Carbon optimization method for solid heat storage type combined heat and power generation energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon optimization method for a solid heat storage type combined heat and power generation energy storage system, which belongs to the technical field of carbon optimization and emission reduction, and comprises the following steps: acquiring electric load data, gas load data and heat load data in a regional energy system, and establishing a comprehensive energy system IES operation framework containing a carbon emission mechanism and adjustable combined heat and power generation heat energy storage; and establishing a stepped carbon emission model according to different energy prices in different time periods in the regional energy system, and optimizing an integrated energy system IES operation framework containing a carbon emission mechanism and adjustable combined heat and power generation heat storage energy in combination with an objective function and constraint conditions to complete carbon optimization. The solid heat storage type combined heat and power generation energy storage system is optimized through a stepped carbon emission mechanism, the total carbon emission amount can be reduced, and the abandoned wind consumption and power and heat supply capacity can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy optimization, and in particular relates to a carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] The solid thermal storage cogeneration energy storage system is an energy storage system that can provide both electricity and heating services. Through the optimization and regulation of system equipment, the energy storage energy utilization value can be maximized while supporting the construction of new energy systems. Taking the solid thermal storage cogeneration energy storage system composed of electric thermal storage + waste heat boiler + steam generator set as an example, compared with common electrochemical energy storage, it has the characteristics of high system economic performance, long life cycle and good equipment stability.

[0003] With the proposal of the "dual carbon" goal, energy storage has become a new driving force for promoting large-scale and high-quality development of new energy, among which thermal energy storage is one of the most promising technologies in energy storage. Thermal energy storage has no chemical reaction in the storage and release process, controllable technical parameters and processes, high system safety and high energy storage density. It can be used in new power systems based on clean energy and new energy. Through large-capacity heat storage, thermal and electric decoupling can be achieved, the flexibility of thermal power units can be increased, and intermittent, random and volatile new energy installed output can be absorbed to achieve the role of peak shifting and valley filling of power grid load. The introduction of solid heat storage thermal energy storage into the integrated energy system can effectively solve the problem of mismatch between the simultaneous supply and demand of electricity and heat energy and improve the energy utilization rate of the system. However, most of the above studies have not yet considered the application of thermal energy storage in the integrated energy system. At the same time, solid thermal storage technology and steam turbine power generation technology are mature and matched, which can realize the adjustable cogeneration function, so that thermal energy storage can meet the electric and thermal loads at the same time, further improve the economy of the system and reduce carbon emissions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system, which solves the problems of low economy and high carbon emissions in the solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Obtaining the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data in the regional energy system;

[0007] S2: Based on the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data, establish the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage;

[0008] S3: Establish a step-by-step carbon emission model based on the different energy coefficients in different periods of the regional energy system;

[0009] S4: Conduct low-carbon optimization scheduling of the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage, and construct the objective function and constraints;

[0010] S5: Based on the step-by-step carbon emission model, the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration and thermal energy storage is optimized in combination with the objective function and constraints to complete carbon optimization.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes a stepped carbon emission mechanism to optimize the solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system, which can reduce the total carbon emissions and improve the ability to absorb wind power abandonment and power supply and heating. Compared with the traditional electrochemical energy storage plus thermal energy storage with the properties of a heat storage tank, electric thermal storage has dual energy storage properties, which can guide itself to store energy during low and wind abandonment periods, and take effect during peak electricity price periods or heat load peak periods, further improving the system's balancing and regulating capabilities and wind abandonment absorption capabilities, and significantly reducing system operating costs.

[0012] Further: the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable combined heat and power thermal energy storage includes: a solid thermal storage type thermal energy storage system and a combined heat and power gas group system;

[0013] The mathematical expression of the solid thermal storage type thermal energy storage system is as follows:

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] Among them, P rc,e (t) is the electrical energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P dh,rc (t) is the heat energy converted from the input electrical energy of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting electrical energy, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting heat energy, The efficiency of electric heat storage in solid thermal energy storage system. is the minimum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the maximum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the lower limit of the climbing of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the upper limit of the climbing range of the solid thermal energy storage system. is the lower limit of the thermal-to-electric ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system, It is the upper limit of the thermal-to-electricity ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system;

[0017] The mathematical expression of the cogeneration gas group system is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the CHP gas group at time t, The thermal energy efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output is The efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output, is the lower limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the upper limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the lower limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system, It is the upper limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is: establishing a solid thermal energy storage system and a combined heat and power gas group system to facilitate subsequent carbon optimization calculations.

[0021] Further: The mathematical expression of the step-by-step carbon emission model is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] E IES,s =E IES,a -E IES

[0024] Among them, f c is the step-by-step carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, σ is the carbon trading price growth rate, l is the carbon emission rights trading amount, E IES,s is the carbon emission trading amount of IES integrated energy system, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, E IES Carbon emission quota for IES integrated energy system;

[0025] The total carbon emissions of the IES comprehensive energy system are E IES,a The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, Carbon emissions from non-clean energy purchased for the upper power grid, is the carbon emissions of the non-clean energy part of the CHP unit, is the carbon emission of the non-clean energy part of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the unit carbon emission intensity of thermal power units, is the unit carbon emission intensity of natural gas units, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t;

[0028] The carbon emission quota of the IES integrated energy system IES The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0029] E IES =E buy +E chp +E rc

[0030]

[0031] Among them, E IES is the carbon emission quota of the IES integrated energy system, E buy The carbon emission quota for purchasing electricity from the upper power grid, E chp is the carbon emission quota of the CHP unit, E rc is the carbon emission quota of the solid thermal energy storage system, κ e is the carbon emission quota per unit of electricity, κ g is the unit gas carbon emission quota, P buy,e (t) is the portion of the electric power input from the energy storage system at time t that is purchased from the upper power grid, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, It is the part of the input electric power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

[0032] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is: establishing a stepped carbon emission model can better describe the relationship between price changes and carbon emissions of solid thermal storage cogeneration energy storage systems.

[0033] Further: the expression of the objective function is as follows:

[0034] F ies =min(f buy +f c +f wq )

[0035]

[0036] Among them, F ies is the objective function, f buy is the energy purchase cost of the IES integrated energy system, f c is the tiered carbon trading cost, f wq is the penalty cost for wind curtailment, k e,t is the time-of-use electricity price at time t, k g,t is the time-sharing gas price at time t, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the IES integrated energy system at time t, P is the part of the input power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, buy,g (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, k w is the penalty price for wind curtailment, P w,gi is the wind abandonment volume at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

[0037] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that through the objective function, various low-carbon cost optimization dispatches with the lowest cost can be constructed to reduce the total cost of the system.

[0038] Further: the constraints include wind power output constraints, energy storage operation constraints, electric energy balance constraints, thermal energy balance constraints and natural gas balance constraints;

[0039] The mathematical expression of the wind power output constraint is as follows:

[0040] 0≤P w (t)≤P DW

[0041] Among them, P w (t) is the actual wind power output at time t, P DW is the total rated power of wind power;

[0042] The mathematical expression of the energy storage operation constraint is as follows:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] in, is the charging power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, are the discharge power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, is the maximum single charge and discharge power of the nth type of energy storage, is the upper limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth category, is the lower limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth type, S n (t) is the real-time capacity of the nth type of energy storage capacity at time t, η c,n is the charging efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, η f,n is the energy release efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, It is the charging mark of the nth type of energy storage. is the energy storage and release mark of the nth type, and Δt is a time interval;

[0046] The mathematical expression of the power balance constraint is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P load,e (t) is the electrical load at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t;

[0049] The expression of the thermal energy balance constraint is as follows:

[0050] P chp,h (t)+P rc,h (t) = P load,h (t)

[0051] Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P load,h (t) is the heat load at time t;

[0052] The mathematical expression of the natural gas balance constraint is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, P buy,g(t) is the total gas purchase volume of solid thermal storage type gas load at time t, P load,g (t) is the gas load at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the cogeneration gas group at time t.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: through wind power output constraints, energy storage operation constraints, electricity balance constraints, thermal energy balance constraints and natural gas balance constraints, the ability to absorb wind curtailment and power supply and heating can be further improved, carbon emissions can be reduced, and the total cost increase will not be large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 A flow chart of a carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage combined heat and power energy storage system;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the IES operation framework structure of an integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a flow chart of a carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Obtaining the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data in the regional energy system;

[0061] S2: Based on the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data, establish the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage;

[0062] S3: Establish a step-by-step carbon emission model based on the different energy coefficients in different periods of the regional energy system;

[0063] S4: Conduct low-carbon optimization scheduling of the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage, and construct the objective function and constraints;

[0064] S5: Based on the step-by-step carbon emission model, the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration and thermal energy storage is optimized in combination with the objective function and constraints to complete carbon optimization.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, taking a regional energy and power system as the research object, the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage is constructed, that is, a solid thermal storage cogeneration energy storage system, including energy side, energy coupling equipment and demand side. The energy measurement includes wind turbines, upper power grid, natural gas grid, energy coupling equipment includes solid thermal storage, waste heat boiler, steam turbine, gas energy storage, gas turbine, electric energy storage power station, gas energy storage and carbon trading market, and the demand side includes electric load, thermal load and gas load, among which solid thermal storage, waste heat boiler and steam turbine constitute thermal energy storage power station; electric load is supplied by wind turbines, gas turbines, thermal energy storage power station and electric energy storage power station, and when it is insufficient, electricity is purchased from the upper power grid; thermal load is supplied by gas turbines and thermal energy storage power station, and gas load is supplied by natural gas grid and gas energy storage. The IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage includes: solid thermal storage thermal energy storage system and cogeneration gas group system;

[0066] The solid thermal energy storage system is an energy storage system that can provide both electricity and heating services. It can maximize the utilization value of stored energy while supporting the construction of new energy systems. Compared with common electrochemical energy storage, it has the characteristics of high system economic performance, long life cycle and good equipment stability.

[0067] The high-temperature magnesium brick solid thermal storage equipment converts the low or surplus electricity at night into thermal energy through the electric-thermal conversion unit inside the electric device, and stores it in the solid magnesium brick in the form of sensible heat, so it can be used as a large-capacity long-term energy storage. The heat storage device drives the air through the fan to exchange heat, and the high-temperature hot air enters the waste heat boiler to exchange heat with water, generating steam with medium and high parameters such as 535°C and 8.83Mpa, and enters the extraction condensing or back-pressure steam turbine unit for cogeneration of heat and power. Its working input has the characteristics of an electric heat storage device, and its output characteristics have the characteristics of a CHP gas unit. Therefore, the mathematical expression of the solid thermal storage type thermal energy storage system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Among them, P rc,e (t) is the electrical energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P dh,rc (t) is the heat energy converted from the input electrical energy of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting electrical energy, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting heat energy, The efficiency of electric heat storage in solid thermal energy storage system. is the minimum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the maximum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the lower limit of the climbing of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the upper limit of the climbing range of the solid thermal energy storage system. is the lower limit of the thermal-to-electric ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system, It is the upper limit of the thermal-to-electricity ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system;

[0071] CHP units with combined heat and power usually adopt the operation of "electricity determines heat" and "heat determines electricity", which is difficult to match the electricity and heat loads in space and time. The CHP unit with combined heat and power with adjustable heat-to-power ratio introduces the ORC waste heat power generation model, generates electricity by burning natural gas, and supplies the heat load with the waste heat generated in the power generation process. The CHP unit with combined heat and power with adjustable heat-to-power ratio can adjust the electricity and heat output according to the real-time electricity and heat energy demand, further optimizing the operation efficiency. The mathematical expression of the combined heat and power gas group system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the CHP gas group at time t, The thermal energy efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output is The efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output, is the lower limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the upper limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the lower limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system, It is the upper limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system.

[0074] Traditional carbon emissions are limited to a single value. The purchase price of the step-type carbon trading increases with the accumulation of carbon emission rights trading amount, thereby further limiting carbon emissions. This embodiment is a step-type carbon emission model. The mathematical expression of the step-type carbon emission model is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] E IES,s =E IES,a -E IES

[0077] Among them, f c is the step-by-step carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, σ is the carbon trading price growth rate, l is the carbon emission rights trading amount, E IES,s is the carbon emission trading amount of IES integrated energy system, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, E IES Carbon emission quota for IES integrated energy system;

[0078] The total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system E IES,a The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Among them, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, Carbon emissions from non-clean energy purchased for the upper power grid, is the carbon emissions of the non-clean energy part of the CHP unit, is the carbon emission of the non-clean energy part of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the unit carbon emission intensity of thermal power units, is the unit carbon emission intensity of natural gas units, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t;

[0082] IES integrated energy system carbon emission quota E IES The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0083] E IES =E buy +E chp +E rc

[0084]

[0085] Among them, E IESis the carbon emission quota of the IES integrated energy system, E buy The carbon emission quota for purchasing electricity from the upper power grid, E chp is the carbon emission quota of the CHP unit, E rc is the carbon emission quota of the solid thermal energy storage system, κ e is the carbon emission quota per unit of electricity, κ g is the unit gas carbon emission quota, P buy,e (t) is the portion of the electric power input from the energy storage system at time t that is purchased from the upper power grid, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, It is the part of the input electric power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

[0086] This embodiment considers the various operating entities and new energy consumption rate in the IES comprehensive energy system to construct a system based on the energy purchase cost f of the IES comprehensive energy system. buy , Tiered carbon trading costs c and wind curtailment penalty cost f wq In order to minimize the total cost of low-carbon optimal scheduling, the objective function is set. The expression of the objective function is as follows:

[0087] F ies =min(f buy +f c +f wq )

[0088]

[0089] Among them, F ies is the objective function, f buy is the energy purchase cost of the IES integrated energy system, f c is the tiered carbon trading cost, f wq is the penalty cost for wind curtailment, k e,t is the time-of-use electricity price at time t, k g,t is the time-sharing gas price at time t, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the IES integrated energy system at time t, P is the part of the input power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, buy,g (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, k w is the penalty price for wind curtailment, P w,gi is the wind abandonment volume at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, setting constraint conditions includes wind power output constraint, energy storage operation constraint, electric energy balance constraint, thermal energy balance constraint and natural gas balance constraint;

[0091] The mathematical expression of wind power output constraint is as follows:

[0092] 0≤P w (t)≤P DW

[0093] Among them, P w (t) is the actual wind power output at time t, P DW is the total rated power of wind power;

[0094] The mathematical expression of energy storage operation constraints is as follows:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] in, is the charging power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, are the discharge power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, is the maximum single charge and discharge power of the nth type of energy storage, is the upper limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth category, is the lower limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth type, S n (t) is the real-time capacity of the nth type of energy storage capacity at time t, η c,n is the charging efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, η f,n is the energy release efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, It is the charging mark of the nth type of energy storage. is the energy storage and release mark of the nth type, and Δt is a time interval;

[0098] The mathematical expression of the power balance constraint is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P load,e (t) is the electrical load at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t;

[0101] The expression of thermal energy balance constraint is as follows:

[0102] P chp,h (t)+P rc,h (t) = P load,h (e)

[0103] Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, O rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P load,h (t) is the heat load at time t;

[0104] The mathematical expression of the natural gas balance constraint is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, P buy,g (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P load,g (t) is the gas load at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the cogeneration gas group at time t.

[0107] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes a stepped carbon emission mechanism to optimize the solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system, which can reduce the total carbon emissions and improve the ability to absorb wind power abandonment and power supply and heating. Compared with the traditional electrochemical energy storage plus thermal energy storage with the properties of a heat storage tank, electric thermal storage has dual energy storage properties, which can guide itself to store energy during low and wind abandonment periods, and take effect during peak electricity price periods or heat load peak periods, further improving the system's balancing and regulating capabilities and wind abandonment absorption capabilities, and significantly reducing system operating costs.

Claims

1. A carbon optimization method for solid thermal storage combined heat and power storage system, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1: Obtaining the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data in the regional energy system; S2: Based on the electricity load data, gas load data and heat load data, establish the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage; S3: Establish a step-by-step carbon emission model based on the different energy coefficients in different periods of the regional energy system; S4: Conduct low-carbon optimization scheduling of the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration thermal energy storage, and construct the objective function and constraints; S5: Based on the step-by-step carbon emission model, the IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable cogeneration and thermal energy storage is optimized in combination with the objective function and constraints to complete carbon optimization.

2. The carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The IES operation framework of the integrated energy system with carbon emission mechanism and adjustable combined heat and power thermal energy storage includes: solid thermal storage type thermal energy storage system and combined heat and power gas group system; The mathematical expression of the solid thermal storage type thermal energy storage system is as follows: Among them, P rc,e (t) is the electrical energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P dh,rc (t) is the heat energy converted from the input electrical energy of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting electrical energy, is the efficiency of the solid thermal energy storage system outputting heat energy, The efficiency of electric heat storage in solid thermal energy storage system. is the minimum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the maximum input power of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the lower limit of the climbing of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the upper limit of the climbing range of the solid thermal energy storage system. is the lower limit of the thermal-to-electric ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system, It is the upper limit of the thermal-to-electricity ratio of the solid thermal energy storage system; The mathematical expression of the cogeneration gas group system is as follows: Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the CHP gas group at time t, The thermal energy efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output is The efficiency of the combined heat and power gas group system output, is the lower limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the upper limit of the ramp rate of the combined heat and power gas group system, is the lower limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system, It is the upper limit of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the combined heat and power gas group system.

3. The carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mathematical expression of the step-by-step carbon emission model is as follows: AND IES,s =And IES,a -AND IES Among them, f c is the step-by-step carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, σ is the carbon trading price growth rate, k is the carbon emission rights trading amount, E IES,s is the carbon emission trading amount of IES integrated energy system, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, E IES Carbon emission quota for IES integrated energy system; The total carbon emissions of the IES comprehensive energy system are E IES,a The mathematical expression is as follows: Among them, E IES,a is the total carbon emissions of the IES integrated energy system, Carbon emissions from non-clean energy purchased for the upper power grid, is the carbon emissions of the non-clean energy part of the CHP unit, is the carbon emission of the non-clean energy part of the solid thermal energy storage system, is the unit carbon emission intensity of thermal power units, is the unit carbon emission intensity of natural gas units, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t; The carbon emission quota of the IES integrated energy system IES The mathematical expression is as follows: AND IES =And buy +E chp +E rc Among them, E IES is the carbon emission quota of the IES integrated energy system, E buy The carbon emission quota for purchasing electricity from the upper power grid, E chp is the carbon emission quota of the CHP unit, E rc is the carbon emission quota of the solid thermal energy storage system, κ e is the carbon emission quota per unit of electricity, κ g is the unit gas carbon emission quota, P buy,e (t) is the portion of the electric power input from the energy storage system at time t that is purchased from the upper power grid, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, It is the part of the input electric power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

4. The carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The expression of the objective function is as follows: F ies =min(f buy +f c +f wq ) Among them, F ies is the objective function, f buy is the energy purchase cost of the IES integrated energy system, f c is the tiered carbon trading cost, f wq is the penalty cost for wind curtailment, k e,t is the time-of-use electricity price at time t, k g,t is the time-sharing gas price at time t, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the IES integrated energy system at time t, P is the part of the input power of the solid thermal energy storage system purchased from the upper power grid at time t, buy,g (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, k w is the penalty price for wind curtailment, P w,gi is the wind abandonment volume at time t, T is a scheduling cycle, and t is the time.

5. The carbon optimization method for a solid thermal storage type cogeneration energy storage system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The constraints include wind power output constraints, energy storage operation constraints, electric energy balance constraints, thermal energy balance constraints and natural gas balance constraints; The mathematical expression of the wind power output constraint is as follows: 0≤P w (t)≤P DW Among them, P w (t) is the actual wind power output at time t, P DW is the total rated power of wind power; The mathematical expression of the energy storage operation constraint is as follows: in, is the charging power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, are the discharge power of the nth type of energy storage at time t, is the maximum single charge and discharge power of the nth type of energy storage, is the upper limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth category, is the lower limit of the energy storage capacity of the nth type, S n (t) is the real-time capacity of the nth type of energy storage capacity at time t, η c,n is the charging efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, η f,n is the energy release efficiency of the nth type of energy storage, It is the charging mark of the nth type of energy storage. is the energy storage and release mark of the nth type, and Δt is a time interval; The mathematical expression of the power balance constraint is as follows: Among them, P buy,e (t) is the total gas purchase volume of IES integrated energy system at time t, P load,e (t) is the electrical load at time t, P d,rc (t) is the electric power input to the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P chp,e (t) is the electrical power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, P rc,e (t) is the electric energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t; The expression of the thermal energy balance constraint is as follows: P chp,h (t)+P rc,h (t)=P load,h (t) Among them, P chp,h (t) is the thermal power output of the combined heat and power gas group system at time t, O rc,h (t) is the heat energy output by the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P load,h (t) is the heat load at time t; The mathematical expression of the natural gas balance constraint is as follows: Among them, P buy,g (t) is the total gas purchase volume of the solid thermal energy storage system at time t, P load,g (t) is the gas load at time t, P g,chp (t) is the natural gas power input to the cogeneration gas group at time t.

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