226 results about "Viticulture" patented technology

The invention provides a method for managing grape culture, which mainly comprises five parts, namely nursery arrangement, water control fertilization, trimming and pruning, pergola erection and bag covering protection. The method can ensure that soil night soil and light energy can be utilized furthest, the use of protective covering bags can shorten the production period, protect insects and diseases, contribute to the ripeness of grapes, improve the color brightness and the sweetness so as to enable plants to have frondent branches and leaves and bloom growth and effectively improve the yield and the quality of grapes. The grapes manufactured by using the method have large and full fruits, bright colors, no dehiscent fruits, and transportation endurance; simultaneously, compared with the grape fruits manufactured by the conventional culture method, the acidity, the sugar content, the vitamin C content and other indexes of the grape fruits are greatly improved, and the manufacture is safe without chemical pesticide residues, so the grape fruits can achieve the standard of green foods.

The invention discloses a trellis viticulture method suitable for an alpine region. When a vineyard is built in a viny region, 'Y'-shaped double trellises 180cm in height are built, three cross rods with the lengths of 20cm, 50cm and 100cm respectively from bottom to top are arranged at positions 60cm, 100cm and 180cm of each vertical column respectively, bracing lines are designed at two ends of each cross rod and jointly form leaf curtains of the 'Y'-shaped double trellises with lower bracing lines, grades are all led to the trellises in a way that single trunks are led to the trellises in 30-degree inclination along the row directions, double main vines extend to the front plant along the row direction to meet the front plant at a position 60cm of each bracing line, and a young sprout on each main vine is led to be bound to one side of the corresponding main vine perpendicularly along the row direction. Owing to the trellis viticulture method suitable for the alpine region, yield can be precisely controlled, mechanical management is facilitated, convenience in getting grapes on and off the trellis is achieved, overwintering and cold resistance are facilitated, and the method is extensive in practicability.

The invention discloses a horizontal contiguous trellis viticulture method suitable for an alpine region. When a vineyard is built in the alpine region, a grape trellis is designed to be a horizontal contiguous trellis with the height of 180cm, the first plant of grapes in each row is led to the trellis vertically while other plants of grapes are led to the trellis in a way that single trunks are led to the trellis in 30-degree inclination along the row direction, double main vines extend to the front plant along the row direction on the trellis surface, and a young sprout on each main vine is led to be bound to one side of the corresponding main vine perpendicularly along the row direction. Owing to the horizontal contiguous trellis viticulture method suitable for the alpine region, yield can be precisely controlled, fruit quality is improved, uniformity o fructescence is achieved, vain growth of branches is prevented, convenience and orderliness in branch leading are achieved, unified management is facilitated, working efficiency in getting grapes on and off the trellis is improved, overwintering and cold resistance are facilitated, and the method is extensive in practicability.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating grapes yielding twice per year. The method specifically includes the steps of trimming short branches in the first ten days and the middle ten days of January, and covering a greenhouse to raise the temperature half a month after trimming; spraying a 2% hydrogen cyanamide solution for accelerating germination after the temperature per day in the greenhouse reaches 10 DEG C; cultivating the grapes instead in a rain-shielding mode in the middle ten days of May; dressing a magnesium and potassium mixed fertilizer on the first batch of fruits once in the expansion period, wherein the first batch of fruits ripen in July and August; conducting secondary trimming half a month after the first batch of fruits are harvested, reserving four to six buds at the base part of each mother branch, and dispersing and removing leaves; smearing two buds at the top end of each branch with a 2% hydrogen cyanamide solution for accelerating germination after trimming; applying an organic fertilizer once before the second batch of fruits sprout, wherein the amount of the consumed organic fertilizer accounts for one third the total amount of consumed fertilizers in the whole year; dressing a magnesium and potassium mixed fertilizer on the second batch of fruits once in the expansion period, covering the greenhouse for preserving the heat in the last ten days of October and the first ten days of November, wherein the second batch of fruits ripen before and after the New Year Day. By means of the method, the yield of the grapes is effectively increased by about 30% to 50%, quality is improved, the supply period of fresh grapes is adjusted, and economic benefits of grape plantation in regions in the south of Yangtze River are remarkably improved.

The invention provides a method for performing high position grafting on grapes by using multiresistant rootstocks, which solves the problems that graft unions are easy to fracture, scion parts are easy to take root, the graft unions and trunk (vine) parts near the ground are susceptible to pest infection, and the like according to a special soil-buried and cold-resistant cultivation mode of grape culture in the northern areas of China. The method comprises the following steps of: a, selecting the varieties of the rootstocks; b, cultivating the rootstocks, namely, in the first year, selecting annual high-quality seedlings of the multiresistant rootstocks to perform field planting and performing winter pruning by reserving 50 to 60-cm rootstocks according to the growth condition of the rootstocks in autumn, so that the rootstocks grow to become the rootstocks on which greenwood graft can be performed in May and June in the second year; c, selecting the varieties of scions; d, collecting the scions, namely collecting semi-lignified young shoots or side shoots to serve as the scions; e, performing high position grafting, namely, selecting the rootstocks with the thickness matched with that of the scions, cutting off the rootstocks in 70 to 90-cm distance away from the ground surface, splitting the rootstocks downwards from the middle parts of fracture surfaces to form cuts, and inserting the cut scions into the cuts to perform grafting operation; and f, performing management after the graft operation. The method is suitable for table grape varieties and also suitable for wine grape varieties.

A mechanized agriculture management apparatus includes a chassis supporting a first manually independently operable boom and a second manually independently operable boom. The booms extend from either side of the chassis and support interchangeable accessories. The accessories may be dedicated to perform various growth control operations such as shoot thinning, fruit thinning, vertical impacting, lateral impacting, hedging, trunk cleaning, shoot positioning, deleafing, pruning and/or wire lifting, as well as other operations and are interchangeable so that one mechanized apparatus may be utilized for the various operations.

The invention discloses a high-vertical-rack grape cultivation method, which comprises the following steps that after young shoots grow out of a grape seedling, a robust shoot is selected, guided and tied on a vertical bar and is used as a trunk to cultivate, and when the trunk grows to an extent exceeding a bearing line, the top end of the trunk is removed and pinched; side shoots below pinchingpositions are selected as a main vine to cultivate along the direction of the bearing line and are tied on the bearing line; medium and short shoot branch groups are cultivated on the two sides of the main vine in a staggered way, buds on the branch groups are cultivated as bearing branches or foliage branches, the foliage branches and preparatory branches are not specially cultivated, all bearing branches and foliage branches on the branch groups are not artificially tied and bearing branches which bear fruits in the same year are used as permanent bearing branches to cultivate; and when theyoung shoots of the medium and short shoot branch groups are semi-lignified, the young shoots are kept to grow horizontally or obliquely downwards through artificial shoot twisting. Compared with theexisting grape cultivation rack cultivation method, the high-vertical-rack grape cultivation method has the advantages that more labor and line materials are saved, the mechanical pruning is facilitated, the growth vigor is naturally alleviated, the development of branches is good, the quality of fruits is high, the high yield and the stable yield are facilitated and the popularization and the implementation are facilitated.

The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method of pollution-free grapes. The method mainly includes: planting ditch treating, seedling collecting and treating, cutting, building racks, shaping, water and fertilizer managing, cluster managing and the like. The method has the advantages that rare earth and biological organic fertilizer is creatively used to supply fertilizer for grape growth, the features that the rare earth can promote fertilizer nutrition absorption of crops, promote photosynthesis of crops, improve fruit quality, enhance drought resistance, cold resistance and disease and pest resistance of crops, promote crop root growth, biomass, quality and stress resistance, and the like are fully utilized in combination with the features that the organic fertilizer is convenient to manufacture, low in cost, capable of improving soil quality, free of pollution, and the like, zero chemical fertilizers and pesticides during the whole grape cultivating process are achieved, and pesticide residue is avoided; by comprehensive scientific management of the whole process, fruit setting rate is increased greatly, fruit size increasing is achieved, fruit crack is reduced, fruit quality is increased, and good social and economical benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to a grape planting method, in particular to ice grape culture overwintering technology. Methods of the ice grape culture overwintering technology include: covering between lines and soil covering cold-proof method after harvest; and multiple vane replacing and soil covering cold-proof method. By adopting management technology to guarantee that a fruiting main vane, a preparing main vane and a cultivating main vane are maintained on a frame surface all the time, namely multiple vane circulation replacement. Thus, stable ice grape output can be guaranteed no matter how winter climate changes, the problem between ice grape production and tree overwintering is solved, persistence of the ice grape production is guaranteed, ice grapes with high quality can be produced, and production capacity of large-scale ice grape planting can be achieved.

A method for culturing grape vine by limiting the growth of its root includes such steps as ridging in a field, digging drain canals at both side of each ridge, applying organic fertilizer onto the surface of each ridge, mixing it with soil to become nutritive soil layer, planting the seedlings of grape vine in it in shallow planting mode, growing new root, covering an organic fertilizer layer, covering a layer of straw or stalk, and laying the water tube in it for drip irrigation. Its advantages are short culture period and high quality of grape.

The invention discloses a red grape planting method. The method includes that ditches are digged before planting, seedlings are transplanted on two sides of each ditch, straw is laid around the seedlings, enough water is irrigated at the root of each the seedling, and pig manure and calcium superphosphate are applied in the ditches; when the heights of the seedlings exceed 0.5m and the outdoor temperature is smaller than 10 DEG C, a greenhouse needs to be set up, the greenhouse is covered by straw curtains in the daytime, ventilation windows are opened at night, and a low-temperature and dark environment can promote dormancy; 25-40 days later, germination accelerating measures are taken, mulching films are covered on the ground, and greenhouse temperature-increasing leavening agent is placed in the greenhouse to stimulate germination; from germination to flowering, ventilation should be maintained in the greenhouse, pesticide should be sprayed 2-3 times each week, and in a flowering phase, several side branches without flowering are trimmed. When the heights of the seedlings exceed 0.5m and the outdoor temperature is smaller than 10 DEG C, temperature is low, and the seedlings need dormancy, so that the greenhouse is covered by the straw curtains in the daytime and the ventilation windows are opened at night to build the low-temperature and dark environment; in the process of germination accelerating, after the greenhouse temperature-increasing leavening agent is added, air temperature and ground temperature are increased, so that flowering and fruiting in advance can be realized and picking time can be brought forward by 30 and more days.

The invention provides a viticulture method without needing frame building. The technical problems that labor intensity for frame building is large, investment at an earlier stage is high and the pruning quantity is large in the prior art are solved. The viticulture method comprises garden building, fixed planting, pruning, manure and water management, flower and fruit management and pest and disease control. The viticulture method is low in investment at the earlier stage, enables the labor intensity to be remarkably reduced, and enables field management to be convenient. Compared with ordinary traditional planting modes, the pruning amount is reduced by 45-55%, the workload is reduced by 30%, and the investment at the earlier stage is low. Simultaneously, the convention that grapes must be cultured by building a frame is broken through, and unexpected effects are achieved.

The invention discloses a high-yield viticulture method. The high-yield viticulture method includes plowing a plurality of planting furrows in to-be-planted cultivated land, wherein planting areas are arranged among the planting furrows; applying fertilizer in the planting regions to form nutrient soil mixed layers; planting grape seedlings on the nutrient soil mixed layers; fully watering after planting, overlaying crop stalks and straw around the grape seedlings; firstly applying sprouting fertilizer 10-15 days before blooming, secondly applying fruit strengthening fertilizer at first intumescence stages of young fruits, and thirdly applying 20-30 kilograms of compound fertilizer and potassium sulfate per mu 3-5 days after falling of blossoms; organizing flower spikes and removing auxiliary spikes, and spraying urea and superphosphate onto surfaces of grape leaves for 3-5 days of each week; sleeving paper bags outside the fruit clusters during growth of grapes, wherein air holes are formed in bag bodies. The planting furrows are formed in the to-be-planted cultivated land, so that irrigation water can be arranged reasonably; the crop stalks and the straw are covered around the grape seedlings, so that soil temperature can be maintained and nutrition can be increased; the paper bags are sleeved outside the fruit clusters, so that worms and birds are prevented from eating the grapes and yield is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a grape culture method, belonging to the technical field of grape culture. A culture frame comprises stand columns fixed on the ground and arranged in a rectangular shape, a trunk line is erected transversely on the stand columns with the distance 170cm-190cm away from the ground, a sub-trunk line positioned below the trunk line is erected longitudinally at two sides of the stand columns, branch lines are longitudinally connected on the trunk line; the culture of climbing guide vines comprises the steps of planting grape plants between two adjacent longitudinal stand columns, cultivating two main vines on the trunks of the grape plants, respectively pulling and binding the two main vines to the sub-trunk lines at two sides; cultivating two sub-vines on the main vines and enabling the sub-vines to climb and grow along a direction opposite to the sub-trunk lines, and binding the sub-vines on the sub-trunk lines; cultivating tip branches in a staggered way at two sides of the sub-vines, and respectively pulling and binding the tip branches to the sub-trunk lines at the two sides. Compared with the prior art, the grape culture method can be used for enabling ears to obtain best nutrient supply; the manner of wide lines and sparse plants saves the usage of frames, the ventilation and the transmittance are good, and the fruit coloring, the increase of sugar content and the improvement of fruit quality are faciliated; the gape culture method is favorable for mechanical operation and is high in working efficiency.

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree and bonsai cultivation, in particular to a technical approach of combining field cultivation with potted grapes. The technical approach aims at combining field-cultivated grapes with potted grapes to obtain a combined cultivation mode, edible fresh fruits can be harvested, and the grape bonsai is obtained. The technical scheme is that according to different production purposes and the characteristics that grape branches sprout and take roots easily, and are easy to cultivate and good in tenacity, sprouted braches at the root of field-cultivated grapes are cultivated into a main branch, vine guide branches and replacing branches which are guided to different growth environments of a single trellis frame and a flowerpot, and therefore, organic combination of field-cultivated grapes and potted grapes is achieved. The technical approach has the remarkable advantages that field-cultivated grapes and potted grapes are combined, the form is reasonable, grapes grow in an orderly mode, growth vigor of field-cultivated grapes and growth vigor of potted grapes are balanced, fundamental nutrition is provided, separation is performed through branch cutting off, and continuous production is achieved. In addition, the technical approach plays a positive role in increasing income of fruit farmers, developing sightseeing agriculture and dissolving homogeneous competition risks. A cultivation mode with two applications and strong innovation is achieved.

A programmable viticulture management system includes a mechanized device for removing excess undesired portions of plants advances through a vineyard to perform control operations on two rows or half-rows of grape vines simultaneously. Accessories mount to the mechanized device and include various engagement members for engaging the vines. A control system automatically varies the velocity of the engagement members in relation to the vehicle speed. The control system also receives various inputs and provides information on multiple growth control practices.

The invention relates to a facility grape flowering branch grafting method, which is characterized in that: 1) storing annual branches and tendrils, serving as breeding branches, of high-quality table grape varieties growing in open field soundly in an environment at -5 to 5 DEG C; and 2), grafting the tender single-bud breeding braches stored in the last year onto stocks, which are annual braches of grape vine growing for more than 2 years, in a semi-hardwood period by using a technique of grafting tender braches on hard branches and by cleft graft. In the invention, under a condition of facility cultivation of grapes, the problem that some varieties cannot deliver high yield continuously in the facility grape cultivation is solved by grape flower bud grafting. Thus, the grape vines can fruit in the year the grafted grape vines are grafted, the economic benefit of the facility grapes is increased, and the situation that the cultivated grape vines fruit in next year and are cut in the third year due to low yield in facility grape cultivation is changed.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating courtyard grapes, and relates to the field of technologies for planting crops. The method is characterized by comprising steps of variety selection, reasonable planting, pruning, nutrient and water management and pest control. The method has the advantages that the courtyard grapes can be effectively planted via the steps, and the quality of the courtyard grapes can be improved; the method is simple, steps are clear, and a cultivating effect is excellent.

The invention aims to solve a technical problem of providing a cultivation technique by which the land can be effectively saved and the grape quality can be managed and ensured more precisely and rapidly. For solving the problem, the invention provides a grape cultivation arrangement, which comprises a planting arrangement, a tree form arrangement and a leaf curtain arrangement, wherein the planting arrangement is implemented by arranging grapes in a mode of alternately distributing large and small rows, the line spacing between small lines is controlled to 40-60cm, and the line spacing between large lines is controlled to 250-300cm. In the invention, the grape cultivation arrangement is implemented by organically integrating the tree form arrangement, the leaf curtain arrangement and theoverall cultivation arrangement of plates in a grape yard, thus, a good synergistic effect is achieved, and a formed cultivation arrangement can greatly improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the grape leaf curtain; the quality consistency and the stability of the annual output can be kept better; the raising of fruiting parts can be inhibited effectively; the degrees of normalization and standardization are high; and the grape cultivation arrangement is suitable to be applied to the cultivation of vinifera, especially suitable to be applied to the cultivation in sloping fields of a mountainous area, and the grape cultivation arrangement is also convenient for being opened to be a sightseeing grape yard.

The invention provides a grape cultivating method enabling grapes to be mature for six times. According to the method, the grapes are cultivated in a greenhouse, early-maturing grape varieties strong in capacity of bearing fruit for many times are selected, the integrated management technology with the steps of sprouting, pruning and applying fertilizer is used, accelerating germination during different periods can be carried out, harvest is carried out during the different periods, and grape production all the year round is achieved. The grape cultivating method solves the problems that sprouting is irregular, yield is low and fruit quality is poor in the existing grape cultivating technology enabling the grapes to be mature for many times in one year. The grape cultivating method is simple in cultivating process, saves time and labor, and is wide in adaptive range. Moreover, the mature periods of the grapes and the fruit bearing amount during each period can be adjusted according to the market price. When the price is low, less fruit is born, and much fruit is born during the fruit slack season. More than 6500 kilos of the grapes on average are yielded per mu each year, the grapes can be supplied all the year round, and high economic benefits are obtained.

The invention discloses a greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method. The cultivating is performed in a vegetable greenhouse, and seven measures, such as new seedling dense planting, fertilizer and water management, trimming management of fruiting mother vines, trimming management of fruiting vines, management of grape ears, later-stage management of a grape garden, and management after fruit ear harvesting, are taken. The greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method has the advantages that the single-stem and fewer-main vein grape sparse planting mode in the traditional shed frame, fence frame and T-shaped fence frame or the existing greenhouse is replaced into the greenhouse vegetable type high-density planting mode, so the grape stereo structure is simplified, the grape is cultivated in a vegetable greenhouse cultivating way, a single-branch fruiting structure mode is formed, the space structure is sufficiently utilized, the problem of unbalance growth of grape is solved, the yield contradiction between the number of grape plants and the group is solved, and a new cultivating mode with stable and high yield and annual yield exceeding ten thousand kilograms per mu is realized.

The invention discloses a high-yield planting technique for grapes. Before the grape seedlings are planted in the present invention, the soil and grape roots are treated differently: the soil is first covered with straw, and then sprinkled with bactericidal ingredients such as quicklime, paulownia sawdust, castor leaf powder, and distiller’s grains, and then covered with strong light after deep plowing. Irradiation can effectively kill harmful bacteria in the soil and provide a good environment for the growth of grapes. At the same time, the straw has a certain heat preservation effect and prevents the roots of the grapes from frostbite in winter; The mud made of calcium, urea, attapulgite, polyacrylamide, bamboo vinegar, sea mud, etc., is then covered with a layer of plant ash. The mud contains slow-release fertilizers and water-retaining properties, which can effectively reduce the cost of topdressing and watering frequency, reduce the cost of grape planting; after planting, apply straw powder and vermiculite to the roots, which can improve the soil, prevent the loss of the mud coated on the roots of the grapes, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers; the present invention uses safe and environmentally friendly biological control methods to prevent and control diseases and insect pests , Pests and diseases are greatly reduced, safe and pollution-free.

The invention discloses a facility cultivation method for grapes. The purpose is to solve the problems that in an existing cultivation technology for the grapes, the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer is low, and the ventilation of rhizosphere soil is poor. The facility cultivation method for the grapes includes the steps that 1, a cultivation shed/greenhouse is prepared; 2, in seedling field planting, seedling field planting is suitable for being carried out at the spring, robust seedlings are selected for field planting, the height of the seedlings is larger than or equal to 50 cm, the thickness of the seedlings is larger than or equal to 0.6 cm, the number of plump buds is larger than or equal to four, the row spacing is set to be 0.8 m, and the line spacing is set to be 1.5 m; 3, in construction of an irrigation system, a heat pivot of the irrigation system is installed, and then a drop irrigation system is constructed inside the cultivation shed and connected with the head pivot of the irrigation system; 4, water and fertilizer management is performed; 5, in temperature management, the temperature at daytime inside the cultivation shed/greenhouse is 23-28 DEG C, and the temperature at night inside the cultivation shed/greenhouse is 15-20 DEG C, wherein during frosting, the surface layer of soil can be covered with a layer of straw or straw matting, and the thickness of the straw or the straw matting is 5 cm; 6, shaping and trimming are performed; 7, diseases and insect pests are prevented and treated; 8, corn straw matrixes are supplied.

The invention discloses a labor-saving method for cultivating high-quality grapes, which includes steps: firstly, cultivating moderately vigorous branches, properly reserving buds for reserved vegetative branches mainly and fruited branches supplementarily during winter branch trimming for traditional normally cultivated grapes, reserving more than 6 buds for each coarse branch, reserving more than 4 buds for each thin branch, reserving long branches at vacancy of a shed frame, and trimming the vigorous shoot of a first bud on which grows 5cm long to reserve after-grown buds; secondly, snapping off crowded or overlapped coarse spring shoots which grow 30cm long in the morning of a sunny day; and thirdly, using 1000 times of water to dilute Brexil combi for foliar spray during a period from the time when the newly grown grape shoot grows about 7-8 leaves to the time of blossoming, spraying at intervals of 7-15days, and continuously spraying for 4-6 times each time of spraying. The labor-saving method for cultivating high-quality grape has the advantages that labor is saved, artificial mechanical wounds and nutrition loss are avoided for branches and clusters, fruit cracking is avoided, ripe fruits have even colors and the like.