Welding process for plate-type workpiece

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of workpiece welding, in particular to a welding process of a plate-type workpiece, which comprises the following steps: checking whether the thickness of the workpiece meets the welding requirement or not, and according to the design requirement, performing groove processing on the to-be-welded positions of the two workpieces to form a Y-shaped groove; the two workpieces are placed into the clamping frames of the two clamping mechanisms correspondingly in the direction that the to-be-welded parts are opposite, the two workpieces are pushed to be close to each other, and then the workpieces are fixed into the clamping frames through the clamping assemblies; the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is adjusted according to the width needed by the welding seam, and the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is fixed; positioning welding is conducted at the two ends in the groove, and the same material as formal welding is used; and formal welding is conducted on the two workpieces, and after welding is completed, welding slag and splashes on the surfaces of weld joints are removed. The workpiece is fixed in the clamping frame through the clamping assembly, and the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is fixed, so that the workpiece is not prone to deviation during welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of workpiece welding, and in particular to a welding process for a plate-type workpiece. Background Art

[0002] Nickel-based alloys are resistant to acid and alkali metal corrosion in both oxidizing and reducing environments, and have excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion. Nickel-based alloys have low chemical activity, and the oxide film formed in the early stage of oxidation can prevent further oxidation and corrosion of nickel. It has good corrosion resistance at high temperatures, and it also has a high melting point (1453°C), and has good plasticity and processing properties at both high and low temperatures.

[0003] Pure nickel has excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. At present, in the special gas industry, the demand for pure nickel equipment is gradually increasing. Welding is a very important link. Only by ensuring the quality of welding can the quality of the product be guaranteed.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, when two plate workpieces are flatly welded, the plates are prone to slightly offset at the beginning of welding, which can easily change the specifications of the weld. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the stability of workpieces during welding, the present application provides a welding process for plate-type workpieces.

[0006] The present application provides a welding process for a plate-type workpiece, which adopts the following technical solution: A welding process for a plate-type workpiece comprises the following steps: S1: Ensure that the parts to be welded of the two workpieces are clean and free of oil and rust, check whether the thickness of the workpieces meets the welding requirements, and perform groove processing on the positions where the two workpieces need to be welded according to the design requirements to form a Y-shaped groove; S2: placing the two workpieces in the clamping frames of the two clamping mechanisms with the parts to be welded facing each other, pushing the two workpieces closer to each other, and then fixing the workpieces in the clamping frames by the clamping assembly; S3: According to the required width of the weld, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is adjusted, and the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is fixed; S4: Perform tack welding at both ends of the groove, using the same material as the formal welding; S5: Formal welding is performed on the two workpieces. After welding is completed, the welding slag and spatter on the weld surface are removed.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece is placed in the clamping frame of the clamping mechanism, the position of the workpiece can be restricted, and the workpiece is fixed in the clamping frame by the clamping assembly, so that the workpiece and the clamping frame will not move relative to each other. Adjusting the distance between the two clamping mechanisms is equivalent to adjusting the distance between the two workpieces, and the distance between the two clamping mechanisms can also be fixed, so that the workpiece is not easily offset during welding, thereby improving the stability of the workpiece during welding.

[0008] Optionally, in step S2, the clamping assembly includes a vertical clamping component arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame and clamping the bottom of the workpiece, and a horizontal clamping component arranged at both ends of the clamping frame and clamping both ends of the workpiece respectively. After the workpiece is placed in the clamping frame, the vertical clamping component and the horizontal clamping component are adjusted according to the size of the workpiece so that the workpiece is adapted to the sliding space inside the clamping frame and the workpiece can move normally in the clamping frame.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece in the clamping frame is moved until the part to be welded of the workpiece protrudes from the end of the clamping frame to a specified range, and the workpiece in the clamping frame is fixed by the vertical clamping component and the horizontal clamping component.

[0010] Optionally, in step S2, the vertical clamping component includes a bottom clamping plate slidably arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame and a vertical screw rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom clamping plate and threadedly connected to the clamping frame, and the horizontal clamping component includes a sliding opening opened at the side end of the clamping frame, a sliding block slidably arranged in the sliding opening, a horizontal screw threadedly penetrated on the sliding block, and a side clamping plate rotatably connected to one end of the horizontal screw and used to clamp the end of the workpiece.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, by rotating the vertical screw, the vertical screw can gradually drive the bottom clamping plate to move up, so that the distance between the bottom clamping plate and the top of the clamping frame gradually decreases until it matches the thickness of the workpiece; by rotating the horizontal screw, the horizontal screw can gradually drive the two side clamping plates to approach each other, so that the distance between the two side clamping plates gradually decreases until it matches the width of the workpiece.

[0012] Optionally, in step S2, pre-weld cleaning components are provided at positions where the two clamping frames are far away from each other and on the bottom clamping plate, and the pre-weld cleaning components include a driven roller rotatably arranged on the top of the bottom clamping plate, a cleaning roller rotatably arranged on the top of the bottom clamping plate and located on one side of the driven roller, a driven gear arranged at one end of the driven roller, and a cleaning gear arranged at one end of the cleaning roller and meshing with the driven gear. When the workpiece in the clamping frame is pushed, the workpiece can drive the driven roller in contact with it to rotate, and the cleaning roller is driven to rotate through the mutually meshing driven gear and cleaning gear, so that the surface of the workpiece is cleaned by the cleaning roller.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the workpiece drives the driven roller in contact with it to rotate, and then the cleaning roller is driven to rotate through the mutually meshing driven gear and cleaning gear, so that the rotation direction of the cleaning roller is opposite to the rotation direction of the driven roller, which facilitates cleaning of dust on the surface of the workpiece.

[0014] Optionally, in step S3, the distance between the two is adjusted by a distance adjustment component arranged between the two clamping frames, wherein the distance adjustment component includes a distance adjustment screw slidably arranged on two connecting plates close to each other on two adjacent groups of clamping mechanisms and four distance adjustment nuts threadedly sleeved on the distance adjustment screw, wherein the distance adjustment nuts are respectively located on both sides of the connecting plates.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping frame is pushed accordingly according to the required width of the weld. After the distance between the two workpieces meets the requirement, the distance adjusting nut is rotated to make the distance adjusting nut press against the connecting plate to fix the distance between the two clamping frames.

[0016] Optionally, in step S5, the welding slag at the weld is cleaned by the welding slag cleaning assembly on the top of the clamping frame, the welding slag cleaning assembly includes a swing arm hinged on the clamping frame, an installation frame arranged at the end of the swing arm away from the clamping frame, a sliding block slidably connected to the installation frame, a pushing bar slidably passed through the sliding block, a wire brush arranged at one end of the pushing bar, a connecting plate arranged on the pushing bar, and a spring arranged between the connecting plate and the sliding block. When the other end of the swing arm is rotated to the weld, the wire brush is aligned with the weld. After the welding of the weld is completed, the pushing bar is held to drive the wire brush to move, and the welding slag at the weld is cleaned.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, after the welding of the weld is completed, the push bar is held to drive the wire brush to move, and the welding slag at the weld is cleaned. Since a spring is arranged between the connecting piece and the sliding block, there is a certain displacement space between the wire brush and the sliding block, which makes it easy to adjust the height of the wire brush so that the wire brush can clean different positions of the weld.

[0018] Optionally, in step S5, before formal welding, an anti-spatter agent is applied around the weld.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the adhesion of welding slag can be reduced, making post-welding cleaning easier.

[0020] Optionally, in step S3, a welding slag plate for receiving welding slag is slidably penetrated through two connecting plates close to each other on the two groups of the clamping mechanisms, the welding slag plate is located above the distance adjustment component, limiting screws are threadedly penetrated at both ends of the welding slag plate, and a scale is set on the welding slag plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the welding slag plate can block the distance adjusting screw and the distance adjusting nut, so that the welding slag is not easy to fall onto the distance adjusting screw and the distance adjusting nut.

[0022] Optionally, in step S5, the first welding area in the middle of the weld is first welded to form a first weld layer, and then the second welding area on the top of the weld is welded to form a second weld layer. Thereafter, the workpiece is taken out of the clamping frame, the workpiece is flipped 180°, and the workpiece is put back into the clamping frame. After the workpiece is clamped, the third welding area at the original bottom of the weld is welded to form a third weld layer; the thickness range of the workpiece is 1.5 to 8 mm, the thickness range of the weld metal is 0 to 8 mm, and the groove angle is 60°±5°.

[0023] Optionally, in step S5, when welding the first welding zone, the welding current is 120-140A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min; when welding the second welding zone and the third welding zone, the welding current is 140-160A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when welding the first welding area, the groove is smaller, and a small current and slow speed are used to better perform the base laying; when welding the second welding area and the third welding area, the groove increases, and a larger current needs to be provided to make the welding wire melt faster in order to fill the molten pool.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Place the workpiece in the clamping frame of the clamping mechanism so that the workpiece and the clamping frame do not move relative to each other, adjust the distance between the two clamping mechanisms, and also fix the distance between the two clamping mechanisms so that the workpiece is not easily offset during welding, thereby improving the stability of the workpiece during welding; 2. The workpiece drives the driven roller in contact with it to rotate, and then the cleaning roller is driven to rotate through the mutually meshing driven gear and cleaning gear, so that the rotation direction of the cleaning roller is opposite to that of the driven roller, which is convenient for cleaning the dust on the surface of the workpiece; 3. When welding the first welding area, the groove is small, and a small current and slow speed can better lay the foundation; when welding the second and third welding areas, the groove becomes larger, and a larger current needs to be provided to make the welding wire melt faster to fill the molten pool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a workpiece of a welding process of a plate-type workpiece; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism for a welding process of a plate-type workpiece; Figure 3is a schematic diagram of a clamping assembly for a welding process of a plate-type workpiece; Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a pre-welding cleaning assembly for a welding process of a plate-type workpiece; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a distance adjustment assembly for a welding process of a plate-type workpiece; Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a slag cleaning component for a welding process of a plate-type workpiece.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, workpiece; 11, first welding area; 12, second welding area; 13, third welding area; 2, clamping mechanism; 21, clamping frame; 22, support leg; 221, rotating wheel; 222, slide rail; 223, connecting plate; 23, clamping assembly; 231, vertical clamping member; 2311, bottom clamping plate; 2312, vertical screw; 2313, vertical telescopic rod; 232, horizontal clamping member; 2321, sliding opening; 2322, sliding block; 2323, horizontal screw; 2324, side clamp Holding plate; 24, locking assembly; 241, locking screw; 242, locking nut; 243, locking opening; 3, pre-welding cleaning assembly; 31, driven roller; 32, cleaning roller; 33, driven gear; 34, cleaning gear; 4, distance adjustment assembly; 41, distance adjustment screw; 42, distance adjustment nut; 5, welding slag plate; 51, limiting screw; 6, welding slag cleaning assembly; 61, swing rod; 62, mounting frame; 63, sliding block; 64, pushing bar; 65, wire brush; 66, connecting piece; 67, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] The present application embodiment discloses a welding process for a plate-type workpiece 1. Figure 1 , a welding process for a plate-type workpiece 1, comprising the following steps: S1: Prepare two workpieces 1 to be welded, ensure that the parts to be welded of the two workpieces 1 are clean and free of oil and rust, the workpiece 1 is a plate-type workpiece, check whether the thickness of the workpiece 1 meets the welding requirements, and the thickness range of the workpiece 1 is 1.5 to 8 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the workpiece 1 is 4 mm.

[0030] According to the design requirements, groove processing is performed on the positions where the two workpieces 1 need to be welded to form a Y-shaped groove, and the Y-shaped groove is divided into a first welding area 11, a second welding area 12 and a third welding area 13. The first welding area 11 is located in the middle position of the weld, the second welding area 12 is located at the top position of the weld, and the third welding area 13 is located at the bottom position of the weld. The first welding area 11 is set to be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The width range of the narrow part of the first welding area 11 is 2 to 2.5 mm, the thickness range of the narrow part of the first welding area 11 is 0 to 0.5 mm, and the groove angle range of the wide part of the first welding area 11 and the second welding area 12 is 60°±5°. In this embodiment, the width of the narrow part of the first welding area 11 is 2.5 mm, the thickness range of the narrow part of the first welding area 11 is 0.5 mm, and the groove angle of the wide part of the first welding area 11 and the second welding area 12 is 60°.

[0031] S2: Reference Figure 2 , place the two workpieces 1 in the clamping frames 21 of the two clamping mechanisms 2 with the parts to be welded facing each other, push the two workpieces 1 closer to each other, and then fix the workpieces 1 in the clamping frames 21 through the clamping components 23.

[0032] Preferably, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a clamping frame 21, a support leg 22 and a clamping assembly 23. The clamping frame 21 is a flat frame body with openings at the front and rear ends and a hollow arrangement. The support leg 22 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the clamping frame 21. The support leg 22 is provided in four numbers. The four support legs 22 are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the clamping frame 21, and the bottom of the support leg 22 is rotatably connected with a rotating wheel 221. The bottom of the two groups of clamping mechanisms 2 are installed with the same slide rail 222. The rotating wheel 221 at the bottom of the support leg 22 cooperates with the slide rail 222 to realize the horizontal movement of the two groups of clamping mechanisms 2, and the clamping assembly 23 is installed in the clamping frame 21. The clamping assembly 23 can fix the workpiece 1 in the clamping frame 21.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The clamping assembly 23 includes a vertical clamping component 231 and a horizontal clamping component 232. The vertical clamping component 231 is installed at the bottom of the clamping frame 21, and the vertical clamping component 231 can clamp the bottom of the workpiece 1. The horizontal clamping component 232 is installed at both ends of the clamping frame 21, and the horizontal clamping component 232 can clamp both ends of the workpiece 1 respectively. After placing the workpiece 1 in the clamping frame 21, adjust the vertical clamping component 231 and the horizontal clamping component 232 according to the size of the workpiece 1, so that the workpiece 1 is adapted to the sliding space inside the clamping frame 21, and the workpiece 1 can move normally in the clamping frame 21, and move the workpiece 1 in the clamping frame 21 until the part to be welded of the workpiece 1 protrudes from the end of the clamping frame 21 to the specified range, and then fix the workpiece 1 in the clamping frame 21 by the vertical clamping component 231 and the horizontal clamping component 232.

[0034] Furthermore, the vertical clamping member 231 includes a bottom clamping plate 2311 and a vertical screw 2312. The bottom clamping plate 2311 is slidably connected to the inner bottom of the clamping frame 21. The bottom clamping plate 2311 is horizontally arranged. The area of ​​the bottom clamping plate 2311 is the same as the area of ​​the inner bottom surface of the clamping frame 21. The vertical screw 2312 is threadedly penetrated through the inner bottom of the clamping frame 21. The vertical screw 2312 is vertically arranged. The top of the vertical screw 2312 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom clamping plate 2311. The bottom of the vertical screw 2312 extends out of the bottom of the clamping frame 21. In addition, a plurality of vertical telescopic rods 2313 are vertically fixed between the bottom of the bottom clamping plate 2311 and the inner bottom of the clamping frame 21.

[0035] When the distance between the bottom clamping plate 2311 and the top of the clamping frame 21 needs to be the same as the thickness of the workpiece 1, the vertical screw 2312 is rotated, and under the action of the vertical telescopic rod 2313, the vertical screw 2312 can gradually drive the bottom clamping plate 2311 to move upward, so that the distance between the bottom clamping plate 2311 and the top of the clamping frame 21 is gradually reduced until it matches the thickness of the workpiece 1. By providing the vertical clamping component 231, workpieces 1 of different thicknesses can be clamped.

[0036] The horizontal clamping component 232 includes a sliding mouth 2321, a sliding block 2322, a horizontal screw 2323 and a side clamping plate 2324. The sliding mouth 2321 is vertically opened at the side end of the clamping frame 21, and the sliding mouth 2321 passes through the inner and outer sides of the clamping frame 21. The sliding block 2322 is vertically slidably connected in the sliding mouth 2321. The horizontal screw 2323 is threadedly penetrated on the sliding block 2322. The horizontal screw 2323 is horizontally arranged. The length direction of the horizontal screw 2323 is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the workpiece 1. The side clamping plate 2324 is located on the bottom clamping plate 2311. One end of the horizontal screw 2323 is rotatably connected to the side clamping plate 2324. The length direction of the side clamping plate 2324 is parallel to the pushing direction of the workpiece 1, and the side clamping plates 2324 of the two groups of horizontal clamping components 232 clamp the two ends of the workpiece 1 respectively.

[0037] When it is necessary to make the distance between the two side clamping plates 2324 the same as the width of the workpiece 1, the horizontal screw 2323 is rotated, and the horizontal screw 2323 can gradually drive the two side clamping plates 2324 closer to each other, so that the distance between the two side clamping plates 2324 is gradually reduced until it matches the width of the workpiece 1. By setting the horizontal clamping component 232, workpieces 1 of different widths can be clamped. It should be noted that since there are multiple combinations of thickness and width of the workpiece 1, in order to make the horizontal clamping component 232 still be able to clamp the end of the workpiece 1 when the thickness of the workpiece 1 changes, the side clamping plate 2324 is set to be able to slide up and down.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 Preferably, a pre-welding cleaning assembly 3 is installed on the positions where the two clamping frames 21 are far away from each other and on the bottom clamping plate 2311, and the pre-welding cleaning assembly 3 can clean the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 1. The pre-welding cleaning assembly 3 includes a driven roller 31, a cleaning roller 32, a driven gear 33 and a cleaning gear 34. The driven roller 31 and the cleaning roller 32 are both horizontally rotatably connected to the top of the bottom clamping plate 2311 and away from the other clamping frame 21. Compared with the cleaning roller 32, the driven roller 31 is closer to the other clamping frame 21. The driven roller 31 and the cleaning roller 32 are parallel to each other, and the length direction of the driven roller 31 is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the workpiece 1. In addition, two mounting grooves are provided at the top of the bottom clamping plate 2311. The driven roller 31 and the cleaning roller 32 are respectively rotatably connected to the two mounting grooves, so that the tops of the driven roller 31 and the cleaning roller 32 are slightly protruding from the top surface of the bottom clamping plate 2311. The driven gear 33 is fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft at one end of the driven roller 31, and the cleaning gear 34 is fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft at one end of the cleaning roller 32, and the cleaning gear 34 and the driven gear 33 are meshed with each other. In this embodiment, the driven roller 31 is made of rubber material and has a certain elasticity.

[0039] Before pushing the workpiece 1 in the clamping frame 21, it is necessary to adjust the vertical clamping component 231 first so that the bottom of the workpiece 1 can abut against the driven roller 31 with a certain force. Since the driven roller 31 is made of rubber material, it has a certain elasticity and deformation ability, so that the part where the driven roller 31 contacts the bottom of the workpiece 1 transitions to a plane, so that the driven roller 31 does not protrude from the top of the bottom clamping plate 2311. At the same time, the workpiece 1 can also drive the driven roller 31 in contact with it to rotate, and then drive the cleaning roller 32 to rotate through the mutually meshing driven gear 33 and the cleaning gear 34, so that the rotation direction of the cleaning roller 32 is opposite to the rotation direction of the driven roller 31, that is, the tangential direction of the movement direction of the top of the cleaning roller 32 is opposite to the forward direction of the workpiece 1, so as to facilitate cleaning of dust on the surface of the workpiece 1.

[0040] It should be noted that the pre-weld cleaning assembly 3 installed on the clamping frame 21 is located at the top of the two clamping frames 21 and far away from each other. The structure of the pre-weld cleaning assembly 3 on the clamping frame 21 is exactly the same as the structure of the pre-weld cleaning assembly 3 on the bottom clamping plate 2311. The difference between the two is that the pre-weld cleaning assembly 3 on the bottom clamping plate 2311 is used to clean the bottom of the workpiece 1, while the pre-weld cleaning assembly 3 installed on the clamping frame 21 is used to clean the top of the workpiece 1.

[0041] S3: Reference Figure 5 According to the required width of the weld, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms 2 is adjusted and fixed.

[0042] A connecting plate 223 is vertically fixed between two legs 22 close to each other on the two sets of clamping mechanisms 2, and a distance adjustment component 4 is installed between the two connecting plates 223. The distance adjustment component 4 can adjust the distance between the two clamping frames 21. The distance adjustment component 4 includes a distance adjustment screw 41 and four distance adjustment nuts 42. The distance adjustment screw 41 slides through the two connecting plates 223. The four distance adjustment nuts 42 are all threadedly sleeved on the outside of the adjustment screw, and there are adjustment nuts on both sides of the two connecting plates 223.

[0043] Since the rotating wheel 221 at the bottom of the support leg 22 cooperates with the slide rail 222, it is convenient to adjust the distance between the two clamping frames 21. According to the required width of the weld, the clamping frames 21 are pushed accordingly to make the two clamping frames 21 approach each other. After the distance between the two workpieces 1 meets the requirements, the distance adjusting nut 42 can be rotated to make the distance adjusting nut 42 and the connecting plate 223 press tightly to fix the distance between the two clamping frames 21.

[0044] Preferably, a welding slag plate 5 is slidably penetrated on two connecting plates 223 close to each other on the two sets of clamping mechanisms 2. The welding slag plate 5 is located above the distance adjustment screw 41 and the distance adjustment nut 42. The welding slag plate 5 can receive part of the welding slag generated during welding. Limiting screws 51 are threadedly penetrated at both ends of the welding slag plate 5. The limiting screws 51 are vertically arranged, and the two limiting screws 51 are respectively located on the side of the two connecting plates 223 away from each other.

[0045] Since the slag plate 5 is located above the distance adjusting screw 41 and the distance adjusting nut 42, the slag plate 5 can block the distance adjusting screw 41 and the distance adjusting nut 42, and the slag plate 5 can receive part of the slag generated during welding, so that the slag is not easy to fall onto the distance adjusting screw 41 and the distance adjusting nut 42, and the setting of the limiting screw 51 can limit the position of the slag plate 5 to a certain extent, so that when adjusting the distance between the two clamping frames 21, the slag plate 5 is not easy to fall off.

[0046] In addition, the side of the slag plate 5 is provided with scales, and the scales are arranged along the length direction of the slag plate 5. The scales on the slag plate 5 are convenient for personnel to refer to when adjusting the distance between the two clamping frames 21, and serve as a reference for the preliminary adjustment of the distance between the two clamping frames 21. Since the distance between the two clamping frames 21 can be fine-tuned by the distance adjustment screw 41 and the distance adjustment nut 42, the scales on the slag plate 5 can also be referred to.

[0047] Furthermore, a locking assembly 24 is installed between the leg 22 and the slide rail 222. The locking assembly 24 includes a locking screw 241, a locking nut 242 and a locking opening 243. The locking opening 243 is opened on the slide rail 222. The locking opening 243 passes through both the inner and outer sides of the slide rail 222, and the length direction of the locking opening 243 is parallel to the length direction of the slide rail 222. The locking screw 241 is fixed to the outer side of the leg 22. The locking screw 241 passes through the locking opening 243 and can slide in the locking opening 243. The locking nut 242 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the locking screw 241. When the distance between the two clamping frames 21 is fixed, the locking nut 242 is tightened so that the end of the locking nut 242 is pressed against the outer side of the slide rail 222, thereby indirectly locking the clamping frame 21 to the slide rail 222.

[0048] S4: Position welding is performed at both ends of the groove. Position welding uses the same material as the formal welding. Position welding can perform preliminary positioning between the two workpieces 1 to reduce movement during the welding process.

[0049] S5: Formal welding is performed on the two workpieces 1, and the weld metal thickness ranges from 0 to 8 mm.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , first weld the first welding area 11 in the middle of the weld to form a first welding layer. Then weld the second welding area 12 at the top of the weld to form a second welding layer. Then take out the workpiece 1 from the clamping frame 21, turn the workpiece 1 180 degrees, and put the workpiece 1 back into the clamping frame 21. After the workpiece 1 is clamped, weld the third welding area 13 at the original bottom of the weld to form a third welding layer.

[0051] In this embodiment, the category number of the workpiece 1 is Ni-1, the reference national standard is GB / T2054, the material code is N5, the welding material category is NiS-1, the welding material standard is GB / T15620, the filler metal size is φ2.0mm, the welding material grade is SNi2061, and the filler metal category is solid welding wire.

[0052] The gas type of the shielding gas is Ar, the mixing ratio of the shielding gas is 99.99%, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 10-15L / min; the gas type of the tail shielding gas is Ar, the mixing ratio of the tail shielding gas is 99.99%, and the flow rate of the tail shielding gas is 10-15L / min.

[0053] Among the electrical characteristics, the current type is direct current (DC), the polarity is normal connection (EN), the welding current range is 120-160A, the arc voltage range is 12-15V, the welding speed is 4-8cm / min, the tungsten electrode type is cerium tungsten electrode, the tungsten electrode diameter is φ3mm, the nozzle diameter is φ9.5mm, and the distance from the conductive nozzle to the workpiece 1 is 10-20mm.

[0054] When welding the first welding zone 11, the welding current is 120-140A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min; when welding the second welding zone 12 and the third welding zone 13, the welding current is 140-160A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min. It should be noted that when welding the first welding zone 11, the groove is small, and a small current and slow speed can better perform the base; while when welding the second welding zone 12 and the third welding zone 13, the groove increases, and a larger current needs to be provided to make the welding wire melt faster so as to fill the molten pool.

[0055] It should be noted that before formal welding, applying anti-spatter agent around the weld can reduce the adhesion of welding slag and make post-weld cleaning easier.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 In the formal welding, each time a welding layer is completed, the welding slag and spatter on the weld surface are removed. When removing the welding slag at the weld, it can be realized by the welding slag cleaning assembly 6 installed on the clamping frame 21 top. The welding slag cleaning assembly 6 includes a swing arm 61, a mounting frame 62, a sliding block 63, a pushing bar 64, a wire brush 65, a connecting piece 66 and a spring 67. The swing arm 61 is hinged to the middle position of the top of the clamping frame 21 through a hinge seat. The hinge axis of the swing arm 61 is horizontally arranged. The length direction of the hinge axis of the swing arm 61 is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the workpiece 1. The mounting frame 62 is fixed to the end of the swing arm 61 away from the clamping frame 21. The length direction of the mounting frame 62 is parallel to the width direction of the workpiece 1. The sliding block 63 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 62, and the sliding block 63 can slide along the length direction of the mounting frame 62. The pushing bar 64 slides through the sliding block 63. The length direction of the pushing bar 64 is perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting frame 62. The wire brush 65 is fixed to one end of the pushing bar 64. When the swing arm 61 and the mounting frame 62 are rotated to above the weld, the wire brush 65 is located at the bottom of the pushing bar 64. The connecting piece 66 is fixed on the pushing bar 64 , the spring 67 is sleeved on the outside of the pushing bar 64 , and two ends of the spring 67 are respectively connected to the sliding block 63 and the connecting piece 66 .

[0057] Since welding slag will be generated when welding each welding layer, the welding slag and spatter on the surface of the weld are removed after each welding of a welding layer is completed. When the other end of the swing rod 61 is rotated to the weld, the wire brush 65 is located above the weld. After the welding of the weld is completed, the push bar 64 is held to drive the wire brush 65 to move and clean the welding slag at the weld. Since a spring 67 is provided between the connecting piece 66 and the sliding block 63, there is a certain displacement space between the wire brush 65 and the sliding block 63, so that the height of the wire brush 65 can be adjusted, so that the wire brush 65 can clean different positions of the weld. It is not necessary to clean the weld or after the cleaning is completed, the swing rod 61 is rotated to make the swing rod 61 deviate away from the weld.

[0058] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1), characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Ensure that the parts of the two workpieces (1) to be welded are clean and free of oil and rust, check whether the thickness of the workpieces (1) meets the welding requirements, and perform groove processing on the positions of the two workpieces (1) to be welded according to the design requirements to form a Y-shaped groove; S2: placing the two workpieces (1) in the clamping frames (21) of the two clamping mechanisms (2) with their parts to be welded facing each other, pushing the two workpieces (1) closer to each other, and then fixing the workpieces (1) in the clamping frames (21) by means of the clamping assembly (23); S3: adjusting the distance between the two clamping mechanisms (2) according to the required width of the weld, and fixing the distance between the two clamping mechanisms (2); S4: Perform tack welding at both ends of the groove, using the same material as the formal welding; S5: Formal welding is performed on the two workpieces (1). After welding is completed, the welding slag and spatter on the weld surface are removed.

2. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the clamping assembly (23) comprises a vertical clamping component (231) arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame (21) and clamping the bottom of the workpiece (1), and a horizontal clamping component (232) arranged at both ends of the clamping frame (21) and clamping the two ends of the workpiece (1) respectively. After the workpiece (1) is placed in the clamping frame (21), the vertical clamping component (231) and the horizontal clamping component (232) are adjusted according to the size of the workpiece (1) so that the workpiece (1) is adapted to the sliding space inside the clamping frame (21) and the workpiece (1) can move normally in the clamping frame (21).

3. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the vertical clamping component (231) includes a bottom clamping plate (2311) slidably arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame (21) and a vertical screw (2312) rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom clamping plate (2311) and threadedly connected to the clamping frame (21); the horizontal clamping component (232) includes a sliding opening (2321) opened at the side end of the clamping frame (21), a sliding block (2322) slidably arranged in the sliding opening (2321), a horizontal screw (2323) threadedly penetrated on the sliding block (2322), and a side clamping plate (2324) rotatably connected to one end of the horizontal screw (2323) and used to clamp the end of the workpiece (1).

4. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, a pre-welding cleaning assembly (3) is arranged at positions where the two clamping frames (21) are separated from each other and on the bottom clamping plate (2311), wherein the pre-welding cleaning assembly (3) comprises a driven roller (31) rotatably arranged on the top of the bottom clamping plate (2311), a cleaning roller (32) rotatably arranged on the top of the bottom clamping plate (2311) and located on one side of the driven roller (31), a driven gear (33) arranged at one end of the driven roller (31), and a cleaning gear (34) arranged at one end of the cleaning roller (32) and meshing with the driven gear (33). When the workpiece (1) in the clamping frame (21) is pushed, the workpiece (1) can drive the driven roller (31) in contact with it to rotate, and drive the cleaning roller (32) to rotate through the mutually meshing driven gear (33) and the cleaning gear (34), so that the surface of the workpiece (1) is cleaned by the cleaning roller (32).

5. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the distance between the two clamping frames (21) is adjusted by a distance adjustment component (4) arranged between the two clamping frames (21), wherein the distance adjustment component (4) comprises a distance adjustment screw (41) slidably arranged on two connecting plates (223) close to each other on two adjacent groups of clamping mechanisms (2) and four distance adjustment nuts (42) threadedly sleeved on the distance adjustment screw (41), wherein the distance adjustment nuts (42) are respectively located on both sides of the connecting plate (223).

6. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the welding slag at the weld is cleaned by a welding slag cleaning assembly (6) at the top of the clamping frame (21), wherein the welding slag cleaning assembly (6) comprises a swinging rod (61) hinged on the clamping frame (21), a mounting frame (62) arranged at one end of the swinging rod (61) away from the clamping frame (21), a sliding block (63) slidably connected to the mounting frame (62), a pushing bar (64) slidably penetrated on the sliding block (63), a wire brush (65) arranged at one end of the pushing bar (64), a connecting piece (66) arranged on the pushing bar (64), and a spring (67) arranged between the connecting piece (66) and the sliding block (63). When the other end of the swinging rod (61) is rotated to the weld, the wire brush (65) is aligned with the weld. After the welding of the weld is completed, the pushing bar (64) is held to drive the wire brush (65) to move, and the welding slag at the weld is cleaned.

7. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, before formal welding, an anti-spatter agent is applied around the weld.

8. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, two connecting plates (223) close to each other on the two groups of the clamping mechanisms (2) are slidably penetrated with welding slag plates (5) for receiving welding slag, and the welding slag plates (5) are located above the distance adjustment component (4). Limiting screws (51) are threadedly penetrated at both ends of the welding slag plates (5), and the welding slag plates (5) are provided with scales.

9. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the first welding area (11) in the middle of the weld is first welded to form a first welding layer, and then the second welding area (12) at the top of the weld is welded to form a second welding layer. After that, the workpiece (1) is taken out from the clamping frame (21), the workpiece (1) is turned 180 degrees, and then the workpiece (1) is put back into the clamping frame (21). After the workpiece (1) is clamped, the third welding area (13) at the original bottom of the weld is welded to form a third welding layer. The thickness range of the workpiece (1) is 1.5 to 8 mm, the thickness range of the weld metal is 0 to 8 mm, and the groove angle is 60°±5°.

10. A welding process for a plate-type workpiece (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, when welding the first welding zone (11), the welding current is 120-140A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min; when welding the second welding zone (12) and the third welding zone (13), the welding current is 140-160A, the arc voltage is 12-15V, and the welding speed is 4-8cm / min.

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