Acoustic-electromagnetic composite field regulation and control method for metal interface healing

Abstract

The invention provides an acoustic-electromagnetic composite field regulation and control method for metal interface healing, and belongs to the field of material heat treatment. Ultrasonic vibration is adopted for pretreating metal, the initial stress of the metal is regulated and controlled by controlling the amplitude, the vibration frequency and the vibration time of ultrasonic waves, and the interatomic interaction of a component is activated; detecting the initial healing rate of the metal interface; according to the initial healing rate of the metal interface, the metal is treated by adopting different combinations of electromagnetic impact methods in the form of electric impact or magnetic impact, targeted regulation and control are carried out on the activated micro-area damage defects, and high-energy unstable micro-area atoms in the metal interface are driven to move; through ultrasonic vibration pretreatment and electromagnetic impact final treatment for metal interfaces with different initial healing rates, an electric field and a magnetic field are scientifically and reasonably combined for the metal interfaces with different initial healing rates, efficient interface healing is achieved, the advantages of compound field regulation and control are fully played, and the healing effect of the metal interfaces is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material heat treatment, and in particular to an acoustic-electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern industry, large metal components of ten meters are increasingly used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, and shipbuilding. However, such large components have extremely high requirements for billet quality, and the traditional direct casting method has many problems in actual production. In the traditional direct casting process, a large number of casting defects such as shrinkage, shrinkage cavities, inclusions, and uneven composition often appear, which seriously affect the mechanical properties and service life of the castings. Therefore, how to efficiently prepare high-quality large metal billets has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of casting defects of large billets, metal building forming technology came into being. This new process avoids various defects that are prone to occur in traditional casting methods by building small-sized metal units, and achieves high-quality preparation of large metal billets. However, in the metal building forming process, interface healing is a crucial issue, which directly determines the final performance of the billet. Existing research methods optimize the interface healing effect by controlling the deformation amount and deformation temperature, but based on traditional thermal manufacturing methods, these measures are difficult to significantly improve the interface healing effect, which in turn limits the promotion and application of building forming technology.

[0004] Chinese patent CN113579451 discloses an electric shock control method for the state of metal construction and forming organization. By performing electric shock treatment in different regions during the cooling process of the metal blank, the electric shock parameters are precisely designed to eliminate micropores and oxides at the construction interface, homogenize the distribution of organizational stress, and further improve the interface healing effect of the metal component construction and forming process. However, there will be large differences in the initial healing rate of the metal interface of different components. When the same method is used to treat different components, although the processing parameters will be adjusted according to the relevant conditions of the components, it is still difficult to effectively control the healing effect of the metal interface with different components in a targeted manner. At the same time, the healing effect of electric shock alone is limited and needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an acoustic-electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing, which is used to solve the problem that there are large differences in the initial healing rates of metal interfaces of different components, and it is difficult to effectively control the healing effects of metal interfaces with different components by using traditional heat treatment methods.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention provides an acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Use ultrasonic vibration to pre-treat the metal. By controlling the amplitude, vibration frequency and vibration time of the ultrasonic wave, the initial stress of the metal is regulated to activate the atomic interactions in the metal with large stress areas and micro-area damage defects during the component forming and manufacturing process. The micro-area damage defects mainly include dislocation pile-up, stress concentration, interface, micro-nanoscale holes and microcracks. Ultrasonic vibration pre-treatment is an effective preliminary preparation for the subsequent electromagnetic impact treatment. Step 2: Detect the initial healing rate of the metal interface. The metal interface healing rate usually refers to the degree of adhesion or bonding formed when two metal surfaces are initially in contact. This indicator is particularly important in applications such as welding, bonding and surface treatment. The initial healing rate can be affected by many factors, including surface roughness, cleanliness, temperature, pressure and material properties; the main influencing factors are as follows: one is temperature, such as heat treatment temperature. High temperature can promote diffusion between atoms and increase the healing rate; the second is pressure, such as welding pressure. The pressure applied during the metal contact process can increase the contact area and the contact opportunity between atoms; the third is material properties. The atomic structure and chemical properties of different metals have a great influence on the healing rate. The initial healing rate of the metal interface of the component is usually detected through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation or finite element analysis (FEA). Step three, according to the initial healing rate of the metal interface obtained by the detection, the metal is treated in the form of electric shock or magnetic shock, and different combinations of electromagnetic shock methods are used to target the activated micro-area damage defects, drive the high-energy unstable micro-area atomic movement in the metal interface, and stabilize and homogenize the overall organizational state of the component to achieve the best metal interface healing effect. The principle of the present invention is to use the stress changes caused by ultrasonic vibration, the instantaneous heating of the high-density current pulse generated by the electric shock, and the eddy current effect induced by the magnetic shock to respectively treat the metal interface so that its microstructure is optimized and healed.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, in step three, when the initial healing rate of the metal interface is greater than 80%, the metal is treated with electric shock and magnetic shock in sequence; when the initial healing rate of the metal interface is less than 80%, the metal is treated with magnetic shock, electric shock and magnetic shock in sequence. According to the different initial healing rates of the metal interface, the appropriate shock treatment combination sequence and shock type are selected to more accurately regulate the healing of the metal interface and further improve the treatment efficiency and effect.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, when the metal is subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment in step 1, the stress induced into the metal by the ultrasonic vibration is σ u=E·A·ω, where E is the metal elastic modulus, A is the ultrasonic amplitude, and ω is the angular frequency;

[0010] The ultrasonic vibration time is,

[0011]

[0012] Among them, f u is the ultrasonic vibration frequency, κ is the thermal conductivity, ρ is the density of the metal material, η u is the ultrasonic vibration adjustment coefficient. Ultrasonic vibration treatment can effectively promote the adjustment of the internal microstructure of the metal and the interface healing by causing stress changes inside the metal.

[0013] More preferably, the resonant frequency of the metal material is,

[0014]

[0015] Select ultrasonic vibration frequency f u f r Ultrasonic vibration works within the optimal frequency range, which can better stimulate stress changes inside the metal, promote the rearrangement of atoms and the healing of interfaces, and cause more efficient energy transfer inside the metal, thus improving the overall treatment effect.

[0016] More preferably, when the metal is subjected to electromagnetic combined impact treatment in step 3, the value of the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency f is f r By selecting the pulse frequency within this range, the influence of electromagnetic shock on the metal interface can be effectively regulated, the transfer and effect of electromagnetic energy can be optimized, the effect of electromagnetic energy at the interface can be maximized, and the healing effect of the metal interface can be enhanced.

[0017] More preferably, when the metal is subjected to electromagnetic combined impact treatment in step 3, the pulse waveform of the electromagnetic energy output includes a sine wave, a square wave or a triangle wave. Different waveforms have different effects on the metal interface, and the interface healing effect can be optimized by properly adjusting the waveform.

[0018] More preferably, when the metal is subjected to electric shock treatment, the current density is,

[0019]

[0020] Among them, α is the current density coefficient, f is the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency, c p is the specific heat capacity of metal materials, S e is the electromagnetic energy loading area, γ and are the current density adjustment coefficient and phase angle, t eis the time of electric shock treatment. Electric shock treatment generates high-density current pulses to instantly heat the metal interface, promote the diffusion and rearrangement of interface atoms, and thus improve the interface healing effect. By precisely controlling the current density, the metal interface healing effect can be effectively regulated.

[0021] More preferably, the electric shock treatment time is,

[0022]

[0023] Where κ is the thermal conductivity of the metal material, ρ e is the electrical conductivity of the metal material, R is the initial healing rate of the metal interface, and C is a constant related to the metal material. Reasonable electric shock treatment time can ensure that the metal interface obtains sufficient thermal energy, thereby maximizing the diffusion and rearrangement of the interface atoms.

[0024] More preferably, when the metal is subjected to magnetic impact treatment, the magnetic field strength is,

[0025]

[0026] Where β is the magnetic field intensity coefficient, f is the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency, c p is the specific heat capacity of metal materials, S e is the electromagnetic energy loading area, δ is the attenuation coefficient, η is the magnetic field intensity adjustment coefficient, t m is the magnetic shock treatment time. Magnetic shock treatment induces eddy current effect inside the metal by applying a high-intensity magnetic field, which improves the mobility of interface atoms and promotes interface healing. The healing effect of the metal interface can be optimized by reasonably adjusting the magnetic field intensity.

[0027] More preferably, the magnetic impact time is,

[0028]

[0029] Among them, κ is the thermal conductivity of the metal material, ρe is the electrical conductivity of the metal material, R is the initial healing rate of the metal interface, and C is a constant related to the metal material. Reasonable magnetic shock treatment time can ensure that the magnetic field has the best effect on the metal interface and maximize the movement and rearrangement of the interface atoms.

[0030] The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0031] (1) The present invention uses ultrasonic vibration pretreatment and electromagnetic shock final treatment for metal interfaces with different initial healing rates. For metal interfaces with different initial healing rates, the electric field and magnetic field are scientifically and rationally combined to achieve efficient interface healing, giving full play to the advantages of composite field regulation to significantly improve the healing effect of metal interfaces. Unlike traditional long-term heat treatment processes, the present invention not only greatly improves production efficiency but also optimizes the overall quality of metal components by introducing electric, magnetic, and ultrasonic composite field regulation technology into the interface healing process. It provides a new technical means for the high-quality preparation of large metal components, helps to promote the development and promotion of metal construction forming technology, and meets the needs of aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding and other fields for high-performance large metal components.

[0032] (2) In the ultrasonic vibration pretreatment, the present invention utilizes the resonant frequency of the metal material to regulate the initial stress, improves the initial healing state of the metal interface, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent electromagnetic impact treatment.

[0033] (3) During the electromagnetic impact treatment process, an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to promote the optimization of the internal microstructure of the metal and refine the microstructure of the interface area, which not only achieves the adjustment of stress within the micro area and the improvement of interface stability, but also repairs the damage defects in the micro area, thereby improving the stability of the interface and the overall mechanical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the in-situ healing effect of metal interface regulated by the acoustic-electromagnetic composite field of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This example uses aluminum alloy 1070 as the experimental material. The elastic modulus of aluminum alloy is 70 GPa and its density is 2700 kg / m 3The thermal conductivity is 236W / (m*k), the specific heat capacity is 880J / (kg·℃), and the detection shows that the initial healing rate of the metal interface is >80%.

[0039] First, the aluminum alloy was pretreated with ultrasonic vibration at 25°C. The ultrasonic vibration frequency f u It is 300 times the resonance frequency of aluminum alloy, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude A = 10μm, the angular frequency ω = 2πf u .

[0040] Then the aluminum alloy is treated by electric shock and magnetic shock in turn. The electromagnetic energy pulse frequency f = 0.5f r , the waveform adopts sine wave.

[0041] The test showed that the final metal interface healing rate of aluminum alloy 1070 was greater than 95%.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment also uses aluminum alloy 1070 as the experimental material, and the detection shows that the initial metal interface healing rate is 50% to 65%. The aluminum alloy is subjected to ultrasonic vibration pretreatment and electromagnetic combined impact treatment using the same processing parameters. The electromagnetic combined impact treatment uses magnetic impact, electric impact and magnetic impact in sequence, and the final metal interface healing rate of aluminum alloy 1070 is greater than 93%.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] This embodiment also uses aluminum alloy 1070 as the experimental material, and the detection shows that the initial metal interface healing rate is 70% to 80%. The aluminum alloy is subjected to ultrasonic vibration pretreatment and electromagnetic combined impact treatment using the same processing parameters, and the electromagnetic combined impact treatment uses electric impact and magnetic impact in sequence, and the final metal interface healing rate of aluminum alloy 1070 is >85% but <90%.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] This example uses titanium alloy TC4 as the experimental material. The elastic modulus of titanium alloy is 110 GPa and its density is 4500 kg / m 3 The thermal conductivity is 7.955W / (m*k), the specific heat capacity is 532J / (kg·℃), and the detection shows that the initial healing rate of the metal interface is >80%.

[0048] First, the titanium alloy was pretreated with ultrasonic vibration at 25 °C. The ultrasonic vibration frequency f u It is 200 times the resonance frequency of titanium alloy, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude A = 15μm, the angular frequency ω = 2πf u .

[0049] Then, the titanium alloy was treated by electric shock and magnetic shock in turn. The electromagnetic energy pulse frequency f = 0.3f r , the waveform adopts triangle wave.

[0050] The test showed that the final metal interface healing rate of titanium alloy TC4 was greater than 95%.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] This example uses 304 stainless steel as the experimental material. The elastic modulus of stainless steel is 200 GPa and its density is 8000 kg / m 3 The thermal conductivity is 14.985W / (m*k), the specific heat capacity is 495J / (kg·℃), and the detection shows that the initial healing rate of the metal interface is 75% to 80%.

[0053] First, the stainless steel was pretreated with ultrasonic vibration at 25°C. The ultrasonic vibration frequency f u It is 400 times the resonance frequency of stainless steel, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude A = 20μm, the angular frequency ω = 2πf u .

[0054] Then, the stainless steel is treated by magnetic shock, electric shock and magnetic shock in turn. The electromagnetic energy pulse frequency f = 0.6f r , the waveform adopts square wave.

[0055] The test showed that the final metal interface healing rate of 304 stainless steel was >95%.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the acoustic electromagnetic composite field for metal interface healing, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use ultrasonic vibration to pre-treat the metal, and control the initial stress of the metal by controlling the amplitude, vibration frequency and vibration time of the ultrasonic wave to activate the atomic interaction in the metal's stress-intensive areas and micro-damage defect areas during the component forming and manufacturing process; Step 2, detecting the initial healing rate of the metal interface; Step three, based on the initial healing rate of the metal interface obtained through detection, the metal is treated with different combinations of electromagnetic shock methods in the form of electric shock or magnetic shock, targeted regulation of the activated micro-region damage defects is performed, and the high-energy unstable micro-region atomic movement within the metal interface is driven.

2. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 1, Features: In step three, when the initial healing rate of the metal interface is greater than 80%, the metal is treated with electric shock and magnetic shock in sequence; when the initial healing rate of the metal interface is less than 80%, the metal is treated with magnetic shock, electric shock and magnetic shock in sequence.

3. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 1, Features: When the metal is subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment in step 1, the stress induced into the metal by ultrasonic vibration is σ u =E·A·ω, where E is the metal elastic modulus, A is the ultrasonic amplitude, and ω is the angular frequency; The ultrasonic vibration time is, Among them, f u is the ultrasonic vibration frequency, κ is the thermal conductivity, ρ is the density of the metal material, η u is the ultrasonic vibration adjustment coefficient.

4. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 3, Features: The resonant frequency of metal materials is, Select ultrasonic vibration frequency f u f r 80 to 500 times.

5. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 4, Features: When the metal is subjected to electromagnetic combined impact treatment in step 3, the value of the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency f is f r 10% to 60% of the value.

6. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 5, Features: When the metal is subjected to electromagnetic combined impact treatment in step three, the pulse waveform of the electromagnetic energy output includes a sine wave, a square wave or a triangle wave.

7. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 5, Features: When the metal is subjected to electric shock treatment, the current density is, Among them, α is the current density coefficient, f is the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency, c p is the specific heat capacity of metal materials, S e is the electromagnetic energy loading area, γ and are the current density adjustment coefficient and phase angle, t e The time for electric shock treatment.

8. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 7, Features: The electric shock treatment time is, Where κ is the thermal conductivity of the metal material, ρ e is the electrical conductivity of the metal material, R is the initial healing rate of the metal interface, and C is a constant related to the metal material.

9. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 5, Features: When metal is subjected to magnetic shock treatment, the magnetic field strength is, Where β is the magnetic field intensity coefficient, f is the electromagnetic energy pulse frequency, c p is the specific heat capacity of metal materials, S e is the electromagnetic energy loading area, δ is the attenuation coefficient, η is the magnetic field intensity adjustment coefficient, t m The time for electric shock treatment.

10. The acoustic electromagnetic composite field control method for metal interface healing according to claim 9, Features: The magnetic shock time is, Among them, κ is the thermal conductivity of metal material, ρe is the electrical conductivity of metal material, R is the initial healing rate of metal interface, and C is a constant related to metal material.

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