Method for rapidly cultivating big seedlings of pinus thunbergii and pinus densiflora

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly cultivating big seedlings of pinus thunbergii and pinus densiflora, which comprises the following steps: fully mixing coco coir, turfy soil and decomposed pine needle mulch according to the mass ratio of 7: 2: 1 to form a rooting substrate; uniformly spraying a 800-fold carbendazim solution on the rooting substrate, fully sterilizing, and then fully spraying a rooting agent on the rooting substrate and uniformly stirring; the method comprises the following steps: selecting a robust plant, cutting back a rotation branch at the lower part of a layering part, keeping 20-30cm, selecting a pinus thunbergii branch according to the specification of a high-altitude layering propagation device, and removing pine needles on the branch on which the layering propagation device is to be placed; keeping the rooting substrate moist; cultivating for about three months, transplanting the branches with root systems into a container, and performing seedling cultivation management. According to the method, seedlings and matrix preparation are optimized, it is ensured that the seedlings grow in the optimal environment, and the survival rate and quality of the seedlings are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of black pine planting, and in particular to a method for rapidly cultivating large black pine and red pine seedlings. Background Art

[0002] In the field of landscaping and forestry planting, black pine and red pine are important ornamental and ecological tree species, and their large seedling cultivation has always received widespread attention. At present, the methods widely used in the market to quickly cultivate large black pine and red pine seedlings mainly rely on traditional seedling cultivation techniques, including seed sowing, natural growth and appropriate pruning management. However, these methods have significant disadvantages: first, the growth cycle is long, usually taking several years or even more than ten years to reach the ideal transplantation or ornamental specifications; second, they are greatly affected by the natural environment, such as pests and diseases, climate change and other uncertain factors that can easily lead to a decrease in the survival rate of seedlings. Cuttings have slow rooting, long manual management time, climatic conditions and other factors, and the rooting rate of each cutting is different, with the lowest being less than 10%. In addition, it is difficult to collect cuttings, the utilization rate is low, and the cost of cuttings is high. The method of breeding black pine and red pine seedlings by cuttings has not been widely used in production. Grafting propagation branch grafting and needle bundle grafting, hard branch grafting experiments were conducted on black pine and red pine, but the survival rate was less than 40%; third, traditional management methods are inefficient and labor costs are high, making it difficult to achieve large-scale and standardized production. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new method for quickly cultivating black pine and red pine seedlings that can shorten the growth cycle, increase the survival rate, reduce costs, and is easy to promote. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem that black pine is difficult to grow into a forest in the prior art, and to propose a method for quickly cultivating black pine and red pine large seedlings.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Coconut bran, peat soil and decomposed pine needle soil are fully mixed in a mass ratio of 7:2:1 to form a rooting medium; the rooting medium is evenly sprayed with 800 times dilution of carbendazim, and after being fully sterilized, the rooting medium is sprayed with a rooting agent and fully stirred;

[0007] S2 selects healthy plants, cuts the whorled branches at the lower part of the layering position short, retains 20-30cm, selects healthy 2-3 year old black pine branches according to the specifications of the high-altitude layering propagation device, and removes the pine needles on the branches where the layering propagation device will be placed;

[0008] S3 fix the treated black pine and red pine branches with the layering propagation device so that the cup of the device faces upwards and the rooting medium is kept moist;

[0009] After S4 is cultivated for about three months, the branches with roots are transferred to containers for seedling cultivation and management.

[0010] Furthermore, the rooting agent in step S1 includes hormones α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA) in a mass ratio of 1:9.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, the ring-barking width is twice the thickness of the branch, and the xylem exposed by the ring-barking is scraped clean of phloem with a blade.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, pillars are buried in the land where black pine or red pine is layered, a sunshade net with a shading degree of 60% is set up on the upper part, and an automatic sprinkler device is set up under the sunshade net. The spraying time and interval time of the automatic sprinkler device are adjusted in time according to weather conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing method of the high-altitude layering propagation device includes:

[0014] Open the cup of the aerial layering propagation device, add the processed substrate into the left and right parts of the cup, and press it flat by hand;

[0015] Place the processed black pine and red pine branches in the middle of the left and right cups filled with substrate, then install the nuts and screw rods in the fixing holes, tighten them with a screwdriver, adjust the cup to the middle of the branches, tighten it at the lower end with self-tapping screws, and fix the cup on the branches of black pine and red pine.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-altitude layering breeding device includes a left cup body and a right cup body, the left cup body and the right cup body are connected by a rotating part, the left cup body and the right cup body are semicircular to form a cavity covering the roots of the plant, and a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the left cup body and the right cup body.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The present invention significantly accelerates the growth rate of large seedlings of black pine and red pine through nutrition regulation and growth promotion technology, shortens the growth cycle, and improves production efficiency.

[0019] 2. The present invention optimizes the seedling and substrate formulation, ensures that the seedling grows in an optimal environment, and improves the survival rate and quality of the seedling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a pine aerial layering propagation device for a method of rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the actual application of a pine high-altitude layering propagation device for a method of rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine proposed in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. left cup body; 2. right cup body; 3. connecting groove; 4. support ear DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Mix coconut husk, peat soil and crushed pine needle soil (after decomposition) in a ratio of 7:2:1 to form a rooting medium;

[0027] Step 2: One day before layering, spray the substrate evenly with 800 times diluted carbendazim to sterilize it thoroughly and set it aside;

[0028] Step 3: Prepare a homemade rooting agent, hormones α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and indolebutyric acid (I BA), with a mass ratio of IBA:NAA=9:1, 100 ppm liquid;

[0029] Step 4: Spray the substrate with 100ppm homemade rooting agent, stir thoroughly and evenly, until the substrate is moistened to the point where it can be squeezed into a ball with small water droplets, and the ball will naturally fall apart with a light touch after you let go.

[0030] Step 5: Select healthy plants and cut back the whorled branches at the lower part of the layering area, leaving 20-30 cm;

[0031] Step 6: According to the specifications of the high-altitude layering propagation device, select healthy and strong 2- to 3-year-old black pine branches, and remove the pine needles on the branches where the layering propagation device will be placed;

[0032] Step 7: Use a ringing knife to ring the branches at the layering propagation site until the wood is peeled off. The ringing width is twice the thickness of the branch. Use a blade to scrape the phloem of the exposed wood with the ringing knife.

[0033] Step 8, open the cup of the high-altitude layering propagation device for black pine and red pine, add the processed substrate into the left and right parts of the cup, and press it tightly and flatten it by hand;

[0034] Step 9: Place the processed black pine and red pine branches in the middle of the left and right cups filled with the matrix, install the screw nut and screw rod in the fixing hole, tighten and fix it with a screwdriver, adjust the cup to the middle of the branch, tighten it with a self-tapping screw at the lower end, and fix the cup on the black pine and red pine branches;

[0035] Step 1: Use support rods to support the layered plants, especially the layering propagation device should be kept upright with the cup facing upwards;

[0036] Step 10: burying pillars in the plot of black pine or red pine layering, setting up a sunshade net with a shading degree of 60% on the upper part, and setting up an automatic sprinkler device under the sunshade net;

[0037] Step 11, timely adjust the water spraying time and interval time of the automatic sprinkler device according to weather conditions, and keep the substrate in the cup of the layering propagation device moist;

[0038] Step 12. Generally, after about three months of cultivation, there will be many roots differentiated from callus tissue in the high-altitude layering propagation device of black pine or red pine. At this time, you can use pruning shears to cut from the base of the cup body, remove the left and right cup bodies, and transfer the branches with roots to the container for normal seedling cultivation and management.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the high-altitude layering propagation device for black pine and red pine consists of a left and right half cup body, the opening of which is smaller than the upper end, which is advantageous for being stuck on the black pine branches. When performing high-altitude layering propagation of black pine and red pine, the left and right cup bodies are first opened, one side of the two half cup bodies is connected by plastic material, and the other side is not connected, and can be opened left and right. On the side of the left and right cup bodies connected by plastic material, the left cup body 1 and the right cup body 2 are respectively provided with support ears 4, which are fixed and connected by bolts when combined, and a connecting groove 3 is provided at the bottom, and a bolt and nut fixing hole is cast at the lower end, which can be inserted with a nut, and an adjusting bolt is installed on the nut. On the side of the cup body that is not connected, two bolt and nut fixing holes are cast at the upper and lower ends, which can be inserted with a nut, and an adjusting bolt is installed on the nut. A plastic buckle is cast in the middle of the left and right half cup bodies to clamp and fix each other. The lower ends of the left and right cup bodies are short hollow semi-cylindrical. At the lower end of the semi-cylinder, in the middle of the semicircle, a thin plastic sheet is cast. Screw holes are cast close to the upper part of the plastic sheet. After high-altitude layering, it can be fixed to the wood part of the branch with pointed self-tapping screws. When propagating black pine by high-altitude layering, first open the left and right cup bodies, fill the prepared substrate tightly into the left and right cup bodies, and clamp the processed black pine and red pine branches in the middle of the left and right cup bodies. The fixing holes can be fixed with bolts, and the adjusting bolts at the lower opening of the cup body are adjusted to fix the cup body on the black pine branches. Keep the substrate in the cup moist. After about three months, the branches will take root and can be cut and planted.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Coconut bran, peat soil and decomposed pine needle soil are fully mixed in a mass ratio of 7:2:1 to form a rooting medium; the rooting medium is evenly sprayed with 800 times dilution of carbendazim, and after being fully sterilized, the rooting medium is sprayed with a rooting agent and fully stirred; S2 selects healthy plants, cuts the whorled branches at the lower part of the layering position short, retains 20-30cm, selects healthy 2-3 year old black pine branches according to the specifications of the high-altitude layering propagation device, and removes the pine needles on the branches where the layering propagation device will be placed; S3 fix the treated black pine and red pine branches with the layering propagation device so that the cup of the device faces upwards and the rooting medium is kept moist; After S4 is cultivated for about three months, the branches with roots are transferred to containers for seedling cultivation and management.

2. A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rooting agent in step S1 includes hormones α-naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid in a mass ratio of 1:

9.

3. A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the width of the ring barking is twice the thickness of the branch, and the xylem exposed by the ring barking is scraped clean of phloem with a blade.

4. The method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, pillars are buried in the plot of land with black pine or red pine layering, a sunshade net with a shading degree of 60% is set up on the upper part, and an automatic sprinkler device is set up under the sunshade net. The water spraying time and interval time of the automatic sprinkler device are adjusted in time according to weather conditions.

5. The method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing method of the high-altitude layering propagation device comprises: Open the cup of the aerial layering propagation device, add the processed substrate into the left and right parts of the cup, and press it flat by hand; Place the processed black pine and red pine branches in the middle of the left and right cups filled with substrate, then install the nuts and screw rods in the fixing holes, tighten them with a screwdriver, adjust the cup to the middle of the branches, tighten it at the lower end with self-tapping screws, and fix the cup on the branches of black pine and red pine.

6. A method for rapidly cultivating large seedlings of black pine and red pine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-altitude layering breeding device includes a left cup body and a right cup body, which are connected by a rotating part. The left cup body and the right cup body are semicircular to form a cavity covering the roots of plants, and a connecting groove is arranged at the bottom of the left cup body and the right cup body.

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