuated through the inflation exhaust hole 921 to place the inflatable flexible seal 92 in a negative pressure state to ensure that the inflatable flexible seal 92 is fully separated from the adjacent concrete structure 8.

[0103] Further, see Fig.23 In this embodiment, a second concave-convex structure 922 is provided on the contact surface between the inflatable flexible seal 92 and the adjacent concrete structure 8. The second concave-convex structure 922 is filled with sealing grease 52. The sealing grease 52 is used to fill the gap between the adjacent concrete structure 8 and the second concave-convex structure 922. When the inflatable flexible seal 92 is in an inflated state, the second concave-convex structure 922 abuts against the adjacent concrete structure 8.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second concave-convex structure 922 is filled with sealing grease 52. When the inflatable flexible seal 92 is in an inflated state, the second concave-convex structure 922 is abutted against the adjacent concrete structure 8. The sealing grease 52 is filled in the groove of the second concave-convex structure 922, and together with the second concave-convex structure 922, a multi-channel sealing structure is formed to further improve the sealing effect.

[0105] Furthermore, the second concave-convex structure 922 may be selected as a pleated structure, and the pleated structure may be arranged toward the concrete pouring space 3; it should be noted that the number of pleat layers and shapes are specifically selected by those skilled in the art, and are not further limited in this embodiment.

[0106] Specifically, the sealing grease 52 can be selected as a high-density sealing grease with relatively high viscosity, for example, it can be rubber grease, polyether sealing grease, synthetic oil-based sealing grease or any other sealing grease known to those skilled in the art.

[0107] Furthermore, the sealing grease 52 should be applied or sprayed by the staff when the inflatable flexible sealing member 92 is in the evacuated state.

[0108] Further, see Fig.24 and Fig.25 The inflatable flexible seal 92 described in this embodiment can be arc-shaped and can be multiple, and multiple inflatable flexible seals 92 are connected in sequence to form an arch structure to fit the adjacent concrete structure 8.

[0109] In this embodiment, the inflatable flexible seal 92 is arc-shaped and there are multiple inflatable flexible seals 92. In actual engineering construction, multiple inflatable flexible seals 92 are connected and enclosed to form an arch structure, which can be adjusted according to the actual construction conditions in use, such as adjusting the number of inflatable flexible seals 92 according to the size of the tunnel, which has higher flexibility.

[0110] Further, see Fig.24 and Fig.25 A connecting structure is provided on the contact surface of any two inflatable flexible seals 92. When the inflatable flexible seals 92 are in an inflated state, the connecting structures expand and engage with each other, thereby realizing the sequential connection and sealing of the inflatable flexible seals 92.

[0111] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a lining end sealing method, which is used for the inflatable lining end sealing structure described in any of the above embodiments, and the lining end sealing method at least comprises:

[0112] The inflatable seal 6 is placed in the concrete pouring space 3. Before pouring concrete into the concrete pouring space 3, the inflatable seal 6 is inflated to expand the inflatable seal 6 until the flexible member 5 is completely in contact with the lining formwork 1 and the surrounding rock 2.

[0113] After the concrete poured into the concrete pouring space 3 solidifies, the inflatable seal 6 is evacuated to put the inflatable seal 6 in an evacuated state, the flexible member 5 contracts, the hard baffle 4 loosens, and the demoulding of the concrete is completed.

[0114] In this embodiment, the inflatable seal 6 is switched between the inflated state and the deflating state by inflating or deflating the inflatable seal 6; when the inflatable seal 6 is in the inflated state, the flexible member 5 and the surrounding rock 2 are against each other, and a seal is formed by the expansion and deformation of the flexible member 5; after the concrete solidifies, the inflatable seal 6 is deflated to enter the deflating state, so that the hard baffle 4 is loosened, and the demoulding of the concrete is completed. The lining end sealing method provided in this embodiment solves the problem that when the grouting operation is performed in the concrete pouring space 3, the concrete slurry leaks along the gap, resulting in a decrease in the concrete grouting pressure and a reduction in the secondary lining construction quality of the tunnel.

[0115] Furthermore, before placing the inflatable seal 6 in the concrete pouring space 3 , the staff should also apply or spray the sealing grease 52 on the first concave-convex structure 51 .

[0116] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0117] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An inflatable lining end sealing structure, arranged in a concrete pouring space (3) formed between a lining template (1) and surrounding rock (2) of an inner wall of a tunnel, wherein the lining template (1) comprises a front end head (11), characterized in that: The inflatable lining end sealing structure comprises a hard baffle (4) and a flexible member (5); The flexible member (5) is fixedly connected to the lining template (1); the hard baffle (4) is arranged on a side of the flexible member (5) away from the front end head (11); the hard baffle (4) is fixedly connected to the flexible member (5) to enclose and form an inflatable seal (6); The inflatable seal (6) is arranged close to the front end head (11); The inflatable seal (6) includes an inflated state and a deflated state; When the inflatable seal (6) is in the inflated state, the inflatable seal (6) expands, causing the flexible member (5) to abut against the surrounding rock (2), and the hard baffle (4) to be perpendicular to the lining template (1) to seal the gap between the lining template (1) and the surrounding rock (2); When the inflatable seal (6) is in the degassing state, the inflatable seal (6) contracts, the flexible member (5) separates from the surrounding rock (2), and the hard baffle (4) loosens, thereby completing the demoulding of the concrete.

2. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first concave-convex structure (51) is provided on the contact surface between the flexible member (5) and the surrounding rock (2); when the inflatable seal (6) is in the inflated state, the first concave-convex structure (51) is in contact with the surrounding rock (2); The first concave-convex structure (51) is filled with sealing grease (52).

3. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable lining end sealing structure further comprises an angle limiting mechanism, which is arranged inside the inflatable sealing member (6); the angle limiting mechanism comprises a drawstring (62), and fixing members (63) are arranged at both ends of the drawstring (62), the fixing member (63) at one end passes through the flexible member (5) and is fixedly connected to the lining template (1), and the fixing member (63) at the other end is fixedly connected to the hard baffle (4); When the hard baffle (4) is perpendicular to the lining template (1), the pull rope (62) is tightened; The angle limiting mechanism is used to limit the hard baffle plate (4) when the inflatable seal (6) is in the inflated state, so that the hard baffle plate (4) is perpendicular to the lining template (1).

4. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of inflatable seals (6), and the plurality of inflatable seals (6) are connected in sequence to form a structure that fits the outer wall of the lining template (1).

5. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the circumferential direction of the lining template (1), the height difference between the inflatable seal (6) and the lining template (1) is less than or equal to 50 mm; When the radius of curvature of the surrounding rock (2) is less than or equal to 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal (6) is 500 mm; When the radius of curvature of the surrounding rock (2) is greater than 1500 mm, the arc length of the inflatable seal (6) increases by 150 mm for every increase of 500 mm.

6. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clamping structure (64) is provided on the contact surface between any two of the inflatable seals (6), and the clamping structure (64) is used to connect two adjacent inflatable seals (6).

7. The inflatable lining end sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable lining end sealing structure also includes a pressure sensor (65) and an exhaust assembly (66); Wherein, the pressure sensor (65) is arranged on the hard baffle (4) and is used to detect the grouting pressure of the concrete in the concrete pouring space (3); The exhaust assembly (66) passes through the inflatable seal (6) and communicates with the concrete pouring space (3) and the external space.

8. A lining trolley, characterized in that: The lining trolley comprises a trolley body (7), a lining template (1) and an inflatable lining end sealing structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The lining template (1) is arched and is covered on the trolley body (7); the end of the lining template (1) close to the forward direction of the trolley body (7) is the front end (11).

9. The lining trolley according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the lining template (1) that is away from the forward direction of the trolley body (7) is a rear end head (12); The lining trolley further comprises a rear end sealing structure (9), the rear end sealing structure (9) being arranged at the rear end head (12) and partially extending out of the lining template (1), and the rear end sealing structure (9) being arranged at a side of the lining template (1) close to the trolley body (7); The rear end sealing structure (9) comprises a mounting structure (91) and an inflatable flexible sealing member (92); the mounting structure (91) is arranged on the rear end head (12), and the inflatable flexible sealing member (92) is fixedly connected to the mounting structure (91); the inflatable flexible sealing member (92) comprises an inflated state and a deflated state; When the inflatable flexible seal (92) is in the inflated state, the inflatable flexible seal (92) expands and abuts against the adjacent concrete structure (8) to seal the gap between the adjacent concrete structure (8) and the lining formwork (1); When the inflatable flexible seal (92) is in the deflating state, the inflatable flexible seal (92) contracts and separates from the adjacent concrete structure (8); The adjacent concrete structure (8) refers to the solidified concrete close to the rear end head (12).

10. A lining end sealing method, used for the inflatable lining end sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Placing an inflatable seal (6) in a concrete pouring space (3), and before pouring concrete into the concrete pouring space (3), inflating the interior of the inflatable seal (6) to expand the inflatable seal (6) until the flexible member (5) is completely in contact with the lining formwork (1) and the surrounding rock (2); After the concrete poured into the concrete pouring space (3) solidifies, the inflatable seal (6) is evacuated to put the inflatable seal (6) in an evacuated state, the flexible member (5) contracts, and the hard baffle (4) loosens, thereby completing the demoulding of the concrete.

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