Vertically downward mechanical mining process for steeply inclined coal seam
By adopting vertical downward mechanized mining technology and flexible door hydraulic support in the acute inclined coal seam, combined with the back-facing coal cutting method of continuous coal miner and shuttle truck, the low efficiency and high safety risks of acute inclined coal seam are solved. The problem of efficient and safe coal mining has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411344286.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
During the mining process, the sharp inclined coal seam has problems such as low coal mining efficiency, high labor intensity, high safety risks and insufficient mechanized mining methods. Especially for coal seams with inclination angles above 80°, it is difficult for the existing technology to achieve efficient mechanized mining.
Using vertical downward mechanized mining technology, flexible door hydraulic support supports the top and bottom plates of the working surface, combined with a continuous coal mining machine and shuttle truck for backward cutting coal, realizing full-section mining, and through electro-hydraulic control and jack system Stable support and lowering of the bracket.
It improves coal mining efficiency, reduces workers' labor intensity, increases the ventilation area of the working face, ensures a safe and reliable mining process, avoids the need for frequent disassembly and assembly racks, and improves production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119195768A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steeply inclined coal seam mining, and in particular to a vertically downward mechanized mining process of a steeply inclined coal seam. Background Art
[0002] Steeply inclined coal seams refer to coal seams with an inclination angle greater than 45° during underground mining. Among them, for coal seams with larger inclination angles in steeply inclined coal seams, especially those above 80°, short-arm top coal caving working faces can be arranged for coal seams thicker than 20m, and single-arm coal mining machines can be used for mechanical mining. For thin coal seams below 3m, most of the working faces adopt artificial blasting with pseudo-inclined flexible shielding, with single pillars and flexible shielding hydraulic supports supporting the top and bottom plates. People work under the supports, and the support is lowered by the gravity of the upper rock. During the advancement of the working face, it is necessary to frequently dismantle and install the supports. The coal mining working face has problems such as narrow space, small effective ventilation section, high labor intensity of workers, and low mining efficiency. At the same time, the blasting coal caving process is backward and has great safety risks. It is a mining method that is about to be eliminated. Most of the medium and thick coal seams below 10m adopt blasting, combined with single pillars, and horizontal segmented mining. There are problems such as low mining efficiency, high labor intensity, and high risk factor. So far, there is no effective mechanized mining method and mining support equipment.
[0003] At present, bottom-climbing coal mining machines are also used to cut coal. Although mechanized mining can be achieved, the mining efficiency is not high. During the advancement of the working face, there are still problems such as the need to frequently dismantle and install the frame.
[0004] Therefore, we need to seek a new mining technology that is suitable for steeply inclined coal seams to improve the efficiency and mineability of coal in steeply inclined coal seams. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a mechanized mining process for steeply inclined coal seams vertically downward. The entire mining system of the present invention adopts mechanized and intelligent mining equipment, with high production efficiency and large production capacity. The "umbrella"-shaped flexible gantry hydraulic support stably supports the top and bottom plates of the working face, making the working face have a large ventilation area, safe and reliable. The working face does not need to be frequently dismantled and installed during the advancement process, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve production efficiency.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process, which is specifically carried out in the following steps: (1) The working face for vertical downward mining is arranged along the length of the mining line, and the return air shaft and the transport shaft are arranged at both ends of the working face; (ii) Use flexible portal hydraulic supports to support the top and bottom plates of the working surface; (3) One or more coal chutes shall be arranged in the middle of the working face according to the situation; (iv) Two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment are arranged on the working face. The two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment cut coal in reverse directions to completely mine all the coal in the entire working face.
[0007] Based on the above, the flexible portal hydraulic support includes an upper leg, a lower leg, a long top beam, a short top beam and a supporting jack. The upper leg is placed on one side of the top plate of the working surface and supports the top plate of the working surface. The lower leg is placed on one side of the bottom plate of the working surface and supports the bottom plate of the working surface. The upper end of the upper leg is hinged to the first end of the long top beam, the second end of the long top beam is hinged to the first end of the short top beam, and the second end of the short top beam is hinged to the upper end of the lower leg. The upper leg, the long top beam, the short top beam and the lower leg make the hydraulic support an "umbrella" shaped portal structure as a whole. The supporting jack is hinged between the upper leg and the lower leg. A cantilever beam jack is hinged between the leg and the long top beam, and a connecting rod located below the short top beam is hinged between the long top beam and the lower leg. The long top beam, the short top beam, the lower leg and the connecting rod form a double-link four-bar linkage mechanism. The upper leg and the lower leg are both box structures with open lower ends. Telescopic legs extending downward are slidably arranged inside the upper leg and the lower leg. Leg telescopic jacks connected to corresponding telescopic legs and driving corresponding telescopic legs to slide are installed on opposite sides of the upper leg and the lower leg. Side guard plates are arranged on the upper leg, the lower leg, the long top beam and the short top beam.
[0008] Based on the above, a plurality of anti-slip strips are arranged at intervals on the opposite sides of the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg.
[0009] Based on the above, a first stabilizing jack is also fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper side of the upper leg, the open end of the cylinder of the first stabilizing jack is away from the lower leg and is placed on the side of the upper leg facing away from the lower leg, and the extended end of the piston rod of the first stabilizing jack is coaxially fixed with a first top; A second stabilizing jack is also fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper side of the lower leg. The open end of the cylinder of the second stabilizing jack is away from the upper leg and is placed on a side of the lower leg facing away from the upper leg. A second top is coaxially fixedly arranged on the extended end of the piston rod of the second stabilizing jack.
[0010] Based on the above, in step (ii), the specific operation of the flexible gantry hydraulic support supporting the top plate and bottom plate of the working face is: through electro-hydraulic control, the support jack is extended, and the support jack holds the upper leg and the lower leg tightly against the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face respectively; at the same time, the telescopic legs at the lower ends of the upper leg and the lower leg can be supported on the coal seam under the action of the leg telescopic jack to provide auxiliary supporting force; when the hydraulic support is adjusted into place, the first top is inserted into the top plate of the working face under the push of the first stabilizing jack, and the second top is inserted into the bottom plate of the working face under the push of the second stabilizing jack, so that the hydraulic support stably supports the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face, and together with the anti-slip strip, prevents the hydraulic support from sliding down, providing ample safety space for workers and coal mining and transportation equipment working under the hydraulic support.
[0011] Based on the above, the coal mining and transportation equipment in step (iv) is a continuous coal mining machine and a shuttle car. After the continuous coal mining machine cuts the coal, it unloads the coal onto the shuttle car, and the shuttle car transfers the coal to the coal chute and transports it out of the working face.
[0012] Based on the above, step (iv) is specifically as follows: after a layer of coal is mined on the working face, the first set of continuous coal miners relies on its own lying volume to mine coal from the starting position downward, and the mining face becomes a slope. When the first set of continuous coal miners mines one step deeper (step height) downward, the first set of continuous coal miners starts to mine coal horizontally normally. When the first set of continuous coal miners cuts a certain distance, the second set of continuous coal miners retreats to the bottom of the slope, cuts coal horizontally in the opposite direction, and completes the mining of the slope coal; after the continuous coal miners cut the coal, the upper and lower legs of the rear hydraulic supports are extended through the leg telescopic jacks to seal the gangue in time and provide auxiliary support, and then the frames are lowered in turn. When lowering the frames, several hydraulic supports are required to transition and lower the frames to ensure that effective overlap is formed between adjacent hydraulic supports to avoid gangue leakage.
[0013] Based on the above, the continuous coal miner is not a full-section mining machine. It adopts a coal cutting operation cycle process to cut coal. When the continuous coal miner cuts coal at the bottom of the hydraulic support, the telescopic legs on one side of the hydraulic support are retracted, and the telescopic legs on the other side are extended to support the bottom coal seam and provide auxiliary support force. The specific coal cutting operation cycle process is: the continuous coal miner and the shuttle car transportation are calculated and the step distance is planned to ensure that the continuous coal miner cuts one piece of coal just for the rated loading capacity of the shuttle car. The continuous coal miner cuts the first piece of coal and unloads it onto the shuttle car. The coal cuts the left half of the entire section. While the shuttle car is transporting the first cut of coal to the coal chute, the continuous coal mining machine is adjusted to prepare to cut the second cut of coal. After the shuttle car is transported back, it is connected with the continuous coal mining machine and the continuous coal mining machine begins to cut the second cut of coal. The second cut of coal cuts the right half of the entire section. Then, similarly, while the shuttle car is transporting the second cut of coal to the coal chute, the continuous coal mining machine is adjusted to prepare to cut the third cut of coal. The third cut of coal and the first cut of coal cut the left half of the entire section. This cycle continues, and the continuous coal mining machine can achieve full-section mining.
[0014] Based on the above, the hydraulic support lowering operation is as follows: through electro-hydraulic control, the first stabilizing jack and the second stabilizing jack are retracted, the supporting jack is depressurized, and at the same time, the two leg telescopic jacks are controlled to be retracted synchronously, and the lowering is achieved by relying on the upper gangue and the gravity of the hydraulic support itself.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress. Specifically, the present invention arranges the working face for vertical downward mining in the length direction of the mining line, and arranges the return air shaft and the transport shaft at both ends of the working face to respectively ensure the ventilation of the working face and the transportation of pedestrians and materials. A flexible gantry hydraulic support is arranged on the working face, and the entire hydraulic support is an "umbrella" shaped gantry structure. Through the extension of the support jack, the upper leg and the lower leg can effectively support the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face respectively, providing ample safety space for personnel and mechanized mining equipment to work under the hydraulic support. Two sets of continuous coal mining machines and shuttle cars are arranged on the working face, and the two sets of continuous coal mining machines and shuttle cars cut coal in reverse to ensure that the coal of the entire working face can be completely mined. One or more coal chutes are arranged in the middle of the working face according to the situation, and the shuttle car unloads the coal into the coal chute and transports it out of the working face, which is convenient and fast. The flexible gantry hydraulic support can rely on the upper gangue and its own gravity to lower the frame, and the electro-hydraulic control system is used manually to assist in lowering the frame. The side guard plates can also be used to adjust the hydraulic support's posture to prevent it from tipping over.
[0016] The entire mining system adopts mechanized and intelligent mining equipment with high production efficiency and large production capacity. The "umbrella"-shaped flexible portal hydraulic support stably supports the top and bottom plates of the working face, making the working face have a large ventilation area and is safe and reliable. The working face does not need to be frequently dismantled and installed during the advancement process, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the working surface arrangement of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view of the cross section of the working surface arrangement of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible door type hydraulic support of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the continuous coal mining machine of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shuttle car of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the coal cutting operation cycle process of the continuous coal mining machine of the present invention.
[0023] In the figure: 1. Return air shaft; 2. Transport shaft; 3. Flexible portal hydraulic support; 4. Roof; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Coal chute; 7. Upper support leg; 8. Lower support leg; 9. Long top beam; 10. Short top beam; 11. Support jack; 12. Cantilever beam jack; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Telescopic support leg; 15. Telescopic support leg jack; 16. Side guard plate; 17. Anti-slip strip; 18. First stabilizing jack; 19. First centering point; 20. Second stabilizing jack; 21. Second centering point; 22. Continuous coal mining machine; 23. Shuttle car. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific implementation methods.
[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process is specifically carried out in the following steps: (i) The working face for vertical downward mining is arranged along the length direction of the mining line, and the return air shaft 1 and the transport shaft 2 are arranged at both ends of the working face respectively; the return air shaft 1 is used for ventilation of the working face, and the transport shaft 2 is used for transportation of pedestrians and materials; (ii) using a flexible portal hydraulic support 3 to support the top plate 4 and bottom plate 5 of the working surface; (iii) one or more coal chutes 6 are arranged in the middle of the working face according to the situation; (iv) Two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment are arranged on the working face. The two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment cut coal in reverse directions to completely mine all the coal in the entire working face.
[0026] The flexible gantry hydraulic support 3 includes an upper leg 7, a lower leg 8, a long top beam 9, a short top beam 10 and a supporting jack 11. The upper leg 7 is placed on one side of the working surface top plate 4 and supports the working surface top plate 4. The lower leg 8 is placed on one side of the working surface bottom plate 5 and supports the working surface bottom plate 5. The upper end of the upper leg 7 is hinged to the first end of the long top beam 9, the second end of the long top beam 9 is hinged to the first end of the short top beam 10, and the second end of the short top beam 10 is hinged to the upper end of the lower leg 8. The upper leg 7, the long top beam 9, the short top beam 10 and the lower leg 8 make the hydraulic support as a whole an "umbrella" shaped gantry structure. The supporting jack 11 is hinged between the upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8. The upper leg 7 and the long top beam 9 is also hinged with a cantilever beam jack 12, and a connecting rod 13 located below the short top beam 10 is also hinged between the long top beam 9 and the lower leg 8. The long top beam 9, the short top beam 10, the lower leg 8 and the connecting rod 13 form a double-link four-link mechanism 13. The upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8 are both box structures with open lower ends. The upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8 are both slidably provided with telescopic legs 14 extending downward. The opposite sides of the upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8 are both installed with leg telescopic jacks 15 connected to the corresponding telescopic legs 14 and driving the corresponding telescopic legs 14 to slide. The upper leg 7, the lower leg 8, the long top beam 9 and the short top beam 10 are all provided with side guard plates 16. During normal operation, the side guard plate 16 is in a pop-up state, which is used to seal the gap between adjacent hydraulic supports. When the hydraulic support is tilted, the side push jack inside the hydraulic support is controlled by electro-hydraulic control to move the side guard plate 16 outward, adjust the posture of the hydraulic support, achieve side adjustment, and prevent the hydraulic support from tipping over.
[0027] On the opposite sides of the upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8, a plurality of anti-skid strips 17 are arranged at intervals. The anti-skid strips 17 can increase the friction between the hydraulic support and the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 of the working surface to prevent the hydraulic support from sliding down.
[0028] A first stabilizing jack 18 is also fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper side of the upper leg 7. The open end of the cylinder of the first stabilizing jack 18 is away from the lower leg 8 and is placed on the side of the upper leg 7 facing away from the lower leg 8. A first top 19 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the extended end of the piston rod of the first stabilizing jack 18. A second stabilizing jack 20 is also fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper side of the lower leg 8. The open end of the cylinder of the second stabilizing jack 20 is away from the upper leg 7 and is placed on the side of the lower leg 8 facing away from the upper leg 7. A second top 21 is coaxially fixedly provided on the extended end of the piston rod of the second stabilizing jack 20.
[0029] In step (ii), the specific operation of the flexible gantry hydraulic support 3 supporting the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 of the working face is: through electro-hydraulic control, the supporting jack 11 is extended, and the supporting jack 11 respectively supports the upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8 to tighten the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 of the working face. At the same time, the telescopic legs 14 at the lower ends of the upper leg 7 and the lower leg 8 can be supported on the coal seam under the action of the leg telescopic jack 15 to provide auxiliary supporting force. When the hydraulic support is adjusted into place, the first top 19 is inserted into the top plate 4 of the working face under the push of the first stabilizing jack 18, and the second top 21 is inserted into the bottom plate 5 of the working face under the push of the second stabilizing jack 20, so that the hydraulic support stably supports the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 of the working face, and together with the anti-slip strip 17, it prevents the hydraulic support from sliding down, providing ample safety space for workers and coal mining and transportation equipment to work under the hydraulic support.
[0030] The coal mining and transportation equipment in step (iv) is a continuous coal mining machine 22 and a shuttle car 23. After cutting the coal, the continuous coal mining machine 22 unloads the coal onto the shuttle car 23, and the shuttle car 23 transfers the coal to the coal chute 6 and transports it out of the working face.
[0031] Step (iv) is specifically as follows: after a layer of coal is mined on the working face, the first set of continuous coal mining machines 22 mines coal from the starting position downwards by relying on its own lying volume, and the mining face becomes a slope. When the first set of continuous coal mining machines 22 mines one step of depth (step height) downwards, the first set of continuous coal mining machines 22 begins to mine coal horizontally in normal manner. When the first set of continuous coal mining machines 22 cuts a certain distance, the second set of continuous coal mining machines 22 retreats to the bottom of the slope, cuts coal horizontally in the opposite direction, and completes the mining of the slope coal; after the continuous coal mining machines 22 cut the coal, the upper legs 7 and the lower legs 8 of the rear hydraulic supports thereof extend the telescopic legs 14 through the leg telescopic jacks 15, seal the gangue in time and provide auxiliary support, and then lower the supports in turn. When lowering the supports, several hydraulic supports are required to transitionally lower the supports to ensure that effective overlap is formed between adjacent hydraulic supports to avoid gangue leakage.
[0032] The continuous coal mining machine 22 is a non-full-section mining machine. It adopts a coal cutting operation cycle process to cut coal. When the continuous coal mining machine 22 cuts coal at the bottom of the hydraulic support, the telescopic support leg 14 on one side of the hydraulic support is retracted, and the telescopic support leg 14 on the other side is extended to support the bottom coal seam and provide auxiliary support force. The specific coal cutting operation cycle process is: the continuous coal mining machine 22 and the shuttle car 23 are calculated and the step distance is planned to ensure that the continuous coal mining machine 22 cuts one cut of coal just to the rated loading capacity of the shuttle car 23. The continuous coal mining machine 22 cuts the first cut of coal and unloads it onto the shuttle car 23. The first cut of coal Cut the left half of the whole section. During the period when the shuttle car 23 transfers the first cut of coal to the coal chute 6, the continuous coal mining machine 22 is adjusted to prepare for cutting the second cut of coal. After the shuttle car 23 is transferred back, it overlaps with the continuous coal mining machine 22. The continuous coal mining machine 22 starts to cut the second cut of coal. The second cut of coal cuts the right half of the whole section. Then, similarly, during the period when the shuttle car 23 transfers the second cut of coal to the coal chute 6, the continuous coal mining machine 22 is adjusted to prepare for cutting the third cut of coal. The third cut of coal and the first cut of coal cut the left half of the whole section. In this way, the continuous coal mining machine 22 can realize full-section mining. The coal cutting operation cycle of the continuous coal mining machine 22 can ensure that the flexible gantry hydraulic support 3 has sufficient support and stability when the working face is mined, and can effectively utilize the cycle time to improve the efficiency of coal mining operations.
[0033] The hydraulic support lowering operation is as follows: through electro-hydraulic control, the first stabilizing jack 18 and the second stabilizing jack 20 are retracted, the supporting jack 11 is depressurized, and at the same time, the two leg telescopic jacks 15 are controlled to be retracted synchronously, and the lowering is achieved by relying on the upper gangue and the gravity of the hydraulic support itself.
[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A vertical downward mechanized mining process for steeply inclined coal seams, characterized in that: Follow these steps: (1) The working face for vertical downward mining is arranged along the length of the mining line, and the return air shaft and the transport shaft are arranged at both ends of the working face; (ii) Use flexible portal hydraulic supports to support the top and bottom plates of the working surface; (3) One or more coal chutes shall be arranged in the middle of the working face according to the situation; (iv) Two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment are arranged on the working face. The two sets of coal mining and transportation equipment cut coal in reverse directions to completely mine all the coal in the entire working face.
2. The steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flexible portal hydraulic support includes an upper leg, a lower leg, a long top beam, a short top beam and a supporting jack. The upper leg is placed on one side of the top plate of the working surface and supports the top plate of the working surface. The lower leg is placed on one side of the bottom plate of the working surface and supports the bottom plate of the working surface. The upper end of the upper leg is hinged to the first end of the long top beam, the second end of the long top beam is hinged to the first end of the short top beam, and the second end of the short top beam is hinged to the upper end of the lower leg. The upper leg, the long top beam, the short top beam and the lower leg make the hydraulic support an "umbrella" shaped portal structure as a whole. The supporting jack is hinged between the upper leg and the lower leg. The upper leg is hinged to the first end of the long top beam, the second end of the short top beam is hinged to the first end of the short top beam, and the second end of the short top beam is hinged to the upper end of the lower leg. A cantilever beam jack is also hinged between the long top beams, and a connecting rod located below the short top beam is also hinged between the long top beam and the lower leg. The long top beam, the short top beam, the lower leg and the connecting rod form a double-link four-bar linkage mechanism. The upper leg and the lower leg are both box structures with open lower ends. Telescopic legs extending downward are slidably arranged inside the upper leg and the lower leg. Leg telescopic jacks connected to the corresponding telescopic legs and driving the corresponding telescopic legs to slide are installed on the opposite sides of the upper leg and the lower leg. Side guard plates are arranged on the upper leg, the lower leg, the long top beam and the short top beam.
3. The vertical downward mechanized mining process of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of anti-slip strips are arranged at intervals on the opposite sides of the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg.
4. The vertical downward mechanized mining process of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 3 is characterized by: A first stabilizing jack is also fixedly embedded through the middle of the upper side of the upper leg, the open end of the cylinder of the first stabilizing jack is away from the lower leg and is placed on the side of the upper leg facing away from the lower leg, and a first top is coaxially fixedly arranged on the extended end of the piston rod of the first stabilizing jack; A second stabilizing jack is also fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper side of the lower leg. The open end of the cylinder of the second stabilizing jack is away from the upper leg and is placed on a side of the lower leg facing away from the upper leg. A second top is coaxially fixedly arranged on the extended end of the piston rod of the second stabilizing jack.
5. The vertical downward mechanized mining process of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step (ii), the specific operation of the flexible gantry hydraulic support supporting the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face is: through electro-hydraulic control, the supporting jack is extended, and the supporting jack respectively supports the upper leg and the lower leg to tighten the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face; at the same time, the telescopic legs at the lower ends of the upper leg and the lower leg can be supported on the coal seam under the action of the leg telescopic jack to provide auxiliary supporting force; when the hydraulic support is adjusted into place, the first top is inserted into the top plate of the working face under the push of the first stabilizing jack, and the second top is inserted into the bottom plate of the working face under the push of the second stabilizing jack, so that the hydraulic support stably supports the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face, and together with the anti-slip strip, prevents the hydraulic support from sliding down, providing ample safety space for workers and coal mining and transportation equipment working under the hydraulic support.
6. The steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process according to claim 5 is characterized by: The coal mining and transportation equipment in step (iv) is a continuous coal mining machine and a shuttle car. After the continuous coal mining machine cuts the coal, it unloads the coal onto the shuttle car, and the shuttle car transfers the coal to the coal chute and transports it out of the working face.
7. The steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process according to claim 6 is characterized by: Step (iv) is specifically as follows: after a layer of coal is mined on the working face, the first set of continuous coal mining machines relies on its own lying volume to mine coal from the starting position downward, and the mining face becomes a slope. When the first set of continuous coal mining machines mines one step of depth (step height) downward, the first set of continuous coal mining machines begins to mine coal horizontally normally. When the first set of continuous coal mining machines cuts a certain distance, the second set of continuous coal mining machines retreats to the bottom of the slope, cuts coal horizontally in the opposite direction, and completes the mining of the slope coal. After the continuous coal mining machine cuts coal, the upper and lower legs of the rear hydraulic support are extended through the leg telescopic jacks to seal the gangue in time and provide auxiliary support, and then the frame is lowered in turn. When lowering the frame, several hydraulic supports are required to transition and lower the frame to ensure that effective overlap is formed between adjacent hydraulic supports to avoid gangue leakage.
8. The steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process according to claim 7 is characterized by: The continuous coal miner's coal cutting is non-full-section mining. It adopts a coal cutting operation cycle process to cut coal. When the continuous coal miner cuts coal at the bottom of the hydraulic support, the telescopic legs on one side of the hydraulic support are retracted, and the telescopic legs on the other side are extended to support the bottom coal seam and provide auxiliary support force; the specific coal cutting operation cycle process is: the continuous coal miner's coal cutting and shuttle car transportation are calculated and the step distance is planned to ensure that the continuous coal miner cuts one piece of coal just for the rated loading capacity of the shuttle car. The continuous coal miner cuts the first piece of coal and unloads it onto the shuttle car. The first piece of coal is cut Cut the left half of the entire section. While the shuttle car is transporting the first cut of coal to the coal chute, the continuous coal mining machine is adjusted to prepare for cutting the second cut of coal. After the shuttle car is transported back, it is connected with the continuous coal mining machine and the continuous coal mining machine begins to cut the second cut of coal. The second cut of coal cuts the right half of the entire section. Then, similarly, while the shuttle car is transporting the second cut of coal to the coal chute, the continuous coal mining machine is adjusted to prepare for cutting the third cut of coal. The third cut of coal and the first cut of coal cut the left half of the entire section. This cycle continues, and the continuous coal mining machine can achieve full-section mining.
9. The steeply inclined coal seam vertical downward mechanized mining process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydraulic support lowering operation is as follows: through electro-hydraulic control, the first stabilizing jack and the second stabilizing jack are retracted, the supporting jack is depressurized, and at the same time, the two leg telescopic jacks are controlled to be retracted synchronously, and the lowering is achieved by relying on the upper gangue and the hydraulic support's own gravity.