Thin-walled part structural mechanics experiment teaching device

Abstract

The invention discloses a thin-wall part structural mechanics experiment teaching device which comprises a supporting table, a force loading system, a thin-wall part fixing seat, an adapter, a tension and compression sensor and a dependent variable acquisition device. When the thin-wall part structural mechanics experiment teaching device is used for carrying out a thin-wall part structural mechanics experiment, a first end of a to-be-tested thin-wall part is reliably fixed on the thin-wall part fixing seat, a second end of the to-be-tested thin-wall part is connected with the adapter, and a lower end of the second connecting piece is connected with an upper connecting end of the tension and compression sensor. And force is input to the force input rod, is amplified by the force amplification part, is output from the force output rod, is transmitted to the lower connecting end of the tension and compression sensor, and is transmitted to the thin-wall part to be detected. The magnitude of the applied force can be obtained through the tension and compression sensor, the dependent variable of the to-be-tested thin-wall part can be obtained through the dependent variable obtaining device, and therefore the mechanical property of the current to-be-tested thin-wall part is obtained. According to the thin-wall part structural mechanics experiment teaching device, thin-wall part structural mechanics experiment research under various conditions can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of structural mechanics teaching experimental devices, and in particular to a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device. Background Art

[0002] Thin-walled structures are widely used in modern engineering structures, such as rockets, airplanes, and bridges, due to their advantages in specific strength, specific stiffness, and economy. Among them, due to the high requirements of aerospace structures for low weight and loadability, thin-walled structures are more widely used, such as rocket tanks, airplane wings, missile bodies, and other key aircraft structures. The course "Aircraft Structural Mechanics" is a key course in aircraft design and engineering, involving the mechanical performance of aircraft structures under different loads. At present, theoretical knowledge occupies the main part of the teaching of some chapters on thin-walled beam structures, while practical operations are relatively insufficient, which may make it difficult for students to understand and apply these theoretical knowledge.

[0003] Among the experimental devices closely related to structural mechanics experiments that have been disclosed so far: the experimental device disclosed in Chinese patent application number: CN201610864479.2 is mainly aimed at the difference between the mechanical characteristics of statically determinate structures and statically indeterminate structures; the experimental device disclosed in Chinese patent application number: CN202022353946.X is mainly aimed at the measurement of micro-deformation of hull plates and shells of ship structures under water pressure; the experimental device disclosed in Chinese patent application number: CN202110638422.1 is mainly aimed at bridge structures, studying their deformation forms under bending loads. Both their structural types and loading conditions are difficult to apply to common aircraft structures; the experimental device disclosed in Chinese patent application number: CN202110268746.0 mainly uses similarity theory to focus on the lightweight design and micro-deformation measurement methods of scaled models of aerospace brackets, involving related technical fields of structural optimization and measurement. The experimental principles and experimental devices are complex, and are not suitable for undergraduate experimental teaching of "Aircraft Structural Mechanics".

[0004] In the process of realizing this application, the inventors found that the prior art has at least the following problems: the prior art lacks teaching devices for the study of thin-walled beam structure mechanics, and students' practical operations are insufficient, which may make it difficult for students to understand and apply these theoretical knowledge.

[0005] Therefore, with the advancement of measurement technology and data analysis technology, designing a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental device that is easy to operate, simple in structure, and highly targeted can help make up for the aforementioned teaching shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device, which can solve the technical problems of the prior art that there are few thin-walled structural mechanics experimental devices and the teaching experimental design is single. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device comprises: a support platform; a force loading system, arranged on the support platform, comprising a force input rod, a force output rod, and a force amplification part; the force amplification part is used to amplify the force input by the force input rod and output it through the force output rod; a thin-walled part fixing seat, arranged on the support platform, and used to fix the first end of the thin-walled part to be measured; an adapter, comprising a connecting part and a bearing plate, the connecting part is used to connect with the second end of the thin-walled part to be measured, the bearing plate is horizontally arranged and has a mounting hole, a first connecting rod is arranged in the mounting hole, and the upper end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bearing plate; a tension and compression sensor, comprising an upper connecting end and a lower connecting end, the upper connecting end is connected to the upper end of the force output rod, and the lower connecting end is connected to the lower end of the first connecting rod; and a strain acquisition device, used to acquire the strain of the thin-walled part to be measured.

[0008] Optionally, the force amplification part includes: a box body, which is arranged on the support platform; a primary lever structure, which is arranged in the box body, including a first support and a first lever, the first support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the first lever is hinged to the first support at a first fulcrum, and the first fulcrum is located between the first end and the second end of the first lever; the first end of the first lever is connected to the output end of the force input rod; a secondary lever structure, which is arranged in the box body, including a second support and a second lever, the second support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, and the first end of the second lever is hinged to the second support at the top of the second support; a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the second end of the first lever, and the other end is hinged to the second end of the second lever; wherein the first lever, the first support, the second lever and the second support are in the same plane; the distance between the first end of the first lever and the first fulcrum is greater than the distance from the second end of the first lever to the first fulcrum; one end of the force output rod is hinged to the second lever at a position between the second fulcrum and the second end of the second lever, and the other end is connected to the lower connecting end of the tension and compression sensor.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a flange nut, the top of the box body has a first through hole 1, and the flange nut is installed in the first through hole; the force input rod is a screw screwed in the flange nut, the lower end of the screw is movably connected to the first end of the first lever, and the upper end of the screw is provided with a handwheel.

[0010] Optionally, the top of the box body has a second through hole; the upper end of the force output rod passes through the second through hole and is connected to the lower connecting end of the tension and compression sensor.

[0011] Optionally, the first end of the first lever has a third through hole, the lower end of the lead screw has a thread, the lower end of the lead screw passes through the third through hole and is connected to a first nut, and the diameter of the third through hole is larger than the diameter of the lower end of the lead screw.

[0012] Optionally, the support platform includes a first support plate and a second support plate, and the second support plate is higher than the first support plate; the force loading system is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the thin-walled component fixing seat is fixedly connected to the second support plate.

[0013] Optionally, the thin-walled part to be tested is a thin-walled cylinder, and the second end of the thin-walled cylinder has a plurality of evenly distributed first connecting holes; the connecting part is a connecting ring, and the connecting ring has a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding one-to-one to the first connecting holes, and the thin-walled cylinder and the connecting ring are fixedly connected by screws.

[0014] Optionally, the connecting ring is inserted into the thin-walled cylinder, or the connecting ring is sleeved outside the thin-walled cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the thin-walled component fixing seat is an L-shaped fixing plate, and the L-shaped fixing plate includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate connected as one body, the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the second supporting plate, and the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the thin-walled component to be measured.

[0016] Optionally, the strain amount acquisition device is a strain gauge or a binocular industrial camera system; the strain gauge is attached to the thin-walled part to be tested, and the binocular industrial camera system is used to acquire image information of the thin-walled part to be tested.

[0017] Optionally, the bearing plate has a plurality of mounting holes.

[0018] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include at least:

[0019] A thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental teaching device comprises: a support table, a force loading system, a thin-walled component fixing seat, an adapter, a tension and compression sensor and a strain acquisition device. When the thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental teaching device is used to conduct a thin-walled component structural mechanics experiment, the first end of the thin-walled component to be tested is reliably fixed on the thin-walled component fixing seat, the second end of the thin-walled component to be tested is connected to the adapter, and the lower end of the second connecting member is connected to the upper connecting end of the tension and compression sensor. The tester inputs force to the force input rod, which is amplified by the force amplification part and then output from the force output rod, transmitted to the lower connecting end of the tension and compression sensor, and then transmitted to the thin-walled component to be tested. The magnitude of the applied force can be obtained through the tension and compression sensor, and the strain of the thin-walled component to be tested can be obtained through the strain acquisition device, thereby obtaining the mechanical properties of the thin-walled component to be tested. The thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental teaching device of the present application can realize the thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental research under various conditions.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device from one perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional front view of a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the force amplification part of the thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adapter of the thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device from another perspective.

[0027] Description of Reference Numerals

[0028] 1-support table; 11-first support plate; 12-second support plate; 2-force loading system; 21-force input rod; 22-force output rod; 23-box; 231-first through hole; 232-second through hole; 24-primary lever structure; 241-first support; 242-first lever; 25-secondary lever structure; 251-second support; 252-second lever; 26-second connecting rod; 27-first nut; 3-thin-walled part fixing seat; 31-horizontal plate; 32-vertical plate; 33-rib plate; 4-adapter; 41-connecting part; 42-bearing plate; 43-mounting hole; 44-first connecting rod; 5-tension and compression sensor; 51-upper connecting end; 52-lower connecting end; 6-flange nut; 7-handwheel; 9-thin-walled part to be measured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0030] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the "upper" and "lower" of the corresponding parts in the use state relative to the direction of gravity, and "inside" and "outside" refer to the "inside" and "outside" relative to the corresponding parts' own contours. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present disclosure are to distinguish one element from another and do not have order and importance. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same figure numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0031] Thin-walled structures are widely used in modern engineering structures, such as rockets, aircraft, and bridges, due to their advantages in specific strength, specific stiffness, and economy. Among them, due to the high requirements of aerospace structures for low weight and loading capacity, thin-walled structures are more widely used, such as rocket tanks, aircraft wings, missile bodies, and other key structures of aircraft.

[0032] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device is provided, comprising: a support platform 1, a force loading system 2, a thin-walled component fixing seat 3, an adapter 4, a tension and compression sensor 5, and a strain acquisition device. Among them, the force loading system 2 is arranged on the support platform 1, and comprises a force input rod 21, a force output rod 22, and a force amplification part; the force amplification part is used to amplify the force input by the force input rod 21, and output it through the force output rod 22. The force amplification part can be a multi-stage lever mechanism, or a multi-stage gear amplification mechanism.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the thin-walled component fixing seat 3 is arranged on the support platform 1, and is used to fix the first end of the thin-walled component 9 to be tested. Generally, the thin-walled component 9 to be tested needs to be reliably connected to the thin-walled component fixing seat 3, and the thin-walled component 9 to be tested can be reliably connected to the thin-walled component fixing seat 3 by welding, or can be fixed on the thin-walled component fixing seat 3 by screws or the like.

[0034] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the adapter 4 includes a connecting portion 41 and a bearing plate 42. The connecting portion 41 is used to connect with the second end of the thin-walled part 9 to be measured. The bearing plate 42 is horizontally arranged and has a mounting hole 43. A first connecting rod 44 is arranged in the mounting hole 43. The upper end of the first connecting rod 44 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 42. The shape of the connecting portion 41 depends on the shape of the thin-walled part 9 to be measured. For example, if the shape of the thin-walled part 9 to be measured is a cylinder, the shape of the connecting portion 41 can be a cylinder. The connecting portion 41 can be reliably connected to the first end of the thin-walled part 9 to be measured by welding and threading. The bearing plate 42 is used to connect the first connecting rod 44 and the connecting portion 41, and is used to transmit the force exerted on the first connecting rod 44 to the connecting portion 41, and then transmit the force to the thin-walled part 9 to be measured.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the tension and compression sensor 5 includes an upper connecting end 51 and a lower connecting end 52, the upper connecting end 51 is connected to the upper end of the force output rod 22, and the lower connecting end 52 is connected to the lower end of the first connecting rod 44. Here, the tension and compression sensor 5 can be an S-shaped tension and compression sensor, which is a commonly used sensor in sensors. It is mainly used to measure the pressure and tension between solids. Because it looks like an S shape, it is usually called an S-shaped tension and compression sensor. In this embodiment, the tension and compression sensor 5 can be electrically connected to a digital display, and the digital display can display the load on the tension and compression sensor 5.

[0036] The strain amount acquisition device is used to acquire the strain amount of the thin-walled component 9 to be measured.

[0037] In the above embodiment, when conducting a thin-walled component structural mechanics experiment, the first end of the thin-walled component 9 to be tested is reliably fixed on the thin-walled component fixing seat 3, the second end of the thin-walled component 9 to be tested is connected to the adapter 4, and the lower end of the first connecting rod 44 is connected to the upper connecting end 51 of the tension and compression sensor 5. The tester inputs force to the force input rod 21, which is amplified by the force amplification part and then output from the force output rod 22, transmitted to the lower connecting end 52 of the tension and compression sensor 5, and then transmitted to the thin-walled component 9 to be tested. The magnitude of the applied force can be obtained by the tension and compression sensor 5, and the strain of the thin-walled component 9 to be tested can be obtained by the strain acquisition device, so as to obtain the mechanical properties of the thin-walled component 9 to be tested. The thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental teaching device of the present application can realize the thin-walled component structural mechanics experimental research under various conditions.

[0038] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 2 As shown, the force amplification part may include: a box body 23 , a primary lever structure 24 , a secondary lever structure 25 and a second connecting rod 26 .

[0039] The box body 23 is arranged on the support platform 1. The primary lever structure 24 is arranged in the box body 23, and includes a first support 241 and a first lever 242. The first support 241 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 23. The first lever 242 is hinged to the first support 241 at a first fulcrum, and the first fulcrum is located between the first end and the second end of the first lever 242. The first end of the first lever 242 is connected to the output end of the force input rod 21.

[0040] The secondary lever structure 25 is disposed in the box body 23 , and includes a second support 251 and a second lever 252 . The second support 251 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 23 , and the first end of the second lever 252 is hinged to the second support 251 at the top of the second support 251 .

[0041] One end of the second connecting rod 26 is hinged to the second end of the first lever 242 , and the other end of the second connecting rod 26 is hinged to the second end of the second lever 252 .

[0042] The first lever 242, the first support 241, the second lever 252 and the second support 251 are in the same plane; this ensures that the force can be reliably transmitted to the secondary lever structure 25 via the primary lever structure 24. The distance between the first end of the first lever 242 and the first fulcrum is greater than the distance between the second end of the first lever 242 and the first fulcrum; in this case, the first lever 242 is a force-saving lever.

[0043] One end of the force output rod 22 is hinged to the second lever 252 at a position between the second fulcrum and the second end of the second lever 252, and the other end is connected to the lower connecting end 52 of the tension and compression sensor 5. In this case, the second lever 252 structure is also a labor-saving lever. Through the primary lever structure 24 and the secondary lever structure 25, the force can be amplified by a large multiple. Specifically, the hand wheel 7 is rotated to move the lead screw upward, and the second end of the first lever 242 moves downward, driving the second end of the second lever 252 to move downward, thereby achieving a downward pulling force on the thin-walled part 9 to be measured. Similarly, the hand wheel 7 is rotated to move the lead screw downward, and the second end of the first lever 242 moves upward, driving the second end of the second lever 252 to move upward, thereby achieving an upward pressure on the thin-walled part 9 to be measured.

[0044] It should be noted that this embodiment is illustrative in the form of a lever structure in the force amplification part. In other embodiments, the force amplification part can also be a multi-stage gear amplification mechanism. For example, the input can be a high-speed rotational force, which is converted into a low-speed rotational force after multi-stage gear speed reduction and torque increase, and then converted into a linear force through a corresponding mechanism and transmitted to the lower connection end 52 of the tension and compression sensor 5.

[0045] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device can also include a flange nut 6, a first through hole 231 is provided on the top of the box body 23, and the flange nut 6 is installed in the first through hole 231; the force input rod 21 is a lead screw screwed in the flange nut 6, the lower end of the lead screw is movably connected to the first end of the first lever 242, and the upper end of the lead screw is provided with a hand wheel 7. In this case, the experimenter can drive the lead screw to rotate by turning the hand wheel 7 by hand, and the flange nut 6 is fixedly connected to the box body, and the rotational motion can be converted into linear motion through the lead screw nut mechanism.

[0046] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 3 As shown, the top of the box body has a second through hole 232 ; the upper end of the force output rod 22 passes through the second through hole 232 and is connected to the lower connecting end 52 of the tension and compression sensor 5 .

[0047] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 3 As shown, the first end of the first lever 242 has a third through hole, the lower end of the lead screw has a thread, the lower end of the lead screw passes through the third through hole and is connected to the first nut 27, and the diameter of the third through hole is larger than the diameter of the lower end of the lead screw. In this case, the lead screw can only apply a pulling force to the first end of the first lever 242. Specifically, the hand wheel 7 is rotated to make the lead screw move upward, and the second end of the first lever 242 moves downward, driving the second end of the second lever 252 to move downward, thereby achieving a downward pulling force on the thin-walled part 9 to be tested. In other embodiments, two first nuts 27 located on both sides of the third through hole can be provided at the lower end of the lead screw, so that the lead screw can apply a pulling force or a pressure to the thin-walled part 9 to be tested, thereby enriching the function of the thin-walled part structural mechanics experimental teaching device.

[0048] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 5As shown, the support platform 1 may include a first support plate 11 and a second support plate 12, and the second support plate 12 is higher than the first support plate 11; the force loading system 2 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 11, and the thin-walled member fixing seat 3 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 12. In this way, there is a height difference between the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, which can facilitate the arrangement of the force loading system 2. Among them, the support platform 1 can be built with square steel and aluminum profiles as a support for the experimental teaching device. The first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 can also be built with square tubes and aluminum profiles.

[0049] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the thin-walled part 9 to be tested is a thin-walled cylinder, and the second end of the thin-walled cylinder has a plurality of evenly distributed first connection holes; the connecting portion 41 is a connecting ring, and the connecting ring has a plurality of second connection holes corresponding to the first connection holes one by one, and the thin-walled cylinder and the connecting ring are fixedly connected by screws. Specifically, the connecting ring can be inserted into the thin-walled cylinder, or the connecting ring can be sleeved outside the thin-walled cylinder.

[0050] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 5 As shown, the thin-walled component fixing seat 3 is an L-shaped fixing plate, which includes a horizontal plate 31 and a vertical plate 32 connected as one body, and a rib plate 33 is provided between the horizontal plate 31 and the vertical plate 32. The horizontal plate 31 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 12, and the thin-walled component 9 to be tested is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 32. In this case, the thin-walled component fixing seat 3 can be reliably fixed to the second support plate 12, and a connecting rib plate 33 can be added between the horizontal plate 31 and the vertical plate 32 to enhance the support rigidity.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present application, the strain amount acquisition device is a strain gauge or a binocular industrial camera system (not shown in the figure). The strain gauge is attached to the thin-walled part 9 to be tested, and the binocular industrial camera system is used to obtain image information of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested. Optionally, when the tested item is a compression or tension test of the thin-walled part, the strain gauge can be attached to the intersection of the vertical plane passing through the central axis of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested and the outer surface of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested. The three-dimensional digital image correlation method can also be used to measure the strain under the current load, and its experimental system can include a binocular industrial camera system, a calibration system, and a digital image data processing system. The strain amount of the thin-walled part is obtained by comparing the photos of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested before and after the experiment.

[0052] According to the embodiments of the present application, reference Figure 4As shown, the bearing plate 42 has a plurality of mounting holes 43, and the plurality of mounting holes 43 are arranged along the length direction of the bearing plate 42. Different positions of the mounting holes 43 represent different load conditions, and the farther the mounting holes 43 are from the central axis of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested, the greater the torsional load is. It can be seen that the thin-walled part structural mechanics experimental teaching device of the present application can also perform a torsional experiment of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested.

[0053] It should be noted that the thin-walled part 9 to be tested by the thin-walled part structural mechanics experimental teaching device of the present application can be in the form of a circular tube thin-wall structure, an open cross-section circular tube thin-wall structure or a reinforced thin-wall structure, etc., and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0054] According to the embodiment of the present application, the experimental process of the thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device is as follows:

[0055] Step 1: Select a thin-walled component 9 to be tested, and assemble the thin-walled component 9 to be tested with the thin-walled component fixing seat 3.

[0056] Step 2: Determine the load form, remove the first connecting rod 44 installed on the upper end of the S-shaped tension and compression sensor 5, move the force loading system 2 to the corresponding position, and connect the first connecting rod 44 to the bearing plate 42 of the adapter 4 through a self-locking nut.

[0057] Step 3: Determine the maximum loading load and loading interval, turn on the power of the digital display, adjust the digital display to zero, connect the strain gauge and the static strain gauge, and determine the bridge circuit mode according to the experimental conditions and experimental requirements to complete the experimental preparation work.

[0058] Step 4: Turn the hand wheel 7 to apply load to the thin-walled part 9 to be tested according to the set loading method, use the digital display to determine the current load size, and record the strain at the measuring point of the thin-walled part 9 to be tested at each loading node, thereby obtaining the load-strain curve and completing the experimental measurement.

[0059] If it is necessary to measure the thin-walled component 9 with different cross-sectional shapes and closed chamber shapes, the first connecting member 44 needs to be reconnected to repeat the above steps 1 to 4.

[0060] The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device has the following advantages:

[0061] 1. The force loading system amplifies the load through the screw nut mechanism and the secondary lever structure, and has the characteristics of simple loading method and labor-saving loading process.

[0062] 2. It can realize the precise vertical loading of thin-walled parts under different load sizes and different load action positions.

[0063] 3. It can realize the structural internal force test of thin-walled structures under various mechanical loads.

[0064] 4. The experimental objects are highly targeted, the loading principle is simple and easy to understand, and the experimental content is closely integrated with the theoretical teaching content, which facilitates experimental teaching.

[0065] 5. Low cost, simple processing method, and easy to carry out mass production.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0067] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0068] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device, characterized in that: include: Support platform (1); A force loading system (2) is arranged on the support platform (1), comprising a force input rod (21), a force output rod (22), and a force amplification unit; the force amplification unit is used to amplify the force input by the force input rod (21) and output the force through the force output rod (22); A thin-walled component fixing seat (3), arranged on the support platform (1), and used for fixing a first end of the thin-walled component (9) to be measured; The adapter (4) comprises a connecting portion (41) and a bearing plate (42), wherein the connecting portion (41) is used to be connected to the second end of the thin-walled member (9) to be measured, and the bearing plate (42) is arranged horizontally and has a mounting hole (43), wherein a first connecting rod (44) is arranged in the mounting hole (43), and the upper end of the first connecting rod (44) is fixedly connected to the bearing plate (42); A tension and compression sensor (5) comprises an upper connecting end (51) and a lower connecting end (52), wherein the upper connecting end (51) is connected to the upper end of the force output rod (22), and the lower connecting end (52) is connected to the lower end of the first connecting rod (44); and a strain acquisition device for acquiring the strain of the thin-walled part (9) to be measured.

2. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force amplification part comprises: A box body (23) is arranged on the support platform (1); A primary lever structure (24) is arranged in the box body (23), comprising a first support (241) and a first lever (242), wherein the first support (241) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body (23), the first lever (242) and the first support (241) are hinged at a first fulcrum, and the first fulcrum is located between a first end and a second end of the first lever (242); the first end of the first lever (242) is connected to the output end of the force input rod (21); A secondary lever structure (25) is arranged in the box body (23), comprising a second support (251) and a second lever (252), wherein the second support (251) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body (23), and the first end of the second lever (252) is hinged to the second support (251) at the top of the second support (251); A second connecting rod (26), one end of the second connecting rod (26) being hinged to the second end of the first lever (242), and the other end of the second connecting rod (26) being hinged to the second end of the second lever (252); Wherein, the first lever (242), the first support (241), the second lever (252) and the second support (251) are located in the same plane; The distance between the first end of the first lever (242) and the first fulcrum is greater than the distance between the second end of the first lever (242) and the first fulcrum; One end of the force output rod (22) is hinged to the second lever (252) at a position between the second fulcrum and the second end of the second lever (252), and the other end is connected to the lower connecting end (52) of the tension and compression sensor (5).

3. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device also includes a flange nut (6), the top of the box body (23) is provided with a first through hole (231), and the flange nut (6) is installed in the first through hole (231); the force input rod (21) is a screw screwed in the flange nut (6), the lower end of the screw screw is movably connected to the first end of the first lever (242), and the upper end of the screw screw is provided with a hand wheel (7).

4. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The top of the box body (23) is provided with a second through hole (232); the upper end of the force output rod (22) passes through the second through hole (232) and is connected to the lower connecting end (52) of the tension and compression sensor (5); The first end of the first lever (242) has a third through hole, the lower end of the lead screw has a thread, the lower end of the lead screw passes through the third through hole and is connected to a first nut (27), and the diameter of the third through hole is greater than the diameter of the lower end of the lead screw.

5. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support platform (1) comprises a first support plate (11) and a second support plate (12), wherein the second support plate (12) is higher than the first support plate (11); the force loading system (2) is fixedly connected to the first support plate (11), and the thin-walled component fixing seat (3) is fixedly connected to the second support plate (12).

6. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thin-walled part (9) to be tested is a thin-walled cylinder, and the second end of the thin-walled cylinder has a plurality of evenly distributed first connecting holes; The connecting portion (41) is a connecting ring having a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding one to one to the first connecting holes, and the thin-walled cylinder and the connecting ring are fixedly connected by screws.

7. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The connecting ring is inserted into the thin-walled cylinder, or the connecting ring is sleeved outside the thin-walled cylinder.

8. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thin-walled component fixing seat (3) is an L-shaped fixing plate, and the L-shaped fixing plate comprises a horizontal plate (31) and a vertical plate (32) connected as one body, the horizontal plate (31) is fixedly connected to the second supporting plate (12), and the thin-walled component (9) to be measured is fixedly connected to the vertical plate (32).

9. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strain quantity acquisition device is a strain gauge or a binocular industrial camera system; the strain gauge is attached to the thin-walled part (9) to be tested, and the binocular industrial camera system is used to acquire image information of the thin-walled part (9) to be tested.

10. The thin-walled structural mechanics experimental teaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing plate (42) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (43), and the plurality of mounting holes (43) are arranged along the length direction of the bearing plate (42).

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