Universe double-point light source interference experiment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a global double-point light source interference experiment device, and relates to the technical field of optical experiment equipment, the global double-point light source interference experiment device comprises a wedge unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool, the wedge unit is arranged at the center position of the top of the rotating platform, and the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform; the rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is engaged with a rotating gear, the rotating gear is coaxially and fixedly provided with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on the rotating platform and extends to the position above the rotating platform to be connected with an optical fiber, and the output end of the optical fiber is located in the axis extending direction of the first rotating shaft; according to the invention, along with the rotation of the rotating platform, the image presented at the observation tool continuously changes from the annular interference fringes to the linear interference fringes, so that the global change observation of the interference fringes is realized, and the teaching effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optical experimental equipment, and in particular to a global double-point light source interference experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In the teaching of university physics or optics courses, studying the interference phenomenon of two point light sources is an important basis for studying the interference of light; previous double-point light source interference experiments mainly include Young's double-hole interference experiment and Michelson interference experiment. Among them, Young's double-hole interference experiment can only reflect the interference characteristics of two point sources in the direction perpendicular to the connecting line, while Michelson interference experiment mainly reflects the interference characteristics of two point sources in the direction of the extension line of the connecting line.

[0003] In order to use one device to reflect multiple interference characteristics, a double-point light source interference experimental device is proposed. The experimental device uses optical fiber output laser as a point light source, and forms two virtual point light sources after reflection at the tip. It can be used to study similar experiments such as Young's double-hole interference experiment and Michelson interference experiment. However, the experimental device still cannot study the continuous change process from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes in double-point light source interference, and the teaching effect is poor.

[0004] Therefore, people are in urgent need of a full-area dual-point light source interference experimental device that can realize the full-area change observation of interference fringes and has good teaching effects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a global dual-point light source interference experimental device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By utilizing the setting of fixed gears and rotating gears, when the rotating platform drives the wedge unit to rotate, the optical fiber realizes revolution and rotation, thereby completing the change of the angle of the wedge unit and the change of the angle between the optical fiber and the wedge unit. When the rotating platform rotates, the observation tool can be used to obtain the global change of the interference fringes, thereby improving the teaching effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a global dual-point light source interference experimental device, comprising a split tip unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool, wherein the split tip unit is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform, the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform, the rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is meshed with the rotating gear, a first rotating shaft is coaxially fixed on the rotating gear, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform, the first rotating shaft extends to the top of the rotating platform and is connected to the optical fiber, the output end of the optical fiber is located in the extension direction of the axis of the first rotating shaft, the output end of the optical fiber is arranged corresponding to the split tip unit, and the observation tool is located on the light reflection path of the split tip unit.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the base.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both slidably connected to the optical bench.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both provided with a first locking bolt for locking their positions relative to the optical bench.

[0010] Preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the fixed gear, a second rotating shaft is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably provided in the through hole.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical pole is provided on the rotating platform, a laterally arranged pressure rod is rotatably provided on the vertical pole, a second locking bolt for locking its position relative to the vertical pole is provided on the pressure rod, the pressure rod extends to above the splitting unit, and a tightening bolt for tightening the splitting unit is provided at the position of the pressure rod corresponding to the splitting unit.

[0012] Preferably, the splitting unit includes an adjusting device, a tension spring, a first fixed frame, a first glass sheet, a second fixed frame and a second glass sheet, the first glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame, the second glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame, the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other, one end of the tension spring is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame, and the adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet and the first glass sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting device is a micrometer, which is arranged corresponding to the opening sides of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, the fixed sleeve of the micrometer is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame, and the free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer abuts against the first fixed frame.

[0014] Preferably, the observation tool is an observation screen or a camera.

[0015] Preferably, the optical fiber is arranged on a mounting thin plate, a connecting portion is extended from one side of the mounting thin plate, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and the output end of the optical fiber is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly achieves the following technical effects:

[0017] When the observation tool is stationary and the rotating platform rotates, the wedge unit corresponds to the observation tool with different reflection paths, and during the rotation of the rotating platform, the optical fiber will rotate on its own due to the rotation transmitted by the rotating gear while the rotating platform revolves around the axis of the fixed gear. That is, as the wedge unit rotates, the optical fiber corresponds to the wedge unit at different angles. As the rotating platform rotates, the image presented at the observation tool continuously changes from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes, thereby realizing the global change observation of the interference fringes and improving the teaching effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a global double-point light source interference experimental device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a splitting unit in an embodiment of the present invention in which the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are not shown;

[0021] Figure 3 is a top view of a split tip unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the splitting unit and the optical fiber cooperate to rotate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a global double-point light source interference experimental device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Among them, 1. the splitting unit; 2. the rotating platform; 3. the fixed gear; 4. the rotating gear; 5. the optical fiber; 6. the observation tool; 7. the first rotating axis; 8. the base; 9. the first locking bolt; 10. the second rotating axis; 11. the vertical pole; 12. the pressure rod; 13. the second locking bolt; 14. the tightening bolt; 15. the micrometer; 16. the tension spring; 17. the first fixed frame; 18. the second fixed frame; 19. the first glass sheet; 20. the second glass sheet; 21. the mounting plate; 22. the connecting part; 23. the optical stand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a global double-point light source interference experimental device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By utilizing the setting of fixed gears and rotating gears, when the rotating platform drives the wedge unit to rotate, the optical fiber realizes revolution and rotation, thereby completing the change of the angle of the wedge unit and the change of the angle between the optical fiber and the wedge unit. When the rotating platform rotates, the observation tool can be used to obtain the global change of the interference fringes, thereby improving the teaching effect.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, a global dual-point light source interference experimental device is provided, including a splitting unit 1, a rotating platform 2, a fixed gear 3, a rotating gear 4, an optical fiber 5 and an observation tool 6. The splitting unit 1 is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform 2, and a fixed gear 3 is arranged below the rotating platform 2. The fixed gear 3 is fixed in a fixed position, and the rotating platform 2 rotates around the axis of the fixed gear 3. The fixed gear 3 is meshed with a rotating gear 4. A first rotating shaft 7 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the rotating gear 4, and the first rotating shaft 7 is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform 2. In this embodiment, the rotational arrangement is as follows: a bearing is arranged on the rotating platform 2, and the first rotating shaft 7 is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform 2 through the bearing, which not only completes the rotational connection, but also uses the bearing to prevent the first rotating shaft 7 from being unable to stably remain on the rotating platform 2 due to gravity. The first rotating shaft 7 extends to the top of the rotating platform 2 and is connected to the optical fiber 5. The output end of the optical fiber 5 It is located in the axial extension direction of the first rotating axis 7 to ensure that the distance between the output end of the optical fiber 5 and the splitting unit 1 will not change with the rotation. The output end of the optical fiber 5 is set corresponding to the splitting unit 1, and the observation tool 6 is located on the light reflection path of the splitting unit 1; the principle of this device is: when the observation tool 6 is stationary, when the rotating platform 2 rotates, the splitting unit 1 corresponds to the observation tool 6 with different reflection paths, and in the process of rotation of the rotating platform 2, the optical fiber 5 will complete its own rotation due to the rotation transmitted by the rotating gear 4 while the rotating platform 2 revolves around the axis of the fixed gear 3, that is, with the rotation of the splitting unit 1, the optical fiber 5 corresponds to the splitting unit 1 at different angles; with the rotation of the rotating platform 2, the image presented at the observation tool 6 continuously changes from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes, thereby realizing the global change observation of the interference fringes and improving the teaching effect.

[0029] The fixed gear 3 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 8 , and the base 8 provides support and a mounting base surface for the fixed gear 3 .

[0030] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the splitting unit 1 and the observation tool 6, the bottom of the base 8 and the bottom of the observation tool 6 are both slidably connected to the optical bench 23 by means of a slide rail and a slide groove.

[0031] Scale lines are provided on the optical bench 23 along the length direction to facilitate observation of the distance between the wedge unit 1 and the observation tool 6 .

[0032] In order to prevent accidental touch from causing changes in the positions of the splitting unit 1 and the observation tool 6, a first locking bolt 9 for locking their positions relative to the optical base 23 is provided at the bottom of the base 8 and the bottom of the observation tool 6. Specifically: a slide rail is provided on the optical base 23, and a slide groove matching the slide rail is provided at the bottom of the splitting unit 1 and the observation tool 6. The first locking bolt 9 is threadedly connected to the slide groove. By screwing the first locking bolt 9, the end of the first locking bolt 9 is squeezed onto the slide rail, and the position locking is completed by friction.

[0033] In order to ensure the rotational stability of the rotating platform 2, a through hole is set in the middle of the fixed gear 3, and a second rotating shaft 10 is fixedly or rotatably set at the bottom of the rotating platform 2. The second rotating shaft 10 matches the through hole. The second rotating shaft 10 is rotatably set in the through hole, and the fixed gear 3 can limit the second rotating shaft 10 circumferentially.

[0034] On the basis of setting the through hole, a rotation groove can be set in the base 8. The rotation groove corresponds to the through hole. The rotation groove matches the second rotation axis 10. The second rotation axis 10 extends into the rotation groove after passing through the through hole, which can further improve the rotation stability of the rotating platform 2.

[0035] A locking bolt may be provided on the base 8, for locking the position of the second rotating shaft 10 in the rotating groove by extrusion and friction, so as to prevent the rotating platform 2 from rotating when the device is being carried. If the second rotating shaft 10 is fixed on the rotating platform 2, it is necessary to loosen the locking bolt during the experiment to prevent it from affecting the normal rotation of the rotating platform 2.

[0036] A base can also be set at the bottom of the observation tool 6. When the base is set, the base is slidably connected to the optical base 23. A rotating rod is set at the bottom of the observation tool 6. A groove body matching the rotating rod is set on the base. The rotating rod rotates in the groove body. A locking bolt is set on the base to lock the relative position of the rotating rod and the groove body through extrusion and friction. The height and angle of the observation tool 6 can be adjusted by loosening the locking bolt.

[0037] In order to improve the installation stability of the splitting unit 1, a vertical pole 11 is arranged on the rotating platform 2. The vertical pole 11 is in the shape of a round pole. A transversely arranged pressure rod 12 is rotatably arranged on the vertical pole 11. The pressure rod 12 is provided with a second locking bolt 13. The second locking bolt 13 locks its position relative to the vertical pole 11 by extrusion and friction. The pressure rod 12 extends to the top of the splitting unit 1. The pressure rod 12 is provided with a tightening bolt 14 for tightening the splitting unit 1 at the position of the splitting unit 1 corresponding to the splitting unit 1. After adjusting the position of the pressure rod 12, the position of the pressure rod 12 is locked by the second locking bolt 13, and then the tightening bolt 14 is turned so that the end of the tightening bolt 14 abuts against the top of the splitting unit 1 to complete the fixation of the position of the splitting unit 1.

[0038] The splitting unit 1 includes an adjusting device, a tension spring 16, a first fixed frame 17, a first glass sheet 19, a second fixed frame 18 and a second glass sheet 20. The first glass sheet 19 is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame 17, and the second glass sheet 20 is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame 18. The first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other. One end of the tension spring 16 is connected to the first fixed frame 17, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame 18. The adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet 20 and the first glass sheet 19. The tension spring 16 is arranged close to the opening side of the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20. Preferably, the tension spring 16 is arranged between the two fixed frames on both sides of the glass sheet.

[0039] In this embodiment, the adjusting device is a micrometer screw 15, which is arranged corresponding to the opening side of the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20. The fixed sleeve of the micrometer screw 15 is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame 18, and the free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer screw 15 is in contact with the first fixed frame 17. By screwing the micrometer screw 15, the position of the free end of the measuring rod is changed, overcoming the tension of the tension spring 16 to increase the angle between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20, or under the influence of the tension of the tension spring 16, the angle between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 is reduced.

[0040] The observation tool 6 is an observation screen or a camera. The observation screen can directly display the changes in the interference fringes, while the camera needs to record or observe the changes in the interference fringes in real time.

[0041] In this embodiment, the optical fiber 5 is arranged on the mounting plate 21, and a connecting portion 22 is extended from one side of the mounting plate 21. The connecting portion 22 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 7. The output end of the optical fiber 5 is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft 7 to ensure that the light is not blocked by the first rotating shaft 7.

[0042] The first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 are both made of wedge-shaped glass or right-angle prisms.

[0043] During actual use, the air wedge between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 is at an angle of approximately 45° to the optical bench 23, the output end of the optical fiber 5 is roughly perpendicular to the optical bench 23 (at an angle of approximately 45° to the wedge), the light beam is irradiated near the top of the wedge unit 1, the position of the wedge is fine-tuned (still keeping the angle between the wedge unit 1 and the optical bench 23 unchanged) so that the reflected light spot is in the center of the observation tool 6, and then the angle between the wedge unit 1 and the optical bench 23 is fine-tuned until clear annular interference fringes are observed.

[0044] When the rotating platform 2 rotates counterclockwise through an angle of θ, the splitting unit 1 fixed on the rotating platform 2 by the pressure rod 12 also rotates counterclockwise through an angle of θ; because the first rotating shaft 7 rotates on the rotating platform 2 through the bearing, the output end of the optical fiber 5 will revolve around the second rotating shaft 10 and rotate counterclockwise through an angle of θ; and because the rotating gear 4 and the fixed gear 3 are meshed with each other, when the rotating shaft of the optical fiber 5 mounting plate 21 rotates with the platform, the rotating gear 4 on the rotating shaft will mesh and rotate around the circumference of the fixed gear 3, so that the output end of the optical fiber 5 will rotate around the first rotating shaft 7. The rotating shaft 7 rotates counterclockwise by an angle of θ, so the output end of the optical fiber 5 rotates counterclockwise by an angle of 2θ relative to the optical bench 23; during this process, its wedge unit 1 always reflects light to the observation tool 6, and the movement of interference fringes can be observed on the observation tool 6, and the shape of the interference fringes gradually changes from circular interference fringes to arc interference fringes, and the curvature radius of the arc interference fringes becomes larger and larger until the arc interference fringes become straight interference fringes. The whole process shows the global change of the interference fringes of the double-point light sources when the distance remains unchanged.

[0045] By adjusting the screw micrometer 15 to change the thickness of the air wedge tip and thus changing the distance d between the two virtual light sources, it can be observed that the annular interference fringes are swung or the intervals of the linear interference fringes change.

[0046] The experimental principle diagram of this device is shown in Figure 5 As shown, S represents the output end of the optical fiber 5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are incident light rays, 1', 1", 2', 2", 3', 3", 4', and 4" are reflected light rays, θ is the angle between 1' and 1", S1 and S2 represent two virtual light sources formed by the wedge unit 1 reflecting the light emitted by the optical fiber 5, d represents the distance between the point light source S1 and the point light source S2, D1 represents the distance between the point light source S1 and the point light source S2 and the wedge in the wedge unit 14 (i.e., the contact point between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20), and D2 represents the distance from the wedge in the wedge unit 14 to the observation tool 6.

[0047] Adaptive changes made according to actual needs are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0049] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A global double-point light source interference experimental device, characterized in that: It includes a splitting unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool. The splitting unit is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform, the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform, the rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is meshed with the rotating gear, a first rotating shaft is coaxially fixed on the rotating gear, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform, the first rotating shaft extends to the top of the rotating platform and is connected to the optical fiber, the output end of the optical fiber is located in the extension direction of the axis of the first rotating shaft, the output end of the optical fiber is arranged corresponding to the splitting unit, and the observation tool is located on the light reflection path of the splitting unit.

2. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the base.

3. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both slidably connected to the optical bench.

4. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both provided with a first locking bolt for locking their positions relative to the optical bench.

5. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided in the middle of the fixed gear, and a second rotating shaft is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the through hole.

6. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical pole is arranged on the rotating platform, a laterally arranged pressure rod is rotatably arranged on the vertical pole, a second locking bolt for locking its position relative to the vertical pole is arranged on the pressure rod, the pressure rod extends to above the splitting point unit, and a tightening bolt for tightening the splitting point unit is arranged on the pressure rod at a position corresponding to the splitting point unit.

7. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splitting unit includes an adjusting device, a tension spring, a first fixed frame, a first glass sheet, a second fixed frame and a second glass sheet. The first glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame, and the second glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame. The first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other. One end of the tension spring is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame. The adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet and the first glass sheet.

8. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjusting device is a micrometer screw, which is arranged corresponding to the opening sides of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. The fixing sleeve of the micrometer screw is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame, and the free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer screw abuts against the first fixing frame.

9. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation tool is an observation screen or a camera.

10. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber is arranged on a mounting plate, a connecting portion is extended from one side of the mounting plate, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and the output end of the optical fiber is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft.

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