A ship power system fault detection device and detection method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ship power system fault detection device and a detection method, which belong to the technical field of ship power system fault detection. A ship power system fault detection device includes a central processing unit, a plurality of wireless sensors, a generator fault detection mechanism and a cathode protection power supply box fault detection mechanism; the plurality of wireless sensors, the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathode protection power supply box fault detection mechanism are all in communication with the central processing unit, and the generator fault detection mechanism includes a generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, a generator belt loosening detection unit and a generator voltage regulator fault detection unit. At the same time, a detection method based on the above device is disclosed, which adopts the above ship power system fault detection device and detection method, has a fault location function, can realize the determination of the fault type, is convenient for maintenance personnel to carry out repairs according to the fault type in time, and makes the detection more comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship power system fault detection, and in particular to a ship power system fault detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] The ship's power system is a vital component of the ship. It is responsible for providing electrical energy to the entire ship's electrical equipment, including the propulsion system, navigation equipment, communication facilities, and living facilities. Existing power system fault detection generally focuses on the detection of propulsion system faults, that is, the fault detection of the main engine and the standby engine. The circuit breaker status is detected by wireless sensors to achieve fault detection. For example, patent No. CN202111035865.8 discloses a ship power system fault detection method, terminal equipment, and storage medium. The specific method is as follows: collect the switch quantity information of each circuit breaker under the fault state of the ship power system; construct the objective function, convert the fault state detection problem of each component in the ship power system into the problem of maximizing the objective function; according to the action principle of the main protection, the first backup protection and the second backup protection in the ship power system, construct the calculation formula of Dmi *(S), Dpi *(S) and Dqi *(S) determined by the fault state S of each component; update the fault state S of each component by improving the quantum genetic algorithm, and calculate the maximum value of the objective function corresponding to each fault state S, and use the fault state S corresponding to the maximum value as the fault state of each component in the ship power system, and then judge the faulty component. It is realized that when the equipment fails, the circuit breaker trips so that the system can quickly isolate the fault area and locate the fault, thereby improving the safety factor of the ship's navigation. However, the ship power system fault detection method described in the above technical scheme only locates the fault but does not determine the type of fault. Maintenance personnel still need to conduct on-site inspection before repair, which has low maintenance efficiency. In addition, there are other faults in the ship power system that will affect the normal power supply, the life of the ship, or directly cause the overall power failure of the ship power system. The existing fault detection is not comprehensive enough, and a more comprehensive ship power system fault detection device and detection method are urgently needed to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ship power system fault detection device and a detection method to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a ship power system fault detection device, including a central processing unit and a plurality of wireless sensors for detecting the status of a circuit breaker, the wireless sensors communicate with the central processing unit, and also include a generator fault detection mechanism and a cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism; the generator fault detection mechanism includes a generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, a generator belt loosening detection unit and a generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit, the generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, the generator belt loosening detection unit and the generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit all communicate with the central processing unit through a generator fault detection terminal; the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism communicates with the central processing unit.

[0005] Preferably, the generator heat dissipation fault detection unit includes a coolant level sensor, a wind speed sensor arranged on one side of the cooling fan, a speed sensor arranged on the cooling fan, and a temperature sensor arranged on the generator. The coolant level sensor, wind speed sensor, speed sensor and temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0006] Preferably, the generator belt loosening detection unit includes an electric push rod arranged above the generator belt, a pressure sensor is arranged on the telescopic end of the electric push rod, an anti-wear component is arranged on the outside of the pressure sensor, the anti-wear component includes a fixed tube and a ball arranged in the fixed tube, a limit ring is arranged on the inner side of the outer end of the fixed tube, and the electric push rod and the pressure sensor are both electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0007] Preferably, the generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit includes an input voltage detection sensor, an output voltage detection sensor and a detection power supply, the detection power supply is connected to the output end of the generator voltage stabilizer through a detection switch, and the detection power supply, the detection switch, the input voltage detection sensor and the output voltage detection sensor are all electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0008] Preferably, the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism includes a current sensor arranged at the output end of the cathodic protection power supply box and two parallel mounting rails, a movable seat is arranged on the mounting rail, a wire clamping cylinder is arranged on the movable seat through a wire pulling cylinder, the movable seat, the wire pulling cylinder, the wire clamping cylinder and the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box are all electrically connected to the cathodic protection controller in the cathodic protection power supply box, and the cathodic protection controller communicates with the central processing unit.

[0009] A detection method based on the above-mentioned ship power system fault detection device, the specific steps are as follows:

[0010] Step S1: real-time data from wireless sensors, generator fault detection mechanisms and cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanisms are collected, and the central processor determines the location of the fault node through the collected data; the central processor further determines the fault type through the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism according to the location of the fault node, and the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism send the fault type to the central processor;

[0011] Step S2: The central processor sends the fault type to the terminal of the maintenance personnel.

[0012] Preferably, when a heat dissipation fault is determined according to the node position of the wireless sensor, the overheating circuit breaker is disconnected, and the faulty node is determined according to the data of the coolant level sensor, the wind speed sensor, and the speed sensor; when the coolant level detected by the coolant level sensor is lower than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the radiator, and the fault type is insufficient coolant; the predicted wind speed is calculated based on the data of the speed sensor, and when the difference between the predicted wind speed and the actual wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the cooling fan, and the fault type is that the cooling fan is blocked from blowing out air; when the difference between the speed collected by the speed sensor and the set speed is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the cooling fan, and the fault type is a cooling fan failure; the generator temperature is collected in real time, and when the generator temperature continues to increase within a set time period and the growth rate is greater than the set value of the temperature rise limit, a first-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued, and when the generator temperature is higher than or equal to the set value of the maximum temperature, a second-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued.

[0013] Preferably, when an overvoltage fault is determined according to the node position of the wireless sensor, the overvoltage protection circuit breaker is disconnected; after the detection power supply is turned on, the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is detected, and when the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the generator voltage stabilizer, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is too high; if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator voltage stabilizer is normal; the input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator, and when the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the generator, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator is too high; if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator is determined to be normal.

[0014] Preferably, when an undervoltage fault is determined according to the node position of the wireless sensor, the undervoltage protection circuit breaker is disconnected; after the detection power supply is turned on, the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is detected, and if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator voltage stabilizer is normal; when the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the fault node is determined to be the generator voltage stabilizer, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is too low; the input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator, and if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator is determined to be normal; the input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator, and if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the fault node is determined to be the generator, and the electric push rod is started so that the ball contacts the generator belt until the pressure value of the pressure sensor reaches the set value, the electric push rod stops extending, and at this time the stroke of the electric push rod is greater than the set stroke, then the fault type is determined to be a loose generator belt, and if the stroke of the electric push rod is less than or equal to the set stroke, then the fault type is a generator fault and the output voltage is too low.

[0015] Preferably, the current of the current sensor set at the output end of the cathodic protection power supply box is collected in real time. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, it is determined that the output of the cathodic protection power supply box is normal; when the difference between the collected current and the set current is greater than the set value, it is determined that the output of the cathodic protection power supply box is abnormal. After the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box is disconnected, the first module connection line is pulled out through one of the clamping cylinders, and the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box is closed again to collect the output current of the cathodic protection power supply box. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, the first module is normal, otherwise the first module is faulty; the second module and the third module are detected in turn in the same way; after the detection is completed, the connection line of the non-faulty module is pulled out through one of the clamping cylinders and moved to one end of the mounting track, the connection line of the faulty module is pulled out and moved to the unconnected module position through another clamping cylinder, and the connection line of the faulty module is inserted into the connection position of the non-faulty module, and the output current of the cathodic protection power supply box is collected. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, it means that the module is normal, otherwise the module control circuit in the cathodic protection controller is damaged.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned ship power system fault detection device and detection method, which has the beneficial effect: while having the fault locating function, a generator fault detection mechanism and a cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism are also provided to determine the type of fault, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to carry out repairs in time according to the fault type, and the detection is more comprehensive.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ship power system fault detection device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a generator belt loosening detection unit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fault detection mechanism of the cathodic protection power supply box of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals

[0022] 1. Electric push rod; 2. Pressure sensor; 3. Fixed tube; 4. Ball; 5. Limit ring; 6. Mounting track; 7. Moving seat; 8. Wire pulling cylinder; 9. Wire clamping cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Example

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a ship power system fault detection device includes a central processing unit and a plurality of wireless sensors for detecting the status of circuit breakers. The wireless sensors communicate with the central processing unit. The wireless sensors are arranged according to actual conditions, and the specific setting positions are not limited here.

[0027] This embodiment also includes a generator fault detection mechanism, which includes a generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, a generator belt looseness detection unit and a generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit. The generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, the generator belt looseness detection unit and the generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit all communicate with the central processing unit through the generator fault detection terminal.

[0028] The generator heat dissipation fault detection unit is used to detect the temperature of the generator in real time and monitor its heat dissipation components, such as the coolant level, the operating status of the cooling fan and whether the air outlet is blocked. The generator heat dissipation fault detection unit includes a coolant level sensor, a wind speed sensor arranged on one side of the cooling fan, a speed sensor arranged on the cooling fan and a temperature sensor arranged on the generator. The coolant level sensor, wind speed sensor, speed sensor and temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0029] The generator belt looseness detection unit is used to detect the tightness of the belt, such as Figure 2 As shown, the generator belt looseness detection unit includes an electric push rod 1 arranged above the generator belt, a pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the telescopic end of the electric push rod 1, an anti-wear component is arranged on the outside of the pressure sensor 2, the anti-wear component includes a fixed tube 3 and a ball 4 arranged in the fixed tube 3, a limit ring 5 is arranged on the inner side of the outer end of the fixed tube 3, so as to realize the tightness detection during the operation of the generator, and at the same time, it can also assist in adjusting the tightness of the belt in an emergency, that is, it is used to tighten the belt and improve the transmission efficiency. The electric push rod 1 and the pressure sensor 2 are both electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0030] The generator voltage stabilizer fault detection unit includes an input voltage detection sensor, an output voltage detection sensor and a detection power supply. The detection power supply is connected to the output end of the generator voltage stabilizer through a detection switch. The detection power supply, the detection switch, the input voltage detection sensor and the output voltage detection sensor are all electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal.

[0031] This embodiment is also provided with a cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fault detection mechanism of the cathodic protection power supply box includes a current sensor arranged at the output end of the cathodic protection power supply box and two parallel mounting rails 6, a movable seat 7 is arranged on the mounting rail 6, a wire clamping cylinder 9 is arranged on the movable seat 7 through a wire pulling cylinder 8, the movable seat 7, the wire pulling cylinder 8, the wire clamping cylinder 9 and the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box are all electrically connected to the cathodic protection controller in the cathodic protection power supply box, and the cathodic protection controller communicates with the central processing unit.

[0032] A detection method for the above-mentioned ship power system fault detection device, the specific steps are as follows:

[0033] Step S1: real-time data from wireless sensors, generator fault detection mechanisms and cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanisms are collected, and the central processor determines the location of the fault node through the collected data; the central processor further determines the fault type through the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism according to the location of the fault node, and the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism send the fault type to the central processor;

[0034] When a heat dissipation fault is determined according to the node position of the wireless sensor, the overheating circuit breaker is disconnected, and the faulty node is determined according to the data of the coolant level sensor, wind speed sensor, and rotation speed sensor.

[0035] When the coolant level detected by the coolant level sensor is lower than the set value, the fault node is determined to be the radiator and the fault type is insufficient coolant.

[0036] The predicted wind speed is calculated based on the data from the speed sensor. When the difference between the predicted wind speed and the actual wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor is greater than the set value, it is determined that the faulty node is the cooling fan and the fault type is that the cooling fan air outlet is blocked.

[0037] When the difference between the speed collected by the speed sensor and the set speed is greater than the set value, it is determined that the faulty node is the cooling fan and the fault type is a cooling fan fault.

[0038] The generator temperature is collected in real time. When the generator temperature continues to increase within the set time period and the growth rate is greater than the set value of the temperature rise limit, a first-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued. When the generator temperature is higher than or equal to the set value of the maximum temperature, a second-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued.

[0039] When an overvoltage fault is determined according to the node position of the wireless sensor, the overvoltage protection circuit breaker is disconnected; after the detection power supply is turned on, the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is detected. When the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the generator voltage stabilizer, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator voltage stabilizer is too high. If the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator voltage stabilizer is normal; the input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator. When the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the faulty node is determined to be the generator, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator is too high; if the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator is normal.

[0040] When the node position of the wireless sensor determines that it is an undervoltage fault, the undervoltage protection circuit breaker is disconnected; after the detection power supply is turned on, the output voltage of the generator voltage regulator is detected. If the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator voltage regulator is normal; when the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the fault node is determined to be the generator voltage regulator, and the fault type is that the output voltage of the generator voltage regulator is too low. The input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator. If the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is less than or equal to the set value, the generator is determined to be normal; the input voltage detection sensor detects the output voltage of the generator. If the voltage difference between the output voltage and the set value is greater than the set value, the fault node is determined to be the generator, and the electric push rod 1 is started so that the ball 4 fits the generator belt until the pressure value of the pressure sensor 2 reaches the set value, the electric push rod 1 stops extending, and at this time the stroke of the electric push rod 1 is greater than the set stroke, then the fault type is determined to be the loose generator belt, and the stroke of the electric push rod 1 is less than or equal to the set stroke, then the fault type is the generator fault and the output voltage is too low.

[0041] The current of the current sensor set at the output end of the cathodic protection power supply box is collected in real time. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, it is determined that the output of the cathodic protection power supply box is normal; when the difference between the collected current and the set current is greater than the set value, it is determined that the output of the cathodic protection power supply box is abnormal. After the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box is disconnected, the first module connection line is pulled out through one of the clamping cylinders 9, and the circuit breaker in the cathodic protection power supply box is closed again. The output current of the cathodic protection power supply box is collected. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, the first module is normal, otherwise the first module is faulty; the second module and the third module are detected in sequence in the same way.

[0042] After the detection is completed, the connecting wire of the non-faulty module is pulled out through one of the wire clamping cylinders 9 and moved to one end of the mounting track 6. The connecting wire of the faulty module is pulled out and moved to the unconnected module position through another clamping cylinder, and the connecting wire of the faulty module is inserted into the connection position of the non-faulty module. The output current of the cathodic protection power supply box is collected. When the difference between the collected current and the set current is less than or equal to the set value, it indicates that the module is normal. Otherwise, the module control circuit in the cathodic protection controller is damaged.

[0043] Step S2: The central processor sends the fault type to the terminal of the maintenance personnel, so that the maintenance personnel can check the fault node and fault type.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection method based on a ship power system fault detection device, characterized in that: The ship power system fault detection device includes a central processing unit and a plurality of wireless sensors for detecting the state of the circuit breaker, the wireless sensors communicate with the central processing unit, and also includes a generator fault detection mechanism and a cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism; the generator fault detection mechanism includes a generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, a generator belt loosening detection unit and a generator voltage regulator fault detection unit, the generator heat dissipation fault detection unit, the generator belt loosening detection unit and the generator voltage regulator fault detection unit all communicate with the central processing unit through the generator fault detection terminal; the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism communicates with the central processing unit; The generator heat dissipation fault detection unit includes a coolant level sensor, a wind speed sensor arranged on one side of the cooling fan, a speed sensor arranged on the cooling fan, and a temperature sensor arranged on the generator, and the coolant level sensor, the wind speed sensor, the speed sensor, and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the generator fault detection terminal; The specific steps of the detection method are as follows: Step S1: real-time data from wireless sensors, generator fault detection mechanisms and cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanisms are collected, and the central processor determines the location of the fault node through the collected data; the central processor further determines the fault type through the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism according to the location of the fault node, and the generator fault detection mechanism and the cathodic protection power supply box fault detection mechanism send the fault type to the central processor; It includes disconnecting the overheating circuit breaker when it is determined as a heat dissipation fault according to the node position of the wireless sensor, and determining the faulty node according to the data of the coolant level sensor, the wind speed sensor, and the speed sensor; when the coolant level detected by the coolant level sensor is lower than the set value, determining the faulty node to be the radiator, and the fault type is insufficient coolant; calculating the predicted wind speed according to the data of the speed sensor, and when the difference between the predicted wind speed and the actual wind speed collected by the wind speed sensor is greater than the set value, determining the faulty node to be the cooling fan, and the fault type is that the cooling fan is blocked from blowing out air; when the difference between the speed collected by the speed sensor and the set speed is greater than the set value, determining the faulty node to be the cooling fan, and the fault type is a cooling fan fault; the temperature sensor collects the generator temperature in real time, and when the generator temperature continues to increase within the set time period and the growth rate is greater than the set value of the temperature rise limit, a first-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued, and when the generator temperature is higher than or equal to the set value of the maximum temperature value, a second-level heat dissipation fault alarm is issued; Step S2: The central processor sends the fault type to the terminal of the maintenance personnel.

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