A double-layer microporous optical element and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a double-layer microporous optical element, comprising an outer microporous optical element and an inner microporous optical element; the outer microporous optical element and the inner microporous optical element are both spherical thin slices, and the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element is bonded to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element; the thickness of the outer microporous optical element is greater than that of the inner microporous optical element; the number of micropores in the outer microporous optical element is less than the number of micropores in the inner microporous optical element, and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the outer microporous optical element is greater than the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the inner microporous optical element; the micropores in the outer microporous optical element and the micropores in the inner microporous optical element both point to the same spherical center position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Micropore optics (MPOs) are grazing-incidence X-ray focusing optical elements designed to mimic the lobster eye. They are typically made of a thin spherical sheet of lead glass, with millions of micrometer-scale square holes (i.e., micropores) neatly arranged within. They offer a wide field of view and are lightweight, making them the core component currently used to effectively achieve uniform, wide-field-of-view X-ray focusing in engineering applications.

[0003] The X-ray imaging principle of microporous optical elements requires that all micropores on the element point toward the same center point. Furthermore, considerations for performance indicators such as the effective area of ​​the optical element place restrictions on the thickness of the lens. In practical applications, thin microporous optical elements are easily deformed by external forces, causing the micropores to shift in orientation, which in turn distorts the element's point spread function (PSF), reducing X-ray imaging quality.

[0004] There is still a lack of methods in the prior art to solve the problem of overall deformation of microporous optical elements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to overcome the problem in the prior art that microporous optical elements are easily deformed by external forces, thereby providing a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a double-layer microporous optical element, comprising an outer microporous optical element 1 and an inner microporous optical element 2; the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 are both spherical thin slices, and the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is bonded to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element 2;

[0008] The thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2;

[0009] The number of micropores in the outer microporous optical element 1 is less than the number of micropores in the inner microporous optical element 2, and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the inner microporous optical element 2;

[0010] The micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 both point to the same spherical center position.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the inner wall of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 includes a film for reflecting X-rays; the inner wall of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 includes a film for reflecting X-rays.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 includes a film for shielding light of other wavelength bands except X-rays.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element, which is used to prepare the double-layer microporous optical element. The method comprises:

[0015] A planar first microporous optical element 101 is prepared; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm;

[0016] A planar second microporous optical element 102 is prepared; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 30 μm;

[0017] The first microporous optical element 101 is subjected to spherical thermoforming, and then the inner surface of the thermoformed spherical surface is ground so that the inner surface meets the design curvature requirements, thereby obtaining a spherical thin-sheet outer microporous optical element 1;

[0018] Using the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 as a substrate, the second microporous optical element 102 is spherically thermoformed to obtain an inner microporous optical element 2 that is bonded to the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1;

[0019] Deposition coating is performed on the combination of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 to obtain a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure.

[0020] In the above technical solution, depositing and coating the combination of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 comprises:

[0021] Plating a film for reflecting X-rays on the inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element 1;

[0022] The inner walls of the micropores of the inner-layer micropore optical element 2 are coated with a film for reflecting X-rays.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the deposition coating of the combination of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 further includes:

[0024] The outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is coated with a film for shielding light in other wavelength bands except X-rays.

[0025] The present invention further provides a method for preparing a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure, which is used to prepare the microporous optical element with a double-layer structure, and the method comprises:

[0026] A planar first microporous optical element 101 is prepared; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm;

[0027] A planar second microporous optical element 102 is prepared; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 30 μm;

[0028] Laminating the first microporous optical element 101 and the second microporous optical element 102 together to obtain a first combined body;

[0029] The first combined body is subjected to spherical thermoforming to obtain a second combined body; wherein the second combined body includes an outer microporous optical element 1 and an inner microporous optical element 2, wherein both the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 are spherical thin slices, and the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is attached to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element 2; the outer microporous optical element 1 is obtained by thermoforming the first microporous optical element 101, and the inner microporous optical element 2 is obtained by thermoforming the second microporous optical element 102;

[0030] The second combined body is subjected to deposition coating to obtain a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure.

[0031] In the above technical solution, depositing a film on the second combined body comprises:

[0032] Plating a film for reflecting X-rays on the inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element 1;

[0033] The inner walls of the micropores of the inner-layer micropore optical element 2 are coated with a film for reflecting X-rays.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the step of depositing a film on the second combined body further comprises:

[0035] The outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is coated with a film for shielding light in other wavelength bands except X-rays.

[0036] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0037] The double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention can increase the thickness of the element while ensuring X-ray optical performance such as the effective area, thereby effectively reducing the overall deformation of the microporous optical element, further optimizing the point spread function of the microporous optical element, and improving the angular resolution of X-ray imaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microporous optical element;

[0040] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a first microporous optical element and a second microporous optical element;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the outer microporous optical element;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of another method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Before describing the present invention in detail, a unified description of the relevant concepts involved in the present invention is first given.

[0048] Thickness of a microporous optical element: The distance between the upper and lower surfaces of a microporous optical element. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a microporous optical element. Figure 1 The h in represents the thickness of the microporous optical element.

[0049] Micropore cross-sectional side length: A micropore is a square through-hole with a square cross-section. The micropore cross-sectional side length is the side length of the square cross-section of the micropore. Figure 1 The d in the figure represents the side length of the micropore cross section.

[0050] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention includes an outer microporous optical element 1 and an inner microporous optical element 2 .

[0051] To overcome the drawbacks of existing microporous optical components, which suffer from the thinness and susceptibility of their micropores to deformation, the present invention employs two layers, one inner and one outer. Both layers are spherical, thin sheets, with the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 closely attached to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element 2. This dual-layer structure significantly increases the thickness of a microporous optical element compared to a single-layer structure, effectively minimizing deformation caused by external forces.

[0052] The microporous optical element of the present invention can increase its thickness without affecting its optical performance. Therefore, the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 are both directed to the same spherical center position, thereby ensuring the focusing effect of X-rays.

[0053] Similarly, to ensure the optical performance of the dual-layer microporous optical element of the present invention, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 must be greater than the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2. For example, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, and the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. In one embodiment, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 2 mm, and the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 0.5 mm; in another embodiment, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 1 mm, and the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 0.1 mm; in yet another embodiment, the thickness of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 5 mm, and the thickness of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 2 mm.

[0054] To ensure the optical performance of the dual-layer microporous optical element of the present invention, the side length of the cross-section of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than the side length of the cross-section of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2. Accordingly, the number of micropores in the outer microporous optical element 1 is less than the number of micropores in the inner microporous optical element 2. For example, the side length of the cross-section of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 is greater than or equal to 80 microns and less than or equal to 500 microns; the side length of the cross-section of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 is greater than or equal to 10 microns and less than or equal to 30 microns. In one embodiment, the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 100 microns, and the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 20 microns; in another embodiment, the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 80 microns, and the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 10 microns; in yet another embodiment, the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 is 500 microns, and the side length of the cross section of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 is 30 microns.

[0055] In order to improve the focusing effect of the micropores on X-rays, the inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element 1 includes a film for reflecting X-rays; correspondingly, the inner wall of the micropores of the inner micropore optical element 2 includes a film for reflecting X-rays.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 includes a film for shielding light in wavelengths other than X-rays. This film can block light in wavelengths other than X-rays, preventing interference with X-rays and improving the microporous focusing effect on X-rays.

[0057] The double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention can increase the thickness of the element while ensuring X-ray optical performance such as the effective area, thereby effectively reducing the overall deformation of the microporous optical element, further optimizing the point spread function of the microporous optical element, and improving the angular resolution of X-ray imaging.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure, and the method is used to prepare the microporous optical element with a double-layer structure in the aforementioned embodiment. Figure 4 The flowchart of the method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the preparation method comprises:

[0059] Step 401: Prepare a planar first microporous optical element 101; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the cross-sectional side length of the micropores in the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm.

[0060] The planar first microporous optical element 101 can be prepared using existing technologies. For example, the planar first microporous optical element 101 can be obtained through production processes such as wire drawing, multifilamentation, screen arrangement, screen pressing, slicing, polishing and etching. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first microporous optical element and the second microporous optical element. The prepared first microporous optical element 101 is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0061] The first microporous optical element 101 can be made of common lead glass or other materials such as quartz.

[0062] Step 402: Prepare a planar second microporous optical element 102; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the cross-sectional side length of the micropores in the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 30 μm.

[0063] The preparation of the first planar microporous optical element 101 can also be achieved by using existing technologies such as wire drawing, multi-filament, screen arrangement, screen pressing, slicing, polishing and etching. Figure 5 The second microporous optical element 102 can be made of common lead glass.

[0064] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the first microporous optical element 101 is thicker and has a larger cross-sectional side length of micropores than the second microporous optical element 102. Accordingly, the first microporous optical element 101 contains fewer micropores than the second microporous optical element 102.

[0065] Step 403 : performing spherical thermoforming on the first microporous optical element 101 , and then grinding the inner surface of the thermoformed spherical surface to make the inner surface meet the design curvature requirements, thereby obtaining a spherical thin-sheet outer microporous optical element 1 .

[0066] The first microporous optical element 101 is planar. In this step, the first microporous optical element 101 undergoes a spherical surface thermoforming process, transforming its internal microporous structure from a planar surface into a spherical thin sheet without destroying it. The spherical surface thermoforming process is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Microporous optical components require very high precision, but the spherical thermoforming process often cannot ensure that the inner surface of the spherical surface of the microporous optical component after thermoforming meets the design curvature requirements. Therefore, in this step, the inner surface of the thermoformed spherical surface is also ground according to the design curvature requirements. The result of this grinding process is the outer layer microporous optical component 1. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the outer microporous optical element.

[0068] Step 404 : Using the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 as a substrate, perform spherical thermoforming on the second microporous optical element 102 to obtain the inner microporous optical element 2 that is bonded to the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 .

[0069] The second microporous optical element 102 is planar. In this step, it undergoes spherical thermoforming, transforming its planar shape into a spherical thin sheet without destroying its internal microporous structure. To ensure that the spherical inner surface of the second microporous optical element 102 meets the design curvature requirements after spherical thermoforming, the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 obtained in the previous step is used as a substrate, and the second microporous optical element 102 is further subjected to spherical thermoforming. The result is an inner microporous optical element 2 that is bonded to the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1. The inner microporous optical element 2 and the outer microporous optical element 1 are tightly attached together, forming a combined body.

[0070] Step 405 : depositing and coating the combination of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 to obtain a double-layer microporous optical element.

[0071] In the previous step, the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 are bonded together to obtain a combination of the two. In this step, the combination needs to be deposited and coated to ensure the X-ray focusing effect. The product after deposition and coating is the optical fiber of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The double-layer structure of the microporous optical element is shown.

[0072] In one embodiment, the combination of outer microporous optical element 1 and inner microporous optical element 2 is deposited and coated by coating the inner walls of the micropores of outer microporous optical element 1 with a film that reflects X-rays; similarly, coating the inner walls of the micropores of inner microporous optical element 2 with a film that reflects X-rays. Coating the inner walls of each micropore of the dual-layer microporous optical element with a film that reflects X-rays enhances the focusing effect of X-rays and improves the quality of X-ray imaging.

[0073] In another embodiment, a deposition coating is performed on the combination of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2. In addition to coating the inner walls of each micropore of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 with a film for reflecting X-rays, a film for blocking light of other wavelengths except X-rays is also coated on the outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1.

[0074] The function of the microporous optical element is to focus X-rays, and light in other wavelengths interferes with them. Therefore, in this embodiment, a film is also coated on the outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 to block light in wavelengths other than X-rays. This shields light in other wavelengths, reduces interference with X-rays, and improves X-ray imaging quality.

[0075] The preparation method of the double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention obtains a double-layer microporous optical element by bonding an outer microporous optical element and an inner microporous optical element together. Such microporous optical element can increase the thickness of the element while ensuring X-ray optical performance such as the effective area, thereby effectively reducing the overall deformation of the microporous optical element, further optimizing the point spread function of the microporous optical element, and improving the angular resolution of X-ray imaging.

[0076] The present invention further provides a method for preparing a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure, which is used to prepare the microporous optical element with a double-layer structure in the aforementioned embodiment. Figure 7 A flow chart of another method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the preparation method comprises:

[0077] Step 701: Prepare a planar first microporous optical element 101; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the cross-sectional side length of the micropores in the first microporous optical element 101 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm.

[0078] In the previous embodiment, the process of preparing the planar first microporous optical element 101 has been described, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0079] Step 702: Prepare a planar second microporous optical element 102; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the cross-sectional side length of the micropores in the second microporous optical element 102 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 30 μm.

[0080] In the previous embodiment, the process of preparing the planar second microporous optical element 102 has been described, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0081] Step 703: Lay the first microporous optical element 101 and the second microporous optical element 102 together to obtain a first combined body.

[0082] In this embodiment, before the first microporous optical element 101 and the second microporous optical element 102 are spherically thermoformed, the first microporous optical element 101 and the second microporous optical element 102 are bonded together, and the resulting bonded body is referred to as a first bonded body. The first bonded body is also planar.

[0083] How to bond the first microporous optical element 101 and the second microporous optical element 102 together is common knowledge to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0084] Step 704: Perform spherical thermoforming on the first combined body to obtain a second combined body.

[0085] In this step, the first combined body is subjected to spherical thermoforming, changing its shape from a flat surface to a spherical sheet. The combined body after spherical thermoforming is referred to as the second combined body. The spherical thermoforming process should be carried out according to the pre-set design curvature. The spherical thermoforming process is common knowledge to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0086] The second combination includes an outer microporous optical element 1 and an inner microporous optical element 2, wherein the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is bonded to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element 2; the outer microporous optical element 1 is obtained by thermoforming the first microporous optical element 101, and the inner microporous optical element 2 is obtained by thermoforming the second microporous optical element 102.

[0087] Step 705: Deposition and coating the second combined body to obtain a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure.

[0088] In this step, the second combined body is deposited and coated to ensure the X-ray focusing effect. The product after the deposition and coating is the double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention.

[0089] In one embodiment, the second combined body is deposited and coated by coating the inner walls of the micropores of the outer microporous optical element 1 with a film that reflects X-rays; similarly, the inner walls of the micropores of the inner microporous optical element 2 are coated with a film that reflects X-rays. Coating the inner walls of the micropores of the dual-layer microporous optical element with the film that reflects X-rays enhances the focusing effect of X-rays and improves the quality of X-ray imaging.

[0090] In another embodiment, the second combination is deposited and coated. In addition to coating the inner walls of each micropore of the outer microporous optical element 1 and the inner microporous optical element 2 with a film for reflecting X-rays, the outer surface of the outer microporous optical element 1 is also coated with a film for blocking light of other wavelengths except X-rays, thereby blocking light of other wavelengths, reducing interference with X-rays, and improving X-ray imaging quality.

[0091] The preparation method of the double-layer microporous optical element of the present invention obtains a double-layer microporous optical element by bonding an outer microporous optical element and an inner microporous optical element together. Such microporous optical element can increase the thickness of the element while ensuring X-ray optical performance such as the effective area, thereby effectively reducing the overall deformation of the microporous optical element, further optimizing the point spread function of the microporous optical element, and improving the angular resolution of X-ray imaging.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer microporous optical element, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer microporous optical element (1) and an inner microporous optical element (2); the outer microporous optical element (1) and the inner microporous optical element (2) are both spherical thin slices, and the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) is attached to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element (2); The thickness of the outer microporous optical element (1) is greater than the thickness of the inner microporous optical element (2); The number of micropores in the outer micropore optical element (1) is less than the number of micropores in the inner micropore optical element (2), and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the outer micropore optical element (1) is greater than the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the inner micropore optical element (2); The micropores of the outer micropore optical element (1) and the micropores of the inner micropore optical element (2) both point to the same spherical center position.

2. The double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer microporous optical element (1) is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; the thickness of the inner microporous optical element (2) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

3. The double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element (1) contains a film for reflecting X-rays; the inner wall of the micropores of the inner micropore optical element (2) contains a film for reflecting X-rays.

4. The double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) comprises a film for shielding light of other wavelength bands except X-rays.

5. A method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element, for preparing the double-layer microporous optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Methods include: A planar first microporous optical element (101) is prepared; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element (101) is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the first microporous optical element (101) is greater than or equal to 80 micrometers and less than or equal to 500 micrometers; A planar second microporous optical element (102) is prepared; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element (102) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the second microporous optical element (102) is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers and less than or equal to 30 micrometers; The first microporous optical element (101) is subjected to spherical thermoforming, and then the inner surface of the thermoformed spherical surface is subjected to grinding processing so that the inner surface of the spherical surface meets the design curvature requirements, thereby obtaining a spherical thin-sheet outer microporous optical element (1); Using the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) as a substrate, the second microporous optical element (102) is spherically thermoformed to obtain an inner microporous optical element (2) that is bonded to the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element (1); Deposition coating is performed on the combination of the outer microporous optical element (1) and the inner microporous optical element (2) to obtain a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure.

6. The method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depositing and coating of the combination of the outer microporous optical element (1) and the inner microporous optical element (2) comprises: Plating a film for reflecting X-rays on the inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element (1); The inner wall of the micropores of the inner-layer micropore optical element (2) is plated with a film for reflecting X-rays.

7. The method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depositing and coating of the combination of the outer microporous optical element (1) and the inner microporous optical element (2) further comprises: The outer surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) is coated with a film for shielding light in other wavelength bands except X-rays.

8. A method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element, for preparing the double-layer microporous optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Methods include: A planar first microporous optical element (101) is prepared; wherein the thickness of the first microporous optical element (101) is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the first microporous optical element (101) is greater than or equal to 80 micrometers and less than or equal to 500 micrometers; A planar second microporous optical element (102) is prepared; wherein the thickness of the second microporous optical element (102) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm; and the side length of the cross section of the micropores in the second microporous optical element (102) is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers and less than or equal to 30 micrometers; Laminating the first microporous optical element (101) and the second microporous optical element (102) together to obtain a first combined body; The first combined body is subjected to spherical thermoforming to obtain a second combined body; wherein the second combined body comprises an outer microporous optical element (1) and an inner microporous optical element (2), the outer microporous optical element (1) and the inner microporous optical element (2) are both spherical thin slices, and the inner surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) is attached to the outer surface of the inner microporous optical element (2); the outer microporous optical element (1) is obtained by thermoforming the first microporous optical element (101), and the inner microporous optical element (2) is obtained by thermoforming the second microporous optical element (102); The second combined body is subjected to deposition coating to obtain a microporous optical element with a double-layer structure.

9. The method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 8, characterized in that: The depositing coating on the second combined body comprises: Plating a film for reflecting X-rays on the inner wall of the micropores of the outer micropore optical element (1); The inner wall of the micropores of the inner-layer micropore optical element (2) is plated with a film for reflecting X-rays.

10. The method for preparing a double-layer microporous optical element according to claim 9, characterized in that: The depositing coating on the second combined body further comprises: The outer surface of the outer microporous optical element (1) is coated with a film for shielding light in other wavelength bands except X-rays.

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