Energy storage and thermal power generating unit deep coupling frequency modulation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power system frequency modulation, and discloses an energy storage and thermal power generating unit deep coupling frequency modulation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a power system frequency modulation model containing an energy storage power supply; and by taking the lowest system operation cost as an objective function and combining thermal power generating unit constraints and operation constraints of the energy storage system, constructing a thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model considering the frequency response constraints. The optimization scheduling model is decomposed into a main problem and a sub-problem, and a unit output plan meeting the system frequency modulation requirement and the operation constraint is obtained through iterative solution. According to the solved unit output plan, the output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system is adjusted in real time, and stable frequency adjustment of the power system is achieved. Quick response and flexible adjustment of frequency modulation resources are realized, and the frequency modulation efficiency of a power system is improved. And the optimal scheduling model effectively reduces the operation cost of the power system. And it is ensured that the power system can still operate stably under the condition of large-scale grid connection of new energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system frequency regulation, and in particular to a frequency regulation method and system for deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power generation units. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale grid connection of renewable energy, the frequency stability of the power system faces severe challenges. Although traditional thermal power units have certain frequency regulation capabilities, their response speed is slow and the cost is high. Energy storage systems have become an important means to improve the frequency regulation performance of power systems due to their fast response and flexible adjustment characteristics. However, how to achieve deep coupling between energy storage and thermal power and give full play to the advantages of both is a hot topic in the current research on power system frequency regulation technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is that although the traditional thermal power unit has a certain frequency regulation capability, the response speed is slow and the cost is high.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for deep coupling frequency regulation of energy storage and thermal power units, comprising: constructing a frequency regulation model of a power system containing an energy storage power source.

[0006] Taking the lowest system operating cost as the objective function, combining the constraints of thermal power units and the operating constraints of the energy storage system, a thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model considering frequency response constraints is constructed.

[0007] The optimization scheduling model is decomposed into a main problem and sub-problems, and the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints is obtained through iterative solution.

[0008] According to the solved unit output plan, the output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system is adjusted in real time to achieve stable frequency regulation of the power system.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the frequency regulation method of deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power units described in the present invention, the construction of a power system frequency regulation model containing an energy storage power source includes: the thermal power units in the model use a governor-turbine frequency regulation response model to output frequency regulation power, and the energy storage system uses a frequency regulation controller to respond to system frequency regulation instructions.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the method for deep coupling frequency regulation of energy storage and thermal power units described in the present invention, the objective function of taking the lowest system operating cost includes constructing an optimized scheduling model for deep coupling frequency regulation of energy storage and thermal power units with economy as the objective function.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the method for deep coupling frequency regulation of energy storage and thermal power units described in the present invention, wherein: the thermal power unit constraints include unit output constraints, unit climbing constraints and unit start and stop time constraints. In order to maintain the safe and stable operation of the regional power grid, when the thermal energy storage is combined with the frequency regulation, it is also necessary to configure spare capacity in the actual operation of the thermal power unit and add spare capacity constraints.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the method for deep coupling frequency modulation of energy storage and thermal power units described in the present invention, the operation constraints of the energy storage system include energy storage rated power constraints and energy storage charge rate constraints.

[0013] At the same time, the energy storage system cannot be charged and discharged at the same time. The energy storage system operation state constraint expression is: , in: Energy storage system i exist t The charging variables at the moment, Energy storage system i exist t The charge and discharge variables at each moment.

[0014] The reserve capacity of energy storage specifically considers the rated power, capacity and charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system. The reserve capacity of energy storage is expressed as: , in, represents the minimum reserve capacity of energy storage, Indicates the maximum reserve capacity of energy storage; It indicates the power provided by thermal power unit i at time t; It indicates that the energy storage system i provides power at time t; Represents the energy storage capacity at time t. Energy storage system i exist t Positive reserve capacity provided at all times, Energy storage system i The negative reserve capacity provided at time t is Indicates the positive standby auxiliary state variable, Represents a negative backup auxiliary state variable; when the energy storage system i provides backup flux at time t, it is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0; M represents a sufficiently large positive number.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the deep coupling frequency modulation method of energy storage and thermal power generation units described in the present invention, the operation constraint of the energy storage system also includes a dynamic frequency response constraint, which is expressed as: , in, It indicates the maximum frequency change rate when the system is subjected to extreme power disturbance. Indicates the maximum frequency change rate limit of the system; represents the system steady-state frequency deviation, Indicates the FM dead zone, Indicates the system steady-state frequency deviation limit; It represents the maximum frequency deviation under the system limit power disturbance, Indicates the system's maximum frequency deviation limit. Indicates the amount of regulated power; represents the frequency adjustment coefficient; Indicates the rated angular frequency; Indicates the initial phase of FM; Indicates the current phase of frequency modulation; d indicates the duty cycle; represents the generator damping coefficient, represents the load damping coefficient; R represents the resistance of the generator; t z Indicates the time when the lowest frequency point is reached; Indicates the current angular frequency.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the frequency regulation method of deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power units described in the present invention, wherein: the optimization scheduling model is decomposed into a main problem and sub-problems, and the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints is obtained through iterative solution, including: using the Benders decomposition method to decompose the optimization scheduling model into a main problem and sub-problems, first obtaining the basic operating parameters of the thermal power units and energy storage in the power system, and obtaining the system initial load data PL.

[0017] The main problem is solved according to the thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model, and the unit combination scheduling plan that meets the conventional constraints is calculated. The energy storage and thermal power units at time are obtained respectively. t Start and stop status U i,t , Output Plan P g,t , P ES,t .

[0018] Substitute the output plans of energy storage and thermal power units into the sub-problem to check the system maximum frequency response constraint. If there is no over-limit situation, the optimization is completed and the real-time output status of each unit is output. If the over-limit situation occurs, return to the main problem to re-optimize the unit scheduling by Benders cut, where Benders cut is expressed as: , in, It represents the frequency regulation steady-state power change of thermal power unit g, Indicates the transient power change of thermal power unit g frequency regulation, represents the change in system load at time t, Represents the power change of photovoltaic unit i at time t. Indicates the upper limit of the power change of the energy storage system; represents the power regulation deviation of energy storage system i at time t; Indicates the upper limit of the power regulation deviation of the energy storage system.

[0019] After the optimization is completed, the real-time output status of each unit is output.

[0020] A frequency modulation system for deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power generation units, characterized in that: it includes: Establish a frequency regulation model module and construct a power system frequency regulation model including energy storage power source.

[0021] Construct an optimization scheduling model module, take the lowest system operating cost as the objective function, combine the constraints of thermal power units and the operating constraints of the energy storage system, and construct a thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model that considers frequency response constraints.

[0022] The model solving module decomposes the optimization scheduling model into main problems and sub-problems, and obtains the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints through iterative solution.

[0023] The real-time control module adjusts the output power of the thermal power units and the energy storage system in real time according to the solved unit output plan to achieve stable frequency regulation of the power system.

[0024] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.

[0025] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described above when executed by a processor.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Through the deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power, the frequency regulation resources can be quickly responded and flexibly adjusted, thereby improving the frequency regulation efficiency of the power system. The optimization scheduling model aims to minimize the system operation cost, and is solved in combination with the frequency response constraint, effectively reducing the operation cost of the power system. The output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system is adjusted in real time to ensure that the power system can maintain stable operation when large-scale new energy is connected to the grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them: Figure 1 An overall flow chart of a method for deep coupling frequency modulation of energy storage and thermal power units provided for the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 A frequency regulation control range diagram under continuous disturbance of a frequency regulation method for deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power units provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for deep coupling frequency modulation of energy storage and thermal power generation units, comprising: S1: Construct a frequency regulation model of the power system including energy storage power source.

[0031] In the model, the thermal power unit uses the governor-turbine frequency regulation response model to output frequency regulation power, and the energy storage system uses a frequency regulation controller to respond to the system frequency regulation command.

[0032] S2: Taking the lowest system operating cost as the objective function, combining the constraints of thermal power units and the operating constraints of the energy storage system, a thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model considering frequency response constraints is constructed.

[0033] Taking economy as the objective function, a frequency regulation optimization scheduling model of deep coupling between energy storage and thermal power units is constructed, which can be expressed as: , in, C represents the system operating cost, C G represents the operating cost of thermal power units, C ES Represents the operating cost of the energy storage system. T Indicates time, N G Indicates the number of thermal power units, NES Indicates the number of energy storage power stations. α i Thermal power unit i Energy cost coefficient, β i represents the energy consumption cost coefficient of thermal power unit i, γ i Represents thermal power unit i Energy cost coefficient, u i,t Indicates the unit i exist t The opening sign of the moment, v i,t represents the stop sign of unit i at time t, U i,t Indicates the unit i exist t The operating status at the moment, C on G,t Represents thermal power unit i Start-up cost factor, C off G,i Represents thermal power unit i Shutdown cost factor. C es,price Represents the unit price of the energy storage system operating cost, P G,i,t Represents thermal power unit i Power generation capacity. P C,i,t represents the charging power of the energy storage system, P D,i,t Represents the discharge power of the energy storage system.

[0034] The constraints of thermal power units include unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, and unit start and stop time constraints, which can be expressed as: , in, P min G,i Represents thermal power unit i The minimum output limit of P real G,i,t-1 Indicates the thermal power unit at time t-1 i The actual output, P max G,i Represents thermal power unit i The maximum output limit of R up,i Represents thermal power unit i The climbing speed limit, Rdn,i Represents thermal power unit i The downhill speed limit, P G,i,t-1 Represents thermal power unit i The power generated at the previous moment. t 0 Indicates the current t time, t off Indicates the minimum shutdown time of the thermal power unit. t on Indicates the minimum startup time of the thermal power unit. U t i Indicates the unit i exist t The operating status at the moment, U t-1 i Indicates the unit i exist t-1 The operating status at the moment.

[0035] In order to maintain the safe and stable operation of the regional power grid, when the thermal power generation unit is combined with the thermal power generation unit for frequency regulation, it is necessary to configure the spare capacity in the actual operation of the thermal power unit. The spare capacity constraint condition is expressed as: , in: Represents thermal power unit i exist t The positive spinning reserve capacity at all times, Represents thermal power unit i exist t Negative spinning reserve capacity at all times. u i,t Indicates the unit i exist t The opening sign of the moment.

[0036] The operation constraints of the energy storage system include energy storage rated power constraints and energy storage charge rate constraints, which are expressed as: , in, P EN Energy storage system i Rated power limit, SOC min i Energy storage system i The minimum SOC boundary allowed for operation, SOC max i Energy storage system i The maximum SOC boundary allowed for operation.

[0037] At the same time, the energy storage system cannot be charged and discharged at the same time. The energy storage system operation state constraint expression is: , in: Energy storage system i exist t The charging variables at the moment, Energy storage system i exist t The charge and discharge variables at each moment.

[0038] The reserve capacity of energy storage specifically considers the rated power and capacity of the energy storage, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system. The reserve capacity of energy storage is expressed as: , in, represents the minimum reserve capacity of energy storage, Indicates the maximum reserve capacity of energy storage; It indicates the power provided by thermal power unit i at time t; It indicates that the energy storage system i provides power at time t; Represents the energy storage capacity at time t. Energy storage system i exist t Positive reserve capacity provided at all times, Energy storage system i The negative reserve capacity provided at time t is Indicates the positive standby auxiliary state variable, Represents a negative backup auxiliary state variable; when the energy storage system i provides backup flux at time t, it is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0; M represents a sufficiently large positive number.

[0039] It should be noted that the dynamic frequency response constraint of the energy storage coupled unit in the power system is one of the key factors to ensure the stable operation of the system. In the power system frequency regulation model containing energy storage power sources, the energy storage system quickly responds to the system frequency regulation command through its frequency regulation controller, and cooperates with the thermal power units to jointly regulate the system frequency.

[0040] Dynamic frequency response constraints include maximum frequency change rate constraints, steady-state frequency deviation constraints, and maximum frequency deviation constraints. These constraints limit the range and rate of frequency change of the system under different operating conditions, ensuring that the system can maintain a safe and stable operating state at all times. Specifically, when the system is subject to extreme power disturbances, the energy storage system can respond quickly and cooperate with the thermal power units to adjust the system frequency change rate so that the system frequency change rate does not exceed the set maximum value. At the same time, during the adjustment process, the system steady-state frequency deviation is also controlled within the allowable range to ensure power supply quality and system stability.

[0041] In addition, the dynamic frequency response constraints of the energy storage coupled units also take into account factors such as the rated power, capacity, and charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system, ensuring that the energy storage system can fully play its frequency regulation role while avoiding performance degradation or safety risks caused by overcharging or over-discharging. The combined effect of these constraints enables the energy storage coupled units to play a more stable and efficient frequency regulation role in the power system, improving the overall performance and reliability of the power system.

[0042] The operation constraints of the energy storage system also include dynamic frequency response constraints, which are expressed as: , in, It indicates the maximum frequency change rate when the system is subjected to extreme power disturbance. Indicates the maximum frequency change rate limit of the system; represents the system steady-state frequency deviation, Indicates the FM dead zone, Indicates the system steady-state frequency deviation limit; It represents the maximum frequency deviation under the system limit power disturbance, Indicates the system's maximum frequency deviation limit. Indicates the amount of regulated power; represents the frequency adjustment coefficient; Indicates the rated angular frequency; Indicates the initial phase of FM; Indicates the current phase of frequency modulation; d indicates the duty cycle; represents the generator damping coefficient, represents the load damping coefficient; R represents the resistance of the generator; t z Indicates the time when the lowest frequency point is reached; Indicates the current angular frequency.

[0043] S3: Decompose the optimization scheduling model into main problems and sub-problems, and obtain the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints through iterative solution.

[0044] It should be noted that when constructing the thermal power-energy storage joint optimization dispatch model, the minimization of the system frequency regulation operation cost is taken as the core objective function, and the conventional operation constraints of the system and the key dynamic frequency response constraints are comprehensively considered to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the model. In view of the nonlinear characteristics of the system maximum frequency deviation constraint, the traditional linearization method is no longer applicable, so the Benders decomposition method is adopted as the solution strategy. This method is decomposed into two relatively independent but closely related parts: the main problem and the sub-problem. The main problem mainly deals with the optimization solution without considering the system maximum frequency deviation constraint, aiming to preliminarily determine the start and stop status and target output plan of each thermal power unit and energy storage system. Subsequently, these preliminary solutions are passed to the sub-problem as input data for strict system maximum frequency deviation constraint verification. In the sub-problem, if it is found that there is a situation where the system maximum frequency deviation constraint is not met, the corresponding Benders cut is generated according to the verification result and fed back to the main problem. These Benders cuts serve as additional constraints to guide the main problem to be further optimized and solved in the subsequent iteration process, so that the optimization results gradually approach the direction of satisfying the system maximum frequency deviation. Through the iterative solution process between the main problem and the sub-problems, and the effective application of Benders cut, the optimal solution that satisfies all the system operation constraints (including dynamic frequency response constraints) can be finally obtained, and the specific output value of each unit can be output. This process not only solves the nonlinear problem of the maximum frequency deviation constraint of the system, but also minimizes the system frequency regulation operation cost, providing scientific decision-making support for the safe, economical and efficient operation of the power system.

[0045] The Benders decomposition method is used to decompose the optimization scheduling model into main problems and sub-problems. First, the basic operating parameters of the thermal power units and energy storage in the power system are obtained, and the initial load data PL of the system is obtained.

[0046] The main problem is solved according to the thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model, and the unit combination scheduling plan that meets the conventional constraints is calculated. The energy storage and thermal power units at time are obtained respectively. t Start and stop status U i,t , Output Plan P g,t , P ES,t .

[0047] Substitute the output plans of energy storage and thermal power units into the sub-problem to check the system maximum frequency response constraint. If there is no over-limit situation, the optimization is completed and the real-time output status of each unit is output. If the over-limit situation occurs, return to the main problem to re-optimize the unit scheduling by Benders cut, where Benders cut is expressed as: , in, It represents the frequency regulation steady-state power change of thermal power unit g, Indicates the transient power change of thermal power unit g frequency regulation, represents the change in system load at time t, Represents the power change of photovoltaic unit i at time t. Indicates the upper limit of the power change of the energy storage system; represents the power regulation deviation of energy storage system i at time t; Indicates the upper limit of the power regulation deviation of the energy storage system.

[0048] After the optimization is completed, the real-time output status of each unit is output.

[0049] S4: According to the solved unit output plan, the output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system is adjusted in real time to achieve stable frequency regulation of the power system.

[0050] The computer device may be a server. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data cluster data of the power monitoring system. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for deep coupling frequency modulation of energy storage and thermal power units is implemented.

[0051] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0052] Example 2, reference Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method and system for deep coupling frequency modulation of energy storage and thermal power units. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through simulation experiments.

[0053] In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling strategy, this study designed a case based on a continuous 120-minute load disturbance for verification. Figure 2The system frequency fluctuations before and after the application of the control strategy of the present invention are shown. Through comparative analysis, it can be significantly observed that after the adjustment using the strategy of the present invention, the fluctuation of the system frequency has been significantly improved compared with the initial state, showing a more stable state. In order to further quantify this effect, Table 1 summarizes the maximum frequency deviation indicators in the positive and negative directions between the initial frequency of the system and the frequency after adjustment using the strategy of the present invention.

[0054] Table 1 Comparison of maximum frequency deviation indicators , The data comparison clearly shows that the control strategy of the present invention exhibits excellent performance in effectively stabilizing system frequency fluctuations. Specifically, if ±0.033 Hz is used as the frequency fluctuation threshold, the system frequency adjusted by the strategy of the present invention fully meets this strict requirement and achieves stable operation of the system. This conclusion not only verifies the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, but also provides a solid theoretical basis for its promotion and application in actual power systems.

[0055] Embodiment 3 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a frequency regulation system for deeply coupling energy storage and thermal power units, including a data acquisition module, a model building module, an optimization scheduling module and a real-time control module. The data acquisition module is used to collect power system load data and new energy photovoltaic power data. The model building module constructs a power system frequency regulation model containing energy storage power sources based on the collected data. The optimization scheduling module uses the Benders decomposition method to solve the model based on the constructed frequency regulation model and the optimization scheduling model to obtain the unit output plan. The real-time control module adjusts the output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system in real time according to the unit output plan output by the optimization scheduling module.

[0056] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frequency modulation method for deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power generation units. It is characterized in that include: Construct a frequency regulation model of the power system including energy storage power source; Taking the lowest system operating cost as the objective function, combined with the constraints of thermal power units and the operating constraints of energy storage systems, a thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model considering frequency response constraints is constructed. The optimization scheduling model is decomposed into a main problem and sub-problems, and the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints is obtained through iterative solution; According to the solved unit output plan, the output power of the thermal power unit and the energy storage system is adjusted in real time to achieve stable frequency regulation of the power system.

2. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method according to claim 1, Features: The construction of the power system frequency regulation model containing the energy storage power source includes: the thermal power unit in the model uses the governor-turbine frequency regulation response model to output frequency regulation power, and the energy storage system uses the frequency regulation controller to respond to the system frequency regulation command.

3. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method as claimed in claim 2, Features: The objective function of taking the lowest system operating cost includes constructing a frequency regulation optimization scheduling model with deep coupling of energy storage and thermal power units taking economy as the objective function.

4. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method as claimed in claim 3, Features: The thermal power unit constraints include unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints and unit start and stop time constraints. In order to maintain the safe and stable operation of the regional power grid, when thermal power generation and storage are combined for frequency regulation, it is also necessary to configure spare capacity in the actual operation of the thermal power unit and add spare capacity constraints.

5. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method as claimed in claim 4, Features: The operation constraints of the energy storage system include energy storage rated power constraints and energy storage charge rate constraints; At the same time, the energy storage system cannot be charged and discharged at the same time. The energy storage system operation state constraint expression is: ， in: Energy storage system i exist t The charging variables at the moment, Energy storage system i exist t The charge and discharge variables at each moment; The reserve capacity of energy storage specifically considers the rated power, capacity and charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system. The reserve capacity of energy storage is expressed as: ， in, represents the minimum reserve capacity of energy storage, Indicates the maximum reserve capacity of energy storage; It indicates the power provided by thermal power unit i at time t; It indicates that the energy storage system i provides power at time t; represents the energy storage capacity at time t; Energy storage system i exist t Positive reserve capacity provided at all times, Energy storage system i The negative reserve capacity provided at time t is Indicates the positive standby auxiliary state variable, Represents a negative backup auxiliary state variable; when the energy storage system i provides backup flux at time t, it is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0; M represents a sufficiently large positive number.

6. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method as claimed in claim 5, Features: The operation constraints of the energy storage system also include dynamic frequency response constraints, which are expressed as: ， in, It indicates the maximum frequency change rate when the system is subjected to extreme power disturbance. Indicates the maximum frequency change rate limit of the system; represents the system steady-state frequency deviation, Indicates the frequency modulation dead zone, Indicates the system steady-state frequency deviation limit; It represents the maximum frequency deviation under the system limit power disturbance, Indicates the maximum frequency deviation limit of the system; Indicates the amount of regulated power; represents the frequency adjustment coefficient; Indicates the rated angular frequency; Indicates the initial phase of FM; Indicates the current phase of frequency modulation; d indicates the duty cycle; represents the generator damping coefficient, represents the load damping coefficient; R represents the resistance of the generator; t z Indicates the time when the lowest frequency point is reached; Indicates the current angular frequency.

7. The energy storage and thermal power unit deep coupling frequency modulation method as claimed in claim 6, Features: Decomposing the optimization dispatch model into a main problem and sub-problems, and obtaining the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints through iterative solution includes: using the Benders decomposition method to decompose the optimization dispatch model into a main problem and sub-problems, first obtaining the basic operating parameters of the thermal power units and energy storage in the power system, and obtaining the system initial load data PL; The main problem is solved according to the thermal power-energy storage optimization scheduling model, and the unit combination scheduling plan that meets the conventional constraints is calculated. The energy storage and thermal power units at the time are obtained respectively. t Start and stop status U i,t , Output Plan P g,t , P ES,t ; Substitute the output plans of energy storage and thermal power units into the sub-problem to check the system maximum frequency response constraint. If there is no over-limit situation, the optimization is completed and the real-time output status of each unit is output; if there is an over-limit situation, return to the main problem to re-optimize the unit scheduling by Benders cut, where Benders cut is expressed as: ， in, It represents the frequency regulation steady-state power change of thermal power unit g, Indicates the transient power change of thermal power unit g frequency regulation, represents the change in system load at time t, Indicates the power change of photovoltaic unit i at time t; Indicates the upper limit of the power change of the energy storage system; represents the power regulation deviation of energy storage system i at time t; Indicates the upper limit of the power regulation deviation of the energy storage system; After the optimization is completed, the real-time output status of each unit is output.

8. A deep coupling frequency modulation system of energy storage and thermal power generation units using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Features: Establish a frequency regulation model module and construct a power system frequency regulation model including energy storage power source; Construct an optimization dispatch model module, take the lowest system operation cost as the objective function, combine the constraints of thermal power units and the operation constraints of energy storage systems, and construct a thermal power-energy storage optimization dispatch model that considers frequency response constraints; The model solving module decomposes the optimization scheduling model into main problems and sub-problems, and obtains the unit output plan that meets the system frequency regulation requirements and operation constraints through iterative solving; The real-time control module adjusts the output power of the thermal power units and the energy storage system in real time according to the solved unit output plan to achieve stable frequency regulation of the power system.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program. It is characterized in that When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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