Grinding method and grinding tool for multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bush

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and relates to a grinding method and a grinding tool for a multi-ring-groove stepped hole type bush. The device comprises a grinding headstock, a coaxiality grinding sleeve, a large hole grinding sleeve and a root grinding sleeve, a grinding rod is detachably and fixedly connected to the grinding headstock, and the grinding rod serves as a mounting carrier of the grinding sleeve. And the coaxiality grinding sleeve, the large-hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve share the same grinding rod, so that the grinding precision of the bushing is improved. The large hole grinding sleeve is used for finely grinding the L1 section and the L2 section of the large hole of the bushing, and the root grinding sleeve is used for finely grinding the L3 section of the large hole of the bushing. The large-hole coaxial grinding section is used for rough grinding of a large hole of the bushing, the small-hole coaxial grinding section is used for rough grinding and fine grinding of a small hole of the bushing, and the large-hole coaxial grinding section and the small-hole coaxial grinding section work simultaneously and are coaxially arranged so as to ensure the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing. According to the grinding device, the grinding precision of the multi-ring-groove stepped hole type lining can be ensured, and the smooth and sharp edge requirements of parts can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and relates to a grinding method and a grinding tool for a multi-ring groove step hole type bushing. Background Art

[0002] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-groove stepped hole high-precision bushing shown in the figure is made of 440C material. After quenching, its hardness is as high as HRC58~64. The diameters of φ11+0.010 hole and φ31.75+0.0120 hole are quite different. Finally, it is necessary to ensure that the coaxiality of the two holes is φ0.01mm, the roughness of the two holes is Ra0.1, the cylindricity of the two holes is 0.002mm, all the smooth and sharp edges at the intersection with the φ31.75 hole are R0.05max, and the sizes of L1, L2 and L3 sections of the φ31.75 hole are consistent, that is, it is necessary to ensure that the size tolerance of the φ31.75+0.0120 hole is 0.012mm, the cylindricity is 0.002mm, and the roughness is Ra0.1.

[0003] Since the large hole of the bushing is a blind hole structure with three inner ring grooves, the hole will be unevenly ground when the general C-type grinding sleeve and grinding method are used, resulting in inconsistent sizes of the L1, L2 and L3 sections of the large hole of the bushing, making it difficult to ensure the precision requirements of the dimensional tolerance, cylindricity and roughness of the large hole of the bushing; and during grinding, the edges of the inner ring grooves and the edges at the junction of the step holes are prone to collapse, making it difficult to ensure the requirements of smooth and sharp edges, resulting in a high scrap rate of the parts, difficulty in delivery, and a large waste of production resources.

[0004] In summary, for the processing of multi-groove stepped hole bushings, the existing grinding methods and devices cannot meet the precision requirements of the parts, and it is difficult to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the parts, resulting in a high scrap rate of the parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grinding method and grinding tool for a multi-groove step hole type bushing, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing grinding methods and devices for multi-groove step hole type bushings cannot meet the precision requirements of parts, it is difficult to ensure the requirements of smooth and sharp edges, resulting in a high scrap rate. The present invention can ensure the grinding accuracy of multi-groove step hole type bushings and can ensure the requirements of smooth and sharp edges of parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a grinding device for a multi-ring groove step hole bushing, comprising a grinding head, a coaxial grinding sleeve, a large hole grinding sleeve and a root grinding sleeve, wherein the grinding head is detachably fixedly connected to a grinding rod, the coaxial grinding sleeve, the large hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve can all be sleeved on the grinding rod, and only one of the coaxial grinding sleeve, the large hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve is sleeved on the grinding rod at a time; The coaxiality grinding sleeve is provided with a large-hole coaxial grinding section and a small-hole coaxial grinding section, and the large-hole coaxial grinding section and the small-hole coaxial grinding section are coaxially arranged.

[0007] Furthermore, a clamping connection portion is provided on the grinding rod, and the grinding head is clamped and connected to the clamping connection portion by a three-jaw chuck.

[0008] Furthermore, an empty tool groove is provided between the large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section, and the width of the empty tool groove is 2 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the grinding diameter of the small hole coaxial grinding section is 11 mm, and the length of the small hole coaxial grinding section is 16.5 mm; the grinding diameter of the large hole coaxial grinding section is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large hole coaxial grinding section is 43.5 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the large-hole coaxial grinding section is provided with an L1L2 grinding section and an L3 grinding section, the L1L2 grinding section and the L3 grinding section have the same diameter, and an annular groove is provided on the large-hole coaxial grinding section, and the annular groove is located between the L1L2 grinding section and the L3 grinding section; The total length of the L1 section, the L2 section and the portion between the L1 section and the L2 section of the multi-annular groove step hole bushing is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section.

[0011] Furthermore, the large-hole grinding sleeve is provided with a L1L2 fine grinding section and a first positioning surface, the distance between the L1L2 fine grinding section and the first positioning surface is 19 mm, the grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding section is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding section is 24.5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the root grinding sleeve is provided with an L3 fine grinding section and a second positioning surface, the L3 fine grinding section is adjacent to the second positioning surface, the grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding section is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section is greater than the length of the L3 section.

[0013] Based on the above structure, the present invention discloses a grinding method for a multi-ring groove step hole type bushing, using a grinding device for a multi-ring groove step hole type bushing, comprising the following steps: The large and small bushing holes are preliminarily ground using a coordinate grinder. The preliminarily grinding of the large and small bushing holes is completed in one clamping process. Coaxial rough grinding: put the coaxial grinding sleeve on the grinding rod, fix the grinding rod on the output end of the grinding head, use the large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section to roughly grind the large hole and small hole of the bushing, and use W10 white corundum grinding paste during the grinding process; Fine grinding of bushing small holes: Use W7 white corundum grinding paste and small hole coaxial grinding section to fine grind bushing small holes; Lapping the large hole L1 and L2 sections of the bushing: put the large hole grinding sleeve on the grinding rod, fix the grinding rod on the output end of the grinding head, use W7 white corundum grinding paste and large hole grinding sleeve to lapping the large hole L1 and L2 sections of the bushing; Lapping the large hole L3 section of the bushing: put the root grinding sleeve on the grinding rod, fix the grinding rod on the output end of the grinding head, use W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve to lapping the large hole L3 section of the bushing; Use 1000# polishing paper to manually polish the large hole of the bushing.

[0014] Furthermore, the coordinate grinder is used to perform preliminary grinding on the large hole and the small hole of the bushing, as follows: Use a coordinate grinder to perform preliminary grinding on the large and small holes of the bushing and reserve a set processing allowance. The cylindricity of the two holes is processed to within 0.008mm, the coaxiality is processed to within φ0.006mm, and the roughness is processed to within Ra0.8.

[0015] Furthermore, during the coaxial rough grinding, the spindle speed is 250 to 400 r / min. After the rough grinding is completed, the taper of the large hole of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.005mm, leaving a margin of 0.02mm for fine grinding; the taper of the small hole of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.002mm, leaving a margin of 0.01mm for fine grinding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention includes a grinding lathe, a coaxial grinding sleeve, a large hole grinding sleeve and a root grinding sleeve. The grinding lathe is detachably fixedly connected to a grinding rod. The grinding rod serves as a mounting carrier of the grinding sleeve, transmits grinding force and drives the grinding sleeve to perform grinding work. Only one of the coaxial grinding sleeve, large hole grinding sleeve and root grinding sleeve is mounted on the grinding rod at a time, that is, the coaxial grinding sleeve, large hole grinding sleeve and root grinding sleeve share the same grinding rod, which is conducive to ensuring that the positioning accuracy remains unchanged and improving the grinding accuracy of the bushing. The large hole grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of the L1 and L2 sections of the large hole of the bushing, and the root grinding sleeve is used for fine grinding of the L3 section of the large hole of the bushing. The large hole coaxial grinding section is used for rough grinding of the large hole of the bushing, and the small hole coaxial grinding section is used for rough grinding and fine grinding of the small hole of the bushing. The large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section work simultaneously and are coaxially arranged to ensure the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing. The present invention can ensure the grinding accuracy of the multi-groove step hole bushing by coaxial rough grinding of the large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section, and fine grinding of the small hole coaxial grinding section, the large hole grinding sleeve and the root grinding sleeve. At the same time, the large hole of the bushing is ground in sections to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the parts.

[0017] 2. The total length of the L1 section, L2 section and the portion between the L1 section and L2 section of the bushing of the present invention is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the edges of the inner ring grooves of the L1 section and the L2 section and the edges at the intersection of the step hole.

[0018] 3. The working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section of the present invention is greater than the length of the L3 section, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the edge at the intersection of the inner ring groove edge of the L3 section and the step hole.

[0019] 4. The first positioning surface of the present invention fits with the connecting surface of the large hole of the bushing and the small hole of the bushing. The first positioning surface is used for positioning the L1L2 fine grinding section to ensure the grinding accuracy of the L1 section and the L2 section.

[0020] 5. The second positioning surface of the present invention fits with the connecting surface of the large hole of the bushing and the small hole of the bushing, and the second positioning surface is used to ensure the accuracy of the grinding of the L3 section.

[0021] 6. The method of the present invention utilizes a coordinate grinder to perform preliminary grinding on the large hole and the small hole of the bushing. The preliminary grinding of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing is completed in one clamping process; ensuring the size accuracy and shape accuracy of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing, which is beneficial to improving the coaxiality of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing. Coaxial rough grinding: The coaxiality grinding sleeve is mounted on the grinding rod, and the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding lathe. The large hole coaxial grinding section and the small hole coaxial grinding section are used to roughly grind the large hole and the small hole of the bushing. During the grinding process, W10 white corundum grinding paste is used to quickly remove the larger uneven parts on the surface of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing, thereby improving the grinding efficiency; fine grinding of the small hole of the bushing: W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section are used to fine grind the small hole of the bushing, thereby further improving the surface roughness and size accuracy of the small hole of the bushing; fine grinding of the large hole L1 section and L2 section of the bushing: The large hole grinding sleeve is mounted on the grinding rod, and the grinding rod is fixed on the grinding lathe. At the output end of the grinding lathe, W7 white corundum grinding paste and large-hole grinding sleeve are used to grind the L1 and L2 sections of the bushing large hole, further improving the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the L1 and L2 sections; grinding the L3 section of the bushing large hole: the root grinding sleeve is set on the grinding rod, and the grinding rod is fixed on the output end of the grinding lathe, and W7 white corundum grinding paste and root grinding sleeve are used to grind the L3 section of the bushing large hole, further improving the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the L3 section; the bushing large hole is manually polished with 1000# polishing paper to further remove tiny scratches and burrs on the surface, and improve the surface gloss and finish of the bushing large hole. The method of the present invention is combined with a grinding device for a multi-ring groove step hole bushing, and the grinding accuracy of the multi-ring groove step hole bushing is guaranteed by a segmented grinding method, and the requirements for the smooth and sharp edges of the parts are guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a diagram illustrating the structural parameters of the bushing part to be processed; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bushing part to be processed; Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the coaxial grinding sleeve structure of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 a is a schematic diagram of the coaxial grinding sleeve structure. Figure 3 b is the left view of the coaxial grinding sleeve; Figure 3 c is Figure 3 Enlarged view of point I in a; Figure 3 d is Figure 3 Enlarged view of point II in a; Figure 3 e is Figure 3 Enlarged view of point III in a; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coaxial grinding sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the φ11 grinding ring parts drawing; among them, Figure 5a is the main view of the φ11 grinding ring part. Figure 5 b is the left view of the φ11 grinding ring part; Figure 6 This is the φ31.75 grinding ring parts drawing; among them, Figure 6 a is the main view of the φ31.75 grinding ring part. Figure 6 b is the left view of the φ31.75 grinding ring part; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grinding rod of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the macroporous grinding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 a is the front view of the large hole grinding sleeve; Figure 8 b is the left view of the large hole grinding sleeve; Figure 8 c is Figure 8 The enlarged view of point IV in a; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the root grinding sleeve of the present invention; Fig. 9 a is the front view of the root grinding sleeve; Fig. 9 b is the left view of the root grinding sleeve; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coaxial grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of assembling the large-hole grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the root grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention; Fig.13 The present invention is a flow chart of the method.

[0023] Among them: Among them: 1. Large hole of bushing; 1-1. L1 section; 1-2. L2 section; 1-3. L3 section; 2. Small hole of bushing; 3. Coaxial grinding sleeve; 3-1. Empty knife groove; 3-2. Annular groove; 3-3. L3 grinding section; 3-4. Small hole coaxial grinding section; 3-5. L1L2 grinding section; 3-6. Large hole coaxial grinding section; 4. Large hole grinding sleeve; 4-1. L1L2 fine grinding section; 4-2. First positioning surface; 5. Root grinding sleeve; 5-1. L3 fine grinding section; 5-2. Second positioning surface; 6. Grinding rod; 6-1. Clamping connection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The present invention discloses a grinding device for a multi-ring groove step hole bushing, comprising a grinding head, a coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, a large hole grinding sleeve 4 and a root grinding sleeve 5, see Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial grinding sleeve structure of the present invention, see Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the macroporous grinding sleeve of the present invention, see Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the root grinding sleeve of the present invention. The grinding head is used to provide the power required for grinding. The grinding head can be detachably fixedly connected to the grinding rod 6. The grinding rod 6 serves as the mounting carrier of the grinding sleeve, transmits the grinding force and drives the grinding sleeve to perform grinding. The coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 can all be mounted on the grinding rod 6. Only one of the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 is mounted on the grinding rod 6 at a time, that is, the coaxiality grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 share the same grinding rod 6, which is conducive to ensuring that the positioning accuracy remains unchanged and improving the grinding accuracy of the bushing. See Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coaxial grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of assembling the large-hole grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention; Fig.12 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the root grinding sleeve and the grinding rod of the present invention. The large hole grinding sleeve 4 is used for fine grinding of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the root grinding sleeve 5 is used for fine grinding of the L3 section 1-3 of the large hole 1 of the bushing.

[0027] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4The coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is provided with a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, which are coaxially arranged. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is used for rough grinding of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is used for rough grinding and fine grinding of the small hole 2 of the bushing. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 work simultaneously to ensure the coaxiality of the inner surface of the bushing.

[0028] The present invention can ensure the grinding accuracy of the multi-groove step hole bushing by coaxial rough grinding of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and fine grinding of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5. At the same time, the large hole 1 of the bushing is ground in sections to ensure the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the parts.

[0029] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 This embodiment discloses a grinding device for a multi-ring groove step hole bushing, comprising a grinding head, a coaxial grinding sleeve 3, a large hole grinding sleeve 4 and a root grinding sleeve 5, wherein the grinding head is detachably fixedly connected to a grinding rod 6, wherein the coaxial grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 can all be sleeved on the grinding rod 6, and only one of the coaxial grinding sleeve 3, the large hole grinding sleeve 4 and the root grinding sleeve 5 is sleeved on the grinding rod 6 at a time; See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is provided with a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are coaxially arranged.

[0030] Preferably, see Figure 7 The grinding rod 6 is provided with a clamping connection part 6-1, and the grinding head is clamped and connected to the clamping connection part 6-1 by a three-jaw chuck.

[0031] Preferably, see Figure 4 An empty knife groove 3-1 is provided between the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the width of the empty knife groove 3-1 is 2mm. An annular groove is provided between the L3 section 1-3 on the multi-ring groove step hole bushing and the bushing small hole 2, and the empty knife groove 3-1 corresponds to the annular groove there.

[0032] Preferably, see Figure 3 The grinding diameter of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 11 mm, the length of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 16.5 mm, the grinding diameter of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 is 43.5 mm.

[0033] Preferably, the large-hole coaxial grinding segment 3-6 is provided with an L1L2 grinding segment 3-5 and an L3 grinding segment 3-3, the L1L2 grinding segment 3-5 and the L3 grinding segment 3-3 have the same diameter, and the large-hole coaxial grinding segment 3-6 is provided with an annular groove 3-2, and the annular groove 3-2 is located between the L1L2 grinding segment 3-5 and the L3 grinding segment 3-3; Preferably, the total length of the L1 section 1-1, L2 section 1-2 and the part between L1 section 1-1L2 section 1-2 of the bushing is less than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section 3-5, which is beneficial to ensuring the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the parts L1 section 1-1 and L2 section 1-2, that is, it is beneficial to ensuring the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the edges of the inner ring grooves of the L1 section 1-1 and L2 section 1-2 and the edges of the step holes at the intersection.

[0034] Preferably, see Figure 3 The width of the annular groove 3-2 is 10 mm, the working surface length of the L1L2 grinding segment 3-5 is 23.3 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 grinding segment 3-3 is 10.2 mm.

[0035] Preferably, see Figure 8 The large hole grinding sleeve 4 is provided with an L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 and a first positioning surface 4-2. When the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is grinding, the first positioning surface 4-2 fits with the connecting surface of the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2. The first positioning surface 4-2 is used for positioning the L1L2 fine grinding section 4-1 to ensure the grinding accuracy of the L1 section 1-1 and the L2 section 1-2.

[0036] Preferably, see Figure 8 The distance between the L1L2 fine grinding segment 4-1 and the first positioning surface 4-2 is 19 mm, the grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding segment 4-1 is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding segment 4-1 is 24.5 mm.

[0037] Preferably, see Fig. 9 The root grinding sleeve 5 is provided with an L3 fine grinding section 5-1 and a second positioning surface 5-2. The L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is adjacent to the second positioning surface 5-2. The second positioning surface 5-2 fits the connecting surface of the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2. The second positioning surface 5-2 is used to ensure the accuracy of the grinding of the L3 section 1-3. The working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section 5-1 is greater than the length of the L3 section 1-3, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth and sharp edge requirements of the edge of the inner ring groove of the L3 section and the edge of the step hole.

[0038] Preferably, the grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding segment 5-1 is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding segment 5-1 is 11 mm.

[0039] Embodiment 2: In order to solve the processing difficulties of multi-groove stepped hole bushings, this embodiment discloses a set of special grinding tools. The segmented hole grinding method is adopted during grinding, which not only eliminates the problem of uneven grinding at the multi-groove structure of the inner hole, ensures the dimensional tolerance, cylindricity, coaxiality and roughness requirements of the φ11+0.010 hole and the φ31.75+0.0120 hole, but also effectively ensures the technical requirements of smooth and sharp edges R0.05max at all intersections with the inner hole. The processing process is stable and reliable, and the product quality is fully guaranteed.

[0040] See also Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The present invention comprises a coaxial grinding sleeve 3, a φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve, and a φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve. The φ31.75 hole grinding ring is used for surface grinding of the φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve, and the φ11 grinding ring is used for surface grinding of the φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve. The coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is composed of a large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and a small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4. It should be noted that the above-mentioned φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve is a large-hole grinding sleeve 4.

[0041] The coaxial grinding sleeve, φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve and φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve are all fixed on the grinding lathe head through the grinding rod 6. The grinding sleeve is made of gray cast iron HT20-40, and the grinding rod is made of T4A steel with a hardness of HRC40~45.

[0042] The coaxial grinding sleeve and the φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve are manually filed into an outer ring groove structure, which can effectively avoid the intersection of the inner ring groove and the inner hole of the bushing and avoid the collapse of the edge during grinding. Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is the φ11 grinding ring parts drawing; Figure 6 This is the φ31.75 grinding ring parts drawing; The φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve is designed as a step type, which is used to grind the φ31.75 hole at the root of the L3 section to ensure the cylindricity requirement of 0.002mm, solve the problem of uneven removal of allowance when the entire section of the hole is ground at the same time, and ensure the φ31.75+0.0120 hole cylindricity requirement of 0.002mm.

[0043] When grinding holes, segmented grinding is required. The position of the grinding hole is controlled by effectively grinding the working surface to solve the problem of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole size out-of-tolerance caused by the large-hole multi-ring groove structure and the problem of the smooth sharp edge R0.05max at the intersection of the cylindricity 0.002mm and the mold hole. Finally, the inner hole is polished with 1000# polishing paper to ensure the hole roughness Ra0.1 requirement.

[0044] The grinding tool and method have the following advantages: a. The tooling structure is simple and easy to operate; b. The processing method is novel, the parts processing quality is stable, and the dimensions meet the requirements of the design drawings; c. The qualified rate of parts is increased to 100%, saving production costs; Based on the above structure, the present invention also discloses a grinding method for a multi-groove step hole bushing, see Fig.13 , including the following steps: S1. Use the coordinate grinder to perform preliminary grinding on the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing. The preliminary grinding of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing can be completed in one clamping process; through the high-precision processing of the coordinate grinder, the size accuracy and shape accuracy of the large hole and the small hole of the bushing can be ensured, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent coaxial rough grinding and fine grinding. One-time clamping processing is conducive to improving the coaxiality of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing.

[0045] S2. Coaxial rough grinding: The coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 are used to roughly grind the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing. W10 white corundum grinding paste is used during the grinding process to quickly remove the larger uneven parts on the surface of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing to improve the grinding efficiency; S3. Lapping the bushing hole 2: Use W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 to lapping the bushing hole 2, further remove the small unevenness on the surface of the bushing hole 2, and improve the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the small hole; S4. Lapping the large hole L1 and L2 segments of the bushing: The large hole grinding sleeve 4 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed to the output end of the grinding head. The W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve 4 are used to lapping the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the small unevenness of the surface of the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing is further removed, and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 holes are improved; S5. Lapping the large hole L3 section of the bushing: The root grinding sleeve 5 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed to the output end of the grinding head. W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve 5 are used to lapping the large hole L3 section 1-3 of the bushing 1, and further remove the small unevenness of the surface of the large hole L3 section 1-3 of the bushing 1, and improve the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the small hole; S6. Use 1000# polishing paper to manually polish the large hole 1 of the bushing to further remove tiny scratches and burrs on the surface and improve the surface gloss and finish of the large hole of the bushing.

[0046] The method of the present invention is combined with a grinding device for a multi-groove step hole bushing, and through a segmented grinding method, the grinding accuracy of the multi-groove step hole bushing is ensured, and the requirements for the smooth and sharp edges of the parts are ensured.

[0047] Embodiment three: See also Fig.13 This embodiment discloses a grinding method for a multi-groove step hole bushing, comprising the following steps: S1. Use the coordinate grinder to perform preliminary grinding on the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2. The preliminary grinding of the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2 can be completed in one clamping process; through the high-precision processing of the coordinate grinder, the size accuracy and shape accuracy of the bushing large hole and the small hole can be ensured, providing favorable conditions for subsequent coaxial rough grinding and fine grinding. One-time clamping processing is conducive to improving the coaxiality of the bushing large hole 1 and the bushing small hole 2, as follows: Use a coordinate grinder to perform preliminary grinding on the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing and reserve a set processing allowance. The cylindricity of the two holes is processed to within 0.008mm, the coaxiality is processed to within φ0.006mm, and the roughness is processed to within Ra0.8.

[0048] S2. Coaxial rough grinding: The coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. The grinding head is used to drive the grinding rod 6 to rotate, and then the coaxial grinding sleeve 3 is driven to rotate. The large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 on the coaxial grinding sleeve 3 are used to roughly grind the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing. During the grinding process, W10 white corundum grinding paste is used to quickly remove the larger uneven parts on the surface of the large hole 1 and the small hole 2 of the bushing, thereby improving the grinding efficiency; Preferably, during the rough grinding process, the spindle speed is 250 to 400 r / min. After the rough grinding is completed, the taper of the large hole 1 of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.005mm, leaving a margin of 0.02mm for fine grinding; the taper of the small hole 2 of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.002mm, leaving a margin of 0.01mm for fine grinding.

[0049] S3. Lapping the bushing hole 2: Use W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 to lapping the bushing hole 2, further remove the small unevenness on the surface of the bushing hole 2, and improve the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the small hole; S4. Lapping the large hole L1 and L2 segments of the bushing: The large hole grinding sleeve 4 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed on the output end of the grinding head. The grinding head is used to drive the grinding rod 6 to rotate, and then the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is driven to rotate. W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve 4 are used to lapping the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the small unevenness of the surface of the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 of the large hole 1 of the bushing is further removed, and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the holes of the L1 segment 1-1 and L2 segment 1-2 are improved; S5. Lapping the large hole L3 section of the bushing: The root grinding sleeve 5 is set on the grinding rod 6, and the grinding rod 6 is fixed to the output end of the grinding head. The grinding head is used to drive the grinding rod 6 to rotate, and then the root grinding sleeve 5 is driven to rotate. W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve 5 are used to lapping the L3 section 1-3 of the large hole 1 of the bushing, and the small unevenness of the surface of the L3 section 1-3 of the large hole 1 of the bushing is further removed, and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the L3 section 1-3 hole are improved; S6. Use 1000# polishing paper to manually polish the large hole 1 of the bushing to further remove tiny scratches and burrs on the surface and improve the surface gloss and finish of the large hole of the bushing.

[0050] Embodiment 4: See also Fig.13 This embodiment discloses a grinding method for a multi-groove step hole bushing, comprising the following steps: S1. Before grinding, use a coordinate grinder to grind the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole and φ11+0.01 0mm hole to ensure that the processing is completed in one clamping. The φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole is processed to φ31.72+0.01 0mm, and the φ11+0.010mm hole is processed to φ10.98+0.01 0mm. The cylindricity of the two holes is processed to 0.008mm, the coaxiality is processed to φ0.006mm, and the roughness is processed to Ra0.8.

[0051] S2. Due to the small amount of grinding hole allowance, the grinding sleeve must be trimmed before grinding to improve the accuracy of the grinding sleeve. The method of trimming the grinding sleeve is as follows: S21, trimming the coaxial grinding sleeve, that is, trimming the large hole coaxial grinding section 3-6 and the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 on the coaxial grinding sleeve 3; On the φ31.75mm outer circle of the coaxial grinding sleeve, a φ31.2×10mm annular groove 3-2 is manually filed; a φ10.8×2mm wide empty groove 3-1 is filed at the root of the φ11 outer circle, and a 0.3° cone surface is filed outside the working surface of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4, and the intersection of the two end surfaces with the outer circle is made R0.5max fillet, such as Figure 2 As shown, the length of the working surface of the small hole coaxial grinding section 3-4 is 16.5 mm.

[0052] After filing the coaxial grinding sleeve, use W10 white corundum grinding paste and φ31.75 grinding ring to repeatedly grind the φ31.75 outer circle of the coaxial grinding sleeve to make the taper of the grinding sleeve ≤0.005mm. The taper can be guaranteed by measuring the actual taper of the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole of the grinding part; then use W10 and W7 white corundum grinding pastes and φ11 grinding ring to repeatedly grind the φ11 outer circle of the coaxial grinding sleeve to make the taper ≤0.002mm. The taper can be guaranteed by measuring the actual taper of the φ11+0.01 0 hole of the grinding part.

[0053] S22, trimming φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve, i.e. trimming large hole grinding sleeve 4; φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve needs to manually file the φ31.2×10mm wide outer groove to ensure that the length of the working surface corresponding to L3 section 1-3 on the large hole grinding sleeve 4 is between 8.8mm and 9.2mm. If the working surface is too long, it will cause the part's empty tool groove and the inner hole to be ground out of tolerance at the intersection; the intersection of the outer circle and the two end faces must be R0.5max, and the burrs at the intersection of the peripheral uniform groove and the outer circle are filed to remove the high point burrs to prevent the inner hole wall of the part from being scratched during grinding.

[0054] After filing the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve, use W10 white corundum grinding paste and φ31.75 grinding ring to repeatedly grind the φ31.75 outer circle of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve to make the taper of the grinding sleeve ≤0.005mm. The taper can be guaranteed by measuring the actual taper of the φ31.75+0.012 0mm hole of the grinding part.

[0055] S23, repair φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve; φ31.75+0.012 0 The root grinding sleeve of the hole needs to be manually repaired to form a φ31.7×31.5mm step circle to ensure that the effective working surface length of the φ31.75 outer circle is 11mm; After filing the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve, repeatedly grind the outer circle of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve. The grinding method is the same as that of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole grinding sleeve to ensure that the outer conical surface of the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole root grinding sleeve is ≤0.002mm.

[0056] S3. The specific steps of hole grinding are as follows: S31, use W10 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve to roughly grind φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure that the hole taper reaches 0.005mm, leave a margin of 0.02mm for fine grinding, and the spindle speed is 250~400r / min; S32, use W10 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve to roughly grind φ11+0.01 0 hole, ensure that the hole taper reaches 0.002mm, leave a margin of 0.01mm for fine grinding, and the spindle speed is 250~400r / min; S33, use W7 white corundum grinding paste and coaxial grinding sleeve to grind φ11+0.01 0 hole to ensure the hole taper 0.002mm and roughness Ra0.1, spindle speed 250~400r / min; S34, use W7 white corundum grinding paste and φ31.75 hole grinding sleeve to grind φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure that the cylindricity of L1 section and L2 section is 0.002mm, the roughness is Ra0.1, and the intersection with the middle hole is smooth and sharp, the spindle speed is 250~400r / min; S35, use W7 white corundum grinding paste and φ31.75 hole root grinding sleeve to grind φ31.75+0.012 0 hole, ensure the L3 section cylindricity 0.002mm, roughness Ra0.1 and keep the intersection with the middle hole smooth and sharp, spindle speed 250~400r / min; S36. Use 1000# polishing paper to manually polish the φ31.75+0.012 0 hole to ensure the hole roughness Ra0.1.

[0057] S37, φ11+0.01 0 hole relative to φ31.75+0.012 0 hole coaxiality φ0.01 measurement method: install the special mandrel on the V-block, install the part φ31.75+0.012 0 hole on the outer circle of the mandrel, and then use the lever micrometer to achieve 100% measurement of the coaxiality of the φ11+0.01 0 hole, which can fully guarantee the coaxiality φ0.01 requirement.

[0058] The grinding tooling of the present invention has a simple structure, is reliable and stable, and the grinding method is easy to operate. The ground multi-groove step hole type bushing parts have a high pass rate, which solves the processing difficulties of the multi-groove step hole type bushing, ensures product quality, and increases the parts pass rate to 100%.

[0059] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding device for a multi-groove step hole bushing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grinding lathe head, a coaxial grinding sleeve (3), a large hole grinding sleeve (4) and a root grinding sleeve (5); the grinding lathe head is detachably fixedly connected to a grinding rod (6); the coaxial grinding sleeve (3), the large hole grinding sleeve (4) and the root grinding sleeve (5) can all be sleeved on the grinding rod (6); and only one of the coaxial grinding sleeve (3), the large hole grinding sleeve (4) and the root grinding sleeve (5) is sleeved on the grinding rod (6) at a time; The coaxial grinding sleeve (3) is provided with a large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and a small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4), and the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) are coaxially arranged.

2. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding rod (6) is provided with a clamping connection portion (6-1), and the grinding head is clamped and connected to the clamping connection portion (6-1) by a three-jaw chuck.

3. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An empty knife groove (3-1) is provided between the large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small-hole coaxial grinding section (3-4), and the width of the empty knife groove (3-1) is 2 mm.

4. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding diameter of the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) is 11 mm, and the length of the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) is 16.5 mm; the grinding diameter of the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is 31.75 mm, and the length of the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is 43.5 mm.

5. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) is provided with an L1L2 grinding section (3-5) and an L3 grinding section (3-3); the L1L2 grinding section (3-5) and the L3 grinding section (3-3) have the same diameter; an annular groove (3-2) is provided on the large-hole coaxial grinding section (3-6); the annular groove (3-2) is located between the L1L2 grinding section (3-5) and the L3 grinding section (3-3); The total length of the L1 section (1-1), the L2 section (1-2) and the portion between the L1 section (1-1) and the L2 section (1-2) of the multi-ring groove step hole bushing is smaller than the total length of the L1L2 grinding section (3-5).

6. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-hole grinding sleeve (4) is provided with an L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) and a first positioning surface (4-2); the distance between the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) and the first positioning surface (4-2) is 19 mm, the grinding radius of the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L1L2 fine grinding section (4-1) is 24.5 mm.

7. The grinding device for a multi-groove stepped hole bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root grinding sleeve (5) is provided with an L3 fine grinding section (5-1) and a second positioning surface (5-2), the L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is adjacent to the second positioning surface (5-2), the grinding radius of the L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is 31.75 mm, and the working surface length of the L3 fine grinding section (5-1) is greater than the length of the L3 section (1-3).

8. A method for grinding a bushing with multiple annular grooves and stepped holes, using the grinding device for bushing with multiple annular grooves and stepped holes according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The large bushing hole (1) and the small bushing hole (2) are preliminarily ground using a coordinate grinder, and the preliminarily grinding of the large bushing hole (1) and the small bushing hole (2) is completed in one clamping process; Coaxial rough grinding: a coaxial grinding sleeve (3) is mounted on a grinding rod (6), the grinding rod (6) is fixed to the output end of the grinding lathe, and the large hole coaxial grinding section (3-6) and the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) are used to rough grind the large hole (1) and the small hole (2) of the bushing, and W10 white corundum grinding paste is used during the grinding process; Lapping the bushing small hole (2): using W7 white corundum grinding paste and the small hole coaxial grinding section (3-4) to lapping the bushing small hole (2); Lapping the large hole L1 section and L2 section of the bushing: sleeve the large hole grinding sleeve (4) on the grinding rod (6), fix the grinding rod (6) on the output end of the grinding lathe, and use W7 white corundum grinding paste and the large hole grinding sleeve (4) to lapping the L1 section (1-1) and L2 section (1-2) of the large hole (1) of the bushing; Lapping the L3 section of the large hole of the bushing: sleeve the root grinding sleeve (5) on the grinding rod (6), fix the grinding rod (6) on the output end of the grinding head, and use W7 white corundum grinding paste and the root grinding sleeve (5) to lapping the L3 section (1-3) of the large hole of the bushing (1); Polish the large bore (1) of the bushing manually using 1000# polishing paper.

9. The grinding method of a multi-groove step hole bushing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preliminary grinding of the bushing large hole (1) and the bushing small hole (2) by using a coordinate grinder is specifically as follows: The large bushing hole (1) and the small bushing hole (2) are preliminarily ground using a coordinate grinder and a set machining allowance is reserved. The cylindricality of the two holes is machined to within 0.008 mm, the coaxiality is machined to within φ0.006 mm, and the roughness is machined to within Ra0.

8.

10. The grinding method of a multi-groove step hole bushing according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the coaxial rough grinding, the spindle speed is 250-400 r / min. After the rough grinding is completed, the taper of the large hole (1) of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.005 mm, and a margin of 0.02 mm is left for fine grinding; the taper of the small hole (2) of the bushing is less than or equal to 0.002 mm, and a margin of 0.01 mm is left for fine grinding.

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