Three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system based on quantum magnetic field

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system based on a quantum magnetic field, and relates to the field of joint fault positioning. A common cable joint fault positioning method at present has the problems of low detection efficiency, easiness in environmental interference, need of manual on-site positioning and time hysteresis. The method comprises the following steps that three quantum magnetic sensors are placed at the left end and the right end of a cable middle connector respectively, the two quantum magnetic sensors rotate around a cable respectively, and the maximum value point of a magnetic field is found and fixed to the position, at the position, of the cable; acquiring and comparing data of the quantum magnetic sensors, if the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors are the same, determining that the cable intermediate joint is normal, otherwise, determining that the cable intermediate joint is suspected to have a fault; the quantum magnetic sensors are paired, and if a falling quantum magnetic sensor exists, it is judged that the intermediate joint breaks down. The technical scheme has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, high environmental adaptability and capability of giving an alarm in real time, and the safety and stability of the system can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of joint fault locating, and in particular to a method for locating a three-core cable intermediate joint fault based on a quantum magnetic field. Background Art

[0002] In modern power, communication and other fields, three-core cables are widely used in power transmission and signal transmission. However, as the use time increases, the middle joint of the cable may fail, resulting in interruption of power or signal transmission. The failure of the middle joint will not only affect the normal operation of the equipment, but also may bring potential safety hazards. Therefore, accurate positioning and timely handling of the fault of the middle joint of the cable is crucial to improve the safety and stability of the system.

[0003] At present, the commonly used method for locating cable joint faults is acoustic detection. Its working principle is to use acoustic equipment to detect the cable from beginning to end, and abnormal discharge sound can be monitored at the fault point. Although acoustic detection can accurately locate the fault, its detection efficiency is low, it is affected by external environmental factors, and personnel need to go to the site to use instruments to locate the fault point, so it has a certain time lag. Therefore, a cable fault judgment and detection method with high efficiency, low environmental impact factors and real-time alarm is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved and the technical task proposed by the present invention are to improve and perfect the existing technical solutions, and provide a method and system for locating the fault of the intermediate joint of a three-core cable based on quantum magnetic field, so as to achieve the purpose of fault detection with high efficiency, low environmental impact and real-time alarm. To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for locating a fault in a three-core cable intermediate joint based on a quantum magnetic field, which comprises the following steps: 1) Three quantum magnetic sensors are placed on the left and right ends of the middle joint of the cable, forming two groups of quantum magnetic sensors on the left and right. Each group of quantum magnetic sensors is evenly arranged on the same radial cross section of the cable; 2) Two groups of quantum magnetic sensors rotate around the cable respectively to find the maximum point of the magnetic field. After finding the maximum point of the magnetic field, the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable at that position; 3) Obtain data from the quantum magnetic sensor; 4) Compare the acquired data. If the difference of the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is in a normal state; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; 5) The two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are paired left and right according to the measured data. If the difference in the data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, the pairing is considered successful, and the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint at that location is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty.

[0006] This technical solution improves the efficiency of current cable intermediate joint fault detection without increasing too much device complexity and implementation cost. This technical solution has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, strong environmental adaptability and real-time alarm, overcoming the limitations of traditional detection methods, providing new technical means for cable maintenance in the power and communications industries, and can effectively improve the safety and stability of the system. Specifically: By using quantum magnetic sensors to accurately measure the magnetic field changes at the middle joint of the cable, it is possible to detect small faults in the cable joint with high precision. Compared with traditional electrical detection methods, quantum magnetic sensors have higher sensitivity and can accurately locate faults without damaging the cable.

[0007] This method can quickly detect anomalies when a cable joint fails. By comparing the measurement data of multiple sensors, it can determine in real time whether a fault has occurred and provide an immediate alarm function, thus avoiding the lag often found in traditional methods and improving the response speed and repair efficiency.

[0008] Traditional acoustic detection methods are easily interfered by factors such as environmental noise and temperature changes, while quantum magnetic sensors do not rely on the transmission of sound waves or electrical signals, reducing the impact of environmental factors on detection results, thereby improving the reliability of fault location.

[0009] Through the preset quantum magnetic sensor network and automated data processing methods, remote monitoring and automatic judgment can be achieved, avoiding the tedious and high cost of traditional acoustic detection methods that require manual on-site operation, reducing manpower input and operational complexity.

[0010] By evenly arranging quantum magnetic sensors at both ends of the cable and rotating them, adjusting the position of the quantum magnetic sensors, and finding the maximum value of the magnetic field, it helps to avoid magnetic field measurement errors caused by improper sensor position. The maximum point usually corresponds to the area where the magnetic field changes most significantly, which means that the magnetic field change at the fault location is the most obvious. Therefore, the measurement results can provide higher positioning accuracy, help improve the sensitivity and reliability of cable fault detection, and avoid misjudgment or omissions caused by uneven magnetic field distribution.

[0011] As a preferred technical means: the quantum magnetic sensor is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect.

[0012] Quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect have extremely high sensitivity and can accurately measure tiny magnetic field changes. The Zeeman effect uses the splitting characteristics of the atomic energy level to obtain extremely high magnetic field resolution through the quantum interference effect, which enables quantum magnetic sensors to accurately sense tiny changes in low-intensity magnetic fields. For weak magnetic field changes generated by fault points such as cable joints, sensors based on the Zeeman effect can accurately capture and locate the fault location.

[0013] Quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect can provide lower noise levels and higher signal-to-noise ratios. Traditional magnetic sensors may be affected by external environmental noise (such as electromagnetic interference, temperature fluctuations, etc.), resulting in measurement errors. Quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect have strong noise suppression capabilities, which can effectively reduce the interference of external environmental factors on detection results and improve the accuracy and stability of fault location.

[0014] The Zeeman effect gives quantum magnetic sensors a clear advantage in spatial resolution. Quantum magnetic sensors can detect changes in magnetic fields at a very fine scale, so they can accurately locate faults in tiny areas of cable joints.

[0015] Quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect have strong anti-interference capabilities against external electromagnetic field interference. Traditional magnetic field sensors are easily affected by interference sources such as strong electric and magnetic fields in the surrounding area, while quantum magnetic sensors can effectively screen signals through quantum characteristics to ensure the purity and reliability of measurement results. In complex environments, such as near high-voltage and high-current cables, quantum magnetic sensors can better identify and measure tiny magnetic field changes to avoid false detection and missed detection.

[0016] Quantum magnetic sensors can measure the changes in the magnetic field on the cable surface in a non-contact manner. When locating cable faults, there is no need to directly contact the internal structure of the cable, which can avoid measurement errors caused by poor contact or damage to the cable in traditional methods. The non-contact detection method also reduces damage to the cable, making the detection process safer and more efficient.

[0017] Quantum magnetic sensors do not rely on traditional electrical conduction signals. They are suitable for applications under extreme environmental conditions, such as high temperature, strong electric field, and places with large humidity changes. Traditional electrical detection methods may not work stably in these environments, while quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect can ensure stable and accurate fault location in these harsh environments.

[0018] Since quantum magnetic sensors can quickly respond to changes in magnetic fields, this technical solution can achieve real-time fault detection and location. Compared with traditional methods, quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect can detect magnetic field changes of cable joint faults in a short time, provide instant alarms, help improve the efficiency of cable fault detection, and reduce downtime and maintenance costs.

[0019] As a preferred technical means: the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface through an annular card shell.

[0020] The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface by an annular card shell, which can achieve simple and convenient installation. The annular design allows the magnetic sensor to be quickly and firmly fixed on the cable surface, reducing the workload during installation and maintenance, reducing maintenance costs and improving work efficiency.

[0021] The quantum magnetic sensor is installed on the surface of the cable through a card shell. It is a non-contact detection method, which reduces physical damage to the cable. Especially in high-voltage cables or important power communication lines, the non-intrusive detection method can ensure the integrity of the cable, while also avoiding cable damage or failure caused by improper operation.

[0022] The ring-shaped card shell design allows the quantum magnetic sensor to be freely adjusted along the cable surface. This design flexibility allows the sensor to be accurately placed and adjusted at different locations of the cable according to actual needs to obtain the best magnetic field detection effect. The sensor can accurately select the appropriate fixed position according to the different needs of the cable fault location to facilitate more accurate detection of magnetic field changes.

[0023] The quantum magnetic sensor can detect magnetic field changes more stably through the design of an annular card fixed on the surface of the cable. The sensor is stably fixed in the card, which can effectively prevent mismeasurement caused by external interference (such as vibration, external force, etc.). The annular card provides a physical protection, making the installation of the magnetic sensor more secure and can better maintain the stability of its working state, thereby improving the reliability of the measurement results.

[0024] The annular card shell not only provides a fixed position for the magnetic sensor, but also plays a role in protecting the magnetic sensor. Cables are often in complex working environments and may be affected by mechanical shock, friction, temperature changes and other factors. Through card shell protection, the quantum magnetic sensor can be protected from physical damage by these external factors, thereby extending its service life and maintaining long-term stable working performance.

[0025] The annular card shell can be customized according to cables of different diameters and shapes to adapt to different types of cable structures. Whether it is a high-voltage cable, a communication cable or other special-purpose cable, the quantum magnetic sensor can be effectively fixed on the cable surface by adjusting the design of the card shell. This flexibility makes this technical solution widely applicable to cable fault detection in various power and communication systems.

[0026] As a preferred technical means: after acquiring the data of the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors in step 3), the data is processed, including filtering out the magnetic field signals other than those with a frequency of 50 Hz.

[0027] The power system and its surrounding environment usually generate electromagnetic waves of multiple frequencies, including 50Hz power frequency signals and electromagnetic interference generated by other devices with higher frequencies. By filtering out magnetic field signals other than 50Hz, noise interference from the external environment can be effectively eliminated, such as non-50Hz frequency signals generated by equipment operation, radio interference, and other power facilities. As a result, the quantum magnetic sensor only focuses on magnetic field changes related to cable faults, excluding irrelevant magnetic field signals in the environment, thereby ensuring accurate detection of the system.

[0028] In the power transmission system, 50Hz is the operating frequency of AC power, so the magnetic field changes and cable faults related to the power system generally occur within this frequency range. By retaining the 50Hz magnetic field signal and filtering out interference signals of other frequencies, the signal directly related to the cable fault can be better captured. This enables the system to accurately determine the magnetic field changes related to the operation of the power system and avoid the influence of signals of other frequencies on the data, thereby improving the accuracy of fault location.

[0029] Fault location in power systems usually requires a quick response, especially when a cable fails, an alarm needs to be given in a timely manner. By filtering out irrelevant frequency signals, the system can quickly focus on the magnetic field changes related to the fault, improve the real-time nature of fault detection, and reduce response time.

[0030] By filtering out magnetic field signals other than 50Hz, this technical solution can effectively eliminate interference from external environmental factors and focus on effective signals in the power system, thereby greatly improving the accuracy, stability and robustness of the detection system. This method can simplify data processing, reduce the possibility of false alarms and missed alarms, enhance the ability of real-time fault location, and adapt to the needs of cable fault detection in different environments.

[0031] As a preferred technical means: the distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.

[0032] Increasing the distance between sensors helps improve the spatial resolution of magnetic field changes. When a fault occurs in the middle joint of a cable, the change in the magnetic field is often local. By increasing the distance between sensors, the magnetic field gradient at the fault location can be better captured. When the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are far apart, there is less interference between them, and the magnetic field changes measured by each group of sensors are more independent and accurate, reducing the risk of mutual influence or repeated measurements caused by the sensors being too close.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field, which comprises: The quantum magnetic sensor module is used to be installed at the left and right ends of the cable. At least three quantum magnetic sensors are set at each end to measure the magnetic field strength of the cable. The data acquisition and processing module is connected to the quantum magnetic sensor module, receives and processes the data from the quantum magnetic sensor, and performs data comparison, filtering and fault detection; The magnetic field detection module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module and is used to detect the intensity change of the magnetic field and determine the maximum point of the magnetic field; The judgment module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module, and judges whether the cable intermediate joint is faulty based on the data comparison result and the set threshold value. It includes the following submodules: Comparison submodule: perform data difference comparison based on the data obtained from the six quantum magnetic sensors; Initial judgment submodule: If the data difference measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is normal; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; Final judgment submodule: connected to the preliminary judgment submodule. When the preliminary judgment submodule believes that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty, it performs left-right pairing checks on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors. If the difference in data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, it is considered that the pairing is successful, and then the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is judged that the middle joint is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty; The display and alarm module is connected to the judgment module and is used to display the fault detection result and issue an alarm when the judgment module detects a fault in the middle connector of the cable.

[0034] The three quantum magnetic sensors at each end are located near the three cores of the cable, respectively, and monitor the magnetic field changes of each core, so that the system can independently detect and distinguish the status of each core in the three-core cable, avoiding the signal aliasing problem that may exist in traditional cable fault detection methods. Compared with complex redundant sensor configuration or complex sensor position adjustment, this technical solution directly measures the magnetic field of each core of the cable, reducing system complexity while ensuring the accuracy of fault location.

[0035] The data acquisition and processing module quickly receives data from six quantum magnetic sensors, and by comparing the difference with the set threshold, it can quickly determine whether the cable is faulty in real-time monitoring. If the magnetic field data exceeds the preset threshold, the system will immediately issue a fault alarm and display the fault location, effectively reducing the time for troubleshooting and avoiding equipment damage or downtime due to delays. The initial judgment submodule makes a preliminary judgment on the data difference of the six sensors, and determines the suspected fault when the difference is greater than the set threshold. After that, the final judgment submodule will further perform a pairing check between the quantum magnetic sensors to ensure the accuracy of the fault diagnosis results and avoid false alarms or missed alarms. This multi-level judgment structure ensures high-precision fault location.

[0036] The display and alarm module displays the detection results immediately after fault detection and triggers an alarm when a fault is confirmed. The alarm mechanism helps maintenance personnel take quick action to avoid further expansion of the fault or delay repair.

[0037] The visual display of fault location information makes system operation more intuitive, improves the response speed of maintenance personnel, and enables direct understanding of the specific location of the fault, reducing errors in manual judgment.

[0038] As a preferred technical means: the quantum magnetic sensor is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect.

[0039] As a preferred technical means: the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface through an annular card shell.

[0040] As a preferred technical means: the distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.

[0041] Beneficial effects: 1. High efficiency: This system does not require manual inspection along the cable path. It only needs to read the value of the magnetic sensor and compare the data to quickly and accurately locate the fault of the cable intermediate joint. This process reduces the time of manual operation and inspection and improves the efficiency of cable fault detection.

[0042] 2. Less affected by environmental factors: Quantum magnetic sensors can effectively filter out electromagnetic interference from the external environment, especially the 50Hz grid frequency signal. By filtering non-50Hz frequency signals, the system can eliminate the impact of environmental factors on fault detection results, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of fault location.

[0043] 3. Strong real-time performance: The system can quickly process sensor data after receiving it, and judge the fault status by setting thresholds to achieve real-time alarm and positioning. This ensures that the system can respond promptly at the early stage of cable failure, reducing the losses caused by the failure and system downtime.

[0044] 3. No sensor calibration required: Quantum magnetic field sensors are based on quantum effects and have consistent and high-precision magnetic field measurement capabilities. Multiple sensors have good measurement consistency, so no additional calibration is required. This simplifies system installation and maintenance and reduces potential problems caused by calibration errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the quantum magnetic field sensor of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the fault location process of the present invention; Figure 3 The magnetic field distribution diagram of the cable intermediate joint and the cable of the present invention; Figure 4 A magnetic field distribution diagram when the cable of the present invention works normally; Figure 5 A cable magnetic field distribution diagram when the cable intermediate joint of the present invention fails; In the picture: 1. Jam; 2. Quantum magnetic sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for locating a fault in a three-core cable intermediate joint based on a quantum magnetic field. Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Three quantum magnetic sensors are placed at the left and right ends of the middle joint of the cable, forming two groups of quantum magnetic sensors on the left and right, and each group of quantum magnetic sensors is evenly arranged on the same radial cross section of the cable; S2: Two groups of quantum magnetic sensors rotate around the cable respectively to find the maximum point of the magnetic field. After finding the maximum point of the magnetic field, the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable at the position; S3: Acquire data from the quantum magnetic sensor; S4: Compare the acquired data. If the difference of the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is in a normal state; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; S5: The two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are paired left and right according to the measured data. If the difference in the data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, the pairing is considered successful, and the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint at that location is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty.

[0048] In this embodiment, the distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors is greater than 1 meter. The reasons are: like Figure 3 As shown in the external magnetic field distribution diagram of the middle joint and the cables at both ends, it can be obtained that the magnetic field within one meter near the middle joint is affected by the middle joint, so that its magnetic field distribution is inconsistent with the magnetic field distribution of the cable. Therefore, the magnetic sensor needs to be placed 1 meter away from the left and right ends of the middle joint.

[0049] The method uses quantum magnetic sensors to measure the magnetic field at the maximum magnetic field value points corresponding to the left and right ends of the cable, and locates the fault of the middle joint by comparing the values ​​measured by the quantum magnetic sensors at the six maximum value points.

[0050] The working mechanism of this method is: place three quantum magnetic sensors at the left and right ends of the cable more than 1 meter away from the middle joint, use the quantum magnetic sensors to rotate around the left side of the cable to obtain three maximum magnetic field points, and the same operation is performed on the right side to obtain three maximum points. The left end is recorded as A1, B1, and C1, and the right end is recorded as A2, B2, and C2, and the six quantum magnetic sensors are named accordingly. When the cable is working normally, the values ​​measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors are equal. When the middle joint of the cable fails, the values ​​measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors will change, and a preliminary fault judgment can be made on the middle joint at this time. Then the magnetic sensors corresponding to the left and right ends of the cable, such as A1 and A2, A1 and B2, A1 and C2, B1, C1, are also compared according to this method. After the comparison, when the values ​​measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors on the left and right are inconsistent, and the values ​​of the remaining four quantum magnetic sensors are equal, it can be judged that the middle joint at that location has a fault.

[0051] The following is a further explanation of the cable intermediate joint fault location with specific data: 1. Position calibration of quantum magnetic sensor: When the cable is working normally, the values ​​of the six quantum magnetic sensors A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, and C2 are the same, and because the three-core cable has symmetry in structure, the phase maximum values ​​of the magnetic field signals of the three-phase current differ by 120 degrees. Therefore, when calibrating the position of the quantum magnetic sensor, it is only necessary to place the magnetic sensor on a ring-shaped card shell with a three-equal structure, and rotate it around the cable to a maximum magnetic field to calibrate the position of the three quantum magnetic sensors. According to this method, the specific position of the left and right ends of the middle joint of the cable is determined 1 meter away. According to the above position calibration method, the left side is A1, B1, C2, and the right side is A2, B2, C2. The position of these six quantum magnetic sensors is calibrated respectively. Assume that the values ​​of the six quantum magnetic sensors are all 10 under normal circumstances, that is, A1=B1=C1=A2=B2=C2=10.

[0052] 2. Fault location: When the middle joint fails, causing the current of one phase to change, the values ​​of the six quantum magnetic sensors will change. At this point, it is preliminarily determined that the middle joint is faulty. Then the values ​​of the two quantum magnetic sensors on the left and right ends are compared in turn. When the values ​​of the two magnetic sensors on the left and right are not equal, and the values ​​of the other four quantum magnetic sensors are equal, it can be determined that the middle joint is faulty. There are two situations in which the value of the quantum magnetic sensor changes: Situation (1): After a fault occurs in the middle joint of the cable, the values ​​of the six quantum magnetic sensors are A1=8.6, B1=11.3, C1=12.7, A2=11.3, B2=12.7, C2=9.4. It is preliminarily determined that the middle joint has failed. Based on A1=8.6, C2=9.4, there are two quantum magnetic sensors with unequal values ​​on the left and right, and B1=A2=11.3, C1=B2=12.7. The values ​​of the other four quantum magnetic sensors are equal on both sides. It can be concluded that the middle joint has failed. Case (2): After a fault occurs in a certain middle joint of the cable, the values ​​of the six quantum magnetic sensors are A1=8.6, B1=11.3, C1=12.7, A2=11.3, B2=12.7, and C2=8.6. It is preliminarily judged that the middle joint may have a fault. Based on A1=C2=8.6, B1=A2=11.3, and C1=B2=12.7, and the six quantum magnetic sensors at the left and right ends are equal, it can be concluded that the middle joint has not failed. Quantum magnetic sensors can be fixed on cables in a variety of ways, such as annular card fixing, magnetic fixing, clamp fixing, adhesive fixing, binding fixing, sleeve fixing, thread fixing, etc. Different fixing methods are suitable for different installation requirements, environmental conditions and sensor types. 1. Magnetic fixing method Principle: Use a strong magnet to fix the quantum magnetic sensor on the cable surface, and fix the sensor by magnetic field adsorption.

[0053] advantage: No need to drill holes or damage cables, suitable for non-intrusive inspection.

[0054] The installation process is simple and the sensor can be quickly fixed, which is suitable for temporary or dynamic detection.

[0055] The position of the sensor can be easily moved or adjusted.

[0056] Applicable scenarios: Applicable to scenarios that require rapid deployment, temporary or regular testing, especially in experiments or inspections.

[0057] 2. Fixture fixation Principle: Use a clamp (such as a clamp, press clamp, etc.) to fix the quantum magnetic sensor to the cable surface. The clamp can be made of plastic or metal and can firmly install the sensor through mechanical clamping force.

[0058] advantage: The fixation is reliable and can withstand large mechanical vibration or external force.

[0059] Suitable for longer-term monitoring needs.

[0060] Easy to install and disassemble, and can quickly replace or rearrange the sensor.

[0061] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for fixed monitoring and long-term installation, especially where continuous monitoring of cables is required.

[0062] 3. Adhesive fixation Principle: Use a high-strength adhesive (such as epoxy resin, double-sided tape, super glue, etc.) to adhere the quantum magnetic sensor directly to the cable surface.

[0063] advantage: No additional mechanical device is required, and a simple fixing method can be achieved.

[0064] It can provide a larger contact area on the cable surface and improve the stability of fixation.

[0065] It is suitable for situations where high-precision positioning is required and adjustment is difficult.

[0066] shortcoming: There are requirements on the cable surface and the contact surface of the sensor, which may affect long-term disassembly and maintenance.

[0067] Some adhesives may be affected by environmental factors (such as temperature and humidity), causing the adhesion to decrease.

[0068] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for long-term stable installation and occasions where frequent sensor replacement is not required, such as fixed on equipment or in industrial environments.

[0069] 4. Binding and fixing Principle: The quantum magnetic sensor is tied to the cable surface by a binding tape (such as a nylon tie or rubber tape).

[0070] advantage: It is easy to install, economical and has a wide range of applications.

[0071] The tightness of the binding can be adjusted as needed to ensure the stability of the sensor position.

[0072] shortcoming: Compared with other fixing methods, it may lack high fixing force and may be easily displaced by external forces.

[0073] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for environments where the cable surface is relatively flat and not easily disturbed by large external forces. It is usually used in temporary applications or applications that do not require long-term stable installation.

[0074] 5. Sleeve type fixing Principle: The quantum magnetic sensor is placed in a protective shell similar to a "sleeve", which is fixed by inserting the sleeve directly into the outer structure of the cable. This method combines mechanical clamping with the protection of the external shell.

[0075] advantage: Provides additional physical protection while ensuring stability of sensor position.

[0076] Suitable for applications in high temperature and high pressure environments to protect the sensor from external environmental influences.

[0077] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for scenarios with high protection requirements for sensors, especially in harsh working environments.

[0078] 6. Thread fixing Principle: Preset threaded holes on the outer surface of the cable or use threaded fixing devices, and fasten the quantum magnetic sensor to the cable surface with screws.

[0079] advantage: The fixing force is strong, which can provide higher stability and is suitable for long-term use.

[0080] It is suitable for fixing cables on the surface with sufficient space to ensure that the sensor is not disturbed by vibration or external forces.

[0081] shortcoming: Some handling of the cable is required, which may involve damage to the outer surface of the cable.

[0082] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for long-term monitoring or when the cable itself is relatively strong and not easily damaged.

[0083] 7. Magnetic adsorption and fixture combination Principle: Combining magnetic fixation and mechanical clamps, the quantum magnetic sensor is adsorbed on the cable surface by a magnet and reinforced by a clamp.

[0084] advantage: It provides the convenience of magnetic adsorption and the stability of the clamp, ensuring that the sensor is fixed more firmly.

[0085] Installation and disassembly are more flexible, suitable for applications that require temporary or regular movement.

[0086] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for situations where the sensor position needs to be adjusted frequently or detection is required on different cables.

[0087] 8. Suction cup fixing method Principle: The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable by using the vacuum principle of the suction cup. This method is common in applications with smooth surfaces.

[0088] advantage: Installation is easy and does not require any tools or damage to the cable surface.

[0089] Suitable for temporary installations, especially where multiple tests need to be performed on the cable.

[0090] shortcoming: The cable surface requirements are higher and the surface with lower smoothness may not be suitable.

[0091] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for short-term or temporary installation, especially in experimental or debugging environments.

[0092] In this embodiment, the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable in the form of an annular card shell; Figure 1 As shown, the annular casing 1 has a three-divided structure, and a quantum magnetic sensor 2 is placed at each dividing point.

[0093] The circumference of the annular chuck used in this embodiment is 942mm, which is divided into three equal parts with an interval of 314mm. The quantum magnetic sensor is placed at a point 1 meter outside the cable, and the first maximum point of the cable at this position is measured by rotating the quantum magnetic sensor around the cable at 130mm of the circumference of the annular chuck. Therefore, the other two maximum points are calculated based on the interval at 444mm and 758mm. Similarly, the first maximum point on the right side is measured at 74mm of the circumference of the annular chuck. Therefore, the other two maximum points are calculated based on the interval at 388mm and 702mm. When the cable is working normally using the magnetic field simulation software, the values ​​at the six magnetic sensors are A1=2.08595E-7, B1=2.09761E-7, C1=2.00005 E-7, A2=2.01248E-7, B2 =2.0831E-7, and C2=2.04884 E-7. Then, the simulation software is used to handle the fault of the middle joint of the cable. When the middle joint of the cable fails, the magnetic field values ​​at the six magnetic sensors are A1=3.84555E-7, B1=1.83567E-7, C1=5.00875 E-7, A2 =5.01744E-7, B2 =3.72717E-7, and C2=2.01715 E-7. The two sets of data obtained by the magnetic field simulation are analyzed. The first set of data shows that when the cable is working normally, the values ​​of the six magnetic sensors at the left and right ends of the cable are consistent. The second set of data is analyzed. When the middle joint of the cable fails, the values ​​of the six magnetic sensors change. According to the change of data, the values ​​of A1 and B2, C1 and A2 at the left and right ends of the middle joint of the cable are equal. B1=1.83567E-7 and C2=2.01715 E-7 are the magnetic sensors at the left and right ends of the cable, and their values ​​are not equal.

[0094] The above simulation results show that the method of the present invention can realize the fault location of the middle joint of the three-core cable.

[0095] Since the inner diameter of the annular card shell 1 cannot adapt to all cable outer diameters, eccentricity will cause measurement errors. Therefore, it is necessary to customize the inner diameters of different annular card shells 1 according to different cable outer diameters to eliminate the influence of eccentricity; 2. The influence of deflection angle, through the attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 It can be seen that the magnetic field changes greatly after the cable fails. After the inner diameter of the annular card shell 1 is adapted to the outer diameter of the cable, the deflection error is very small and can be ignored.

[0096] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field, which includes: The quantum magnetic sensor module is used to be installed at the left and right ends of the cable. At least three quantum magnetic sensors are set at each end to measure the magnetic field strength of the cable. The data acquisition and processing module is connected to the quantum magnetic sensor module, receives and processes the data from the quantum magnetic sensor, and performs data comparison, filtering and fault detection; The magnetic field detection module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module and is used to detect the intensity change of the magnetic field and determine the maximum point of the magnetic field; The judgment module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module, and judges whether the cable intermediate joint is faulty based on the data comparison result and the set threshold value. It includes the following submodules: Comparison submodule: perform data difference comparison based on the data obtained from the six quantum magnetic sensors; Initial judgment submodule: If the data difference measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is normal; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; Final judgment submodule: connected to the preliminary judgment submodule. When the preliminary judgment submodule believes that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty, it performs left-right pairing checks on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors. If the difference in data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, it is considered that the pairing is successful, and then the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is judged that the middle joint is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty; The display and alarm module is connected to the judgment module and is used to display the fault detection result and issue an alarm when the judgment module detects a fault in the middle connector of the cable.

[0097] In this embodiment, three quantum magnetic sensors at each end are respectively located near the three cores of the cable, and the magnetic field changes of each core are monitored respectively, so that the system can independently detect and distinguish the state of each core in the three-core cable, avoiding the signal aliasing problem that may exist in the traditional cable fault detection method. Compared with the complex redundant sensor configuration or complex sensor position adjustment, this technical solution directly measures the magnetic field of each core of the cable, reducing the complexity of the system while ensuring the accuracy of fault location.

[0098] The data acquisition and processing module quickly receives data from six quantum magnetic sensors, and by comparing the difference with the set threshold, it can quickly determine whether the cable is faulty in real-time monitoring. If the magnetic field data exceeds the preset threshold, the system will immediately issue a fault alarm and display the fault location, effectively reducing the time for troubleshooting and avoiding equipment damage or downtime due to delays. The initial judgment submodule makes a preliminary judgment on the data difference of the six sensors, and determines the suspected fault when the difference is greater than the set threshold. After that, the final judgment submodule will further perform a pairing check between the quantum magnetic sensors to ensure the accuracy of the fault diagnosis results and avoid false alarms or missed alarms. This multi-level judgment structure ensures high-precision fault location.

[0099] The display and alarm module displays the detection results immediately after fault detection and triggers an alarm when a fault is confirmed. The alarm mechanism helps maintenance personnel take quick action to avoid further expansion of the fault or delay repair.

[0100] The visual display of fault location information makes system operation more intuitive, improves the response speed of maintenance personnel, and enables direct understanding of the specific location of the fault, reducing errors in manual judgment.

[0101] The quantum magnetic sensor in this embodiment is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect. The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface through a ring-shaped card shell. The distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.

[0102] Through the above-mentioned detailed description of the three-core cable intermediate joint fault location method based on quantum magnetic field in this specification, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field in this embodiment. For the system disclosed in Example 2, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in Example 1, it has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects. For relevant matters, please refer to the method part description.

[0103] The above-mentioned method and system for locating the fault of the intermediate joint of a three-core cable based on a quantum magnetic field are specific embodiments of the present invention, which have embodied the substantial characteristics and progress of the present invention. According to actual use needs and under the guidance of the present invention, equivalent modifications can be made to them, which are all within the protection scope of this scheme.

Claims

1. A method for locating a fault in a three-core cable intermediate joint based on a quantum magnetic field, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Three quantum magnetic sensors are placed on the left and right ends of the middle joint of the cable, forming two groups of quantum magnetic sensors on the left and right. Each group of quantum magnetic sensors is evenly arranged on the same radial cross section of the cable; 2) Two groups of quantum magnetic sensors rotate around the cable respectively to find the maximum point of the magnetic field. After finding the maximum point of the magnetic field, the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable at that position; 3) Obtain data from the quantum magnetic sensor; 4) Compare the acquired data. If the difference of the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is in a normal state; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; 5) The two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are paired left and right according to the measured data. If the difference in the data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, the pairing is considered successful, and the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint at that location is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is determined that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty.

2. According to claim 1, a method for locating a three-core cable intermediate joint fault based on a quantum magnetic field is characterized in that: The quantum magnetic sensor is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect.

3. A method for locating a three-core cable intermediate joint fault based on a quantum magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface through an annular card shell.

4. A method for locating a three-core cable intermediate joint fault based on a quantum magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: After acquiring the data of the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors in step 3), the data is processed, including filtering out the magnetic field signals other than those with a frequency of 50 Hz.

5. The method for locating a three-core cable intermediate joint fault based on a quantum magnetic field according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors is more than 1 meter.

6. A three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field, characterized in that include: The quantum magnetic sensor module is used to be installed at the left and right ends of the cable. At least three quantum magnetic sensors are set at each end to measure the magnetic field strength of the cable. The data acquisition and processing module is connected to the quantum magnetic sensor module, receives and processes the data from the quantum magnetic sensor, and performs data comparison, filtering and fault detection; The magnetic field detection module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module and is used to detect the intensity change of the magnetic field and determine the maximum point of the magnetic field; The judgment module is connected to the data acquisition and processing module, and judges whether the cable intermediate joint is faulty based on the data comparison result and the set threshold value. It includes the following submodules: Comparison submodule: perform data difference comparison based on the data obtained from the six quantum magnetic sensors; Initial judgment submodule: If the data difference measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is less than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is normal; if the difference is greater than the set threshold, it is judged that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty; Final judgment submodule: connected to the preliminary judgment submodule. When the preliminary judgment submodule believes that the middle joint of the cable is suspected to be faulty, it performs left-right pairing checks on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors. If the difference in data measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is less than the threshold, it is considered that the pairing is successful, and then the remaining quantum magnetic sensors are paired; if there is a single quantum magnetic sensor, it is judged that the middle joint is faulty; if there is no single quantum magnetic sensor, it is considered that the middle joint of the cable is not faulty; The display and alarm module is connected to the judgment module and is used to display the fault detection result and issue an alarm when the judgment module detects a fault in the middle connector of the cable.

7. A three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The quantum magnetic sensor is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect.

8. The three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field according to claim 6 is characterized by: The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable surface through an annular card shell.

9. A three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the left and right groups of quantum magnetic sensors is more than 1 meter.

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