Locating pin device with adjustable special machine position and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a special machine position-adjustable positioning pin device and a using method. The device comprises a fixing sleeve inserted into a clamp body of a special machine; the push-pull rod can be inserted into the fixing sleeve in an up-down sliding manner; a push-pull T-shaped groove is formed in the top end of the push-pull rod, and a push-pull T-shaped block corresponding to the push-pull T-shaped groove is arranged at the lower end of the positioning pin; the outer side of the positioning pin is sleeved with an adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected into the adjusting plate; the adjusting plate is connected with a support fixedly connected to the clamp body through a bolt, the two adjacent side faces of the adjusting plate correspond to the L-shaped support, and an adjusting gasket can be plugged between the adjusting plate and the support. The adjusting plate is mounted on the upper surface of the clamp body through a bolt; the upper end of the fixing sleeve and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve are provided with a first stepped hole and a second stepped hole respectively. According to the adjustable positioning pin device, the problem that the position of the positioning pin of a special machine clamp is difficult to adjust can be well solved, the adjusting precision is high, the operation is simple and convenient, and the maintenance cost of the special machine is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A special machine is a machine tool that is specially suitable for processing a certain part or a specific process, and is often an indispensable machine tool in the automatic production line manufacturing system. A special machine is a special equipment used for batch processing of mechanical parts. The parts are generally positioned on the special machine using a one-side two-pin method. For small parts, a fixed positioning pin device can be used, but for large parts such as diesel engine bodies, the weight is as small as hundreds of kilograms and as large as several tons. If a fixed positioning pin is used, it is very easy to cause the positioning pin to break, so a plug-in positioning pin device is often used.

[0003] The so-called one side and two pins refers to the positioning reference surface, and the two pins refer to a round pin and a diamond pin. In order to ensure the positioning accuracy of the parts, the coordinate dimension accuracy between the two pins is required to be high. The coordinate dimension is divided into two dimensions, longitudinal and transverse. If the longitudinal dimension is out of tolerance, it often causes difficulties in the installation of parts. If the transverse dimension is out of tolerance, it will seriously affect the positioning accuracy of the parts. For the diesel engine body shaft hole special machine, it will cause the transverse coordinate position of the body crankshaft hole or cylinder hole to be out of tolerance, which will seriously affect the working performance of the diesel engine.

[0004] Usually, the coordinate accuracy of the positioning pins of the special machine fixture is very high during the installation and debugging process of the manufacturer, which can ensure the precision requirements of the parts processing. However, during the long-term service of the special machine, due to the impact of various factors such as the collision between the parts and the special machine, the deformation of the special machine components, etc., the coordinate accuracy of the positioning pins often exceeds the tolerance, and the special machine needs to be repaired.

[0005] For fixed locating pins, it is relatively easy to repair, just need to correct the coordinates of the locating pin hole on the clamp body. However, there are two types of plug-in locating pin devices: manual and automatic. No matter which type of device is used, a transmission mechanism is used to transmit power to the locating pin to achieve linear reciprocating motion of the locating pin along the axis. Therefore, many parts are involved in maintenance, and the cost is very high.

[0006] Of course, for plug-in locating pin devices whose lateral coordinate dimensions are out of tolerance only, the positions of other corresponding devices of the special machine can also be adjusted to ensure the lateral coordinate dimensions of the locating pin. For example, for the machine body shaft hole special machine, the position of the shaft hole boring bar guide mechanism can be adjusted. However, compared with the former, maintenance involves more parts, a greater workload, and higher costs.

[0007] At present, many attempts have been made in the field of machine tool fixture design to adjust the position of the fixture locating pin. For example, the invention patent with application number 201620922120.1, "Split adjustable locating pin mechanism for machine tool fixture", can adjust the position of the locating pin, but its adjustment mechanism is set on the end face of the pin shaft. This adjustment structure has poor rigidity, and the coordinates of the locating pin are prone to change in actual long-term use, thereby affecting the accuracy of its coordinate size.

[0008] Another example is the invention patent "Adjustable locating pin mechanism" with application number 201310543369.2. The patented adjustable locating pin mechanism can stably and reliably adjust the position of the locating pin, and the adjustment structure has good rigidity and excellent precision retention. However, due to structural limitations, it is only applicable to fixed locating pins and cannot be used for plug-in locating pin devices. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device and a use method, which aims to simultaneously meet the three functions of plug-in positioning pins, good rigidity and not easy to deform, and adjustable position, meet the needs of special machine processing parts, have high adjustment accuracy, simple operation, and effectively reduce the maintenance cost of special machines.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device, comprising a fixing sleeve vertically inserted on the clamping body of the special machine; a push-pull rod can be slidably inserted in the fixing sleeve up and down, and its lower end is used to connect the driving mechanism to drive the push-pull rod to move up and down; a push-pull T-shaped slot is provided at the top of the push-pull rod, and a push-pull T-shaped block corresponding to the push-pull T-shaped slot is provided at the lower end of the positioning pin, which is used for the push-pull rod and the positioning pin to be clamped; that is, the push-pull T-shaped block is embedded in the push-pull T-shaped slot; an adjustment sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning pin, and the adjustment sleeve is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate; the adjustment plate is connected to the bracket fixedly connected to the clamping body by horizontal bolts, and the adjacent two side surfaces of the adjustment plate correspond to the L-shaped bracket, which is used to insert an adjustment gasket between the adjustment plate and the bracket; the adjustment plate is installed on the upper surface of the clamping body by vertical bolts; the upper end of the fixing sleeve and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve are respectively provided with a first step hole and a second step hole.

[0011] As a further optimization, the upper end of the fixing sleeve and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve abut against the upper surface of the clamp body.

[0012] As a further optimization, the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected in the clamp body; the push-pull rod and the fixed sleeve, the positioning pin and the adjustment sleeve are clearance-fitted, and the push-pull T-slot and the push-pull T-block are clearance-fitted.

[0013] As a further optimization, a guide pin is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning pin, and the guide pin is inserted into a waist-shaped hole preset on the side wall of the adjustment sleeve, so that the guide pin slides in the waist-shaped hole when the positioning pin moves up and down.

[0014] As a further optimization, the top end of the positioning pin extends out of the adjustment sleeve and is fixed with a cylindrical or diamond-shaped pin head.

[0015] As a further optimization, a protective cover is fixedly connected to the top end of the adjustment sleeve, and the pin head extends out from a through hole preset in the center of the protective cover.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for using a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device, using the special machine position adjustable positioning pin device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Detect the position of the positioning pin and record the deviation values ​​of the positioning pin in the x and y directions respectively; set the new thickness of the adjustment gasket according to the deviation values;

[0018] S2: Release the bolt connection between the adjustment plate and the clamp body and between the bracket and the adjustment plate, and remove the original adjustment gasket;

[0019] S3: inserting the adjustment gasket of the new thickness into the gap between the adjustment plate and the bracket, and then mounting the adjustment plate on the upper surface of the clamp body by bolts, but not tightening the bolts; connecting the adjustment plate and the bracket by bolts, but not tightening the bolts;

[0020] S4: Pre-tighten the bolts connecting the adjusting plate and the bracket first, and then pre-tighten the bolts connecting the adjusting plate and the clamping body;

[0021] S5: Tighten the bolts connecting the adjusting plate and the bracket; then tighten the bolts connecting the adjusting plate and the clamping body;

[0022] S6: Check the positioning pin position again. If the positioning pin position is still unqualified, repeat steps S1 to S5 until the positioning pin position is qualified.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the adjustable positioning pin device of the present invention can well solve the problem of difficulty in adjusting the position of the positioning pin of the special machine fixture, has high adjustment accuracy, is easy to operate, and effectively reduces the maintenance cost of the special machine. The position-adjustable positioning pin device of the special machine not only solves the position adjustment problem of the plug-in positioning pin device, but also has a stable structure, is not easy to deform during use, and has good positioning accuracy retention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a position-adjustable positioning pin device for a dedicated machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0026] In the figure: 1, push-pull rod, 2, fixing sleeve, 3, clamp body, 4, adjustment plate, 5, first clamping screw, 6, positioning pin, 7, adjustment sleeve, 8, protective cover, 9, guide pin, 10, bracket, 11, second clamping screw, 12, first adjusting gasket, 13, second adjusting gasket, 14, pin, 15, first adjusting screw, 16, second adjusting screw, 17, push-pull T-slot, 18, first step hole, 61, push-pull T-block, 72, waist-shaped hole, 71, second step hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0028] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device and a use method, the device comprises a push-pull rod 1, a fixing sleeve 2, a positioning pin 6, an adjusting sleeve 7, an adjusting plate 4, a first clamping screw 5, a second clamping screw 11, a bracket 10, a first adjusting gasket 12, a second adjusting gasket 13, a first adjusting screw 15, a second adjusting screw 16, a protective cover 8, a guide pin 9, a pin 14 and the like.

[0029] The fixing sleeve 2 is interference-mounted on the special machine clamp body 3, and its upper end surface is kept slightly lower than the upper plane of the clamp body 3. The upper end of the inner hole of the fixing sleeve 2 has a first step hole 18 with a diameter larger than the inner hole.

[0030] The push-pull rod 1 is a cylinder, which is installed in the fixing sleeve 2 and has a clearance fit with the fixing sleeve 2. The lower end of the push-pull rod 1 is connected to a special machine positioning pin insertion and extraction mechanism, and a push-pull T-shaped groove 17 is arranged on the upper end surface of the push-pull rod 1 in the transverse direction.

[0031] The adjustment plate 4 is a cube with a cylindrical hole in the center and screw holes in the four corners. The adjustment plate 4 can be fixed on the special machine clamping base 3 by four first clamping screws 5. Threaded holes are processed on two mutually perpendicular sides of the adjustment plate 4.

[0032] The adjusting sleeve 7 is installed in the cylindrical hole at the center of the adjusting plate 4 and ensures that its lower end face is slightly lower than the lower end face of the adjusting plate 4, and is integrated with the adjusting plate 4 by welding. The lower end of the inner hole of the adjusting sleeve 7 has a second step hole 71 with a diameter larger than the inner hole, and one side of the adjusting sleeve 7 is processed with a waist-shaped hole 72 along the normal direction and parallel to the axial direction.

[0033] The positioning pin 6 is a cylinder, and the upper end of the cylinder is a positioning round pin or diamond pin structure that is integrated with the cylinder. The lower end surface of the cylinder is provided with a push-pull T-shaped block 61 that is integrated with the cylinder in the transverse direction. The positioning pin 6 is installed in the adjustment sleeve 7 and is matched with the inner hole of the adjustment sleeve 7 with a small gap, and the push-pull T-shaped block 61 is matched with the push-pull T-shaped groove 17 on the upper end surface of the push-pull rod 1 and is matched with a large gap. The guide pin 9 passes through the waist-shaped hole 72 on the adjustment sleeve 7 and is installed on the positioning pin 6 with interference fit. The protective cover 8 passes through the positioning pin 6 and is installed on the end surface of the adjustment sleeve 7.

[0034] The bracket 10 is an L-shaped member with a rectangular cross section, and a threaded hole is processed on two mutually perpendicular planes along the outer side of the L-shaped member. The bracket 10 is positioned by two pins 14 and fixed to the special machine clamp body 3 by three second clamping screws 11.

[0035] A first adjusting gasket 12 and a second adjusting gasket 13 are installed between two mutually perpendicular planes on the inner side of the L-shape of the bracket 10 and two mutually perpendicular side surfaces of the adjusting plate 4 .

[0036] The adjustment plate 4 is fastened to the bracket 10 by a first adjustment screw 15 and a second adjustment screw 16 installed on the outer side of the bracket 10 .

[0037] The present invention provides a method for adjusting a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device: using the bracket 10 as the positioning reference, adjusting the thickness of the first adjusting gasket 12 and the second adjusting gasket 13 respectively according to the actual situation of the positioning pin 6 position deviation (i.e. grinding the adjusting gasket to reduce its thickness or padding a certain thickness of copper to increase its thickness) to restore the positioning pin 6 position accuracy. The specific method is as follows:

[0038] S1: Detect the position of the positioning pin 6, and record the deviation values ​​of the positioning pin in the x and y directions respectively; if the deviation value is a positive value, the value is the thickness value of the first adjustment gasket 12 or the second adjustment gasket 13 to be ground; if the deviation value is a negative number, the absolute value of the value is the thickness value of the copper sheet to be prepared. Prepare the adjustment gasket of new thickness according to the deviation value;

[0039] S2: Loosen the four first clamping screws 5, remove the first adjusting screw 15 and the second adjusting screw 16, and take out the first adjusting gasket 12 and the second adjusting gasket 13;

[0040] S3: Install the first adjusting gasket 12 and the second adjusting gasket 13 to the original position of the positioning pin device (if necessary, pad the adjusting gasket with copper sheet), and then install the first adjusting screw 15 and the second adjusting screw 16 respectively;

[0041] S4: Pre-tighten the first adjusting screw 15 first, then pre-tighten the second adjusting screw 16, and finally pre-tighten the four first clamping screws 5;

[0042] S5: Tighten the first adjusting screw 15, the second adjusting screw 16, and the four first clamping screws 5 in sequence according to step S4;

[0043] S6: Check the position of the positioning pin 6 again. If the position of the positioning pin 6 is still unqualified, repeat the above steps until the position of the positioning pin 6 is qualified.

[0044] Among them, in the exemplary adjustment gasket processing method in step S1, if the x or y direction deviation value of the locating pin 6 is a positive value, the first adjustment gasket 12 or the second adjustment gasket 13 is processed by a surface grinder according to the grinding amount. If the x or y direction deviation value of the locating pin 6 is a negative value, a copper sheet of corresponding thickness is prepared.

[0045] It can be seen that the adjustable positioning pin device of the present invention can well solve the problem of difficulty in adjusting the position of the positioning pin of the special machine fixture, has high adjustment accuracy, is easy to operate, and effectively reduces the maintenance cost of the special machine. The position adjustable positioning pin device of the special machine not only solves the position adjustment problem of the plug-in positioning pin device, but also has a stable structure, is not easy to deform during use, and has good positioning accuracy retention.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special machine position adjustable positioning pin device, comprising a fixing sleeve (2) vertically inserted into a clamping body (3) of the special machine; a push-pull rod (1) can be inserted into the fixing sleeve (2) in a sliding manner up and down, and its lower end is used to connect a driving mechanism to drive the push-pull rod (1) to move up and down; characterized in that: A push-pull T-shaped groove (17) is provided at the top end of the push-pull rod (1), and a corresponding push-pull T-shaped block (61) is provided at the lower end of the positioning pin (6) for clamping the push-pull rod (1) with the positioning pin (6); an adjustment sleeve (7) is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning pin (6), and the adjustment sleeve (7) is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate (4); the adjustment plate (4) is connected to a bracket (10) fixedly connected to the clamp body (3) by horizontal bolts, and the two adjacent side surfaces of the adjustment plate (4) correspond to the L-shaped bracket (10) so that an adjustment gasket can be inserted between the adjustment plate (4) and the bracket (10); the adjustment plate (4) is installed on the upper surface of the clamp body (3) by vertical bolts; The upper end of the fixing sleeve (2) and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve (7) are respectively provided with a first step hole (18) and a second step hole (71).

2. A special machine position adjustable positioning pin device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the fixing sleeve (2) and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve (7) abut against the upper surface of the clamp body (3).

3. The position-adjustable positioning pin device for a special machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (2) is fixedly connected in the clamp body (3); the push-pull rod (1) and the fixing sleeve (2), the positioning pin (6) and the adjustment sleeve (7), and the push-pull T-shaped slot (17) and the push-pull T-shaped block (61) are all clearance-fitted.

4. The position-adjustable positioning pin device for a special machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide pin (9) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning pin (6), and the guide pin (9) is inserted into a waist-shaped hole (72) preset on the side wall of the adjustment sleeve (7) so as to slide the guide pin (9) in the waist-shaped hole (72) when the positioning pin (6) moves up and down.

5. The position-adjustable positioning pin device for a special machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the positioning pin (6) extends out of the adjusting sleeve (7) and is fixed with a cylindrical or diamond-shaped pin head.

6. A special machine position adjustable positioning pin device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the adjusting sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with a protective cover (8), and the pin head extends out from a through hole preset in the center of the protective cover (8).

7. A method for using a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device, characterized in that: Using a special machine position adjustable positioning pin device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: S1: Detect the position of the positioning pin (6), and record the deviation values ​​of the positioning pin (6) in the x and y directions respectively; and set a new thickness of the adjustment gasket according to the deviation values; S2: Release the bolt connection between the adjustment plate (4) and the clamp body (3) and between the bracket (10) and the adjustment plate (4), and remove the original adjustment gasket; S3: inserting an adjustment gasket of a new thickness into the gap between the adjustment plate (4) and the bracket (10), and then mounting the adjustment plate (4) on the upper surface of the clamp body (3) by means of bolts, but without tightening the bolts; and connecting the adjustment plate (4) and the bracket (10) by means of bolts, but without tightening the bolts; S4: first pre-tighten the bolts connecting the adjustment plate (4) and the bracket (10); then pre-tighten the bolts connecting the adjustment plate (4) and the clamp body (3); S5: Tighten the bolts connecting the adjustment plate (4) and the bracket (10); then tighten the bolts connecting the adjustment plate (4) and the clamp body (3); S6: Check the position of the positioning pin (6) again. If the position of the positioning pin (6) is still unqualified, repeat steps S1 to S5 until the position of the positioning pin (6) is qualified.

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