Building safety visualization emergency method and system based on 3D technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a building safety visualization emergency method and system based on a 3D technology, and relates to the field of building safety visualization and emergency method.The building safety visualization emergency method comprises the steps that a three-dimensional airflow model is created based on real-time smoke monitoring data in a building, and 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke is simulated; integrating multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, and combining an evaluation result with an airflow dynamic diffusion distribution simulation result to generate a real-time 3D risk map; based on the real-time 3D risk map custom view and risk early warning level coloring, performing multi-dimensional early warning marking on the risk of the smoke diffusion path area; dynamically planning an evacuation path based on the real-time 3D risk map after multi-dimensional early warning marking; and sending the 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by the dynamic planning to a rescue worker visual terminal, and carrying out escape command on trapped persons in the building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building safety visualization and emergency response methods, and in particular to a building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology. Background Art

[0002] In fire emergencies, dangerous factors such as smoke and harmful gases spread rapidly over time, and existing emergency systems usually have difficulty effectively tracking these dynamic changes in real time and providing adaptive evacuation guidance. In particular, in multi-story buildings, the complexity of airflow increases the difficulty of prediction, especially in the case of sudden fires. The lack of hierarchical visualization and interactive capabilities for real-time building risks cannot meet the real-time risk diffusion and escape route planning in buildings in response to sudden situations such as fires or harmful gas leaks.

[0003] How to realize a 3D-based building safety visualization emergency response method through real-time 3D airflow simulation, sensor feedback data fusion and adaptive path planning, and provide dynamic risk prediction and visualized evacuation guidance for emergency personnel, is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology is provided. This technical solution solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology, including: Create a three-dimensional airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building to simulate the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke; Integrate multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combine the evaluation results with the dynamic diffusion distribution simulation results of airflow, and generate a real-time 3D risk map; Based on the customized view and risk warning level coloring of the real-time 3D risk map, the risk of the smoke diffusion path area is marked with multi-dimensional warnings; Dynamically plan evacuation routes based on real-time 3D risk maps with multi-dimensional warning annotations; The 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning are sent to the rescue personnel's visualization terminal to direct the escape of people trapped inside the building.

[0006] Preferably, the creating a three-dimensional airflow model based on the real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building and simulating the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke specifically includes: Obtain building surveying and mapping data and real-time data collection from sensor devices inside the building; According to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, a layered diffusion model is introduced to determine the layered diffusion coefficient through floor height, temperature, wind speed and pressure; Based on the time-series partial differential equation, the fluid calculation of smoke diffusion is carried out. The time-series partial differential equation is discretized by the finite difference method, and a time-varying diffusion trend simulation model of smoke is established to obtain the change of smoke concentration over time in three-dimensional space. The specific time-varying diffusion trend simulation model is as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the spatial position of smoke and the concentration at time t, is the layered diffusion coefficient corresponding to height z, is the air flow velocity vector, Indicates smoke density. is the divergence term, is the Laplace operator; Update the smoke concentration distribution at a set fixed time step to simulate the fluidity of airflow and estimate the diffusion path and range of smoke inside the building; By continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, the simulated distribution of smoke concentration in various areas of the building is generated, and a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building is established.

[0007] Preferably, the step of integrating multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combining the evaluation results with the results of the airflow dynamic diffusion distribution simulation, and generating a real-time 3D risk map specifically includes: Obtain real-time data collected by the sensing equipment on the diffusion path of the smoke in the three-dimensional model; The real-time collected data is classified based on the purpose of the sensing equipment, and the preset risk threshold of each collected data is set. The dynamic weight mechanism is used to evaluate the hazard contribution weight of different risk factors. The hazard contribution weight of the risk factor is calculated as follows: ; In the formula, is the harmfulness contribution weight of the i-th risk factor, is the real-time data value of the i-th risk factor, is the preset risk threshold of the ith risk factor, is the regulating factor; Through data fusion, the hazards of various risk factors are superimposed and integrated into the layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value. The integrated three-dimensional model is used to evaluate the regional comprehensive risk. The calculation method of the regional comprehensive risk value is: ; In the formula, For location The comprehensive risk value at time t, n is the type of real-time risk factor; Based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate positions of all areas of the diffusion path is calculated in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map.

[0008] Preferably, the customized view and risk warning level coloring based on the real-time 3D risk map and the multi-dimensional warning marking of the risk of the smoke diffusion path area specifically include: Set three risk warning levels: high, medium and low. Set the risk value gradient interval corresponding to the warning level. Set the corresponding initial code for the lower part of the gradient interval of each warning level based on the three primary colors of the RGB color space as the initial color of the warning level. Get a real-time 3D risk map, dynamically generate color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, and color the 3D risk map for risk warnings as follows: By calculating the position of the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the gradient interval of its corresponding risk warning level and the offset ratio of the lower limit of the gradient interval, the warning color of the warning level of the area is adjusted to the same scale in the RGB color space; Dynamically color the smoke diffusion path area in the 3D risk map based on the adjusted RGB color coding of the smoke diffusion path area; The areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map are further visualized based on risk factors. The color intensity corresponding to the RGB color code is split proportionally based on dynamic weights according to the contribution weight of the hazard of each risk factor in the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the area. According to the color intensity ratio after proportional splitting, the RGB color code corresponding to each risk factor is dynamically generated, and the risk factor view corresponding to the high-risk warning level area is colored in the secondary view.

[0009] Preferably, the real-time 3D risk map based on multi-dimensional warning annotations and the dynamic planning of evacuation routes specifically include: Set the initial color weight of the color corresponding to the warning level, and dynamically calculate the color weight of the warning level through the actual offset of the real-time RGB color code of the area in the real-time 3D risk map relative to the set initial code; The path arrangement and combination results of the escape routes on each floor of the building are used as possible evacuation routes; By integrating the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, the path integral value of each possible evacuation path is calculated. The specific expression is: ; In the formula, is the path integral value of the current evacuation path, , At coordinates and the color weights of the high-risk warning level area and the low-risk warning level area at time t, is the path risk area differential; By minimizing the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value is taken as the optimal evacuation path.

[0010] Preferably, the sending of the 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning to the rescuer visualization terminal to direct the escape of the trapped persons in the building specifically includes: The 3D risk map generated in real time by the system and the evacuation route selected by dynamic planning are digitally converted and sent to the visual terminal projection device of the rescue personnel; Rescuers direct the escape of people trapped inside the building based on the risk warning level view coloring on the 3D risk map and the planned evacuation route survey.

[0011] Furthermore, a building safety visualization emergency system based on 3D technology is proposed, which is used to implement the above-mentioned building safety visualization emergency method based on 3D technology, including: A smoke dynamic diffusion simulation module, which introduces a layered diffusion model to determine the layered diffusion coefficient according to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, performs fluid calculation on smoke diffusion based on a time-series partial differential equation, establishes a smoke time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, generates a simulated distribution of smoke concentrations in various areas of the building by continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, and establishes a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building; A 3D risk map generation module, which evaluates the harmfulness of smoke based on the integration of multiple risk factors, superimposes and integrates the harmfulness of various risk factors into a layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value, and based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, calculates the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate position of all regions of the diffusion path in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map; 3D risk map coloring module, which dynamically generates color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, performs risk warning coloring on the 3D risk map, performs secondary view visualization and in-depth design based on risk factors on areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map, and performs secondary view coloring on risk factor views corresponding to high risk warning level areas; The evacuation path dynamic planning module determines the warning level color weights in the risk area, integrates the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, minimizes the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, and selects the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value as the optimal evacuation path.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Create a three-dimensional airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building, and simulate the 3D dynamic airflow diffusion distribution of smoke; integrate multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combine the evaluation results with the simulation results of the dynamic airflow diffusion distribution, and generate a real-time 3D risk map; based on the real-time 3D risk map, customize the view and risk warning level coloring, and perform multi-dimensional warning annotation on the risks in the smoke diffusion path area; based on the real-time 3D risk map with multi-dimensional warning annotation, dynamically plan the evacuation path; A 3D-based building safety visualization emergency response method is implemented through real-time 3D airflow simulation, sensor feedback data fusion and adaptive path planning, providing dynamic risk prediction and visualized evacuation guidance for emergency personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A flow chart of the building safety visualization emergency method based on 3D technology of the present invention; Figure 2 A flow chart for simulating the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke by creating a 3D airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside a building according to the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention integrates multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combines the evaluation results with the airflow dynamic diffusion distribution simulation results, and generates a real-time 3D risk map flow chart; Figure 4 A flowchart of the invention for multi-dimensional warning annotation of risks in the smoke diffusion path area based on the customized view and risk warning level coloring of the real-time 3D risk map; Figure 5 It is a flow chart of dynamically planning evacuation paths based on a real-time 3D risk map with multi-dimensional warning annotations of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention sends the 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning to the rescue personnel visualization terminal, and provides an escape command flow chart for the trapped people inside the building; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the building safety visualization emergency system based on 3D technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology includes: Create a three-dimensional airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building to simulate the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke; Integrate multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combine the evaluation results with the dynamic diffusion distribution simulation results of airflow, and generate a real-time 3D risk map; Based on the customized view and risk warning level coloring of the real-time 3D risk map, the risk of the smoke diffusion path area is marked with multi-dimensional warnings; Dynamically plan evacuation routes based on real-time 3D risk maps with multi-dimensional warning annotations; The 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning are sent to the rescue personnel's visualization terminal to direct the escape of people trapped inside the building.

[0016] Reference Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional airflow model is created based on the real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building, and the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke is simulated, including: Obtain building surveying and mapping data and real-time data collection from sensor devices inside the building; According to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, a stratified diffusion model is introduced. The stratified diffusion coefficient is determined by the floor height, temperature, wind speed and pressure. The system reflects the airflow change characteristics between different floors in the building through the stratified diffusion model, making the airflow model more in line with the actual situation of multi-story buildings, so as to more accurately capture the diffusion path of pollutants on each floor. The calculation method in this scheme is to perform weighted summation of floor height, temperature, wind speed and pressure.

[0017] Based on the time-series partial differential equation, the fluid calculation of smoke diffusion is carried out. The time-series partial differential equation is discretized by the finite difference method, and a time-varying diffusion trend simulation model of smoke is established to obtain the change of smoke concentration over time in three-dimensional space. The specific time-varying diffusion trend simulation model is as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the spatial position of smoke and the concentration at time t, is the layered diffusion coefficient corresponding to height z, is the air flow velocity vector, Indicates smoke density. is the divergence term, is the Laplace operator; Update the smoke concentration distribution at a set fixed time step to simulate the fluidity of airflow and estimate the diffusion path and range of smoke inside the building; By continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, the simulated distribution of smoke concentration in various areas of the building is generated, and a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building is established.

[0018] Reference Figure 3 As shown in the figure, multiple risk factors are integrated to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, and the evaluation results are combined with the dynamic diffusion distribution simulation results of airflow to generate a real-time 3D risk map, which includes: Obtain real-time data collected by the sensing equipment on the diffusion path of the smoke in the three-dimensional model; The real-time collected data is classified based on the purpose of the sensing equipment, and the preset risk threshold of each collected data is set. The dynamic weight mechanism is used to evaluate the hazard contribution weight of different risk factors. The hazard contribution weight of the risk factor is calculated as follows: ; In the formula, is the harmfulness contribution weight of the i-th risk factor, is the real-time data value of the i-th risk factor, is the preset risk threshold of the ith risk factor, is the regulating factor; Through data fusion, the hazards of various risk factors are superimposed and integrated into the layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value. The integrated three-dimensional model is used to evaluate the regional comprehensive risk. The calculation method of the regional comprehensive risk value is: ; In the formula, For location The comprehensive risk value at time t, n is the type of real-time risk factor; By dynamically weighting each risk factor, the system can adapt to changes in smoke hazards in different scenarios. For example, when the concentration of smoke particles increases or the content of toxic gases increases, the system will automatically increase the weight of the corresponding data source to accurately reflect its impact on the overall risk.

[0019] Based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate positions of all areas of the diffusion path is calculated in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map.

[0020] Reference Figure 4 As shown in the figure, based on the real-time 3D risk map customized view and risk warning level coloring, multi-dimensional warning annotation of the risks in the smoke diffusion path area is carried out, including: Set three risk warning levels: high, medium, and low. Set the risk value gradient interval corresponding to the warning level. Set the corresponding initial code for the lower part of the gradient interval of each warning level based on the three primary colors of the RGB color space as the initial color of the warning level. Specifically: Red (R, 0, 0): high risk level, usually indicating areas with excessively high temperatures, excessive smoke concentrations, or excessive levels of toxic gases; Yellow (R, G, 0): medium-high risk level, indicating that the environmental risk is relatively small, but vigilance should be maintained; Green (0, G, 0): Low risk level, indicating that there is no significant risk at present.

[0021] Among them, the value range of R and G is 0-255.

[0022] Get a real-time 3D risk map, dynamically generate color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, and color the 3D risk map for risk warnings as follows: By calculating the position of the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the gradient interval of its corresponding risk warning level and the offset ratio of the lower part of the gradient interval, the warning color of the warning level of the area is adjusted in the same scale in the RGB color space. For example, if the current area is at a high risk level, its offset ratio in the gradient interval relative to the lower part of the gradient interval is 20%, then its corresponding RGB code should be (R*120%, 0, 0); Dynamically color the smoke diffusion path area in the 3D risk map based on the adjusted RGB color coding of the smoke diffusion path area; The areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map are further visualized based on risk factors. The color intensity corresponding to the RGB color code is split proportionally based on dynamic weights according to the contribution weight of the hazard of each risk factor in the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the area. According to the color intensity ratio after proportional splitting, the RGB color code corresponding to each risk factor is dynamically generated, and the risk factor view corresponding to the high-risk warning level area is colored in the secondary view.

[0023] Reference Figure 5 As shown in the figure, based on the real-time 3D risk map with multi-dimensional warning annotations, the dynamic planning of evacuation routes specifically includes: Set the initial color weight of the color corresponding to the warning level, and dynamically calculate the color weight of the warning level through the actual offset of the real-time RGB color code of the area in the real-time 3D risk map relative to the set initial code; The path arrangement and combination results of the escape routes on each floor of the building are used as possible evacuation routes; By integrating the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, the path integral value of each possible evacuation path is calculated. The specific expression is: ; In the formula, is the path integral value of the current evacuation path, , At coordinates and the color weights of the high-risk warning level area and the low-risk warning level area at time t, is the path risk area differential; The purpose is to give priority to paths through green areas, ensuring that people avoid high-risk areas as much as possible during evacuation. If it is necessary to pass through low-risk areas, the system will try to shorten the length of the path through these areas and reduce the appearance of red areas.

[0024] By minimizing the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value is taken as the optimal evacuation path and marked with color and arrows in the three-dimensional risk map.

[0025] Reference Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning are sent to the rescue personnel's visualization terminal, and the escape command for the trapped people inside the building is carried out, which specifically includes: The 3D risk map generated in real time by the system and the evacuation route selected by dynamic planning are digitally converted and sent to the visual terminal projection device of the rescue personnel; Map the real-time data collected inside the building onto the 3D model to generate a dynamic 3D panoramic view. Use a holographic projector or AR projection device to display the dynamic 3D panoramic view inside the building in real time. Rescuers direct the escape of people trapped inside the building based on the risk warning level view coloring on the 3D risk map and the planned evacuation route survey.

[0026] Reference Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the building safety visualization emergency system based on 3D technology includes: A smoke dynamic diffusion simulation module, which introduces a layered diffusion model to determine the layered diffusion coefficient according to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, performs fluid calculation on smoke diffusion based on a time-series partial differential equation, establishes a smoke time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, generates a simulated distribution of smoke concentrations in various areas of the building by continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, and establishes a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building; A 3D risk map generation module, which evaluates the harmfulness of smoke based on the integration of multiple risk factors, superimposes and integrates the harmfulness of various risk factors into a layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value, and based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, calculates the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate position of all regions of the diffusion path in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map; 3D risk map coloring module, which dynamically generates color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, performs risk warning coloring on the 3D risk map, performs secondary view visualization and in-depth design based on risk factors on areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map, and performs secondary view coloring on risk factor views corresponding to high risk warning level areas; The evacuation path dynamic planning module determines the warning level color weights in the risk area, integrates the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, minimizes the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, and selects the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value as the optimal evacuation path.

[0027] Furthermore, the present solution also proposes a storage medium for a building safety visualization emergency method based on 3D technology, on which a computer-readable program is stored. When the computer-readable program is called, the above-mentioned building safety visualization emergency method based on 3D technology is executed.

[0028] It is understandable that the storage medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 3D-based building safety visualization emergency response method, characterized in that: include: Create a three-dimensional airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building to simulate the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke; Integrate multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke, combine the evaluation results with the dynamic diffusion distribution simulation results of airflow, and generate a real-time 3D risk map; Based on the customized view and risk warning level coloring of the real-time 3D risk map, the risk of the smoke diffusion path area is marked with multi-dimensional warnings; Dynamically plan evacuation routes based on real-time 3D risk maps with multi-dimensional warning annotations; The 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning are sent to the rescue personnel's visualization terminal to direct the escape of people trapped inside the building.

2. The building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of creating a three-dimensional airflow model based on real-time smoke monitoring data inside the building and simulating the 3D airflow dynamic diffusion distribution of smoke specifically includes: Obtain building surveying and mapping data and real-time data collection from sensor devices inside the building; According to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, a layered diffusion model is introduced to determine the layered diffusion coefficient through floor height, temperature, wind speed and pressure; Based on the time-series partial differential equation, the fluid calculation of smoke diffusion is carried out. The time-series partial differential equation is discretized by the finite difference method, and a time-varying diffusion trend simulation model of smoke is established to obtain the change of smoke concentration over time in three-dimensional space. The specific time-varying diffusion trend simulation model is as follows: , In the formula, Indicates the spatial position of smoke and the concentration at time t, is the layered diffusion coefficient corresponding to height z, is the air velocity vector, Indicates smoke density. is the divergence term, is the Laplace operator; Update the smoke concentration distribution at a set fixed time step to simulate the fluidity of airflow and estimate the diffusion path and range of smoke inside the building; By continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, the simulated distribution of smoke concentration in various areas of the building is generated, and a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building is established.

3. The building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of integrating multiple risk factors to evaluate the harmfulness of smoke and combining the evaluation results with the simulation results of airflow dynamic diffusion distribution to generate a real-time 3D risk map specifically includes: Obtain real-time data collected by the sensing equipment on the diffusion path of the smoke in the three-dimensional model; The real-time collected data is classified based on the purpose of the sensing equipment, and the preset risk threshold of each collected data is set. The dynamic weight mechanism is used to evaluate the hazard contribution weight of different risk factors. The hazard contribution weight of the risk factor is calculated as follows: ; In the formula, is the harmfulness contribution weight of the i-th risk factor, is the real-time data value of the i-th risk factor, is the preset risk threshold of the ith risk factor, is the regulating factor; Through data fusion, the hazards of various risk factors are superimposed and integrated into the layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value. The integrated three-dimensional model is used to evaluate the regional comprehensive risk. The calculation method of the regional comprehensive risk value is: ; In the formula, For location The comprehensive risk value at time t, n is the type of real-time risk factor; Based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate positions of all areas of the diffusion path is calculated in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map.

4. The building safety visualization emergency response method based on 3D technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The customized view and risk warning level coloring based on the real-time 3D risk map and the multi-dimensional warning marking of the risk of the smoke diffusion path area specifically include: Set three risk warning levels: high, medium and low. Set the risk value gradient interval corresponding to the warning level. Set the corresponding initial code for the lower part of the gradient interval of each warning level based on the three primary colors of the RGB color space as the initial color of the warning level. Get a real-time 3D risk map, dynamically generate color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, and color the 3D risk map for risk warnings as follows: By calculating the position of the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the gradient interval of its corresponding risk warning level and the offset ratio of the lower limit of the gradient interval, the warning color of the warning level of the area is adjusted to the same scale in the RGB color space; Dynamically color the smoke diffusion path area in the 3D risk map based on the adjusted RGB color coding of the smoke diffusion path area; The areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map are further visualized based on risk factors. The color intensity corresponding to the RGB color code is split proportionally based on dynamic weights according to the contribution weight of the hazard of each risk factor in the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the area. According to the color intensity ratio after proportional splitting, the RGB color code corresponding to each risk factor is dynamically generated, and the risk factor view corresponding to the high-risk warning level area is colored in the secondary view.

5. The 3D technology-based building safety visualization emergency response method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The real-time 3D risk map based on multi-dimensional warning annotations and the dynamic planning of evacuation routes specifically include: Set the initial color weight of the color corresponding to the warning level, and dynamically calculate the color weight of the warning level through the actual offset of the real-time RGB color code of the area in the real-time 3D risk map relative to the set initial code; The path arrangement and combination results of the escape routes on each floor of the building are used as possible evacuation routes; By integrating the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, the path integral value of each possible evacuation path is calculated. The specific expression is: ; In the formula, is the path integral value of the current evacuation path, , At coordinates and the color weights of the high-risk warning level area and the low-risk warning level area at time t, is the path risk area differential; By minimizing the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value is taken as the optimal evacuation path.

6. The 3D technology-based building safety visualization emergency response method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The 3D risk map and the evacuation path selected by dynamic planning are sent to the rescuer visualization terminal to command the escape of the trapped people in the building, which specifically includes: The 3D risk map generated in real time by the system and the evacuation route selected by dynamic planning are digitally converted and sent to the visual terminal projection device of the rescue personnel; Rescuers direct the escape of people trapped inside the building based on the risk warning level view coloring on the 3D risk map and the planned evacuation route survey.

7. A 3D-based building safety visualization emergency system, used to implement a 3D-based building safety visualization emergency method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: A smoke dynamic diffusion simulation module, which introduces a layered diffusion model to determine the layered diffusion coefficient according to the internal structure and spatial characteristics of the building, performs fluid calculation on smoke diffusion based on a time-series partial differential equation, establishes a smoke time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, generates a simulated distribution of smoke concentrations in various areas of the building by continuously iterating the time-varying diffusion trend simulation model, and establishes a three-dimensional model of layered smoke diffusion inside the building; A 3D risk map generation module, which evaluates the harmfulness of smoke based on the integration of multiple risk factors, superimposes and integrates the harmfulness of various risk factors into a layered smoke diffusion three-dimensional model to calculate the regional comprehensive risk value, and based on the estimated results of the smoke diffusion path inside the building, calculates the comprehensive risk value corresponding to the coordinate position of all regions of the diffusion path in real time to generate a real-time 3D risk map; 3D risk map coloring module, which dynamically generates color codes based on the comprehensive risk value of the smoke diffusion path area in the real-time 3D risk map, performs risk warning coloring on the 3D risk map, performs secondary view visualization and in-depth design based on risk factors on areas with high risk warning levels in the 3D risk map, and performs secondary view coloring on risk factor views corresponding to high risk warning level areas; The evacuation path dynamic planning module determines the warning level color weights in the risk area, integrates the color weights in the risk area in the 3D risk map, minimizes the path integral value of each possible evacuation path, and selects the evacuation path with the smallest path integral value as the optimal evacuation path.

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