Prefabricated road structure adapting to free stretching and anchoring of tree roots

Abstract

The invention provides a prefabricated road structure adapting to free stretching and anchoring of tree roots. The prefabricated road structure comprises a surface drainage guide layer, a runoff retention storage device and a soil root system structure compartment which are pre-buried underground from top to bottom; the surface drainage guide layer is used for infiltrating runoff on a road and providing sufficient oxygen for the runoff retention reservoir; the runoff retention storage device is used for storing runoff on a road and providing sufficient water and oxygen for the root system structure compartment; the soil root system structure compartments are filled with loose and breathable in-situ soil, and the in-situ soil provides nutrients for root system development and growth. According to the road structure, the soil root system structure compartments are arranged, so that in-situ nutritional soil can be filled, and tree roots can freely grow in the road structure; by arranging the surface drainage guide layer and the runoff retention storage device, sufficient oxygen and water supply is guaranteed, good air permeability and water permeability are provided for tree root growth, and healthy and free growth of trees beside a road is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ecological road engineering, and more specifically, relates to a prefabricated road structure that can adapt to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid advancement of urbanization, dense cities have superior and convenient transportation infrastructure systems. For example, in the megacity of Hong Kong, more than 13 million passengers travel by various transportation systems every day. However, the extensive road infrastructure and other impermeable structures in the city will also reduce the drainage effect of the city, and the lack of green space due to the high coverage of infrastructure will aggravate the heat island effect and increase the risk of flooding. Trees and forests in cities can provide transpiration, enhance water storage capacity, reduce flood risks, and improve walking experience. How to tap the potential of urban roads and widely plant healthy street trees that do not damage roads and other infrastructure is our challenge.

[0003] The root systems of traditionally planted roadside trees are limited in their growth range within the road structure, which causes many problems. In the confined space of the road structure and the compacted roadbed soil, it is difficult for trees and their roots to grow freely horizontally and deeply, and their development is severely inhibited, which also causes the instability of the trees. Specifically, the root coverage area of ​​a healthy tree under natural conditions is usually 2-3 times the size of its crown, while trees planted along the road may only grow within a width of 0.3-1 meter. Due to the lack of water and oxygen in the roots caused by these road structure restrictions, the roots, under the action of their growth force, cause damage to the road structure in the form of bulges.

[0004] How to resolve the conflict between trees and road infrastructure and ease the contradiction between the two so that trees can grow freely within the road structure, reduce road structure damage, and improve the bearing capacity of the road system is an unresolved issue. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a prefabricated road structure that can accommodate the free extension and anchoring of tree roots, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art that roadside trees cannot grow freely in the road system, and their growth will be restricted by the surrounding closed road structure represented by high-strength concrete materials, and that when roadside trees grow in a narrow road system, their growth behavior and growth force will cause damage to the road structure in the form of bulges and cracks.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a prefabricated road structure that can adapt to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots, including a surface drainage guide layer, a runoff retention storage device and a soil root system structure compartment pre-buried underground from top to bottom; the surface drainage guide layer infiltrates the runoff on the road and provides sufficient oxygen transport for the runoff retention storage device; the runoff retention storage device stores the runoff on the road and provides sufficient water and oxygen for the soil root system structure compartment; the soil root system structure compartment is filled with loose, breathable in-situ soil, and the in-situ soil provides nutrients for root development and growth.

[0007] Optionally, the surface drainage guide layer includes a guide layer base, a first structural net and a plurality of drainage holes; the first structural net is laid flat in the guide layer base; the drainage holes are arranged on the upper surface of the guide layer base and penetrate the guide layer base.

[0008] Optionally, the surface drainage guide layer further comprises a mainstream drainage texture and a tributary drainage texture arranged on the upper surface of the guide layer substrate, one end of the mainstream drainage texture is connected to the tributary drainage texture, and the other end of the mainstream drainage texture is connected to the drain hole.

[0009] Optionally, the runoff retention reservoir includes a reservoir base, a second structural net and a plurality of water storage tanks; the second structural net is laid flat in the reservoir base; the water storage tank is arranged in the reservoir base, the water storage tank is arranged opposite to the drain hole, and the plurality of water storage tanks are interconnected in pairs.

[0010] Optionally, the runoff retention reservoir further comprises a force transmission rod, the edge of the reservoir base is provided with a rod groove, and the force transmission rod is clamped in the rod groove.

[0011] Optionally, the second structural net includes a plurality of vertical supporting steel bars and a plurality of horizontal structural nets, the plurality of horizontal structural nets are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the vertical supporting steel bars are respectively connected to the plurality of horizontal structural nets to form a frame structure.

[0012] Optionally, the soil root system structure compartment includes a plurality of compartment units, and the plurality of compartment units are arranged around the tree roots.

[0013] Optionally, the compartment unit includes a compartment frame, a cell wall, a plurality of first partitions and a plurality of second partitions; the compartment frame has a accommodating cavity for free extension of roots; the cell wall is connected to one end of the compartment frame and is arranged toward the tree roots, and the cell wall is provided with a plurality of openings for the roots to pass through; a plurality of the first partitions are arranged at intervals on the first side of the compartment frame and are located in the accommodating cavity; a plurality of the second partitions are arranged at intervals on the second side of the compartment frame and are located in the accommodating cavity; the second side is arranged opposite to the first side, and a plurality of the second partitions are staggered with a plurality of the first partitions.

[0014] Optionally, the prefabricated road structure further comprises a pre-buried monitoring system, which is used to detect the mechanical parameters and temperature field distribution of the surface drainage guide layer, the runoff retention storage and the soil root structure compartment.

[0015] Optionally, the surface drainage guide layer, the runoff retention storage and the soil root structure compartment are all cast by water-permeable and breathable concrete composed of modified shell biowaste, and the method for making the modified shell biowaste includes:

[0016] S1. Collect shell waste, rinse with deionized water, and then dry, grind and sieve;

[0017] S2, mixing waste coffee grounds, oil sludge and waste cooking oil in a high-pressure reactor, adding water and continuing the reaction, and synthesizing bio-oil using multi-temperature gradient hydrothermal method;

[0018] S3, after the multi-temperature gradient reaction, filtering the solid and separating the oil and water to obtain the composite bio-oil;

[0019] S4. Soak the shell waste powder in bio-oil, stir and filter to obtain the modified shell bio-waste.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided by the present application are as follows: compared with the prior art, in the present application, by setting up soil root system structure compartments, in-situ nutrient soil can be filled, and tree roots can grow freely in the road structure; by setting up a surface drainage guide layer and a runoff retention storage device, sufficient oxygen and water supply is guaranteed, and good air permeability and water permeability are provided for the growth of tree roots, which is conducive to promoting the healthy and free growth of trees beside the road; at the same time, by applying the prefabricated road structure, the ecological road system is composed of a prefabricated road structure + internal soil + tree root system, and has higher strength. The internal growth of tree roots also provides a good "reinforcement and anchoring" effect for the ecological structure, which helps to improve the load capacity and bearing capacity of road traffic, and reduce the occurrence of undesirable phenomena such as bulges and cracks in the road structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A front view of a surface drainage guide layer in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A top view of a surface drainage guide layer in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the main drainage texture in the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the mainstream drainage texture in the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the drainage texture of the tributaries in the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 A cross section of a tributary drainage texture in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 8 A cross section of a tributary drainage texture in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0030] Fig. 9 A front view of a runoff retention storage device in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.10 A top view of a runoff retention reservoir in a prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water storage tank in the prefabricated road structure that adapts to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water storage tank in the prefabricated road structure that adapts to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the soil root system compartment in the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a compartment unit in a prefabricated road structure that adapts to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0037] 100-surface drainage guide layer;

[0038] 101-guiding layer substrate; 111-main stream drainage texture; 112-tributary drainage texture; 102-first structural net; 103-drainage hole; 104-bolt hole;

[0039] 200-runoff retention storage; 201-storage base; 202-second structural net; 203-water storage tank; 204-rod slot; 205-drainage pipe;

[0040] 300-soil root structure compartment; 310-compartment unit; 311-compartment frame; 312-cell wall; 3121-opening; 313-first partition; 314-second partition;

[0041] 400-Tree roots. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] See also Figure 1 , the prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in the embodiment of the present application is now described. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots comprises a surface drainage guide layer 100, a runoff retention storage 200 and a soil root system structure compartment 300 pre-buried underground from top to bottom; the surface drainage guide layer 100 infiltrates the runoff on the road and provides sufficient oxygen transport for the runoff retention storage 200; the runoff retention storage 200 stores the runoff on the road and provides sufficient water and oxygen for the soil root system structure compartment 300; the soil root system structure compartment 300 is filled with loose, breathable in-situ soil, and the in-situ soil provides nutrients for the development and growth of the root system.

[0047] The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots provided in the present application is, compared with the prior art, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting up the soil root system structure compartment 300, in-situ nutrient soil can be filled, and the tree roots 400 can grow freely in the road structure; by setting up the surface drainage guide layer 100 and the runoff retention storage device 200, sufficient oxygen and water supply are guaranteed, and good air permeability and water permeability are provided for the growth of the tree roots 400, which is conducive to promoting the healthy and free growth of trees beside the road; at the same time, by applying the prefabricated road structure, the ecological road system is composed of a prefabricated road structure + internal soil + tree roots, and has higher strength. The internal growth of the tree roots 400 also provides a good "reinforcement and anchoring" effect for the ecological structure, which helps to improve the load capacity and bearing capacity of road traffic, and reduce the occurrence of undesirable phenomena such as bulges and cracks in the road structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the surface drainage guide layer 100, the runoff retention storage 200 and the soil root structure compartment 300 are all made of conventional concrete materials, and the MiC prefabricated modular integrated production construction technology is used to achieve on-site installation, which can greatly save cost and time. The surface drainage guide layer 100, the runoff retention storage 200 and the soil root structure compartment 300 are connected in pairs by a combination of bolt connection and interlocking, which is convenient for modular rapid installation and unloading. The connection strength of the bolts and interlocks is determined by the expansion force and torque caused by the bulge of the tree roots. At the same time, the epoxy resin mixed with 10-30wt% modified nano-silicon dioxide is applied to the connection, that is, the nano-silicon dioxide is mixed with 5wt% silane and 5wt% ferric nitrate nine hydrate in a mass ratio of 90wt%, and is heat-treated at 400 degrees for modification, and finally the modified nano-silicon dioxide admixture required by the present invention is obtained to strengthen the connection strength and reduce the erosion of moisture on the connection part of the structure.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The surface drainage guide layer 100 includes a guide layer substrate 101, a first structural net 102 and a plurality of drainage holes 103; the first structural net 102 is laid flat in the guide layer substrate 101; the drainage holes 103 are arranged on the upper surface of the guide layer substrate 101 and penetrate the guide layer substrate 101.

[0050] In this embodiment, by setting up the first structural net 102, the overall structural strength of the surface drainage guide layer 100 can be enhanced. By setting up multiple drainage holes 103, road runoff can quickly infiltrate, reducing road waterlogging, ensuring road safety, and providing sufficient oxygen delivery for the lower structure.

[0051] Specifically, the size of the surface drainage guide layer 100 is 1000mm×1000mm×120mm, the thickness ranges from 6 to 12cm, and the design strength is C30 to C100; the first structural mesh 102 can be a steel mesh, and the steel bar size and model are HRB500 steel bars of Φ10mm and Φ20mm; the center of the first structural mesh 102 and the upper surface of the guide layer substrate 101, as well as the center of the lower surface of the guide layer substrate 101 are all 60mm apart;

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The surface drainage guide layer 100 also includes a mainstream drainage texture 111 and a tributary drainage texture 112 arranged on the upper surface of the guide layer substrate 101. One end of the mainstream drainage texture 111 is connected to the tributary drainage texture 112, and the other end of the mainstream drainage texture 111 is connected to the drain hole 103.

[0053] In this embodiment, by setting the mainstream drainage texture 111 and the tributary drainage texture 112, the water flow can be collected and finally discharged into the water drop hole 103; the mainstream drainage texture 111 and the tributary drainage texture 112 have a slope (2% to 10%), which can quickly guide the road water flow into the water drop hole 103. By setting the mainstream drainage texture 111 and the tributary drainage texture 112, the road surface anti-skid, noise reduction and wear resistance can also be increased. Bolt holes 104 are respectively provided at the four vertex corners of the guide layer substrate 101. The surface drainage guide layer 100 and the runoff retention storage 200 are connected by inserting fixing bolts into the bolt holes 104. The upper surface of the guide layer substrate 101 is flat, and its flatness error does not exceed 1.5mm within 1000mm, and the elevation error does not exceed 1mm.

[0054] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the width of the upper end of the tributary drainage texture 112 in the vertical direction is greater than the width of the lower end. Along the driving direction, the depth of the tributary drainage texture 112 gradually deepens, and the width of the lower end gradually narrows; for example, the cross-section of the tributary drainage texture 112 is an isosceles trapezoid with an upper base of 3mm, a lower base of 1.68mm, and a depth of 6.6mm; as the driving direction gradually deepens, the cross-sectional shape eventually becomes an isosceles triangle with an upper base of 3mm and a depth of 10mm. The cross-sectional shape of the tributary drainage texture 112 in the vertical direction is a rectangle with a width of 6mm and a depth of 10mm.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The runoff retention storage 200 includes a storage base 201, a second structural net 202 and a plurality of water storage tanks 203; the second structural net 202 is laid flat in the storage base 201; the water storage tank 203 is arranged in the storage base 201, the water storage tank 203 is arranged opposite to the drain hole 103, and the plurality of water storage tanks 203 are interconnected.

[0056] In this embodiment, the size of the storage base 201 is 1000mm×1000mm×350mm, and its thickness ranges from 25-35cm. The top and bottom surfaces of the storage base 201 are flat, and the flatness error does not exceed 1.5mm within 1000mm, and the elevation error does not exceed 1mm. It can store road runoff (storage capacity is about 25L / m2), provide sufficient water and oxygen for the underlying soil root structure compartment 300, and provide basic conditions for the growth and development of tree roots 400.

[0057] In this embodiment, twelve water storage tanks 203 can be provided. The twelve water storage tanks 203 are arranged in a bionic form inside the storage matrix 201. The diameter of the water storage tank 203 is 50 - 150 mm, and the height is 50 - 250 mm, in a circular or "honeycomb" shape, as Fig.11 and Fig.12 shown, which can enhance the structural strength and help store more water. And the adjacent water storage tanks 203 are connected through the provided drain pipes 205 to keep the water level in the cavity of the whole structure balanced. The drain pipes 205 are PVC pipes with a diameter of 20 mm, and the bottom of the water storage tank 203 conveys water to the soil root system compartment 300 at the lower end.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, the runoff retention storage 200 further includes a force transfer rod (not shown), please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 together. A rod groove 204 is provided at the edge of the storage matrix 201, and the force transfer rod is clamped in the rod groove 204.

[0059] Specifically, the top surface and the bottom surface of the storage matrix 201 are both set flat. The rod groove 204 is vertically located around the storage matrix 201 for placing the force transfer rod. The embedded rod groove 204 can transfer local traffic loads to adjacent structures, enhancing the overall stability of the structure. The force transfer rod is composed of Φ20 mm and Φ32 smooth round steel bars.

[0060] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the rod grooves 204 includes three rod grooves 204 arranged in the direction parallel to the driving and one rod groove 204 arranged in the direction perpendicular to the driving. The size of the rod groove 204 vertically parallel to the driving direction is 250 m × 50 mm × 290 m; the size of the rod groove 204 perpendicular to the driving direction is 250 m × 40 mm × 200 mm.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the second structural net 202 includes a plurality of vertical support steel bars and a plurality of horizontal structural nets. The plurality of horizontal structural nets are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the vertical support steel bars are respectively connected to the plurality of horizontal structural nets to form a frame structure.

[0062] Specifically, three horizontal structural nets can be provided, including an upper steel bar net, a middle steel bar net, and a lower steel bar net. The center distances between the upper steel bar net and the middle steel bar net, and between the lower steel bar net and the middle steel bar net are both 145 mm. The layer distances between the centers of the upper steel bar net and the bottom surface of the storage matrix 201, and between the center of the lower steel bar net and the top surface of the storage matrix 201 are both 30 mm. And the steel bar framework is composed of "mouth"-shaped steel bar rings. The lap length of the steel bar rings is not less than 20d of the steel bar diameter. The steel bar net is composed of HRB500 steel bars with a diameter of Φ10 mm.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Fig.13The soil root system structure compartment 300 includes a plurality of compartment units 310 , and the plurality of compartment units 310 are arranged around the tree roots 400 .

[0064] In this embodiment, the compartment unit 310 can be filled with loose, breathable in-situ soil. The in-situ soil contains sufficient water and nutrients that are beneficial to the development and growth of the root system. The compartment unit 310 and the in-situ soil filled in the compartment unit 310 can also provide a certain reinforcement effect to improve the bearing capacity of the road structure.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Fig.13 and Fig.14 The compartment unit 310 includes a compartment frame 311, a cell wall 312, a plurality of first partitions 313 and a plurality of second partitions 314; the compartment frame 311 has a receiving cavity for free extension of roots; the cell wall 312 is connected to one end of the compartment frame 311 and is arranged toward the tree root 400, and a plurality of openings 3121 for the roots to pass through are arranged on the cell wall 312; a plurality of first partitions 313 are arranged at intervals on the first side of the compartment frame 311 and are located in the receiving cavity; a plurality of second partitions 314 are arranged at intervals on the second side of the compartment frame 311 and are located in the receiving cavity; the second side is arranged opposite to the first side, and the plurality of second partitions 314 are staggered with the plurality of first partitions 313.

[0066] In this embodiment, the compartment frame 311, the first partition 313 and the second partition 314 are made of concrete C30-C100, and the multiple second partitions 314 are staggered with the multiple first partitions 313, which can realize the bending and uniform growth of the tree roots 400 in the accommodating cavity, increase the isotropic reinforcement of the root system, and avoid the formation of local over-dense root growth phenomenon; the cell wall 312 is made of concrete material, and the sizes of the multiple openings 3121 on the cell wall 312 are not exactly the same. For example, the opening 3121 can be circular, but the diameter of each opening 3121 is different; by setting the openings 3121, the shuttling growth and distribution of the tree roots 400 in multiple groups of compartment units 310 can be facilitated. Several compartment units 310 are freely combined according to the road base structure, and are arranged in a surrounding combination including one end of the cell wall 312 facing inward and surrounding the tree roots 400.

[0067] In this embodiment, the random arrangement of the plurality of first partitions 313, the plurality of second partitions 314 and the plurality of openings 3121 on the cell wall 312 allows the tree roots 400 to grow more freely and randomly, breaking the structural restrictions on them, and allowing the tree roots 400 to be randomly distributed in the accommodating cavity of the compartment unit 310, maximizing the anchoring effect of the tree roots 400, avoiding local overturning, and improving the stability of the root system and structure of the prefabricated road structure in extreme windy and rainy weather. At the same time, in order to ensure the basic strength of the structure, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the compartment unit 310 should be greater than 0.2-0.5m2 The openings 3121 in the cell wall 312 in the soil root structure compartment 300 can also dissipate excessive retained water horizontally. When the water is oversaturated, it can be quickly discharged from the root layer, reducing the risk of root rot. The roots of trees growing in the soil root structure compartment 300 can be used to support the load transmitted from the upper structure, achieve structural anchoring, and reduce the structural damage caused by the expansion force and torque caused by the bulge of the tree roots.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, the prefabricated road structure also includes a pre-buried monitoring system (not shown), which is used to detect the mechanical parameters and temperature field distribution of the surface drainage guide layer 100, the runoff retention storage 200 and the soil root structure compartment 300.

[0069] Specifically, the embedded monitoring system includes a mechanical sensing subsystem and a thermal imaging computing subsystem. The mechanical sensing subsystem includes strain gauges, displacement sensors and accelerometers, and is installed in concrete structures or soil to monitor parameters including strain (including strain caused by tree roots 400), displacement and vibration. The temperature field distribution of the ecological structure is monitored by the thermal imaging computing subsystem, and potential problems in the structure are indicated by temperature anomalies, including water infiltration, cracks or uneven cooling. The thermal field and mechanical field data can be coupled and calculated to analyze and determine the health status of the ecological structure.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present application, the surface drainage guide layer 100, the runoff retention storage 200 and the soil root system structure compartment 300 are all cast by water-permeable and breathable concrete composed of modified shell biowaste. The method for making the modified shell biowaste includes:

[0071] S1. Collect shell waste, rinse with deionized water three times, dry at 40°C, grind, and pass through a 75 μm sieve;

[0072] S2, waste coffee grounds (about 200 μm particle size), oil sludge (about 60 μm particle size) and waste cooking oil (1:1:0.5 wt%) were mixed and placed in a high pressure reactor, water was added to set the solid-liquid ratio to 1:5, and the reaction duration was 30 minutes; bio-oil was synthesized using multi-temperature gradient hydrothermal method, and the reaction temperatures were set to 250, 350 and 450 °C;

[0073] S3, after the multi-temperature gradient reaction, filtering the solid and separating the oil and water to obtain the composite bio-oil;

[0074] S4. Soak the shell waste powder in bio-oil (solid-liquid ratio is 1:5-1:10), stir continuously for 1 hour at 60°C, and filter to obtain the desired modified shell bio-waste.

[0075] In this embodiment, the specific proportions of the materials for the water-permeable and breathable concrete formed by modified shell biowaste are shown in the following table:

[0076]

[0077] The embodiment of the present application provides a prefabricated road structure that adapts to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots, which is applied to the ecological road structure system to provide sufficient conditions for the free growth of trees, while improving the load capacity and bearing capacity of road traffic.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots, characterized in that: It includes a surface drainage guide layer, a runoff retention reservoir and a soil root system structure compartment pre-buried underground from top to bottom; The surface drainage guide layer infiltrates runoff from the road and provides sufficient oxygen delivery to the runoff retention reservoir; The runoff retention storage stores the runoff on the road and provides sufficient moisture and oxygen for the soil root structure compartment; The soil root structure compartments are filled with loose, breathable in-situ soil, which provides nutrients for root development and growth.

2. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The surface drainage guide layer comprises: The guiding layer substrate, A first structural net, wherein the first structural net is laid flat in the guiding layer matrix; A plurality of water drop holes are provided on the upper surface of the guide layer substrate and penetrate the guide layer substrate.

3. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The surface drainage guide layer also includes a mainstream drainage texture and a tributary drainage texture arranged on the upper surface of the guide layer substrate, one end of the mainstream drainage texture is connected to the tributary drainage texture, and the other end of the mainstream drainage texture is connected to the drain hole.

4. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The runoff retention reservoir comprises: Storage base, a second structural net, the second structural net being laid flat in the reservoir base; A plurality of water storage tanks are provided in the storage base, the water storage tanks are arranged opposite to the water drop holes, and the plurality of water storage tanks are interconnected in pairs.

5. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The runoff retention reservoir further comprises a force transmission rod, the edge of the reservoir base is provided with a rod groove, and the force transmission rod is clamped in the rod groove.

6. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The second structural net includes a plurality of vertical supporting steel bars and a plurality of horizontal structural nets. The plurality of horizontal structural nets are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The vertical supporting steel bars are respectively connected to the plurality of horizontal structural nets to form a frame structure.

7. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil root system structure compartment includes a plurality of compartment units, and the plurality of compartment units are arranged around the tree roots.

8. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The compartment unit comprises: A compartment frame having a receiving cavity for the root system to freely extend; A cell wall, the cell wall is connected to one end of the compartment frame and is arranged toward the tree root, and the cell wall is provided with a plurality of openings for the root system to pass through; A plurality of first partitions, which are arranged at intervals on a first side of the compartment frame and are located in the accommodating cavity; A plurality of second partitions are arranged at intervals on the second side of the compartment frame and are located in the accommodating cavity; the second side is arranged opposite to the first side, and the plurality of second partitions are staggered with the plurality of first partitions.

9. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated road structure also includes a pre-buried monitoring system, which is used to detect the mechanical parameters and temperature field distribution of the surface drainage guide layer, the runoff retention storage, and the soil root system structure compartment.

10. The prefabricated road structure adapted to the free extension and anchoring of tree roots according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The surface drainage guide layer, the runoff retention storage device and the soil root system structure compartment are all cast by water-permeable and breathable concrete formed by modified shell biowaste. The production method of the modified shell biowaste includes: S1. Collect shell waste, rinse with deionized water, and then dry, grind and sieve; S2, mixing waste coffee grounds, oil sludge and waste cooking oil in a high-pressure reactor, adding water and continuing the reaction, and synthesizing bio-oil using multi-temperature gradient hydrothermal method; S3, after the multi-temperature gradient reaction, filtering the solid and separating the oil and water to obtain the composite bio-oil; S4. Soak the shell waste powder in bio-oil, stir and filter to obtain the modified shell bio-waste.

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