Metal stir friction riveting welding device and riveting welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal stir friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method, and relates to the field of welding technology. A processing mechanism opens prefabricated threaded holes on welded aluminum plates and steel plates. The prefabricated threaded holes can effectively avoid the generation of cracks, and at the same time make the connection more airtight, and the mechanical interlocking ability between the threaded rivets and the plates is stronger. A feeding mechanism can be used to add an intermediate layer plate to the welding gap between the aluminum plate and the steel plate. The regulation of the intermediate layer plate reduces the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds on the surface of aluminum and steel. During the process of adding the intermediate layer plate, upper and lower sliders equipped with grinding paper can be pushed to slide in the riveted gap to grind the riveted surface. When the processing cylinder is pulled out of the prefabricated hole, two rising air injection pistons will also rise to press the air in the upper area into each arc tube of the chip blowing mechanism, and the air will be sprayed out by the air nozzle. The sprayed air is used to blow away the waste chips remaining on the surface of the file rod, the tapping head and the drilling head during their rising process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a metal stir friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of aviation, aerospace and new weapons, there are more stringent requirements for the performance of components. A single material usually cannot meet the requirements, and composite materials can often combine the advantages of two materials to achieve better results. In particular, the connection of aluminum-steel composite materials can not only take advantage of the low density, good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy, but also take advantage of the high strength of steel, and is widely used in aerospace and other fields.

[0003] Friction stir riveting is a composite welding method based on friction stir welding and riveting. The welding of aluminum and steel can combine the advantages of both methods, reduce the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds, and greatly improve the mechanical properties of the joints by using the mechanical connection of riveting. At the same time, it can avoid the poor airtightness that may be caused by riveting, and improve the corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the joints. This method has significant advantages in the connection of dissimilar materials of aluminum and steel.

[0004] Patent publication number CN107160109A discloses a method for riveting and welding dissimilar aluminum-steel composite connection. The method first pre-drills at the overlap of the aluminum plate and the steel plate to be connected to obtain a pre-drilled hole; then the rivet is inserted into the pre-drilled hole so that the end face of the rivet cap is flush with the surface of the aluminum plate, and the other end of the rivet is higher than the surface of the steel plate; then a rotating stirring head is used to press down the rivet higher than the surface of the steel plate for the first time so that the end face of the stirring head contacts the surface of the steel plate; finally, a second pressing is continued to form a countersunk rivet head of the rivet in the steel plate.

[0005] However, the above prior art has the following technical defects:

[0006] 1. Since the holes are punched manually, the fit between the rivets and the holes is often different. After welding, a gap is likely to appear between the rivets and the plates. As the stirring head presses down, cracks will appear at the joints between the rivets and the plates, reducing the mechanical strength of the joints. In addition, due to the large differences in the thermal physical properties of aluminum and steel, more brittle intermetallic compounds will often appear, affecting the mechanical properties of the joints.

[0007] Second, a lot of metal scraps will be generated during the drilling process. These scraps may remain on the drill bit. If the scraps are not cleaned, the scraps may reduce the cutting efficiency of the drill bit, increase wear, and even cause overheating. In addition, the remaining scraps may affect the contact between the drill bit and the material, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the hole. After each drilling, the staff needs to clean the metal scraps or dust left on the drill bit, which invisibly increases the workload of the staff.

[0008] Therefore, based on the existing foundation, there is still room for improvement in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, in the first aspect, the present application provides a metal stir friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method, which adopt the following technical scheme: comprising a rectangular main frame, two second motors are correspondingly installed on the side of the main frame, and the driving end of each second motor is installed with a second screw rod whose end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the main frame, and each second screw rod is provided with a second threaded seat, and a processing mechanism is also arranged above the main frame, and the processing mechanism comprises a mounting plate arranged above the main frame, and a processing motor is installed at the upper center of the mounting plate, and the driving end of the processing motor passes through the mounting plate and is installed with a file rod, a tapping head and a drilling head which are fixedly connected at adjacent ends from top to bottom and are at the same center of a circle;

[0010] A feeding mechanism is also arranged above the main frame on one side of the processing mechanism. The feeding mechanism includes two tracks installed on the upper side of the main frame. A push block is slidably arranged in each track, and a slider with polishing paper installed on the upper and lower surfaces is slidably arranged in one of the tracks.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding mechanism also includes two groups of L-shaped mounting frames installed on the upper side of the main frame, and a rectangular plate is installed on the upper side of each group of two L-shaped mounting frames. A feeding cylinder is installed on the side of each rectangular plate, and the telescopic arm of each feeding cylinder passes through the rectangular plate and is installed with a vertical plate, and each vertical plate is fixedly connected to the push block on the same side.

[0012] Preferably, a moving mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the main frame on the other side of the processing mechanism, and the moving mechanism includes two mounting seats installed on the upper side of the main frame, a first motor is installed on the side of one of the mounting seats, a driving end of the first motor passes through the mounting seat and is equipped with a first screw rod which is rotatably connected to the other mounting seat, and a first threaded seat is arranged on the first screw rod.

[0013] Preferably, a chip blowing mechanism is provided at the lower end of the drilling head, and the chip blowing mechanism includes an annular frame which is located directly below the drilling head and has the same center as the drilling head, and the inner side of the annular frame is rectangular and has four cylinders with openings at both ends, and a rotary cover is rotatably installed at both ends of each cylinder, an arc tube is installed between each adjacent two rotary covers, and an air nozzle facing the center of the annular frame is installed on the side of each cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a side cylinder is installed on the outer side of the annular frame on one side of each air nozzle, a rubber piston is slidably arranged in each side cylinder, an extension rod is installed at the center of the side of each rubber piston, the end of each extension rod extends to the inner side of the annular frame and is installed with a rack, and a gear meshing with the rack is installed on the side of each cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a spring is arranged inside each side tube on one side of the rubber piston, an external tube is installed on the side of each side tube on one side of the rubber piston, two first three-way tubes are installed at the ends of the four side tubes, and a second three-way tube is installed on the side of one of the arc tubes.

[0016] Preferably, an injection mechanism is arranged on the side of the movable mechanism, and the injection mechanism includes two gas cylinders installed on the sides of two mounting seats, and an upper tube and a lower tube distributed vertically are installed on the side of each gas cylinder, and a one-way valve is arranged on each of the upper tube and the lower tube, and a gas injection piston matching with it is slidably arranged in each gas cylinder, and two vertical rods extending to the outside of the gas cylinder are correspondingly installed on the upper surface of each gas injection piston.

[0017] Preferably, a fixing mechanism is provided on the two second threaded seats, and the fixing mechanism includes a step plate installed on the two second threaded seats, an annular pressure plate is provided above the step plate, a limiting plate is installed on one side of the annular pressure plate, and side pressure plates are installed on the other side of the annular pressure plate and the side of the limiting plate, and two electric push rods fixedly connected to the two side pressure plates are correspondingly installed on the side of the step plate.

[0018] Preferably, a riveting and welding mechanism is arranged on one side of the gas injection mechanism on the main frame, and the riveting and welding mechanism includes a second C-shaped frame installed on the upper side of the main frame, and two hydraulic rods are correspondingly installed on the upper side of the second C-shaped frame. The ends of the two hydraulic rods pass through the second C-shaped frame and are installed with a strip plate, and a number of evenly distributed stir friction riveting welding heads are installed on the strip plate.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application also discloses a metal stir friction riveting method: the method comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Fix the plates; place the pre-cut aluminum plates and steel plates on the lower and upper surfaces of the step plates respectively, and use two side pressure plates to press them down and fix them.

[0021] S2. Add an intermediate layer plate and use the feeding mechanism to add an intermediate layer plate in the gap between the aluminum plate and the steel plate in the riveting area.

[0022] S3, prefabricated hole processing, using the processing mechanism to process the prefabricated holes with internal threads in the riveting and welding areas of the aluminum plate, steel plate and intermediate layer plate.

[0023] S4. Dust removal: use the chip blowing mechanism and air injection mechanism to blow away the dust generated by the opening of the surface of the file rod, tapping head and drilling head during the process of removing them from the hole.

[0024] S5, prefabricated hole cleaning, using a cleaning mechanism to clean the prefabricated holes of the aluminum plate, steel plate and middle layer plate.

[0025] S6. Riveting and welding: insert a rivet with a threaded outer surface into each prefabricated hole, and use a riveting and welding mechanism to rivet each rivet to achieve riveting between the aluminum plate and the steel plate.

[0026] S7, structural restoration, remove the welded plate from the fixing mechanism and restore the position of the fixing mechanism, then proceed to the next processing.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects of a metal stir friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method:

[0028] 1. The present invention uses a processing mechanism to open prefabricated threaded holes on the welded aluminum plate and steel plate with higher hole opening accuracy, and then screws rivets with external threads into the threaded holes and stir friction riveting is performed. The prefabricated threaded holes can effectively avoid the generation of cracks, and at the same time make the connection more airtight, improve the corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the joint, and the mechanical interlocking ability between the threaded rivets and the plates is stronger. Compared with the through holes without threads, the connection strength is improved. The feeding mechanism can be used to add an intermediate layer plate to the welding gap between the aluminum plate and the steel plate. The regulation of the intermediate layer plate reduces the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds on the surface of aluminum and steel. At the same time, during the process of adding the intermediate layer plate, the upper and lower sliders equipped with grinding paper can be pushed to slide in the riveted gap to grind the riveted surfaces of the aluminum plate and the steel plate.

[0029] 2. The present invention drives two air injection pistons in the air injection mechanism to be extended during the drilling process, and injects air into the area above the air injection piston in each air cylinder. At the same time, when the machining cylinder is pulled out of the prefabricated hole, the two rising air injection pistons will press the air in the upper area into the arc tubes of the chip blowing mechanism, and finally be ejected by each air nozzle. The ejected air is used to blow away the waste chips remaining on the surface of the file rod, tapping head and drilling head during their rising process, thereby playing a role in cleaning waste chips and avoiding the influence of residual waste chips on the next hole drilling. At the same time, manual operation is not required for the staff, which reduces the workload of the staff, and the cleaning is more thorough and the cleaning effect is good.

[0030] 3. In the process of drilling a hole by extending the processing cylinder, the present invention allows the two air injection pistons to descend. The descending air injection pistons inject the air below into the four side cylinders through the two first three-way pipes. The air entering the side cylinders pushes the rubber piston and the rack to move. The moving rack drives the gear meshing with it to rotate, driving the cylinder to rotate, thereby deflecting the air nozzle so that it does not face the drilling head, thereby preventing dust and debris from falling on the air jet end of the air nozzle during the drilling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a side view of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the processing mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas injection mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the chip blowing mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the chip blowing mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the chip blowing mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.12 yes Fig.10 Enlarged view of part A.

[0044] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the riveting welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the friction stir riveting composite connection process of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.16 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stirring head of a friction stir riveting welding machine head.

[0048] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1. Processing mechanism; 101. Mounting plate; 102. Processing motor; 103. File rod; 104. Tapping head; 105. Drilling head; 106. L-shaped fixing plate; 107. Processing cylinder; 2. Feeding mechanism; 201. Track; 202. Rectangular plate; 203. Feeding cylinder; 204. Vertical plate; 205. Push block; 206. Sliding block; 207. L-shaped mounting frame; 3. Moving mechanism; 301. Mounting seat; 302. First motor; 3 03, first screw rod; 304, first threaded seat; 305, slide rod; 306, slide seat; 4, chip blowing mechanism; 401, ring frame; 402, cylinder; 403, screw cap; 404, arc tube; 405, air nozzle; 406, side tube; 407, rubber piston; 408, extension rod; 409, spring; 410, gear; 411, rack; 412, first three-way pipe; 413, second three-way pipe; 414, external pipe; 415, fixed rod ; 5. Gas injection mechanism; 501. Gas cylinder; 502. Upper tube; 503. Lower tube; 504. One-way valve; 505. Gas injection piston; 506. Vertical rod; 6. Cleaning mechanism; 601. First U-shaped frame; 602. Lifting cylinder; 603. Horizontal pipe; 604. Nozzle; 605. Delivery pipe; 606. Water tank; 7. Riveting and welding mechanism; 701. Second U-shaped frame; 702. Hydraulic rod; 703. Strip plate; 704. Stir friction riveting and welding machine head; 8. Main Frame; 9, fixing mechanism; 901, step plate; 902, strip groove; 903, annular pressure plate; 904, limit plate; 905, side pressure plate; 906, electric push rod; 10, second screw rod; 11, second motor; 12, second threaded seat; 13, support leg; 14, round rod; 15, limit block; 16, upper plate; 17, slide rail; 18, slide table; 19, L-shaped connecting plate; 20, steel plate; 21, aluminum plate; 22, middle layer plate; 23, rivet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following is combined with Figure 1 - Fig.17 Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application discloses a metal stir friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method, wherein prefabricated threaded holes are opened in the welded aluminum plate and steel plate through a processing mechanism, and then rivets with external threads are screwed into the threaded holes and stir friction riveting is performed. The prefabricated threaded holes can effectively avoid the generation of cracks, and at the same time make the connection more airtight, improve the corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the joint, and the mechanical interlocking ability between the threaded rivets and the plates is stronger. The feeding mechanism can be used to add an intermediate layer plate to the welding gap between the aluminum plate and the steel plate. The regulation of the intermediate layer plate reduces the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds on the surface of aluminum and steel. At the same time, during the process of adding the intermediate layer plate, the upper and lower sliders equipped with grinding paper can be pushed to slide in the riveted gap to grind the riveted surfaces of the aluminum plate and the steel plate.

[0052] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a rectangular main frame 8, and two second motors 11 are installed on the side surfaces of the main frame 8 respectively. The driving end of each second motor 11 is installed with a second screw 10 whose end is rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the main frame 8, and each second screw 10 is provided with a second threaded seat 12. A plurality of evenly distributed support legs 13 are installed on the lower side of the main frame 8, and the support legs 13 are used to support the main frame 8 and its surface components. The running second motor 11 can drive the second motor 11 connected thereto to rotate, and the rotating second motor 11 drives the second threaded seat 12 to move.

[0053] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, a processing mechanism 1 is also arranged above the main frame 8, and the processing mechanism 1 includes a mounting plate 101 arranged above the main frame 8, and a processing motor 102 is installed at the upper center of the mounting plate 101. The driving end of the processing motor 102 passes through the mounting plate 101 and is installed with a file rod 103, a tapping head 104 and a drilling head 105 which are fixedly connected at adjacent ends from top to bottom and are at the same center of a circle. The running processing motor 102 can drive the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 to rotate, and respectively perform operations of opening holes, opening threaded holes and grinding inside holes.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, an L-shaped fixing plate 106 is arranged directly above the mounting plate 101, and two processing cylinders 107 are correspondingly installed on the upper surface of the L-shaped fixing plate 106. The telescopic arms of the two processing cylinders 107 penetrate the L-shaped fixing plate 106 and are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 101. The two processing cylinders 107 extend to drive the mounting plate 101 to descend, which can drive the processing motor 102 and its end assembly to descend.

[0055] In summary, the processing motor 102 drives the connected file rod 103, tapping head 104 and drilling head 105 to rotate, and then the processing cylinder 107 extends to drive the mounting plate 101 and its surface components to descend, and the rotating drilling head 105 is used to drill holes in the aluminum plate 21, the middle layer plate 22 and the steel plate 20 directly below, and then the tapping head 104 continues to descend and enters the drilled hole to tap the inner wall of the hole to form a prefabricated hole with an internal thread, and finally the descending file rod 103 enters the prefabricated hole and grinds the inner wall of the hole.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a feeding mechanism 2 is further provided above the main frame 8 on one side of the processing mechanism 1, and the feeding mechanism 2 includes two rails 201 installed on the upper side of the main frame 8, and a push block 205 is slidably provided in each rail 201, and a slider 206 with polishing paper installed on the upper and lower surfaces is slidably provided in one of the rails 201, and the middle layer plate 22 is placed on the rail 201 with the slider 206 and is between the slider 206 and the push block 205, and then the moving push block 205 can push the middle layer plate 22 to move, and at the same time, it is pushed into the riveted welding gap between the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20 together with the slider 206.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the feeding mechanism 2 also includes two groups of L-shaped mounting frames 207 installed on the upper side of the main frame 8, and a rectangular plate 202 is installed on the upper side of each group of two L-shaped mounting frames 207. The rectangular plate 202 can be fixed on the main frame 8 using the L-shaped mounting frames 207.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, a feeding cylinder 203 is installed on the side of each rectangular plate 202, and the telescopic arm of each feeding cylinder 203 passes through the rectangular plate 202 and is installed with a vertical plate 204, each vertical plate 204 is fixedly connected to the push block 205 on the same side, and when the feeding cylinder 203 is shortened, the push block 205 on the same side can be driven to move through the vertical plate 204 connected thereto.

[0059] In summary, the staff puts the pre-cut intermediate layer plate 22 on the track 201 with the slider 206, so that the intermediate layer plate 22 is between the push block 205 and the slider 206, and then the corresponding feeding cylinder 203 is shortened to drive the push block 205 to move and push the intermediate layer plate 22 to the riveted welding gap. The moving intermediate layer plate 22 also pushes the slider 206 into the riveted welding gap, and the slider 206 is used to grind the riveted welding surface of the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20 until the intermediate layer plate 22 is completely pushed into the riveted gap. At this time, the slider 206 is pushed out of the gap and falls onto another track 201, and the material adding is completed.

[0060] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, a moving mechanism 3 is arranged on the upper side of the main frame 8 on the other side of the processing mechanism 1, and the moving mechanism 3 includes two mounting seats 301 installed on the upper side of the main frame 8, and a first motor 302 is installed on the side of one of the mounting seats 301. The driving end of the first motor 302 passes through the mounting seat 301 and is equipped with a first screw 303 which is rotatably connected to the other mounting seat 301. The running first motor 302 can drive the first screw 303 to rotate.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, a first threaded seat 304 is provided on the first screw rod 303, and the first threaded seat 304 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 106. A sliding rod 305 is installed between the two mounting seats 301 above the first screw rod 303, and a sliding seat 306 fixedly connected to the first threaded seat 304 is slidably provided on the sliding rod 305. The rotating first screw rod 303 can drive the first threaded seat 304 to move, and the moving first threaded seat 304 can drive the sliding seat 306 to slide on the sliding rod 305.

[0062] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a gas injection mechanism 5 is arranged on the side of the moving mechanism 3, and the gas injection mechanism 5 includes two gas cylinders 501 installed on the sides of two mounting seats 301, and an upper tube 502 and a lower tube 503 distributed vertically are installed on the side of each gas cylinder 501, and a one-way valve 504 is arranged on each upper tube 502 and the lower tube 503, so that outside air can enter the gas cylinder 501 through the upper tube 502 and the lower tube 503, and at the same time, the two one-way valves 504 can be used to prevent the air in the gas cylinder 501 from being discharged through the upper tube 502 or the lower tube 503.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, each gas cylinder 501 is slidably provided with a gas injection piston 505 adapted thereto, and the upper surface of each gas injection piston 505 is correspondingly provided with two vertical rods 506 extending to the outside of the gas cylinder 501, and the upper ends of the four vertical rods 506 are commonly provided with an upper plate 16 with a groove on the surface, and the upper plate 16 that moves up and down can drive the two gas injection pistons 505 to move up and down through the four vertical rods 506.

[0064] like Figure 8 As shown, two slide rails 17 are correspondingly installed on the inner side of the upper plate 16, and a slide table 18 is slidably arranged on the two slide rails 17. An L-shaped connecting plate 19 is installed on the side of the slide table 18, which passes through the L-shaped fixing plate 106 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 101. The mounting plate 101 that moves up and down can drive the upper plate 16 to move up and down through the L-shaped connecting plate 19, the slide rails 17 and the slide table 18. At the same time, the mounting plate 101 that moves horizontally can drive the slide table 18 to slide on the slide rail 17 through the L-shaped connecting plate 19.

[0065] like Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, a chip blowing mechanism 4 is provided at the lower end of the drilling head 105, and the chip blowing mechanism 4 includes an annular frame 401 which is located directly below the drilling head 105 and has the same center as the drilling head 105. The inner side of the annular frame 401 is rectangular and has four cylinders 402 with openings at both ends. A rotary cover 403 is rotatably installed at both ends of each cylinder 402, and an arc tube 404 is installed between each adjacent two rotary covers 403. When air enters a certain arc tube 404, air enters each arc tube 404 and the cylinder 402 due to the connectivity, and each cylinder 402 can rotate relative to the rotary covers 403 at both ends.

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, two round rods 14 penetrating the mounting plate 101 are correspondingly installed on the side of the annular frame 401, and a limiting block 15 is installed at the end of each round rod 14 located above the mounting plate 101. The round rod 14 and the limiting block 15 can be used to fix the chip blowing mechanism 4 on the processing mechanism 1.

[0067] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a fixing rod 415 fixedly connected to the annular frame 401 is installed on the side of each arc tube 404, and an air nozzle 405 facing the center of the annular frame 401 is installed on the side of each cylinder 402. Each fixing rod 415 can be used to fix the corresponding arc tube 404 on the annular frame 401, and the cylinder 402 rotating in the same direction can drive the air nozzle 405 to rotate and change its direction.

[0068] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, a side tube 406 is installed on the outer side of the annular frame 401 on one side of each air nozzle 405, and a rubber piston 407 is slidably arranged in each side tube 406. An extension rod 408 is installed at the side center of each rubber piston 407. Gas enters the side tube 406 to push the rubber piston 407 to move, and the moving rubber piston 407 drives the extension rod 408 to move.

[0069] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the end of each extension rod 408 extends to the inner side of the annular frame 401 and is installed with a rack 411, and the side of each cylinder 402 is installed with a gear 410 meshing with the rack 411. The moving extension rod 408 drives the rack 411 to move, and the moving rack 411 can drive the cylinder 402 to rotate through the gear 410 meshing with it.

[0070] like Fig.11As shown, a spring 409 is provided inside each side tube 406 on one side of the rubber piston 407, and an external tube 414 is installed on the side of each side tube 406 on one side of the rubber piston 407. The moving rubber piston 407 can compress the extension rod 408. When the rubber piston 407 moves to the side of the external tube 414, the air entering the side tube 406 will be discharged from the external tube 414 and will not push the rubber piston 407 forward.

[0071] like Fig.10 As shown, two first three-way pipes 412 are installed at the ends of the four side tubes 406, and the two first three-way pipes 412 are connected with the two gas cylinders 501, and the connection is close to the lower end. A second three-way pipe 413 is installed on the side of one of the arc tubes 404, and the second three-way pipe 413 is connected with the two gas cylinders 501, and the connection is close to the upper end. When the gas injection piston 505 in the gas cylinder 501 rises, the air above the gas injection piston 505 can be injected into the arc tube 404 through the second three-way pipe 413. When the gas injection piston 505 descends, the air below can be injected into the four side tubes 406 through the two second three-way pipes 413.

[0072] In summary, the descending mounting plate 101 drives the chip blowing mechanism 4 to descend through the round rod 14 and the limit block 15 so that it falls on the annular pressure plate 903. At the same time, the descending mounting plate 101 drives the two gas injection pistons 505 to descend through the upper plate 16 and the four gas injection pistons 505. The descending gas injection pistons 505 inject the air below into the four side tubes 406 through the two first three-way pipes 412. The air entering the side tube 406 pushes the rubber piston 407 to move. The moving rubber piston 407 compresses the spring 409 and at the same time extends the extension rod 408 drives the rack 411 to move, and the moving rack 411 drives the gear 410 meshing with it to rotate, driving the cylinder 402 to rotate, thereby deflecting the air nozzle 405 so that it does not face the drilling head 105, thereby preventing dust and debris from falling on the air jet end of the air nozzle 405 during the hole drilling process. When the hole drilling is completed and stops descending, since no air enters the side cylinder 406, the spring 409 rebounds and drives the rubber piston 407 to restore its position, thereby driving the rack 411 to restore its position, and driving the air nozzle 405 to reverse and return to the center position.

[0073] When the mounting plate 101 rises, the two gas injection pistons 505 are driven to rise. The rising gas injection pistons 505 press the air above the gas injection pistons 505 in the gas cylinder 501 into the arc tube 404 through the second three-way pipe 413, and finally eject it from each air nozzle 405, thereby blowing away the waste chips remaining in the openings on the surfaces of the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 during their rising process.

[0074] like Figure 3 and Fig.13As shown, a fixing mechanism 9 is provided on the two second threaded seats 12, and the fixing mechanism 9 includes a step plate 901 installed on the two second threaded seats 12, and an annular pressure plate 903 is provided above the step plate 901. There is a height difference between the high and low surfaces of the step plate 901. After placing the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20, there will be a riveting gap in the riveting area. The annular pressure plate 903 can be used to press down the welding area of ​​the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20.

[0075] like Fig.13 As shown, a limiting plate 904 is installed on one side of the annular pressure plate 903, and side pressure plates 905 are installed on the other side of the annular pressure plate 903 and the side of the limiting plate 904. Two electric push rods 906 fixedly connected to the two side pressure plates 905 are correspondingly installed on the side of the step plate 901. A strip groove 902 is opened on the upper surface of the step plate 901 just below the annular pressure plate 903. The limiting plate 904 can be used to limit the intermediate layer plate 22 during the process of adding it to prevent it from deviating from the welding area. At the same time, the two shortened electric push rods 906 can drive the two side pressure plates 905 to descend to press down and fix the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20.

[0076] like Figure 14-16 As shown, a riveting mechanism 7 is provided on one side of the gas injection mechanism 5 on the main frame 8, and the riveting mechanism 7 includes a second C-shaped frame 701 installed on the upper side of the main frame 8, and two hydraulic rods 702 are correspondingly installed on the upper side of the second C-shaped frame 701, and the ends of the two hydraulic rods 702 pass through the second C-shaped frame 701 and are installed with a strip plate 703, and a number of evenly distributed stir friction riveting welding machine heads 704 are installed on the strip plate 703. When the hydraulic rod 702 is extended and all the stir friction riveting welding machine heads 704 are running, the extended hydraulic rod 702 drives the stir friction riveting welding machine heads 704 to descend and approach the aligned rivets 23, and at the same time, each running stir friction riveting welding machine head 704 drives its stirring head to rotate close to the rivet 23 for stir friction riveting.

[0077] Embodiment 2: Figure 3 and Fig.17 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, a cleaning mechanism 6 is further provided on the main frame 8 between the riveting mechanism 7 and the gas injection mechanism 5, and the cleaning mechanism 6 includes a first C-shaped frame 601 installed on the upper side of the main frame 8, and a lifting cylinder 602 is installed at the upper center of the first C-shaped frame 601. The telescopic arm of the lifting cylinder 602 passes through the first C-shaped frame 601 and is installed with a cross tube 603. The telescopic lifting cylinder 602 can drive the cross tube 603 to rise and fall so as to adjust its height.

[0078] like Fig.17As shown, a number of evenly distributed and downwardly facing nozzles 604 are installed on the side of the transverse pipe 603, a delivery pipe 605 is installed at one end of the transverse pipe 603, and a water tank 606 is installed on the lower side of the main frame 8 just below the lifting cylinder 602. Acetone is injected into the delivery pipe 605, and then it is split through the transverse pipe 603 and sprayed out by each nozzle 604. Acetone is sprayed in each prefabricated hole for cleaning, and then the acetone waste liquid flows into the water tank 606 from the lower port of the prefabricated hole.

[0079] In summary, when all the nozzles 604 are aligned with all the prefabricated holes on the plate, the lifting cylinder 602 extends to drive the horizontal tube 603 to descend, so that each nozzle 604 is close to the aligned prefabricated hole, and then acetone is injected into the delivery pipe 605, and then it is split through the horizontal tube 603 and sprayed out by each nozzle 604, and the acetone is sprayed in each prefabricated hole for cleaning. After that, the acetone waste liquid flows into the water tank 606 from the lower port of the prefabricated hole. After cleaning, each prefabricated hole can be blown dry.

[0080] The present application also discloses a metal stir friction riveting method, the operation steps of the method are as follows:

[0081] S1. Fix the plates; place the pre-cut aluminum plate 21 and steel plate 20 on the lower and upper surfaces of the step plate 901 respectively, and use two side pressure plates 905 to press down and fix the two. Specifically, place the aluminum plate 21 on the lower surface of the step plate 901, so that the riveted welding area is directly above the strip groove 902, and place the steel plate 20 on the upper surface of the step plate 901, and let the riveted welding area of ​​the steel plate 20 cover the riveted welding area of ​​the aluminum plate 21. Due to the height difference between the high and low surfaces of the step plate 901, there is a riveted welding gap in the riveted welding area of ​​the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20 (for the subsequent addition of the intermediate layer plate 22, the material of the intermediate layer plate 22 is preferably zn, AlSi12 and high entropy alloy), and then the two electric push rods 906 are shortened to drive the two side pressure plates 905 to descend to press down and fix the two, and let the annular pressure plate 903 press down the riveted welding area of ​​the two.

[0082] S2, add the middle layer plate 22, use the feeding mechanism 2 to add the middle layer plate 22 in the gap of the riveted area of ​​the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20, specifically, the two second motors 11 run to drive the two second screws 10 to rotate, drive the second threaded seat 12 to move and drive the fixing mechanism 9 to move until the two tracks 201 are aligned with the riveted welding gaps of the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20, and then the staff puts the pre-cut middle layer plate 22 on the track 201 with the slider 206, so that the middle layer plate 22 is between the push block 205 and the slider 206, and then the corresponding feeding cylinder 203 is shortened to drive the push block 205 to move and push the middle layer plate 22 to the riveted welding gap, and the moving middle layer plate 22 also pushes the slider 206 into the riveted welding gap, and the slider 206 is used to grind the riveted welding surface of the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20 until the middle layer plate 22 is completely pushed into the riveted gap, at which time the slider 206 is pushed out of the gap and falls onto another track 201, and the material adding is completed.

[0083] S3, prefabricated hole processing, using the processing mechanism 1 to process the prefabricated holes with internal threads in the riveting area of ​​the aluminum plate 21, the steel plate 20 and the middle layer plate 22. Specifically, the first motor 302 drives the first screw 303 to rotate, and the rotating first screw 303 drives the first threaded seat 304 to move, which can drive the processing mechanism 1 to move until the drilling head 105 is aligned with the riveting position, and the processing motor 102 drives the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 connected thereto to rotate, and then the processing cylinder 107 extends to drive the mounting plate 101 and its surface components to descend, and the rotating drilling head 105 is used to align the drilling head 105 with the riveting position. The aluminum plate 21, the middle layer plate 22 and the steel plate 20 directly below are drilled (a circular groove is pre-opened on the lower surface of the aluminum plate 21 directly below each hole opening position for forming a stepped hole with the prefabricated hole later), and then the tapping head 104 that continues to descend enters the drilled hole to tap the inner wall of the hole to form a prefabricated hole with an internal thread, and finally the file rod 103 that descends enters the prefabricated hole to grind the inner wall of the hole. After completion, the processing cylinder 107 is shortened to drive the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 to move out of the prefabricated hole, and the position of the processing mechanism 1 is changed by the moving mechanism 3 to open holes at the riveting position.

[0084] S4, dust removal, using the chip blowing mechanism 4 and the air injection mechanism 5 to blow away the dust generated by the opening of the surface of the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 when they are removed from the hole. Specifically, during the process of extending the processing cylinder 107 to open the hole, the descending mounting plate 101 presses down the four vertical rods 506 through the L-shaped connecting plate 19, the slide 18 and the upper plate 16, and then presses down the two air injection pistons 505, so that the air in the cylinder 501 is below the air injection piston 505 from the first three-way pipe 4. 12 is pressed out, and the outside air enters the air cylinder 501 through the upper tube 502 and is located above the air injection piston 505. When the processing cylinder 107 is shortened to drive the two air injection pistons 505 to rise, the air above the air injection pistons 505 in the air cylinder 501 is pressed into the arc tube 404 through the second three-way pipe 413, and finally ejected from each air nozzle 405, thereby blowing away the waste chips remaining in the openings on the surfaces of the file rod 103, the tapping head 104 and the drilling head 105 during their rising process, and cleaning their surfaces.

[0085] S5, prefabricated hole cleaning, use the cleaning mechanism 6 to clean the prefabricated holes of the aluminum plate 21, the steel plate 20 and the middle layer plate 22. Specifically, run the second motor 11 to drive the second screw 10 to rotate, and then drive the fixing mechanism 9 to move through the second threaded seat 12 until all the nozzles 604 are aligned with all the prefabricated holes on the plate, then the lifting cylinder 602 extends to drive the cross pipe 603 to descend, so that each nozzle 604 is close to the aligned prefabricated holes, and then acetone is injected into the conveying pipe 605, and then it is split through the cross pipe 603 and sprayed out by each nozzle 604, and the acetone sprayed in each prefabricated hole is cleaned, and then the acetone waste liquid flows into the water tank 606 from the lower port of the prefabricated hole. After cleaning, each prefabricated hole can be blown dry.

[0086] S6, riveting, inserting a rivet 23 with a thread on the outer surface into each prefabricated hole, and using the riveting mechanism 7 to rivet each rivet 23 to achieve riveting between the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20. Specifically, the second motor 11 drives the second screw 10 to rotate, and then drives the fixing mechanism 9 to move through the second threaded seat 12 until all the stir friction riveting welding heads 704 are aligned with all the prefabricated holes. Then the staff screws the rivet 23 from the bottom of each prefabricated hole. The outer surface of each rivet 23 is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the prefabricated hole, and is sanded and cleaned with acetone before being screwed in. When all the prefabricated holes are screwed into the rivets 23, the hydraulic rod 702 is extended and all the friction stir riveting welding heads 704 are in operation. The extended hydraulic rod 702 drives the friction stir riveting welding heads 704 to descend and approach the aligned rivets 23. At the same time, each operating friction stir riveting welding head 704 drives its stirring head to rotate. Each stirring head first contacts the upper surface of the aligned rivet 23 and rotates and presses down. After reaching the target downward pressure, the stirring head stays for 30 to 90 seconds. Then the hydraulic rod 702 is shortened to make the stirring head rotate back. After cooling to room temperature, a weld joint with a good mechanical-metallurgical connection is obtained, and the riveting is completed.

[0087] S7, structural restoration, remove the welded plate from the fixing mechanism 9 and restore the position of the fixing mechanism 9, and then proceed to the next processing. Specifically, when the welding of the aluminum plate 21 and the steel plate 20 is completed, the two electric push rods 906 extend to drive the side pressure plate 905 and the annular pressure plate 903 to rise to release the downward pressure on the plate, and then the welded plate can be removed from the fixing mechanism 9. After that, the two second motors 11 drive the second screw 10 to reverse, and then drive the second threaded seat 12 to move in the opposite direction, thereby driving the fixing mechanism 9 to restore its position, and then proceed to the next welding.

[0088] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects.

[0089] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A metal stir friction riveting device, comprising a rectangular main frame (8), two second motors (11) are correspondingly installed on the side of the main frame (8), a second screw (10) is installed at the driving end of each second motor (11) and the end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the main frame (8), each second screw (10) is provided with a second threaded seat (12), and a processing mechanism (1) is also provided above the main frame (8), characterized in that: The processing mechanism (1) comprises a mounting plate (101) arranged above the main frame (8), a processing motor (102) being mounted at the center of the upper side of the mounting plate (101), a driving end of the processing motor (102) passing through the mounting plate (101) and being mounted with a file rod (103), a tapping head (104) and a drilling head (105) which are fixedly connected at adjacent ends from top to bottom and are located at the same center of a circle; A feeding mechanism (2) is also provided above the main frame (8) on one side of the processing mechanism (1), the feeding mechanism (2) comprising two rails (201) mounted on the upper side of the main frame (8), a push block (205) being slidably disposed in each of the rails (201), a slider (206) having polishing paper mounted on the upper and lower surfaces being slidably disposed in one of the rails (201); A moving mechanism (3) is arranged on the upper side of the main frame (8) on the other side of the processing mechanism (1), and a gas injection mechanism (5) is arranged on the side of the moving mechanism (3). The gas injection mechanism (5) comprises two gas cylinders (501) mounted on the sides of two mounting seats (301), and each gas cylinder (501) is mounted on the side with an upper tube (502) and a lower tube (503) distributed vertically, and each of the upper tubes (502) and the lower tube (503) is provided with a one-way valve (504), and each gas cylinder (501) is slidably provided with a corresponding gas cylinder (504). Adaptive gas injection pistons (505), each of the gas injection pistons (505) having two vertical rods (506) extending to the outside of the gas cylinder (501) mounted on its upper surface; an upper plate (16) having a groove on its surface mounted on the upper ends of the four vertical rods (506); two slide rails (17) mounted on the inner side of the upper plate (16); a slide table (18) slidably mounted on the two slide rails (17); an L-shaped connecting plate (19) penetrating the L-shaped fixing plate (106) and fixedly connected to the mounting plate (101) is mounted on the side of the slide table (18); A chip blowing mechanism (4) is provided at the lower end of the drilling head (105), the chip blowing mechanism (4) comprising an annular frame (401) located directly below the drilling head (105) and having the same center as the drilling head (105), the inner side of the annular frame (401) being rectangular and having four cylinders (402) with openings at both ends, a rotary cover (403) being rotatably mounted at both ends of each cylinder (402), an arc tube (404) being mounted between each two adjacent rotary covers (403), and a gas nozzle (405) facing the center of the annular frame (401) being mounted on the side of each cylinder (402); Two round rods (14) penetrating the mounting plate (101) are correspondingly mounted on the side of the annular frame (401), and a limiting block (15) is mounted on the end of each round rod (14) located above the mounting plate (101); A side tube (406) is installed on the outer side of the annular frame (401) at one side of each air nozzle (405), a rubber piston (407) is slidably arranged in each side tube (406), an extension rod (408) is installed at the center of the side of each rubber piston (407), the end of each extension rod (408) extends to the inner side of the annular frame (401) and is installed with a rack (411), and a gear (410) meshing with the rack (411) is installed on the side of each cylinder (402); A spring (409) is provided inside each of the side tubes (406) on one side of the rubber piston (407). An external tube (414) is installed on the side of each of the side tubes (406) on one side of the rubber piston (407). Two first three-way tubes (412) are installed at the ends of the four side tubes (406). The two first three-way tubes (412) are connected to the two gas cylinders (501) and the connection is close to the lower end. A second three-way tube (413) is installed on the side of one of the arc tubes (404). The second three-way tube (413) is connected to the two gas cylinders (501) and the connection is close to the upper end. When the gas injection piston (505) in the gas cylinder (501) rises, the air above the gas injection piston (505) is injected into the arc tube (404) through the second three-way tube (413). When the gas injection piston (505) descends, the air below is injected into the four side tubes (406) through the two second three-way tubes (413).

2. A metal stir friction riveting welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) further comprises two groups of L-shaped mounting frames (207) mounted on the upper side of the main frame (8), a rectangular plate (202) being mounted on the upper side of each group of two L-shaped mounting frames (207), a feeding cylinder (203) being mounted on the side of each rectangular plate (202), a telescopic arm of each feeding cylinder (203) passing through the rectangular plate (202) and being mounted with a vertical plate (204), and each vertical plate (204) being fixedly connected to a push block (205) on the same side.

3. The metal stir friction riveting welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (3) comprises two mounting seats (301) mounted on the upper side of the main frame (8), wherein a first motor (302) is mounted on the side of one of the mounting seats (301), a driving end of the first motor (302) passes through the mounting seat (301) and is mounted with a first screw rod (303) whose end is rotatably connected to the other mounting seat (301), and a first threaded seat (304) is arranged on the first screw rod (303).

4. The metal stir friction riveting welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing mechanism (9) is provided on the two second threaded seats (12), and the fixing mechanism (9) comprises a step plate (901) mounted on the two second threaded seats (12), an annular pressure plate (903) is provided above the step plate (901), a limiting plate (904) is installed on one side of the annular pressure plate (903), and a side pressure plate (905) is installed on the other side of the annular pressure plate (903) and the side of the limiting plate (904), and two electric push rods (906) fixedly connected to the two side pressure plates (905) are correspondingly installed on the side of the step plate (901).

5. A metal stir friction riveting welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A riveting and welding mechanism (7) is arranged on one side of the gas injection mechanism (5) on the main frame (8), and the riveting and welding mechanism (7) comprises a second C-shaped frame (701) mounted on the upper side of the main frame (8), and two hydraulic rods (702) are correspondingly mounted on the upper side of the second C-shaped frame (701), and the ends of the two hydraulic rods (702) pass through the second C-shaped frame (701) and are mounted with a strip plate (703), and a plurality of evenly distributed stir friction riveting and welding machine heads (704) are mounted on the strip plate (703).

6. A metal stir friction riveting method, using the metal stir friction riveting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, plate fixing: placing the pre-cut aluminum plate and steel plate on the lower and upper surfaces of the step plate (901) respectively, and using two side pressure plates (905) to press down and fix the two; S2, adding an intermediate layer plate, using the feeding mechanism (2) to add an intermediate layer plate in the gap between the aluminum plate and the steel plate in the riveting area; S3, prefabricated hole processing, using the processing mechanism (1) to process the prefabricated holes with internal threads in the riveting area of ​​the aluminum plate, the steel plate and the intermediate layer plate; S4, dust removal, using the chip blowing mechanism (4) and the air injection mechanism (5) to blow away the dust generated by the opening of the holes on the surface of the file rod (103), the tapping head (104) and the drilling head (105) when they are removed from the hole; S5, prefabricated hole cleaning, using the cleaning mechanism (6) to clean the prefabricated holes of the aluminum plate, the steel plate and the intermediate layer plate; S6, riveting and welding, inserting a rivet with a threaded outer surface into each prefabricated hole, and using a riveting and welding mechanism (7) to perform riveting and welding on each rivet to achieve riveting between the aluminum plate and the steel plate; S7, structural restoration, removing the welded plate from the fixing mechanism (9) and restoring the position of the fixing mechanism (9) to proceed to the next processing.

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