Metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device and welding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal-composite material equal interface temperature joint welding device which comprises a base, a guide rail, a sliding block and a clamp, the guide rail is connected with the base through a supporting column, the sliding block is embedded in the guide rail and connected with the clamp, the base is provided with a numerical control resistance heater, and the numerical control resistance heater and the clamp are coaxially arranged. By applying the numerical control resistance heater, accurate temperature control can be conducted on the metal sample, it is ensured that the metal sample reaches the preset target temperature before welding, and due to the fact that the numerical control resistance heater and the clamp are coaxially arranged, it can be ensured that when the metal sample makes contact with the composite material sample, temperature distribution on an interface is uniform; therefore, stable connection between dissimilar materials on the two sides of the interface is achieved, the consistent interface temperature is beneficial to optimization of the joint strength, stress concentration is reduced, and the welding quality is improved. According to the device, the interface temperature can be accurately controlled, and an accurate quantitative data basis is provided for the relationship between the bonding strength and the interface temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a device and method for welding temperature joints at interfaces of metal-composite materials and the like. Background Art

[0002] Metal-composite joints refer to joint structures that firmly connect metal materials and composite materials through a specific process. Composite materials are usually composed of a combination of multiple materials to obtain specific properties, such as high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, etc. Metal-composite joints play an important role in modern industry, especially in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment, etc. Through this joint, the advantages of different materials can be fully utilized to achieve lightweight, improve strength and durability.

[0003] Metal-composite joints combine the advantages of metals and composites to achieve optimal performance. For example, in the aerospace industry, the structure of an aircraft needs to be both light and strong, so the combination of composites and metals is an ideal choice. In addition, in the automotive industry, such joints can effectively reduce the weight of the car, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce emissions. Metal-composite joints are also widely used in electronic devices to provide better heat dissipation performance and mechanical strength.

[0004] The bonding strength of metal-composite materials is closely related to the interface temperature. Generally speaking, the higher the temperature, the more complete the chemical reaction between the resin matrix and the metal, and the higher the bonding strength; when the temperature exceeds the decomposition temperature of the resin matrix, the burning of the composite material will significantly reduce the bonding strength. At present, the relationship between the bonding strength of metal-composite materials and the interface temperature can only be analyzed qualitatively, and it is difficult to achieve quantitative evaluation. This problem limits the performance optimization of metal-composite joints.

[0005] The distribution of temperature field in the traditional metal-composite welding process is extremely uneven and highly nonlinear, which cannot meet the needs of quantitative evaluation of joint strength. Therefore, how to design the joint form, control the welding process, achieve uniformly distributed interface temperature field and evaluate the mechanical properties of the joint has become a key link in the quantitative evaluation of metal-composite welding strength. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for welding interface temperature joints of metal-composite materials, etc. After heating the metal sample to the target temperature by a numerically controlled resistance heater, the metal sample is contacted with a composite material sample, and the composite material on the contact surface melts under the action of heat conduction and reacts with the metal surface, so as to achieve a stable connection between the dissimilar materials on both sides of the interface, and obtain a metal-composite material and other interface temperature joints with consistent and accurate interface temperature, which provides the possibility for quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the bonding strength and the interface temperature, and solves the technical problem that the relationship between the bonding strength and the interface temperature in the metal-composite material welding joint can only be qualitatively analyzed and is difficult to achieve quantitative evaluation. The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding method for a device for welding interface temperature joints of metal-composite materials, etc., which simplifies the welding operation process, reduces the welding time, and improves the welding efficiency through standardized steps and precise control parameters. At the same time, since the operation steps are clear and easy to execute, the risk of operating errors is also reduced.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device, comprising a base, a guide rail, a slider, and a clamp, wherein the guide rail is connected to the base through a support, the slider is nested in the guide rail, the slider is connected to the clamp, a numerically controlled resistance heater is arranged on the base, and the numerically controlled resistance heater is arranged coaxially with the clamp.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution and applying a numerically controlled resistance heater, the temperature of the metal sample can be accurately controlled to ensure that the metal sample reaches the predetermined target temperature before welding, thereby achieving quantitative control of the interface temperature. Since the numerically controlled resistance heater is coaxially arranged with the fixture, it can be ensured that there will be no misalignment when the metal sample and the composite material sample are butt-jointed, and the prepared butt joint can be quantitatively characterized for its bonding strength through a tensile test. This device can achieve accurate control of the interface temperature, providing an accurate quantitative data basis for the relationship between bonding strength and interface temperature.

[0009] It is further configured that the slider includes a first slider and a second slider, the clamp includes a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp is connected to the first slider, and the second clamp is connected to the second slider.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the first slider and the second slider can be moved and adjusted independently, and metal and composite material samples of different sizes or shapes can be accurately aligned, thereby improving the contact quality during the welding process and ensuring the consistency of the welding results. By independently controlling each fixture, accurate positioning during the welding process can be ensured to avoid misalignment problems caused by uneven materials or inaccurate fixture alignment. The first slider and the second slider enhance the adjustment ability of the equipment, further improving the accuracy of welding.

[0011] It is further arranged that the second clamp clamps the metal sample, one side of the metal sample contacts the digitally controlled resistance heater, and the other side of the metal sample contacts the thermocouple.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by directly contacting the thermocouple with the metal sample, the actual temperature of the metal sample can be monitored in real time, ensuring that the metal sample reaches and maintains the required welding temperature, improving the temperature accuracy during the welding process, and thus ensuring the consistency of the welding results. Since the thermocouple is in direct contact with the metal sample, the temperature measurement is more accurate, which can effectively avoid the temperature deviation problem caused by temperature measurement error.

[0013] It is further provided that the first clamp clamps the composite material sample.

[0014] It is further provided that the base is provided with a propulsion mechanism, the propulsion mechanism comprises a propulsion base and a push rod, and the push rod is installed on the propulsion base.

[0015] It is further provided that the guide rail is a linear guide rail. It is further provided that the upper and lower surfaces of the base are both planes.

[0016] It is further provided that the CNC resistance heater comprises a hot pressing welding head with a flat end and a diameter of 15 mm and a 936D CNC welding station.

[0017] It is further provided that the base, pillars, guide rails, sliders and fixtures are all made of stainless steel.

[0018] It is further provided that the fixture material is polyimide (PI) resin, which is used to fix the sample to be welded and reduce contact heat dissipation between the sample to be welded.

[0019] It is further provided that the thermocouple is a contact thermocouple, which ensures the accuracy and controllability of the interface temperature of the prepared metal-composite material joint by monitoring the real-time temperature of the end of the metal sample close to the composite material sample.

[0020] It is further provided that the metal sample and the composite material sample are both columnar samples with an end face size of 6.4 mm×5 mm to ensure the uniformity and consistency of temperature distribution on the metal-composite material bonding interface.

[0021] The welding method of the interface temperature joint welding device of metal-composite material etc. comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fix the metal sample on the second fixture and the composite sample on the first fixture, keeping the end faces of the metal sample and the composite sample coaxially aligned; Step 2: Set the target temperature of the digital controlled resistance heater, move the second slider to make the metal sample contact with the digital controlled resistance heater, and heat the metal sample; Step 3: Monitor the real-time temperature of the metal sample by a thermocouple. After the measured value reaches the target temperature and stabilizes, move the first slider to make the composite sample contact with the metal sample; Step 4: The metal sample heats the composite sample, and the composite material on the contact surface melts due to the heat and reacts with the metal surface to form a stable chemical connection; Step 5: After the metal sample and the composite sample are in contact and heat transfer for 3 seconds, move the second slider to separate the metal sample from the CNC resistance heater. After the welded sample is cooled to room temperature, a metal-composite material interface temperature joint with consistent and accurate interface temperature is obtained.

[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, in step 1, by fixing the metal sample and the composite sample on their respective fixtures and keeping the end faces coaxially aligned, the contact surface consistency during the welding process is ensured, the risk of butt joint dislocation is reduced, and the consistency of the strength of the welded joint is ensured. In steps 2 and 3, the target temperature is set by a numerically controlled resistance heater, and the temperature of the metal sample is monitored in real time using a thermocouple to ensure that the metal sample reaches and maintains the ideal welding temperature, reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations. In steps 4 and 5, after the metal sample reaches the target temperature, the composite sample is contacted with it, and the composite material is partially melted by heating, reacting with the metal surface to form a stable chemical connection. At the same time, the time of contact heat transfer is strictly controlled to ensure that the composite material is fully melted and forms a good bond with the metal. Precise control and real-time monitoring throughout the welding process ensure the consistency of the interface temperature between the metal and the composite material during the welding process. This welding method simplifies the welding operation process, reduces the welding time, and improves the welding efficiency through standardized steps and precise control parameters. At the same time, because the operation steps are clear and easy to execute, the risk of operating errors is also reduced.

[0023] It is further provided that when the metal sample and the composite material sample are fixed on the fixture, the end faces need to be kept coaxially aligned.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the end faces of the metal sample and the composite sample are kept coaxially aligned, which can ensure that the two samples are accurately butted during the welding process and reduce strength fluctuations caused by sample misalignment.

[0025] It is further provided that the material of the metal sample is aluminum alloy, and the surface of the aluminum alloy is treated with a silane coupling agent.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the silane coupling agent can form a chemically active layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which can react chemically with the organic or inorganic groups in the composite material, thereby forming a stronger chemical bond between the aluminum alloy and the composite material. The enhanced interface bonding force helps to improve the overall strength and durability of the welded joint and ensure the reliability of the joint in use.

[0027] It is further provided that the material of the metal sample is high-strength steel or stainless steel.

[0028] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can accurately control the temperature of the metal sample by using a digitally controlled resistance heater, ensuring the uniformity and controllability of the metal-composite interface temperature. Since the digitally controlled resistance heater is coaxially arranged with the fixture, it can ensure that the metal sample and the composite sample are accurately aligned with the contact surface when in contact, reducing the strength fluctuation caused by sample misalignment. The device can achieve accurate control of the interface temperature and provide an accurate quantitative data basis for the relationship between the bonding strength and the interface temperature.

[0029] 2. The welding method of the present invention can ensure the uniformity and controllability of the interface temperature between metal and composite material samples, ensure the consistency and stability of welding results, shorten the operation time, and reduce the risk of operating errors through precise temperature control, flexible adjustment design and standardized operation steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device of a preferred embodiment; Figure 2 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of a metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device; Figure 3 It is a top view of a preferred embodiment of a metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device.

[0031] Figure numerals, 1, base; 1-1, pillar; 2, guide rail; 3, slider; 3-1, first slider; 3-2, second slider; 4, fixture; 4-1, first fixture; 4-2, second fixture; 5, CNC resistance heater; 6, metal sample; 7, composite material sample; 8, propulsion mechanism; 8-1, propulsion base; 8-2, push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-3As shown, the preferred embodiment of the metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device includes a base 1, a guide rail 2, a slider 3, and a clamp 4. The guide rail 2 is connected to the base 1 through a support 1-1, the slider 3 is nested in the guide rail 2, and the slider 3 is connected to the clamp 4. The base 1 is provided with a CNC resistance heater 5, and the CNC resistance heater 5 is coaxially arranged with the clamp 4.

[0034] The slider 3 includes a first slider 3-1 and a second slider 3-2, and the clamp 4 includes a first clamp 4-1 and a second clamp 4-2. The first clamp 4-1 is connected to the first slider 3-1, and the second clamp 4-2 is connected to the second slider 3-2.

[0035] The second fixture 4-2 holds the metal sample 6, one side of the metal sample 6 contacts the digital controlled resistance heater 5, and the other side of the metal sample 6 contacts the thermocouple. When the metal sample 6 is not held on the fixture, the thermocouple is not connected to the device.

[0036] The first clamp 4 - 1 clamps the composite material sample 7 .

[0037] The base 1 is provided with a propulsion mechanism 8, which includes a propulsion base 8-1 and a push rod 8-2, wherein the push rod 8-2 is mounted on the propulsion base 8-1. The propulsion mechanism is driven by a motor.

[0038] The guide rail 2 is a linear guide rail. The upper and lower surfaces of the base 1 are both flat. The CNC resistance heater 5 includes a hot pressing welding head with a flat end and a diameter of 15 mm and a 936D CNC welding table. The base 1, the pillar 1-1, the guide rail 2, the slider 3, and the clamp 4 are all made of stainless steel. The clamp 4 is made of polyimide PI resin, which is used to fix the sample to be welded and reduce the contact heat dissipation between the sample to be welded. The thermocouple is a contact thermocouple, which ensures the accuracy and controllability of the interface temperature of the prepared metal-composite joint by monitoring the real-time temperature of the end of the metal sample 6 close to the composite sample 7. Both the metal sample 6 and the composite sample 7 are columnar samples with an end face size of 6.4 mm × 5 mm to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the temperature distribution on the metal-composite joint interface.

[0039] Metal sample 6 is Al5052-O aluminum alloy; composite sample 7 is a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, containing 80% PA6 resin matrix and 20% short carbon fiber, and the sample size is 6.4 mm×5 mm×45 mm.

[0040] The base 1, the support 1-1 and the guide rail 2 are fixed by bolts. The slider 3 and the clamp 4 are fixed by bolts. The numerical control resistance heater 5 and the base 1 are fixed by bolts.

[0041] The welding method of the interface temperature joint welding device of metal-composite material etc. comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fix the metal sample 6 on the second fixture 4-2, and fix the composite sample 7 on the first fixture 4-1, and keep the end faces of the metal sample 6 and the composite sample 7 coaxially aligned; Step 2: setting the target temperature of the digital controlled resistance heater 5, moving the second slider 3-2, making the metal sample 6 contact with the digital controlled resistance heater 5, and heating the metal sample 6; Step 3: Monitor the real-time temperature of the metal sample 6 by a thermocouple. After the measured value reaches the target temperature and stabilizes, move the first slider 3 - 1 to make the composite sample 7 contact with the metal sample 6; Step 4: The metal sample 6 heats the composite sample 7, and the composite material on the contact surface is melted by the heat and reacts with the metal surface to form a stable chemical connection; Step 5: After the metal sample 6 and the composite material sample 7 are in contact and heat-transfer for 3 seconds, the second slider 3-2 is moved to separate the metal sample 6 from the CNC resistance heater 5. After the welded sample is cooled to room temperature, a metal-composite material interface temperature joint with a consistent and accurate interface temperature is obtained.

[0042] like Figure 1-3 As shown, when the metal sample 6 and the composite material sample 7 are fixed on the fixture, the end faces need to be kept coaxially aligned. The material of the metal sample 6 is aluminum alloy, and the surface of the aluminum alloy is treated with a silane coupling agent.

[0043] The material of the metal sample 6 is high-strength steel or stainless steel.

[0044] The metal-composite material interface temperature joints prepared in this case can be used for subsequent mechanical testing to provide data support for quantitative evaluation of the relationship between metal-composite material joint strength and interface temperature. By controlling the contact heat transfer time and contact pressure between metal sample 6 and composite material sample 7, the effects of heating time and pressure on the joint strength of metal-composite material welded joints can be quantitatively evaluated.

[0045] The above-mentioned specific implementation can be partially adjusted in different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims and shall not be limited by the above-mentioned specific implementation. Each implementation scheme within its scope shall be subject to the constraints of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for welding interface temperature joints of metal and composite materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a guide rail (2), a slider (3), and a fixture (4); the guide rail (2) is connected to the base (1) via a support (1-1); the slider (3) is nested in the guide rail (2); the slider (3) is connected to the fixture (4); a digitally controlled resistance heater (5) is arranged on the base (1); and the digitally controlled resistance heater (5) and the fixture (4) are coaxially arranged.

2. The metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slider (3) comprises a first slider (3-1) and a second slider (3-2); the clamp (4) comprises a first clamp (4-1) and a second clamp (4-2); the first clamp (4-1) is connected to the first slider (3-1), and the second clamp (4-2) is connected to the second slider (3-2).

3. The metal-composite material interface temperature joint device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second clamp (4-2) clamps the metal sample (6), one side of the metal sample (6) is in contact with the digital controlled resistance heater (5), and the other side of the metal sample (6) is in contact with the thermocouple.

4. The metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first clamp (4-1) clamps the composite material sample (7).

5. The metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a propulsion mechanism (8), the propulsion mechanism (8) comprising a propulsion base (8-1) and a push rod (8-2), and the push rod (8-2) is mounted on the propulsion base (8-1).

6. The welding method of the metal-composite material interface temperature joint welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Fix the metal sample (6) on the second fixture (4-2), and fix the composite sample (7) on the first fixture (4-1), and keep the end faces of the metal sample (6) and the composite sample (7) coaxially aligned; Step 2: setting the target temperature of the digital controlled resistance heater (5), moving the second slider (3-2) so that the metal sample (6) contacts the digital controlled resistance heater (5), and heating the metal sample (6); Step 3: The real-time temperature of the metal sample (6) is monitored by a thermocouple. After the measured value reaches the target temperature and stabilizes, the first slider (3-1) is moved to bring the composite sample (7) into contact with the metal sample (6); Step 4: The metal sample (6) heats the composite sample (7), and the composite material on the contact surface is melted by the heat and reacts with the metal surface to form a stable chemical connection; Step 5: After the metal sample (6) and the composite material sample (7) are in contact and heat transfer for 3 seconds, the second slider (3-2) is moved to separate the metal sample (6) from the CNC resistance heater (5). After the welded sample is cooled to room temperature, a metal-composite material interface temperature joint with a consistent and accurate interface temperature is obtained.

7. The welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the metal sample (6) and the composite material sample (7) are fixed on the fixture, the end faces need to be kept coaxially aligned.

8. The welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the metal sample (6) is aluminum alloy, and the surface of the aluminum alloy is treated with a silane coupling agent.

9. The welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the metal sample (6) is high-strength steel or stainless steel.

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