Electron beam additive manufacturing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electron beam additive manufacturing device, comprising: a first track, arranged on the bottom surface of a forming chamber; a mobile chassis, on which a third Z-axis lifting system for lifting and lowering a forming cylinder and a second track are arranged, and the second track can be connected to the first track; a mobile bracket; the forming cylinder, the powder cylinder and the powder replenishing box are all arranged on the mobile bracket, and the powder replenishing box is located above the powder cylinder; a scraper system, the scraper system is arranged on the mobile bracket; a vacuum door plate, which is vertically arranged on one side of the mobile bracket, and the vacuum door plate is adapted to the side opening of the forming chamber; the power system of the scraper system is arranged outside the vacuum door plate. The power system of the scraper system of the present invention is arranged outside the forming chamber, and the substrate installation and leveling and powder spreading work can be realized outside the forming chamber. The upper space is not limited by the forming chamber, which is convenient for loading and unloading operations and scraper system maintenance work, and at the same time, the synchronous movement of the double-sided drive system of the large-span scraper is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to an electron beam additive manufacturing device. Background Art

[0002] Electron beam selective melting forming technology is a powder bed additive manufacturing technology that uses electron beam as the energy source. It has the advantages of high energy utilization, no reflection, fast scanning speed and vacuum pollution-free. It is particularly suitable for the direct forming of refractory metals and has broad application prospects in aerospace, biomedicine, automobiles, molds and other fields.

[0003] Before the electron beam selective melting forming process begins, the printing equipment needs to be pre-loaded with raw material powder, substrate, heat shield and other components for printing. After the substrate is placed in the equipment, it is also necessary to use a scraper to spread the powder to level the substrate to ensure that the thickness of the powder is uniform when printing the initial layer. As the printing size increases, the weight of the raw material powder increases from tens of kilograms to hundreds of kilograms or even more than 1 ton. It is time-consuming and laborious to load or disassemble the recycled powder by manpower, and the powder cylinder is difficult to install inside the equipment and inconvenient to operate. The substrate will also increase accordingly as the printing size increases, and the weight will increase from a few kilograms to tens of kilograms or even hundreds of kilograms. It is impossible to install and transport it by manpower and it is inconvenient to operate it inside the equipment. The interior of the equipment is in a vacuum, high temperature and dusty environment during the printing process, and it is difficult to install an automated mechanism. The use of auxiliary devices such as stackers and transporters outside the equipment not only occupies the equipment operation station, but also has high costs and inconvenient operation. At present, after the equipment is printed as a whole, special auxiliary equipment or additional mechanisms are required to transport the printed parts and powder from the inside of the equipment to the outside of the equipment for subsequent process operations, which is costly, complex to operate and has poor stability. How to achieve the quick and convenient installation of powder raw materials, substrates and other components before printing in large-scale electron beam selective melting forming equipment, and the safe and convenient removal of printed parts, substrates and remaining powder after printing, is an urgent problem to be solved in the design and development of large-scale equipment.

[0004] In addition, the locking devices and coupling devices that are widely used in the field of laser additive manufacturing require the installation of air and oil circuits in the forming chamber. In the high vacuum, high temperature and dust environment of electron beam additive manufacturing, air and oil leakage are prone to occur, posing a safety hazard and are not suitable for electron beam additive manufacturing equipment.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve one or more problems existing in the above-mentioned related technical solutions.

[0006] It should be noted that this section is intended to provide background or context for the technical solutions of the present invention stated in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section. Summary of the invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide an electron beam additive manufacturing device, thereby solving one or more problems caused by limitations and defects of the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0008] The present invention provides an electron beam additive manufacturing device, the electron beam additive manufacturing device comprising: a forming chamber capable of placing a forming cylinder and a powder cylinder, a first Z-axis lifting system and a second Z-axis lifting system arranged below the forming chamber, wherein the first Z-axis lifting system and the second Z-axis lifting system are respectively used to lift the forming cylinder and the powder cylinder, and a side of the forming chamber is open. The electron beam additive manufacturing device also includes:

[0009] a first track, the first track being arranged on the bottom surface of the forming chamber;

[0010] A mobile chassis, on which a second track and a third Z-axis lifting system for lifting the forming cylinder are provided, and the second track can be connected to the first track;

[0011] A mobile bracket, wherein the mobile bracket is arranged on the mobile base frame, and a plurality of rollers are arranged at the bottom of the mobile bracket, and the plurality of rollers can move horizontally along the second track and the first track;

[0012] A forming cylinder, a powder cylinder and a powder replenishing box, wherein the forming cylinder, the powder cylinder and the powder replenishing box are all arranged on the movable bracket, and the powder replenishing box is located above the powder cylinder;

[0013] A scraper system, wherein the scraper system is arranged on the movable bracket, and the scraper system comprises: a transmission system and a power system, wherein the transmission system is driven to move by the power system;

[0014] A vacuum door plate is vertically arranged on one side of the movable bracket, and the vacuum door plate is adapted to the side opening of the forming chamber; the power system of the scraper system is arranged on the outer side of the vacuum door plate, and the power system is connected to the transmission system through a sealed through hole arranged on the vacuum door plate.

[0015] In the present invention, the first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system and the third Z-axis lifting system are all detachably connected to the forming cylinder or the powder cylinder through a detachable coupling device; the first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system and the third Z-axis lifting system all include a lifting support plate, and the detachable coupling device includes:

[0016] A locking ring, the locking ring being fixedly arranged at the bottom of the forming cylinder or the powder cylinder;

[0017] A locking block, wherein the locking block is arranged on the lifting support plate through a bearing, and the locking block and the locking ring are detachably connected;

[0018] A spline shaft, wherein the spline shaft is adapted to the locking block, and the spline shaft is arranged on the first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system or the third Z-axis lifting system and is arranged below the lifting support plate; the spline shaft is rotationally driven by being connected to a rotary cylinder.

[0019] In the present invention, a plurality of radially arranged locking rods are provided inside the locking ring, and the locking block is provided with L-shaped locking grooves which correspond to and match the locking rods one by one. The locking ring and the locking block are connected and separated by utilizing the insertion position of the locking rods in the locking grooves.

[0020] In the present invention, the spline shaft and the vacuum rotary shaft seal are fixedly connected, and the vacuum rotary shaft seal is connected to the rotary cylinder via a transmission belt.

[0021] In the present invention, the locking groove comprises a vertical groove of a vertical section and a horizontal groove of a horizontal section, an upper surface of the horizontal groove is provided with an inclined groove, and the shape of the locking rod has a portion adapted to the inclined groove.

[0022] In the present invention, the transmission system includes: two chain driven wheels, two guide rails and a scraper assembly, the power system includes: two chain driving wheels, a transmission shaft and a power motor, and the scraper assembly includes two moving sliders and a scraper arranged between the two moving sliders and fixedly connected to the moving sliders;

[0023] The power motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the two chain driving wheels, the chain driving wheels and the chain driven wheels are connected through a transmission chain, the transmission chain is fixedly connected to the movable slider, and the movable slider is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0024] In the present invention, the powder replenishing box is provided with a plurality of groups of openable and closable powder leakage ports for replenishing powder to the powder cylinder.

[0025] In the present invention, a heat insulation cover is provided above the forming cylinder.

[0026] In the present invention, the forming cylinder, powder cylinder, powder replenishing box, scraper system and vacuum door panel are integrated.

[0027] In the present invention, a powder collecting bucket is provided below the powder cylinder for recovering the powder in the powder cylinder.

[0028] The technical solution provided by the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention utilizes a Z-axis lifting system to lift the forming cylinder and the powder cylinder. The transmission system and power system of the scraper system are arranged outside the forming room. The substrate can be installed and the substrate can be leveled and powdered outside the forming room, and the upper space is not restricted by the forming chamber when the substrate is installed; the power system of the scraper system is arranged outside the vacuum door panel, that is, the power system is arranged outside the forming room, so the substrate can be installed and the powder can be leveled outside the forming room, and the upper space is not restricted by the forming chamber, which is convenient for loading and unloading operations and maintenance of the scraper system, and at the same time, the synchronous movement of the large-span scraper double-sided drive system is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of an electron beam additive manufacturing device in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a forming cylinder and a powder cylinder after entering a forming chamber in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of a detachable coupling device in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between a locking ring and a locking block in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a locking block in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a scraper system in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 10. Forming chamber; 20. Forming cylinder; 30. Powder cylinder; 40. Powder replenishing box; 51. First Z-axis lifting system; 52. Second Z-axis lifting system; 53. Third Z-axis lifting system; 54. Lifting pallet; 60. Rotating cylinder; 70. Vacuum rotary shaft seal; 80. Transmission belt; 90. Heat shield;

[0039] 100, first track; 200, mobile chassis; 300, second track; 400, mobile bracket;

[0040] 500, scraper system; 501, transmission system; 5011, chain driven wheel; 5012, guide rail; 5013, scraper assembly; 50131, moving slider; 50132, scraper; 5014, transmission chain; 502, power system; 5021, chain driving wheel; 5022, transmission shaft; 5023, power motor;

[0041] 600, vacuum door panel;

[0042] 700, detachable coupling device; 701, locking ring; 7011, locking rod; 702, locking block; 7021, locking groove; 70211, vertical groove; 70212, horizontal groove; 703, spline shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be more comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0044] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of embodiments of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated descriptions will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities.

[0045] In this example embodiment, an electron beam additive manufacturing device is first provided. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electron beam additive manufacturing device includes: a forming chamber 10, a first Z-axis lifting system 51 and a second Z-axis lifting system 52 arranged below the forming chamber 10, wherein the first Z-axis lifting system 51 and the second Z-axis lifting system 52 are respectively used to lift the forming cylinder 20 and the powder cylinder 30. The forming chamber 10 has an opening on one side for the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 to enter and exit from the forming chamber 10.

[0046] It should be emphasized that the electron beam additive manufacturing device also includes: a first track 100, a movable base frame 200, a movable bracket 400, a forming cylinder 20, a powder cylinder 30, a powder replenishing box 40, a scraper system 500 and a vacuum door panel 600.

[0047] Specifically, the first track 100 is disposed on the inner bottom surface of the forming chamber 10 , and can be specifically disposed on both sides of the inner bottom surface of the forming chamber 10 , and are disposed parallel to each other.

[0048] The movable chassis 200 is provided with a second rail 300 and a third Z-axis lifting system 53 for lifting and lowering the forming cylinder 20 . The second rail 300 can be connected to the first rail 100 .

[0049] The movable bracket 400 is disposed on the movable base frame 200 . A plurality of rollers are disposed at the bottom of the movable bracket 400 . The plurality of rollers can move horizontally along the second track 300 and the first track 100 .

[0050] The forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 are all arranged on the mobile bracket 400. The powder replenishing box 40 is located above the powder cylinder 30, and a plurality of groups of openable powder leakage ports are provided at the bottom of the powder replenishing box 40 for replenishing the powder cylinder 30 with powder.

[0051] The scraper system 500 is disposed on the movable bracket 400 . The scraper system 500 includes a transmission system 501 and a power system 502 . The transmission system 501 is driven to move by the power system 502 .

[0052] The vacuum door plate 600 is vertically arranged on one side of the movable bracket 400, and the vacuum door plate 600 is adapted to the side opening of the forming chamber 10. When the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 are moved into the forming chamber 10 along with the movable bracket 400, the vacuum door plate 600 provides sealing conditions for the vacuum environment of the forming chamber 10.

[0053] It should be noted that the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 is arranged on the outside of the vacuum door plate 600, and the power system 502 is connected to the transmission system 501 through a sealed through hole arranged on the vacuum door plate 600. In addition, by arranging the power system 502 on the outside of the vacuum door plate 600, it is possible to avoid the oil circuit of the power system 502 being exposed in the forming chamber 10, avoid oil leakage caused by the high vacuum, high temperature and dust environment of the forming chamber 10, and eliminate the potential safety hazards to the electron beam additive manufacturing device.

[0054] The use process of the electron beam additive manufacturing device in this application:

[0055] The forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 are arranged on the mobile base frame 200 through a mobile bracket 400. Figure 1Before printing, the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 are all on the mobile chassis 200 and outside the forming room 10. At this time, the space above the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 is not limited by the forming room 10, and the powder replenishing box 40 can be lifted to the ground by the workshop crane for powder addition, and then lifted to the top of the powder cylinder 30 to add powder to the powder cylinder 30.

[0056] Then, with the help of the factory crane and hook, the substrate is lifted above the forming cylinder 20 and installed by the crane. Figure 6 Since the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 is arranged on the vacuum door plate 600, it can still operate normally outside the forming chamber 10, so the scraper system 500 can be used to spread powder outside the forming chamber 10 to complete the substrate leveling. In addition, the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 is arranged on the outside of the vacuum door plate 600, which is convenient for operators to spread powder outside the forming chamber 10 and perform maintenance and repair of the scraper system 500, and the convenience is greatly improved.

[0057] After completing the above preparations, please refer to Figure 2 The second track 300 and the first track 100 are used to move the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 to the specified positions in the forming chamber 10, and the first Z-axis lifting system 51 and the second Z-axis lifting system 52 under the forming chamber 10 are used to lift and lower the forming cylinder 20 and the powder cylinder 30 respectively, and printing is carried out when the printing conditions are met.

[0058] After the printing work is completed, the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 are moved as a whole to the mobile chassis 200 outside the forming chamber 10, and the substrate, the printed parts and the pre-sintered powder can be pushed out of the forming cylinder 20 by the third Z-axis lifting system 53 on the mobile chassis 200, and the printed parts and the pre-sintered powder are lifted to the powder recovery device for subsequent processing by means of the crane and the hook. The powder in the powder cylinder 30 is recovered by the powder collecting bucket under the powder cylinder 30.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 and the third Z-axis lifting system 53 are used to lift the forming cylinder 20 and the powder cylinder 30. The transmission system 501 and the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 are arranged outside the forming chamber 10, so that the substrate can be installed and the substrate can be leveled and powdered outside the forming chamber 10. The upper space is not restricted by the forming chamber 10 when the substrate is installed; the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 is arranged on the outside of the vacuum door panel 600, that is, the power system 502 is arranged outside the forming chamber 10, which can avoid oil leakage and eliminate safety hazards during the printing process; the first track 100 and the second track 300 are used to move the forming cylinder 20, the powder cylinder 30 and the powder replenishing box 40 into the forming chamber 10 according to printing needs, without the need for special large-scale machinery for transportation, thereby reducing transportation costs and improving work efficiency throughout the printing process.

[0060] In addition, the power system 502 of the scraper system 500 is arranged on the outside of the vacuum door panel 600, so that the substrate installation and leveling and powder spreading work can be carried out outside the forming chamber 10. The upper space is not restricted by the forming chamber 10, which is convenient for loading and unloading operations and maintenance of the scraper system 500, and at the same time, the synchronous movement of the large-span scraper double-sided drive system is realized.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 and the third Z-axis lifting system 53 are all detachably connected to the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30 through a detachable coupling device 700. The first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 and the third Z-axis lifting system 53 are all connected and separated from the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30 by using a detachable coupling device 700. In addition, the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 and the third Z-axis lifting system 53 all include a lifting support plate 54.

[0062] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the detachable coupling device 700 includes: a locking ring 701, a locking block 702 and a spline shaft 703. The locking ring 701 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30. The locking block 702 is arranged on the lifting support plate 54 through a bearing, and the locking block 702 and the locking ring 701 are detachably connected. The spline shaft 703 is adapted to the locking block 702, and the spline shaft 703 is arranged on the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 and the third Z-axis lifting system 53 and is arranged below the lifting support plate 54; the spline shaft 703 is connected to the rotating cylinder 60, for example, the spline shaft 703 can be connected to the rotating cylinder 60 through a transmission belt, etc., and is driven to rotate by the rotating cylinder 60.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The locking ring 701 is provided with a plurality of radially arranged locking rods 7011 inside, and the plurality of locking rods 7011 (for example, three) are evenly arranged. The locking block 702 is provided with an L-shaped locking groove 7021 corresponding to and matching the locking rod 7011 one by one. The locking ring 701 and the locking block 702 are connected and separated by the insertion position of the locking rod 7011 in the locking groove 7021.

[0064] The connection and separation function realization process of the detachable coupling device 700:

[0065] When it is necessary to connect the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 to the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30, the locking ring 701 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30, the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 rises to connect the spline shaft 703 with the locking block 702, the locking block 702 enters the locking ring 701, and the cylinder is rotated. 60 drives the spline shaft 703 and the locking block 702 to rotate in the first direction, so that the locking block 702 is plugged into the locking rod 7011 of the locking ring 701, thereby realizing the connection between the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 and the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30, thereby lifting and lowering the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 and the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 3 When the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 needs to be separated from the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30, the rotating cylinder 60 is used to drive the spline shaft 703 and the locking block 702 to rotate in the second direction, so that the locking rod 7011 is separated from the locking block 702, and then the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 descends, so that the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 can be separated from the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30. After the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 is separated from the forming cylinder 20 or the powder cylinder 30, it can be transported by a crane. Among them, the first direction and the second direction are opposite rotation directions. For example, if the first direction is clockwise, the second direction is counterclockwise; or if the first direction is counterclockwise, the second direction is clockwise.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 3 Optionally, in some embodiments, the spline shaft 703 is fixedly connected to the vacuum rotary shaft seal 70, and the vacuum rotary shaft seal 70 is connected to the rotary cylinder 60 via a transmission belt 80. The rotary cylinder 60 drives the spline shaft 703 to rotate, thereby driving the locking block 702 and the locking ring 701 to achieve a connection or separation function. Through the combination of the vacuum rotary shaft seal 70, the transmission belt 80 and the rotary cylinder 60, a low-cost and reliable power transmission function is achieved.

[0068] Optionally, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 The locking groove 7021 includes a vertical groove 70211 of a vertical section and a horizontal groove 70212 of a horizontal section. The upper surface of the horizontal groove 70212 is provided with a horizontal groove. The shape of the locking rod 7011 has a portion adapted to the groove. The locking rod 7011 can be adapted to be inserted into the locking groove 7021, effectively preventing the locking rod 7011 from falling off after entering the inclined groove and the horizontal groove 70212. For example, the end of the locking rod 7011 has a protrusion. After the locking rod 7011 enters the horizontal groove 70212, the protrusion enters the groove to achieve clamping. The above locking process is only an example, and the present application does not specifically limit its structure and process. The connection process between the locking block 702 and the locking ring 701 is specifically as follows: the first Z-axis lifting system 51, the second Z-axis lifting system 52 or the third Z-axis lifting system 53 lifts the locking block 702 into the locking ring 701, so that the vertical groove 70211 of the locking block 702 cooperates with the locking rod 7011 inside the locking ring 701, and the protrusion of the locking rod 7011 enters the starting position of the groove, and the rotating cylinder 60 drives the spline shaft 703 and the locking block 702 to rotate at a fixed angle, so that the locking block 702 and the locking ring 701 are tightly connected through the groove and the locking rod 7011.

[0069] The specific structure of the scraper system 500 is described in detail below.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 6The transmission system 501 includes: two chain driven wheels 5011, two guide rails 5012 and a scraper assembly 5013. The power system 502 includes: two chain driving wheels 5021, a transmission shaft 5022 and a power motor 5023. The scraper assembly 5013 includes two moving sliders 50131 and a scraper 50132 arranged between the two moving sliders 50131 and fixedly connected to the moving sliders 50131. The power motor 5023 drives the transmission shaft 5022 to rotate, the transmission shaft 5022 is fixedly connected to the two chain driving wheels 5021, the chain driving wheel 5021 and the chain driven wheel 5011 are connected through a transmission chain 5014, the transmission chain 5014 is fixedly connected to the moving slider 50131, and the moving slider 50131 is slidably connected to the guide rail 5012. After the scraper 50132 takes the powder, it moves under the drive of the power motor 5023 to complete the powder spreading work.

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to avoid the problems of the scraper of large-size printing equipment being overall long, the drooping phenomenon easily occurring with single-sided support, and the large vibration amplitude of single-sided drive, the present application adopts double-sided rail support, and at the same time uses the transmission shaft 5022 to achieve double-sided power drive, avoiding the problem of uneven force on the single-sided driven scraper and easy damage to the slider and bearing roller.

[0072] Optionally, in some embodiments, the powder replenishing box 40 is provided with a plurality of groups of openable and closable powder leakage ports for replenishing powder to the powder cylinder 30 to provide sufficient powder for printing larger parts. The powder replenishing box 40 can enter the forming chamber 10, making full use of the internal space of the forming chamber 10 and reducing the vacuum configuration requirements.

[0073] Optionally, in some embodiments, a heat shield 90 is provided above the forming cylinder 20 to gather the heat in the forming cylinder 20 to prevent heat dissipation and also to prevent powder splashing from affecting the printing work.

[0074] Optionally, in some embodiments, the forming cylinder 20, powder cylinder 30, powder replenishing box 40, scraper system 500 and vacuum door panel 600 are integrated. The above structural integration can quickly push out or enter the forming chamber 10, and can also quickly add powder to the powder cylinder 30.

[0075] In this application, for large-size printing equipment, under the conditions where the weight of printed parts exceeds 100 kilograms, the weight of powder raw materials exceeds tons, and the weight of substrates exceeds 100 kilograms, the overall equipment structure, function and method are designed without adding additional devices and equipment. At the same time, the equipment cost is significantly reduced while effectively improving the operational safety and convenience.

[0076] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like that may appear in the above description indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electron beam additive manufacturing device, comprising: A forming chamber capable of placing a forming cylinder and a powder cylinder, a first Z-axis lifting system and a second Z-axis lifting system arranged below the forming chamber, wherein the first Z-axis lifting system and the second Z-axis lifting system are used to lift the forming cylinder and the powder cylinder respectively, characterized in that one side of the forming chamber is open, and the electron beam additive manufacturing device comprises: a first track, the first track being arranged on the bottom surface of the forming chamber; A mobile chassis, on which a second track and a third Z-axis lifting system for lifting the forming cylinder are provided, and the second track can be connected to the first track; A mobile bracket, wherein the mobile bracket is arranged on the mobile base frame, and a plurality of rollers are arranged at the bottom of the mobile bracket, and the plurality of rollers can move horizontally along the second track and the first track; A forming cylinder, a powder cylinder and a powder replenishing box, wherein the forming cylinder, the powder cylinder and the powder replenishing box are all arranged on the movable bracket, and the powder replenishing box is located above the powder cylinder; A scraper system, wherein the scraper system is arranged on the movable bracket, and the scraper system comprises: a transmission system and a power system, wherein the transmission system is driven to move by the power system; A vacuum door plate, the vacuum door plate is vertically arranged on one side of the movable bracket, and the vacuum door plate is adapted to the side opening of the forming chamber; the power system of the scraper system is arranged on the outer side of the vacuum door plate, and the power system is connected to the transmission system through a sealed through hole arranged on the vacuum door plate; The first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system and the third Z-axis lifting system are all detachably connected to the forming cylinder or the powder cylinder through a detachable coupling device; the first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system and the third Z-axis lifting system all include a lifting support plate; The separable coupling device comprises: A locking ring, the locking ring being fixedly arranged at the bottom of the forming cylinder or the powder cylinder; A locking block, wherein the locking block is arranged on the lifting support plate through a bearing, and the locking block and the locking ring are detachably connected; A spline shaft, wherein the spline shaft is adapted to the locking block, and the spline shaft is arranged on the first Z-axis lifting system, the second Z-axis lifting system or the third Z-axis lifting system and is arranged below the lifting support plate; the spline shaft is rotationally driven by being connected to a rotary cylinder.

2. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline shaft is fixedly connected to the vacuum rotary shaft seal, and the vacuum rotary shaft seal is connected to the rotary cylinder via a transmission belt.

3. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking ring is provided with a plurality of radially arranged locking rods inside, and the locking block is provided with L-shaped locking grooves which correspond to and match the locking rods one by one, and the locking ring and the locking block are connected and separated by utilizing the insertion position of the locking rods in the locking grooves.

4. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking groove comprises a vertical groove of a vertical section and a horizontal groove of a horizontal section. An upper surface of the horizontal groove is provided with an inclined groove. The shape of the locking rod has a portion adapted to the inclined groove.

5. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system includes: two chain driven wheels, two guide rails and a scraper assembly, the power system includes: two chain driving wheels, a transmission shaft and a power motor, and the scraper assembly includes two moving sliders and a scraper arranged between the two moving sliders and fixedly connected to the moving sliders; The power motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the two chain driving wheels, the chain driving wheels and the chain driven wheels are connected through a transmission chain, the transmission chain is fixedly connected to the movable slider, and the movable slider is slidably connected to the guide rail.

6. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder replenishing box is provided with a plurality of groups of openable and closable powder leakage ports for replenishing powder to the powder cylinder.

7. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A heat insulation cover is arranged above the forming cylinder.

8. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The forming cylinder, powder cylinder, powder replenishing box, scraper system and vacuum door panel are integrated.

9. The electron beam additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A powder collecting bucket is provided below the powder cylinder for recovering the powder in the powder cylinder.

Images