Grape cultivation method for northwest arid and semi-arid regions

Abstract

The invention provides a grape cultivation method for northwest arid and semi-arid regions, and relates to the field of grape cultivation. S1, erecting double rows of upright posts along planting rows in a vineyard, and planting grapes between the double rows of upright posts; s3, two side vines are selected and reserved at the position, about 30 cm away from the ground, of each grape tree, then the side vines are bound to the first iron wire left and right, meanwhile, two side vines are selected and reserved at the positions, close to the first iron wire, of the two side vines, and the side vines are bound to the left side and the right side of the first iron wire respectively. S4, controlling the length of four side vines selected and reserved on the first iron wire of each grape vine to be about 50cm. S5, horizontally binding the four selected and reserved side vines of the first iron wire to the iron wire. S6, vertically binding young sprouts grown on the lateral vines of the first iron wires every year to the second iron wires and the third iron wires respectively. According to the cultivation method, the H shape of the hedge frame is used, compared with a traditional grape trellis, more leaf curtains exist, so that the illumination area is increased, and meanwhile shaping and pest and disease management are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grape cultivation, in particular to a grape cultivation method used in arid and semi-arid areas in northwest China. Background Art

[0002] Grape cultivation involves monitoring pests and diseases, fertilization, irrigation, canopy management, monitoring fruit development and whether it has wine characteristics, deciding when to harvest, winter pruning, etc. In addition, winemakers are often closely involved in the grape cultivation process, because the characteristics of the wine made from the harvested grapes are inseparable from the management process of the vineyard.

[0003] The traditional grape rack type cannot guarantee the light area. At the same time, the traditional rack type will cause high temperature inside the grape rack. The inhibition of fruit growth and coloring caused by high temperature is eliminated, and the accumulation of flavor substances such as organic acids and anthocyanins increases, which also slows down the ripening process of grape fruits and solves the problem of excessive sugar accumulation.

[0004] Therefore, we made improvements and proposed a grape cultivation method for the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grape cultivation method for arid and semi-arid areas in northwest China, so as to solve the problem that the illumination area of ​​traditional grape racks cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, the traditional racks will cause high temperature inside the grape racks, and the inhibition of fruit growth and coloring caused by high temperature will be eliminated, and the accumulation of flavor substances such as organic acids and anthocyanins will increase, which will also slow down the ripening process of grape fruits and the problem of excessive sugar accumulation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grape cultivation method for arid and semi-arid areas in Northwest China, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Posts are set up along the rows of the vineyard, with each post being 8m apart from each other and 1m apart from each other. A first wire is set up 50cm above the ground between the two posts; a second wire is set up 90cm above the ground, and a third wire is set up 130cm above the ground. The first, second and third wires are set up in parallel, and the diameters of the wires gradually become thinner from bottom to top.

[0009] S2. Plant the grape vines in the planting row. When the main vine of each grape vine grows to 30 cm, divide it into two side vines. The two side vines extend to the first wire at the lower layer on both sides and then separate into two side vines. The side vines are extended horizontally forward to the left and right to form horizontal vines until they meet the side vines horizontally tied to the first wire of the next grape vine. The horizontal vines are all tied to the first wire.

[0010] S3. Select a fruiting mother branch group every 10 to 15 cm on the horizontal vines. Leave two fruiting branches at the base of each fruiting mother branch group near the main vine. Perform double-branch renewal pruning every winter.

[0011] S4, shaping method "H" type, the first wire is 50cm from the ground, and then a wire is added every 40cm, a total of three wires, the column is 160cm above the ground and 80cm underground. The two columns are 8m apart in front and back, and 1m apart in the left and right. The grapes are planted between the left and right columns, with a plant spacing of 1m and a row spacing of 2m. The leaf curtain is all hedge-shaped, and the side vines tied horizontally on the wire are left with a fruiting branch group every 10-15cm, and a side vine has 4-5 fruiting branches;

[0012] S5. Leave 10 leaves above the ear for pinching, leave one leaf on all summer buds on the new shoots and completely remove the bud eyes close to the petiole of the remaining leaves for pinching;

[0013] S6. Carry out fertilization, irrigation and pest and disease control according to the growth of grapes.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, in step S2, the row spacing of grapes is 2m and the plant spacing is 1m.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, in step S4, the new shoots are vertically tied to the iron wires on both sides, and the new shoots are cut and topped when they grow to 10 to 15 cm above the third iron wire.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This cultivation method uses the "H" type of trellis. Compared with the traditional grape trellis, it has more leaf curtains, thereby increasing the light area, and is convenient for shaping and managing pests and diseases. The ventilation and light are good, and the fruit maturity is consistent. At the same time, the number of fruiting branches is increased, which is conducive to heat dissipation, reduces the impact of high temperature on grapes, and promotes the growth of young fruits. The present invention can improve the microenvironment around the fruit and improve the quality of the fruit: a shade space with a large enough space, which is relatively closed but not completely enclosed, is formed around it, which effectively reduces the surface radiation under the leaf curtain and prevents the entry of hot air outside the leaf curtain to a certain extent. Ultimately, it can not only ensure a certain light intensity, but also effectively reduce the temperature around the fruit. The inhibition of fruit growth and coloring caused by high temperature is eliminated, and the accumulation of flavor substances such as organic acids and anthocyanins increases, which also slows down the ripening process of grape fruits, and alleviates the problem of excessive sugar accumulation.

[0018] The method provided by the present invention is highly adaptable and widely used. It is designed for the climatic characteristics of the dry and hot areas in the northwest, has strong adaptability, and can be widely used in the cultivation of wine grapes and table grapes in the region. In summary, the present invention not only optimizes the cultivation mode of wine grapes, improves management efficiency, saves time and labor, and saves labor, but also significantly improves the yield and quality of wine grapes, improves the quality of wine, and brings substantial improvements and breakthroughs to the wine industry in the dry and hot areas of the northwest, and has wide practicality and promotion value. The application of this cultivation model will promote the sustainable development of my country's wine industry, bring higher economic benefits to farmers, and also provide useful reference and reference for fruit tree cultivation in other arid areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the grape rack used for greenhouse grape cultivation methods in the arid northwest region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides a technical solution: a grape cultivation method for arid and semi-arid areas in northwest China, comprising the following steps:

[0023] A grape cultivation method for arid and semi-arid areas in Northwest China, comprising the following steps:

[0024] A grape cultivation method for use in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Posts are set up along the rows of the vineyard, with each post being 8m apart from each other and 1m apart from each other. A first wire is set up 50cm above the ground between the two posts; a second wire is set up 90cm above the ground, and a third wire is set up 130cm above the ground. The first, second and third wires are set up in parallel, and the diameters of the wires gradually become thinner from bottom to top.

[0026] S2, planting grape vines in planting rows, with a row spacing of 2m and a plant spacing of 1m. When the main vine of each grape vine grows to 30cm, it is divided into two side vines, and the two side vines extend to the first wire located at the lower layer on both sides and then continue to separate into two side vines, and the side vines are extended horizontally forward to the left and right to form horizontal vines until they are connected with the side vines horizontally tied to the first wire of the next grape vine, and the horizontal vines are all tied to the first wire;

[0027] S3. Select a fruiting mother branch group every 10 to 15 cm on the horizontal vines. Leave two fruiting branches at the base of each fruiting mother branch group near the main vine. Perform double-branch renewal pruning every winter.

[0028] S4, shaping method is "H" type, the first wire is 50cm from the ground, and then a wire is added every 40cm, a total of three wires, the column is 160cm above the ground and 80cm underground. The two columns are 8m apart from each other, and 1m apart from left to right. The grapes are planted between the left and right columns, with a plant spacing of 1m and a row spacing of 2m. The leaf curtain is all hedge-shaped, and the side vines tied horizontally on the wire leave a fruiting branch group every 10-15cm, and a side vine leaves 4-5 fruiting branch groups. The new shoots are vertically tied to the wires on both sides, and the new shoots are cut and topped when they grow 10-15cm above the third wire;

[0029] S5. Leave 10 leaves above the ear for pinching, leave one leaf on all summer buds on the new shoots and completely remove the bud eyes close to the petiole of the remaining leaves for pinching;

[0030] S6. Carry out fertilization, irrigation and pest and disease control according to the growth of grapes.

[0031] This cultivation method uses the "H" type of trellis. Compared with the traditional grape trellis, it has more leaf curtains, thereby increasing the light area, and is convenient for shaping and managing pests and diseases. The ventilation and light are good, and the fruit maturity is consistent. At the same time, the number of fruiting branches is increased, which is conducive to heat dissipation, reduces the impact of high temperature on grapes, and promotes the growth of young fruits. The present invention can improve the microenvironment around the fruit and improve the quality of the fruit: a shade space with a large enough space, which is relatively closed but not completely enclosed, is formed around it, which effectively reduces the surface radiation under the leaf curtain and prevents the entry of hot air outside the leaf curtain to a certain extent. Ultimately, it can not only ensure a certain light intensity, but also effectively reduce the temperature around the fruit. The inhibition of fruit growth and coloring caused by high temperature is eliminated, and the accumulation of flavor substances such as organic acids and anthocyanins increases, which also slows down the ripening process of grape fruits, and alleviates the problem of excessive sugar accumulation.

[0032] The method provided by the present invention is highly adaptable and widely used. It is designed for the climatic characteristics of the dry and hot areas in the northwest, has strong adaptability, and can be widely used in the cultivation of wine grapes and table grapes in the region. In summary, the present invention not only optimizes the cultivation mode of wine grapes, improves management efficiency, saves time and labor, and saves labor, but also significantly improves the yield and quality of wine grapes, improves the quality of wine, and brings substantial improvements and breakthroughs to the wine industry in the dry and hot areas of the northwest, and has wide practicality and promotion value. The application of this cultivation model will promote the sustainable development of my country's wine industry, bring higher economic benefits to farmers, and also provide useful reference and reference for fruit tree cultivation in other arid areas.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention; and all technical solutions and improvements thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grape cultivation method for use in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Posts are set up along the rows of the vineyard, with each post being 8m apart from each other and 1m apart from each other. A first wire is set up 50cm above the ground between the two posts; a second wire is set up 90cm above the ground, and a third wire is set up 130cm above the ground. The first, second and third wires are set up in parallel, and the diameters of the wires gradually become thinner from bottom to top. S2. Plant the grape vines in the planting row. When the main vine of each grape vine grows to 30 cm, divide it into two side vines. The two side vines extend to the first wire at the lower layer on both sides and then separate into two side vines. The side vines are extended horizontally forward to the left and right to form horizontal vines until they meet the side vines horizontally tied to the first wire of the next grape vine. The horizontal vines are all tied to the first wire. S3. Select a fruiting mother branch group every 10 to 15 cm on the horizontal vines. Leave two fruiting branches at the base of each fruiting mother branch group near the main vine. Perform double-branch renewal pruning every winter. S4, shaping method "H" type, the first wire is 50cm from the ground, and then a wire is added every 40cm, a total of three wires, the column is 160cm above the ground and 80cm underground, the two columns are 8m apart in front and back, and 1m apart in left and right, the grapes are planted between the left and right columns, with a plant spacing of 1m and a row spacing of 2m, the leaf curtain is all hedge-shaped, the side vines tied horizontally on the wire are left with one fruiting branch group every 10-15cm, and one side vine has 4-5 fruiting branches; S5. Leave 10 leaves above the ear for pinching, leave one leaf on all summer buds on the new shoots and completely remove the bud eyes close to the petiole of the remaining leaves for pinching; S6. Carry out fertilization, irrigation and pest and disease control according to the growth of grapes.

2. A grape cultivation method for use in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the row spacing of grapes is 2m and the plant spacing is 1m.

3. The grape cultivation method for use in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the new shoots are vertically tied to the iron wires on both sides, and the new shoots are cut and topped when they grow to 10 to 15 cm above the third iron wire.

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