Sample detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sample detection, particularly provides a sample detection device and a detection method, and aims to solve the problem that existing neutron imaging equipment cannot detect internal component information of a sample. In order to achieve the purpose, the sample detection device comprises a neutron generation device used for generating a neutron beam; a receiving port of the imaging device faces a transmitting port of the neutron generating device, so that the neutron beam can enter the imaging device after penetrating through a sample to be detected; and the neutron activation analysis device is positioned between the neutron generation device and the imaging device, so that characteristic radiation generated after the neutron beam bombards the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device. According to the invention, simultaneous detection of structural features and internal components of the sample can be realized, so that the comprehensiveness of sample detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sample detection, and specifically provides a sample detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Neutron imaging is a relatively mature nondestructive testing technology. It obtains the light signal after the neutron beam passes through the sample to be tested, and converts the above light signal into an image through specific imaging technology, thereby obtaining the internal structure information of the sample to be tested.

[0003] However, although the above-mentioned neutron imaging method can detect the internal structural defects of the sample, it is impossible to obtain the composition information of the sample, so it is difficult to achieve a comprehensive detection of the sample.

[0004] Accordingly, the art needs a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the existing neutron imaging equipment cannot detect the internal composition information of the sample.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a sample detection device, comprising:

[0007] A neutron generating device, which is used to generate a neutron beam;

[0008] An imaging device, whose receiving port faces the transmitting port of the neutron generating device, so that the neutron beam can enter the imaging device after passing through the sample to be detected;

[0009] The neutron activation analysis device is located between the neutron generating device and the imaging device, so that the characteristic radiation generated after the neutron beam bombards the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device.

[0010] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the normal direction of the emission port of the neutron generating device is perpendicular to the normal direction of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device.

[0011] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the sample detection device further includes:

[0012] Main track;

[0013] The first base is slidably arranged on the main guide rail, and the imaging device and the neutron activation analysis device are both fixedly arranged on the first base.

[0014] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the sample detection device further includes:

[0015] A first base is slidably disposed on the main rail, and the imaging device is fixedly disposed on the first base;

[0016] The second base is slidably arranged on the main rail, and the second base is located between the neutron generating device and the first base, and the neutron activation analysis device is fixedly arranged on the second base.

[0017] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the neutron generating device includes a shielding chamber and a neutron source arranged in the shielding chamber, and the shielding chamber has an opening;

[0018] The sample detection device further includes a first slowing down collimating wall and a second slowing down collimating wall. The thickness of the first slowing down collimating wall is greater than the thickness of the second slowing down collimating wall. The first slowing down collimating wall and the second slowing down collimating wall can be installed in the opening respectively.

[0019] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the sample detection device further includes:

[0020] A carrier frame is slidably arranged on the main guide rail, a first sub-guide rail is arranged on the carrier frame, an extension direction of the first sub-guide rail is perpendicular to an extension direction of the main guide rail, the first slowing down collimator wall and the second slowing down collimator wall can be slidably installed on the first sub-guide rail respectively, and the carrier frame slides toward the opening direction so that the first slowing down collimator wall or the second slowing down collimator wall closes the opening.

[0021] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the sample detection device further includes:

[0022] A second auxiliary guide rail and a third auxiliary guide rail, both of which are connected to the main guide rail, the first slowing down collimating wall is slidably disposed on the second auxiliary guide rail, and the second slowing down collimating wall is slidably disposed on the third auxiliary guide rail;

[0023] The extension directions of the second and third sub-guide rails are both parallel to the extension direction of the first sub-guide rail. When the carrier frame slides along the main guide rail, the first sub-guide rail can be respectively engaged with the second sub-guide rail or the third sub-guide rail, so that the first slowing down collimating wall slides along the second sub-guide rail to the first sub-guide rail, or the second slowing down collimating wall slides along the third sub-guide rail to the first sub-guide rail.

[0024] In a technical solution of the above sample detection device, the second secondary guide rail and the third secondary guide rail are located on the same side of the primary guide rail.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a sample detection method, which detects a sample to be detected based on a sample detection device, wherein the sample detection device comprises:

[0026] A neutron generating device, which is used to generate a neutron beam;

[0027] An imaging device, whose receiving port faces the transmitting port of the neutron generating device, so that the neutron beam can enter the imaging device after passing through the sample to be detected;

[0028] A neutron activation analysis device, which is located between the neutron generating device and the imaging device, so that the characteristic radiation generated by the neutron beam bombarding the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device;

[0029] The sample detection method comprises:

[0030] Determining a detection mode, wherein the detection mode includes a sample structure defect detection mode, a sample component detection mode, and a sample structure defect and component coupling detection mode;

[0031] adjusting the relative distance between the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device and the neutron generating device according to the detection mode;

[0032] Placing the sample to be tested in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device;

[0033] Conduct testing on the samples to be tested.

[0034] In one technical solution of the above sample detection method, the step of "placing the sample to be detected in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device" includes:

[0035] Controlling the manipulator to grab the sample to be tested and place it in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device;

[0036] The position of the sample to be detected relative to the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device is adjusted by the manipulator.

[0037] In the case of adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, when the present application detects the sample, the sample to be detected can be placed in front of the receiving port of the imaging device and the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device at the same time, so that the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating device passes through the sample to be detected and then enters the imaging device, and the structural information of the sample is detected by the imaging device. At the same time, the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating device bombards the sample to be detected to generate characteristic radiation, and the component information in the sample is detected by analyzing the energy spectrum information of the characteristic radiation, thereby realizing the simultaneous detection of the structural characteristics and internal components of the sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a sample detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which a first slowing down collimating wall and a second slowing down collimating wall of a sample detection device according to an embodiment of the present application are both separated from a shielding room.

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the second auxiliary guide rail and the third auxiliary guide rail and the main guide rail according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the main steps of a sample detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] In the figures, the reference numerals refer to the following:

[0045] 1. Neutron generating device; 11. Shielding room; 12. Opening; 2. Imaging device; 3. Neutron activation analysis device; 4. Main guide rail; 41. First base; 42. Carrying frame; 421. First secondary guide rail; 43. Second secondary guide rail; 44. Third secondary guide rail; 5. First slowing down and collimating wall; 6. Second slowing down and collimating wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0047] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the relevant devices or components must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the ordinal numbers "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of a sample detection device according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes a neutron generating device 1, an imaging device 2 and a neutron activation analysis device 3.

[0050] The neutron generator 1 is used to generate a neutron beam. The imaging device 2 is arranged opposite to the neutron generator 1, and the receiving port of the imaging device 2 faces the transmitting port of the neutron generator. It should be noted that the receiving port of the imaging device 2 refers to a port for receiving a neutron beam. After the neutron beam enters the imaging device 2 through the receiving port, it can act on the conversion screen of the imaging unit inside the imaging device 2 to generate a light signal. The image acquisition unit inside the imaging device 2 receives the light signal and can generate an image based on the light signal. According to the image, the internal structure information of the sample can be obtained. The specific structure and principle of the imaging device 2 are well-known technologies in the art, and this application will not be elaborated on in detail.

[0051] The neutron activation analysis device 3 is located between the neutron generator 1 and the imaging device 2, and the neutron activation analysis device 3 is located on one side of the connection formed by the neutron generator 1 and the imaging device 2. The specific position is determined based on the principle of not blocking the neutron beam generated by the neutron generator 1 from entering the imaging device 2. The receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 faces the direction of the connection line between the neutron generator 1 and the imaging device 2, wherein the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 refers to the receiving port of the detector inside it, which is used to receive the characteristic radiation (mainly gamma rays) generated when the neutron beam bombards the sample to be detected. The detector records the gamma spectrum data, and processes and analyzes the spectrum data through the signal processing system inside the neutron activation analysis device 3, so as to extract relevant information reflecting the sample composition (such as the type and content of the element, etc.). The specific structure and detection principle of the neutron activation analysis device 3 are well known in the art, and this application will not be elaborated on here.

[0052] In this way, when testing the sample, the sample to be tested can be placed in front of the receiving port of the imaging device 2 and the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 at the same time, so that the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating device 1 passes through the sample to be tested and then enters the imaging device 2, and the structural information of the sample is detected by the imaging device 2. At the same time, the neutron beam generated by the neutron generating device 1 bombards the sample to be tested to generate characteristic radiation. By analyzing the energy spectrum information of the characteristic radiation, the component information in the sample is detected, thereby realizing the simultaneous detection of the sample structural characteristics and internal components.

[0053] It should be noted that, although in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the internal structure and composition of the sample are detected simultaneously through the cooperation between the neutron generator 1 and the imaging device 2, and the cooperation between the neutron generator 1 and the neutron activation analysis device 3, this detection method does not constitute a limitation on the sample detection device of the present application. In actual applications, according to needs, the internal structure of the sample can be detected only through the cooperation between the neutron generator 1 and the imaging device 2, or the composition information of the sample can be detected only through the cooperation between the neutron generator 1 and the neutron activation analysis device 3.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, the sample detection device also includes a main guide rail 4, which is a linear guide rail. The neutron generating device 1 can be fixedly set at one end of the main guide rail. A first base 41 is slidably set on the main guide rail 4. The imaging device 2 is fixedly set on the first base 41. Therefore, by controlling the first base 41 to slide along the main guide rail 4, the distance between the imaging device 2 and the neutron generating device 1 can be changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the collimation ratio.

[0055] In a possible implementation of the present application, the neutron activation analysis device 3 is also fixedly disposed on the first base 41. In this manner, the relative positions of the neutron activation analysis device 3 and the imaging device 2 are fixed. When the first base 41 is moved, the neutron activation analysis device 3 and the imaging device 2 move relative to the neutron generating device 1 at the same time.

[0056] In another possible implementation of the present application, a second base (not shown in the figure) can be slidably arranged on the main rail 4, and the second base can be located between the first base 41 and the neutron generator 1. In this way, during actual detection, after the spacing between the imaging device 2 and the neutron generator 1 is determined by the first base 41, the second base can be moved according to the size, shape and other parameters of the sample to be detected to adjust the position of the neutron activation analysis device 3 relative to the sample to be detected, thereby adjusting the relative positions of the imaging device 2, the neutron activation analysis device 3 and the sample to be detected, and then, under the premise of ensuring the imaging quality of the imaging device 2, the characteristic radiation generated by the neutron beam bombarding the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device 3 as much as possible, so as to improve the reliability of the component analysis of the sample to be detected.

[0057] It should also be noted that, in one implementation, the center of the receiving port of the imaging device 2 and the center of the neutron activation analysis device 3 are located at the same height, so that the normal of the receiving port of the imaging device 2 and the normal of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 can intersect at one point, and then when determining the position of the sample to be detected, the center of mass of the sample to be detected is made as close to the above-mentioned intersection as possible. In this way, the flux density of the neutron beam received by the imaging device 2 and the flux density of the characteristic radiation (such as gamma rays) received by the neutron activation analysis device 3 can be maximized.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, the normal direction of the receiving port of the imaging device 2 coincides with the normal direction of the transmitting port of the neutron generating device 1, and the normal direction of the transmitting port of the neutron generating device 1 is perpendicular to the normal direction of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3. In the above, the "normal direction" of the transmitting port of the neutron generating device 1 refers to the normal direction of the cross section of the port through which the neutron generating device 1 emits the neutron beam, or can also be understood as the axial direction of the channel through which the neutron generating device 1 emits the neutron beam. Similarly, the "normal direction" of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 refers to the normal direction of the cross section of the port through which the neutron activation analysis device 3 receives characteristic radiation, or the axial direction of the channel through which the neutron activation analysis device 3 receives characteristic radiation.

[0059] In the process of neutron beam bombarding the sample to be detected, although the characteristic radiation such as gamma rays generated is divergent along the 4π direction, the intensity of the rays in each direction is different. Theoretically, the intensity of characteristic radiation such as gamma rays is the highest in the plane perpendicular to the neutron beam path. Therefore, the present application sets the orientation of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device 3 to the above-mentioned manner, which is beneficial to improving the ray flux density in the detector channel of the neutron activation analysis device 3, thereby improving the reliability of the sample component detection results.

[0060] As mentioned above, although the relative positional relationship among the neutron generating device 1, the imaging device 2 and the neutron activation analysis device 3 is exemplarily described, it does not constitute a limitation to the present application. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can adaptively adjust the position or posture of any one of the neutron generating device 1, the imaging device 2 and the neutron activation analysis device 3 according to the spatial position, the working environment and other conditions, and such adjustments should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0061] Reference Figure 2 As an implementation of the present application, the neutron generating device 1 includes a shielding room 11 and a neutron source (not shown in the figure) arranged in the shielding room 11. The shielding room 11 has an opening 12, and the emission end of the neutron source faces the opening 12. The function of the shielding room 11 is to filter external stray neutrons and photons. The sample detection device also includes a first slowing down collimating wall 5 and a second slowing down collimating wall 6 for closing the opening 12, wherein the thickness of the first slowing down collimating wall 5 is greater than the thickness of the second slowing down collimating wall 6, and the first slowing down collimating wall 5 and the second slowing down collimating wall 6 can be respectively installed in the above-mentioned opening 12 to close the opening 12.

[0062] It should be noted that the structural detection and composition detection of the sample have different parameter requirements for the moderation collimation wall. For the structural detection of the sample, it is necessary to achieve the moderation of the neutron beam and the parallelism adjustment. The moderation collimation wall includes the beam collection end and the collimation end. The collimation channel with a certain collimation length in the moderation collimation wall is conducive to obtaining highly parallel thermal neutrons. Therefore, for the structural detection of the sample (i.e., neutron imaging), a thicker moderation collimation wall is required. For the composition detection of the sample, it is only necessary to slow down the neutrons generated by the neutron source into thermal neutrons and export them. It is not necessary to have a longer collimation channel. Therefore, for the composition detection of the sample (i.e., neutron activation analysis), a smaller thickness moderation collimation wall is required. Moreover, if the thickness of the moderation collimation wall is too large, it will lead to the loss of the neutron beam, reduce the flux density of the neutron beam, and is not conducive to the composition analysis.

[0063] As mentioned above, the present application sets slowing down and collimating walls of different thicknesses. When only structural detection of the sample is required, the first slowing down and collimating wall 5 with a larger thickness is installed at the opening 12. When only component detection of the sample is required, the second slowing down and collimating wall 6 with a smaller thickness is installed at the opening 12. This can meet different detection requirements and improve the reliability of the sample detection structure.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A carrier 42 is slidably provided on the main rail 4, and the carrier 42 is used to carry the first slowing down collimating wall 5 or the second slowing down collimating wall 6. A first secondary rail 421 is provided on the upper surface of the carrier 42, and the extension direction of the first secondary rail 421 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main rail 4. The first slowing down collimating wall 5 and the second slowing down collimating wall 6 can be slidably installed on the first secondary rail 421. In this way, by controlling the carrier 42 to slide along the main rail 4 toward the direction where the opening 12 is located, the first slowing down collimating wall 5 or the second slowing down collimating wall 6 can close the opening 12, and the first slowing down collimating wall 5 and the second slowing down collimating wall 6 are more convenient to install and disassemble relative to the shielding room 11.

[0065] The main rail 4 is also connected to a second sub-rail 43 and a third sub-rail 44, and the extension directions of the second sub-rail 43 and the third sub-rail 44 are parallel to the extension direction of the first sub-rail 421. The first slowing down collimating wall 5 can be slidably set on the second sub-rail 43, and the second slowing down collimating wall 6 can be slidably set on the third sub-rail 44. Optionally, the first sub-guide rail 421, the second sub-guide rail 43 and the third sub-guide rail 44 have the same structural form, so that in the process of controlling the carrier frame 42 to slide along the main rail 4, the first sub-guide rail 421 can be engaged with the second sub-guide rail 43 (that is, the first sub-guide rail 421 and the second sub-guide rail 43 are located on the same straight line), and at this time the first slowing down and collimating wall 5 can slide along the second sub-guide rail 43 to the first sub-guide rail 421; similarly, the first sub-guide rail 421 can be engaged with the third sub-guide rail 44 (that is, the first sub-guide rail 421 and the third sub-guide rail 44 are located on the same straight line), and at this time the second slowing down and collimating wall 6 can slide along the third sub-guide rail 44 to the first sub-guide rail 421.

[0066] As described above, the present application connects the second sub-guide rail 43 and the third sub-guide rail 44 on the main guide rail 4, which can be engaged with the first sub-guide rail 421 on the carrier frame 42. For the sample detection device, the first slowing down collimation wall 5 and the second slowing down collimation wall 6 can be stored thereon at the same time, and the first slowing down collimation wall 5 and the second slowing down collimation wall 6 can be switched relative to the shielding chamber 11 according to actual detection needs, thereby not only improving the integration of the sample detection device, but also making the installation and disassembly of the first slowing down collimation wall 5 and the second slowing down collimation wall 6 more convenient.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present application, the second auxiliary guide rail 43 and the third auxiliary guide rail 44 are arranged on the same side of the main guide rail 4, so that the occupied space of the sample detection device can be saved to the maximum extent.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 The present application also discloses a sample detection method, which uses the sample detection device in any of the above embodiments. The sample detection method includes the following steps:

[0069] S101: Determine the detection mode.

[0070] Among them, the detection modes include sample structure defect detection mode, sample component detection mode and sample structure defect and component coupling detection mode. That is, in actual applications, according to the detection requirements, when only the structural defects of the sample need to be detected, the sample structure defect detection mode is adopted, when only the components of the sample need to be detected, the sample component detection mode is adopted, and when both the structural defects and component information of the sample need to be detected, the sample structure defect and component coupling detection mode is adopted.

[0071] S102: adjusting the relative distance between the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device and the neutron generating device according to the detection mode.

[0072] Step S102 is to obtain a relatively reasonable collimation ratio, thereby improving the reliability of the detection result.

[0073] S103: Place the sample to be tested in front of the emission port of the neutron generator.

[0074] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a manipulator is provided on one side of the sample detection device, and step S103 specifically includes:

[0075] S1031: Control the manipulator to grab the sample to be tested and place it in front of the emission port of the neutron generator.

[0076] S1032: Adjust the position of the sample to be detected relative to the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device by a manipulator.

[0077] Among them, step S1032 is to adjust the sample to be detected to a suitable position so that it is located on the emission path of the neutron beam, while keeping a reasonable distance between it and the receiving port of the imaging device and / or the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device.

[0078] S104: Detect the sample to be detected.

[0079] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sample detection device, characterized in that: include: A neutron generating device, which is used to generate a neutron beam; An imaging device, whose receiving port faces the transmitting port of the neutron generating device, so that the neutron beam can enter the imaging device after passing through the sample to be detected; The neutron activation analysis device is located between the neutron generating device and the imaging device, so that the characteristic radiation generated after the neutron beam bombards the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device.

2. The sample detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normal direction of the emission port of the neutron generating device is perpendicular to the normal direction of the receiving port of the neutron activation analysis device.

3. The sample detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample detection device also includes: Main track; The first base is slidably arranged on the main guide rail, and the imaging device and the neutron activation analysis device are both fixedly arranged on the first base.

4. The sample detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample detection device also includes: Main track; A first base is slidably disposed on the main rail, and the imaging device is fixedly disposed on the first base; The second base is slidably arranged on the main rail, and the second base is located between the neutron generating device and the first base, and the neutron activation analysis device is fixedly arranged on the second base.

5. The sample detection device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The neutron generating device comprises a shielding room and a neutron source arranged in the shielding room, wherein the shielding room has an opening; The sample detection device further includes a first slowing down collimating wall and a second slowing down collimating wall. The thickness of the first slowing down collimating wall is greater than the thickness of the second slowing down collimating wall. The first slowing down collimating wall and the second slowing down collimating wall can be installed in the opening respectively.

6. The sample detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sample detection device also includes: A carrier frame is slidably arranged on the main guide rail, a first sub-guide rail is arranged on the carrier frame, an extension direction of the first sub-guide rail is perpendicular to an extension direction of the main guide rail, the first slowing down collimator wall and the second slowing down collimator wall can be slidably installed on the first sub-guide rail respectively, and the carrier frame slides toward the opening direction so that the first slowing down collimator wall or the second slowing down collimator wall closes the opening.

7. The sample detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sample detection device also includes: A second auxiliary guide rail and a third auxiliary guide rail, both of which are connected to the main guide rail, the first slowing down collimating wall is slidably disposed on the second auxiliary guide rail, and the second slowing down collimating wall is slidably disposed on the third auxiliary guide rail; The extension directions of the second and third sub-guide rails are both parallel to the extension direction of the first sub-guide rail. When the carrier frame slides along the main guide rail, the first sub-guide rail can be respectively engaged with the second sub-guide rail or the third sub-guide rail, so that the first slowing down collimating wall slides along the second sub-guide rail to the first sub-guide rail, or the second slowing down collimating wall slides along the third sub-guide rail to the first sub-guide rail.

8. The sample detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second secondary guide rail and the third secondary guide rail are located on the same side of the primary guide rail.

9. A sample detection method, which detects a sample to be detected based on a sample detection device, characterized in that: The sample detection device comprises: A neutron generating device, which is used to generate a neutron beam; An imaging device, whose receiving port faces the transmitting port of the neutron generating device, so that the neutron beam can enter the imaging device after passing through the sample to be detected; A neutron activation analysis device, which is located between the neutron generating device and the imaging device, so that the characteristic radiation generated by the neutron beam bombarding the sample to be detected can enter the neutron activation analysis device; The sample detection method comprises: Determining a detection mode, wherein the detection mode includes a sample structure defect detection mode, a sample component detection mode, and a sample structure defect and component coupling detection mode; adjusting the relative distance between the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device and the neutron generating device according to the detection mode; Placing the sample to be tested in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device; Conduct testing on the samples to be tested.

10. The sample detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of "placing the sample to be detected in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device" includes: Controlling the manipulator to grab the sample to be tested and place it in front of the emission port of the neutron generating device; The position of the sample to be detected relative to the imaging device and / or the neutron activation analysis device is adjusted by the manipulator.

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