Damping-adjustable shock absorber with variable piston

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and discloses a damping-adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston, when the damping-adjustable shock absorber is used, an adjusting knob is utilized to enable an adjusting rod to move axially, and the adjusting rod is used for adjusting the pressure of internal high-pressure gas; the variable piston is internally provided with a channel connected with the interior of the hollow piston rod, and the exterior is fixedly connected with a rubber sleeve through a piston end cover; a gap is formed between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder, and damping force can be generated when oil passes through the gap; the gap between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder can be adjusted by changing the pressure of the high-pressure gas in the rubber sleeve, so that the damping force is changed, and the damping effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular to a damping-adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the vehicle suspension system, automobile shock absorbers are responsible for reducing vehicle bumps and vibrations, improving driving stability and handling. With the continuous development of automobile technology, the introduction of adjustable damping technology is of great necessity and significance to the development of shock absorbers, which is mainly reflected in:

[0003] 1) Improve driving comfort: Adjustable damping technology can adjust the damping force of the shock absorber according to different road conditions and driving environment, thereby reducing the bumps and vibrations of the vehicle during driving and improving riding comfort, especially when facing different road conditions or high driving speeds, it can provide better shock absorption effect.

[0004] 2) Enhance driving stability: Adjustable damping technology can help the vehicle maintain a stable suspension state, reduce the vehicle's roll and sway during sharp turns, high-speed driving or emergency braking, improve driving stability, and enhance the driver's sense of control and safety of the vehicle.

[0005] 3) Improved handling performance: Adjustable dampers can be adjusted according to the driver's driving style and preferences, changing the vehicle's suspension characteristics and improving the vehicle's handling performance. The driver can adjust the damping force as needed to adapt to different driving environments and road conditions, providing a more personalized driving experience.

[0006] 4) Adapt to diverse needs: Different driving conditions and road conditions require different damping effects. By introducing adjustable damping technology, the shock absorber can adapt to various driving needs, meet the driver's diverse needs for comfort, stability and handling, and provide a more flexible and comprehensive adjustment solution.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention proposes a damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston to achieve the function of adjustable damping. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston comprises a working cylinder and a left end cover and a right end cover respectively arranged at both ends of the working cylinder; a variable piston assembly is arranged inside the working cylinder, and the variable piston assembly comprises a variable piston, a shock absorber piston and a hollow piston rod; the shock absorber piston and the variable piston are respectively connected to the hollow piston rod, placed in the working cylinder and divide the working cylinder into a compression chamber and a restoring chamber, a working gap is arranged between the variable piston and the inner wall of the working cylinder, the size of the working gap can be changed by adjusting the variable piston, and oil can flow between the compression chamber and the restoring chamber through the working gap, thereby changing the damping force.

[0011] Furthermore, the variable piston includes a piston body and a rubber sleeve; a gas channel is provided inside the piston body, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through a piston end cover, and the rubber sleeve is connected to the inside of the hollow piston rod through the gas channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a working gap is provided between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder, and the size of the gap is changed by pneumatic adjustment. When oil passes through, the damping force can be changed to improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0013] Furthermore, an adjusting rod is provided inside the hollow piston rod, and the adjusting rod moves axially to change the gas containing space of the hollow piston rod, thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas inside the hollow piston rod.

[0014] Furthermore, an adjusting knob is provided at the end of the hollow piston rod, and the adjusting knob is in contact with the adjusting rod and is used for axial adjustment of the hollow piston rod.

[0015] Furthermore, valve plates are provided on both sides of the shock absorber piston. When the oil passes through the valve plates, a pressure difference is generated at the valve plates due to the viscosity and flow resistance of the oil. This pressure difference is the source of the damping force. The valve plates control the flow path and speed of the oil inside the shock absorber through their opening and closing states, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the damping force. The shock absorber has two strokes, compression and recovery, and the valve plates on the left and right sides act in different strokes.

[0016] There is a hole in the middle of the valve plate, which is superimposed on the piston rod. One side is attached to the piston and the other side is restricted by a block. The valve plate will not move. Only the outer edge is deformed by force to allow oil to pass through.

[0017] There are piston holes on the shock absorber piston so that the oil can flow back and forth. During operation, the valve plate is deformed by the pressure of the oil, and the size of the deformation will affect the damping force. (Different models and speeds require different damping forces, so it is necessary to adjust the composition, thickness, diameter, quantity, etc. of the valve plate)

[0018] The right side of the variable piston contacts the valve plate, so that the oil passes through the valve plate and enters the gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, an O-ring V is provided between the working cylinder and the left end cover, an O-ring I is provided between the working cylinder and the right end cover, an O-ring II is provided between the adjusting rod and the inner wall of the hollow piston rod, an O-ring III is provided between the shock absorber piston and the working cylinder, and an O-ring IV is provided between the floating piston and the working cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, a floating piston is provided in the working cylinder between the left end cover and the variable piston assembly, and nitrogen is filled between the floating piston and the left end cover.

[0021] When in use, the adjusting knob is used to move the adjusting rod axially to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas; a channel is provided inside the variable piston, which is connected to the inside of the hollow piston rod, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through the piston end cover; there is a gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder, and a damping force can be generated when oil passes through; the rubber sleeve can adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the working cylinder according to the change of the internal high-pressure gas pressure, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the gap between the variable piston and the working cylinder is adjusted pneumatically to achieve the function of adjusting the damping force, wherein the pneumatic adjustment can achieve rapid air pressure adjustment, fast response speed, and stable adjustment, which can keep the vehicle in a stable suspension state during driving, reduce the bumps and vibrations of the vehicle, and improve ride comfort. Compared with the traditional mechanical suspension system, the pneumatic adjustment is usually lighter in weight and can be integrated with other systems, such as electronic control systems, intelligent driving assistance systems, etc., to achieve more functions and optimization effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the piston after the change of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a variable piston of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rubber sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shock absorber piston of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the valve plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of oil flow when the shock absorber of the present invention is working;

[0030] In the figure: 1-left lifting ring, 2-left end cover, 3-working cylinder, 4-nitrogen, 5-floating piston, 6-piston end cover, 7-variable piston, 8-rubber sleeve, 9-shock absorber piston, 10-valve plate, 11-hollow piston rod, 12-right end cover, 13-O-type sealing ring I, 14-oil, 15-adjusting rod, 16-O-type sealing ring II, 17-O-type sealing ring III, 18-high pressure gas, 19-O-type sealing ring IV, 20-O-type sealing ring V, 21-adjusting knob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston includes a left lifting ring 1, a left end cover 2, a working cylinder 3, nitrogen 4, a floating piston 5, a piston end cover 6, a variable piston 7, a rubber sleeve 8, a shock absorber piston 9, a valve plate 10, a hollow piston rod 11, a right end cover 12, oil 14, an adjusting rod 15, a high-pressure gas 18, and an adjusting knob 21.

[0034] The floating piston 5 separates the air chamber from the oil and is equipped with a large-section O-ring or other sealing element to ensure that the oil and the high-pressure nitrogen in the air chamber do not mix, while allowing the floating piston to move freely. The volume of the working cylinder changes due to the in and out of the shock absorber piston rod. The high-pressure nitrogen in the air chamber then compensates for the volume change of the working cylinder by pushing the floating piston up and down. When the shock absorber is compressed, the oil in the working chamber will push the floating piston downward, thereby compressing the nitrogen in the air chamber; when the shock absorber rebounds, the compressed nitrogen will push the floating piston upward to help the oil return. (When the shock absorber is actually installed, it is installed vertically, with the right side of the figure being the top and the left side being the bottom)

[0035] The shock absorber piston 9 and the variable piston 7 are connected to the hollow piston rod 11, placed in the working cylinder 3 and divided into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber, and can move in the working cylinder 3; the oil 14 can flow in the compression chamber and the recovery chamber through the piston 9 and the variable piston 7. Figure 1 The left side is the compression chamber, and the right side is the recovery chamber)

[0036] The adjusting rod 15 is disposed in the hollow piston rod 11 and can move axially to compress the high-pressure gas 18 inside the hollow piston rod 11 ; the adjusting knob 21 is disposed at the end of the hollow piston rod 11 and contacts the adjusting rod 15 , and is used to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas 18 .

[0037] A passage is provided inside the variable piston 7 and is connected to the inside of the hollow piston rod 11 ; a rubber sleeve 8 (similar in structure to an airbag and capable of expansion and contraction) is fixedly connected to the outside of the variable piston 7 through a piston end cover 6 .

[0038] There is a gap between the rubber sleeve 8 and the working cylinder 3, and damping force can be generated when the oil 14 passes through; the rubber sleeve 8 can adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the working cylinder 3 by changing the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas 18, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0039] The right side of the variable piston 7 contacts the valve plate 10 , so that the oil 14 passes through the valve plate 10 and enters the gap between the rubber sleeve 8 and the working cylinder 3 .

[0040] O-ring I 13, O-ring II 16, O-ring III 17, O-ring IV 19 and O-ring V 20 are arranged at key positions to ensure sealing.

[0041] In this example, an adjusting knob is used to move the adjusting rod axially to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas; a channel is provided inside the variable piston to connect to the inside of the hollow piston rod, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through the piston end cover; there is a gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder, and a damping force can be generated when oil passes through; the rubber sleeve can adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the working cylinder according to the change of the internal high-pressure gas pressure, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] The process of oil flowing through the gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder belongs to annular gap throttling, and the theoretical formula is: Where Q is the flow rate, D is the inner diameter of the shock absorber working cylinder, μ is the oil viscosity, and δ is the gap width. By adjusting δ, part of the damping force ΔP can be changed.

[0044] Flow process: Figure 7 As shown, during the compression stroke, the piston rod extends into the working cylinder, the piston moves to the left, and the oil enters the recovery chamber from the left to the right through the gap, the piston hole, and the valve plate; during the recovery stroke, the piston rod exits the working cylinder, the piston moves to the right, and the oil enters the compression chamber from the right to the left through the piston hole, the valve plate, and the gap. (Since the shock absorber is actually installed vertically, the left corresponds to the bottom and the right corresponds to the top)

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber, comprising a working cylinder (3) and a left end cover (2) and a right end cover (12) respectively arranged at both ends of the working cylinder (3); characterized in that: A variable piston assembly is provided inside the working cylinder (3), and the variable piston assembly comprises a variable piston (7), a shock absorber piston (9) and a hollow piston rod (11); the shock absorber piston (9) and the variable piston (7) are respectively connected to the hollow piston rod (11), and are placed in the working cylinder (3) to divide the working cylinder (3) into a compression chamber and a restoring chamber; a working gap is provided between the variable piston (7) and the inner wall of the working cylinder (3); the size of the working gap can be changed by adjusting the variable piston (7); oil can flow between the compression chamber and the restoring chamber through the working gap, thereby changing the damping force.

2. The variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable piston (7) comprises a piston body and a rubber sleeve (8); a gas passage is provided inside the piston body, and the outside of the piston body is fixedly connected to the rubber sleeve (8) via a piston end cover (6); the rubber sleeve (8) is connected to the inside of a hollow piston rod (11) via the gas passage.

3. The variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: A working gap is provided between the rubber sleeve (8) and the inner wall of the working cylinder (3). The size of the gap can be changed by pneumatic adjustment. When oil passes through, the damping force can be changed, thereby improving the vibration reduction effect.

4. The variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting rod (15) is arranged inside the hollow piston rod (11), and the adjusting rod (15) moves axially to change the gas containing space of the hollow piston rod (11), thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas inside the hollow piston rod (11).

5. The variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting knob (21) is provided at the end of the hollow piston rod (11); the adjusting knob (21) is in contact with the adjusting rod (15) and is used for axial adjustment of the hollow piston rod (11).

6. The variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Valve plates (10) are respectively provided on both sides of the shock absorber piston (9), and a side of the variable piston (7) close to the shock absorber piston (9) contacts the valve plate on a side of the shock absorber piston (9) close to the variable piston (7).

7. The variable piston damper with adjustable damping according to claim 4, characterized in that: A floating piston (5) is provided in the working cylinder (3) between the left end cover (2) and the variable piston assembly, and nitrogen is filled between the floating piston (5) and the left end cover (2).

8. The variable piston damper with adjustable damping according to claim 7, characterized in that: An O-ring V (20) is provided between the working cylinder (3) and the left end cover (2), an O-ring I (13) is provided between the working cylinder (3) and the right end cover (12), an O-ring II (16) is provided between the adjusting rod (15) and the inner wall of the hollow piston rod (11), an O-ring III (17) is provided between the shock absorber piston (9) and the working cylinder (3), and an O-ring IV (19) is provided between the floating piston (5) and the working cylinder (3).

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