Device and method for quickly identifying exchange relation between river water and underground water in situ

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for rapidly recognizing the exchange relation between river water and underground water in situ, the device comprises an outer pipe body, an inner core pipe, a drill bit, a first measuring pipe, a second measuring pipe and a vacuumizing device, the side wall of the outer pipe body is provided with a side through hole, and the outer pipe body is fixedly connected with the inner core pipe through a bottom wall orifice; the drill bit is detachably connected with the lower end of the inner core pipe; the first measuring tube is communicated with the second measuring tube, the first measuring tube extends into the inner core tube, and the second measuring tube extends into the outer tube body and is positioned outside the inner core tube; when the vacuumizing device is communicated with the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube is extracted. According to the method, a relatively closed system in which the river water level and the underground water are integrated is constructed, and based on the relative height of the liquid level in a static state or the flowing direction in a moving state, rapid identification of the river water-underground water exchange relation at any position of the river is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of groundwater level detection, and in particular to a device and a method for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ. Background Art

[0002] River water and groundwater are two important forms of water resources. There is a close hydraulic exchange relationship between the two, and this exchange has an important impact on the ecological environment of rivers and groundwater. In essence, the river-groundwater exchange is driven by the water level (head) difference between the two. The river water level refers to the elevation of the river water surface, while the groundwater level refers to the elevation of the groundwater diving surface (free water surface). When the river water level is higher than the groundwater level, the water, nutrients, or pollutants (if any) in the river will flow into the underground aquifer, affecting the groundwater quality; when the river water level is lower than the groundwater level, the water, nutrients or pollutants in the groundwater will flow into the river, affecting the river water volume and water quality. Therefore, from the perspective of hydrodynamics, as long as the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level is identified, the exchange direction (exchange relationship) between river water and groundwater can be determined.

[0003] In order to determine the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the existing technology often adopts the method of measuring the river water level and the groundwater level separately for determination. However, this method may have multiple disadvantages.

[0004] Disadvantage 1: When the groundwater level measurement point is close to the river, it is difficult to accurately measure the water level difference between the two. Generally, the hydraulic gradient between river water and groundwater is small. When the two are close, the water level difference is difficult to accurately identify. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river level is one thousandth, the difference between the groundwater level and the river level within 10 meters of the river will be less than 1 centimeter. This is a huge challenge for both surface water level measurement and groundwater level measurement.

[0005] Disadvantage 2: When the groundwater level measurement point is far away from the river, it is difficult to reflect the true exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. In order to ensure that there is a significant water level difference between river water and groundwater, the existing technology generally selects groundwater wells at a certain distance from the river to measure the groundwater level. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one thousandth, in order to ensure that the difference between the groundwater level and the river water level is greater than 0.1 meters, the groundwater level measurement point should be more than 100 meters away from the river. However, if the river water is in a seepage state at this time but the leakage range is less than 100 meters, then the river water-groundwater exchange relationship obtained by measuring the groundwater level 100 meters away will be the opposite of the actual river leakage situation.

[0006] Disadvantage 3: Identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in unmonitored areas is time-consuming and laborious. Existing studies on river water-groundwater exchange are often based on fixed river water level monitoring points and groundwater level monitoring points. When there are no groundwater wells near the river location of concern, people often have to resort to manual drilling to obtain groundwater levels. However, in addition to the tediousness of manual drilling, the calculation of groundwater level elevation is inseparable from the accurate measurement of surface elevation, and the accurate measurement of surface elevation is inseparable from the help of RTK devices. Therefore, obtaining river water and groundwater levels in unmonitored areas may be time-consuming and laborious, requiring the participation of multiple people.

[0007] Therefore, it is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river in the prior art, and the measurement method is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river, and the measurement method is laborious and inefficient. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The device for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ provided by the present invention comprises an outer tube body, an inner core tube, a drill bit, a first measuring tube, a second measuring tube and a vacuum device, wherein: The side wall of the outer tube body is provided with a side through hole allowing river water to enter therein, the inner core tube is fixed in the outer tube body, and the inner core tube is sealed with the bottom wall of the outer tube body, the drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube, and the drill bit is used to drill into the riverbed; The first measuring tube is connected to the second measuring tube, the first measuring tube extends into the inner core tube, and the second measuring tube extends into the outer tube body and is located outside the inner core tube; When the vacuum device is connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the vacuum device is used to extract the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so as to compare the water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube.

[0010] Preferably, the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are also connected to a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, the colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube and / or the second measuring tube through the solvent input port.

[0011] Preferably, the device also includes a four-way valve, which is located outside the outer tube body, and two of the ports of the four-way valve are respectively fixedly connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube and are in communication with each other; another port of the four-way valve is in communication with the vacuum pumping device, and the fourth port of the four-way valve serves as the solvent input port.

[0012] Preferably, the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to a conduit, and a valve body is provided on the conduit. When the valve body is opened, the solvent input port is in an open state; when the valve body is closed, the solvent input port is in a closed state.

[0013] Preferably, the first measuring tube comprises a first curved tube portion and a first straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the first curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube; Alternatively, the first measuring tube is a flexible hose.

[0014] Preferably, the second measuring tube comprises a second curved tube portion and a second straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the second curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body; Alternatively, the second measuring tube is a flexible hose.

[0015] Preferably, a central through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the outer tube body, and the inner core tube passes through the central through hole and is sealed with the side wall of the central through hole.

[0016] Preferably, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the inner core tube.

[0017] The present invention provides an identification method, using the above-mentioned device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the identification method comprising: Drilling the drill bit into the target depth of the riverbed, so that the groundwater is connected to the inner core tube, revealing a stable groundwater level; inserting the outer tube into the inner core tube, so that river water enters the outer tube from the side through hole, revealing a stable river water level; connecting the first measuring tube, the second measuring tube, the four-way valve, and the water bodies in the inner core tube and the outer tube, thereby establishing a closed system; The vacuum device extracts the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so that the groundwater and the river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are compared to obtain the relative water levels of groundwater and river water.

[0018] Preferably, the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are further connected with a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state; The method further includes: opening the solvent input port, and while the vacuum device is used to pump air to raise the height of the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the colored solvent is sucked into the connecting portion of the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube to mix with the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The solvent input port is in a closed state, and the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system is observed; if the colored solvent flows from the first measuring tube to the second measuring tube, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measuring tube to the first measuring tube, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the device and method for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: A method for qualitatively identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship by in-situ measuring the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level, revealing the stable river water level and groundwater level respectively through two tubular structures of different diameters, an outer tube body and an inner core tube; a relatively closed system integrating the river water level and the groundwater level can be constructed, and the rapid identification of the river water-groundwater exchange relationship at any position in the river is achieved based on the relative height of the liquid surface in a static state or the flow direction in a moving state; using the device to quickly identify the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in situ is simple and convenient, and the measurement efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process principle of the identification method; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle.

[0022] In the figure, 1, outer tube body; 2, inner core tube; 3, drill bit; 4, first measuring tube; 5, second measuring tube; 6, four-way valve; 7, valve body; 8, side through hole; 9, handle; 100, riverbed; 200, air-enclosing zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "height", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0025] In the prior art, in order to determine the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the prior art often adopts the method of measuring the river water level and the groundwater level respectively for determination. However, this method may have multiple disadvantages.

[0026] Disadvantage 1: When the groundwater level measurement point is close to the river, it is difficult to accurately measure the water level difference between the two. Generally, the hydraulic gradient between river water and groundwater is small. When the two are close, the water level difference is difficult to accurately identify. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river level is one thousandth, the difference between the groundwater level and the river level within 10 meters of the river will be less than 1 centimeter. This is a huge challenge for both surface water level measurement and groundwater level measurement.

[0027] Disadvantage 2: When the groundwater level measurement point is far away from the river, it is difficult to reflect the true exchange relationship between river water and groundwater. In order to ensure that there is a significant water level difference between river water and groundwater, the existing technology generally selects groundwater wells at a certain distance from the river to measure the groundwater level. For example, assuming that the hydraulic gradient between the groundwater level and the river water level is one thousandth, in order to ensure that the difference between the groundwater level and the river water level is greater than 0.1 meters, the groundwater level measurement point should be more than 100 meters away from the river. However, if the river water is in a seepage state at this time but the leakage range is less than 100 meters, then the river water-groundwater exchange relationship obtained by measuring the groundwater level 100 meters away will be the opposite of the actual river leakage situation.

[0028] Disadvantage 3: Identifying the river water-groundwater exchange relationship in unmonitored areas is time-consuming and laborious. Existing studies on river water-groundwater exchange are often based on fixed river water level monitoring points and groundwater level monitoring points. When there are no groundwater wells near the river location of concern, people often have to resort to manual drilling to obtain groundwater levels. However, in addition to the tediousness of manual drilling, the calculation of groundwater level elevation is inseparable from the accurate measurement of surface elevation, and the accurate measurement of surface elevation is inseparable from the help of RTK devices. Therefore, obtaining river water and groundwater levels in unmonitored areas may be time-consuming and laborious, requiring the participation of multiple people.

[0029] It is difficult to measure the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level in situ on the riverbed of the river in the prior art, and the measurement method is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient.

[0030] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device and method for quickly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ, which can quickly identify the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ, is simple and convenient, and improves measurement efficiency.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in more detail.

[0032] Embodiment 1: The device for rapidly identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ provided by the present invention comprises an outer tube body 1, an inner core tube 2, a drill bit 3, a first measuring tube 4, a second measuring tube 5 and a vacuum device, wherein: a side through hole 8 for allowing river water to enter is arranged on the side wall of the outer tube body 1, the inner core tube 2 is fixed in the outer tube body 1, and the inner core tube 2 is sealed with the bottom wall of the outer tube body 1, the drill bit 3 is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube 2, and the drill bit 3 is used to drill into the riverbed 100; the first measuring tube 4 is connected to the second measuring tube 5, the first measuring tube 4 extends into the inner core tube 2, and the second measuring tube 5 extends into the outer tube body 1 and is located outside the inner core tube 2; when the vacuum device is connected to the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, it is used to extract the air in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, so as to compare the height of the water level in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5.

[0033] The vacuum device may be a vacuum pump or a manual pressure pump in the prior art, etc., for extracting air from the closed system, so that groundwater is lifted in the first measuring tube 4 and river water is lifted in the second measuring tube 5.

[0034] The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in this embodiment is a method for qualitatively identifying the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater by in-situ measuring the relative height of the river water level and the groundwater level. The two tubular structures of different diameters, the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2, respectively reveal the stable river water level and the groundwater level. A relatively closed system integrating the river water level and the groundwater level can be constructed. Based on the relative height of the liquid surface in a static state or the flow direction in a moving state, the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater at any position in the river can be rapidly identified. The device is used to rapidly identify the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater in situ, which is simple and convenient and improves the measurement efficiency.

[0035] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, a central through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the outer tube body 1, and the inner core tube 2 passes through the central through hole and is sealed with the side wall of the central through hole. Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit 3 drills into the riverbed 100, and groundwater enters the inner core tube 2 from the drill bit 3. River water can only enter the outer tube body 1 from the side through hole 8 and cannot enter from the bottom of the outer tube body 1, thereby preventing river water from entering the inner core tube 2.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected to the inner core tube 2 for easy disassembly.

[0037] Specifically, the drill bit 3 has a hollow structure inside, and groundwater enters the inner core tube 2 from the drill bit 3. The drill bit 3 is drilled into the riverbed 100 by manual rotation.

[0038] Specifically, in order to facilitate the drill bit 3 to drill into the riverbed 100, the drill bit 3 is detachably connected with a handle 9, and the handle 9 is a T-shaped structure. Specifically, the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected to the handle 9, and the handle 9 is turned to drill the drill bit 3 into the riverbed 100 to the target depth. After drilling is completed, the handle 9 is removed and the drill bit 3 is threadedly connected to the inner core tube 2.

[0039] The above structure facilitates the drill bit 3 to drill into the riverbed 100 , and facilitates the drill bit 3 to be assembled with the inner core tube 2 after being disassembled from the handle 9 .

[0040] The principle of this embodiment is: slowly press the manual vacuum pump (vacuum pumping device), due to the Pascal principle, the water levels in the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2 rise synchronously, and when the liquid level rises to the outside of the outer tube body 1, observe the relative height of the water level in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5. If the liquid level in the first measuring tube 4 in the inner core tube 2 is higher, it means that the original liquid level in the inner core tube 2 is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the liquid level in the second measuring tube 5 in the outer tube body 1 (outside the inner core tube 2) is higher, it means that the original liquid level in the outer tube body 1 is higher, that is, the river water level is higher. If the liquid levels are similar and difficult to distinguish, proceed to the next step.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 of this embodiment are also connected to a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, the colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube 4 and / or the second measuring tube 5 through the solvent input port.

[0042] The colored solvent in this embodiment can facilitate the identification of the direction of river water and groundwater, thereby facilitating the determination of the water level of the river and the groundwater.

[0043] For more information, see Figure 1 As shown, the device also includes a four-way valve 6, which is located outside the outer tube body 1. Two of the ports of the four-way valve 6 are fixedly connected to the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, respectively, and are connected; another port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to the vacuum pumping device, and the fourth port of the four-way valve 6 is used as a solvent input port.

[0044] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the fourth port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to a conduit, on which a valve body 7 is provided. When the valve body 7 is opened, the solvent input port is in an open state; when the valve body 7 is closed, the solvent input port is in a closed state.

[0045] See also Figure 1 As shown, the four ports a, b, c, and d of the four-way valve 6 are respectively connected to the first measuring tube 4, the vacuum pump (manual pressure pump), the second measuring tube 5, and the conduit.

[0046] If the relative height of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 is difficult to distinguish, perform the following operations: Use water pressure to generate water flow: open the valve body 7 corresponding to the four-way valve 6, merge the colored solvent into the closed system, and then continue to press the manual vacuum pump. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquid in the tube body corresponding to the a port, c port, and d port of the four-way valve 6 will flow to the direction of the b opening. After the water and solvent enter the tube body corresponding to the b port, stop pumping and close the valve body 7 corresponding to the d port of the four-way valve 6. At this time, observe the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system. If the colored solvent flows from the a port to the c port, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to the a port is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the colored solvent flows from the c port to the a port, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to the c port is higher, that is, the river water level is higher.

[0047] The principle of this embodiment is: when the liquid level difference in the two long hoses is small, by opening the valve body 7 corresponding to the d port, the colored solvent is also included in the closed system. When the air is continued to be pumped, due to the pressure reduction, the organic solvent and water move together toward the b port direction, dyeing the water. When all three enter the hose corresponding to the b port of the four-way valve 6, it shows that there is no gas in the first measuring tube 4, the second measuring tube 5, and between the a port and the b port. When the valve body 7 of the d port of the four-way valve 6 is closed, the pipe body and water connected by the a port and the c port form a new system, similar to the siphon effect, and the water will flow from the place where the liquid level is high to the place where the liquid level is low. Since the water in the inner core tube 2 is connected to the groundwater and the water in the outer tube body 1 is connected to the river water, the water head of the two can be regarded as a stable state, and the water flow is also continuous. Based on the movement direction of the dyed water, the relative height of the liquid level can be judged.

[0048] As an optional embodiment, the first measuring tube 4 includes a first curved tube portion and a first straight tube portion that are fixedly connected, the first curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve 6, the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube 2, and is arranged along the axis of the inner core tube 2. Alternatively, the first measuring tube 4 is a flexible hose. The second measuring tube 5 includes a second curved tube portion and a second straight tube portion that are fixedly connected, the second curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve 6, the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body 1, and is arranged parallel to the axis of the outer tube body 1. Alternatively, the second measuring tube 5 is a flexible hose.

[0049] The above structure facilitates the upper end of the first measuring tube 4 to be fixedly connected to the port a of the four-way valve 6, and the lower end to extend into the inner core tube 2; and facilitates the upper end of the first measuring tube 4 to be fixedly connected to the port c of the four-way valve 6, and the lower end to extend into the outer tube body 1.

[0050] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides an identification method, using the above-mentioned device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, the identification method comprising: The drill bit 3 is drilled into the riverbed 100 to the target depth, so that the outer tube body 1 is located above the riverbed 100, so that the groundwater enters the inner core tube 2, and the river water enters the outer tube body 1 through the side through hole 8; the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 are sealed from the outside, so as to establish a closed system; the vacuum device extracts the air in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, so that the groundwater and the river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5; the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 are compared, so as to obtain the relative water levels of the groundwater and the river water.

[0051] This method is suitable for when the water level difference between groundwater and river water is large. The water level in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 can be directly determined by the pressure increase of river water and groundwater.

[0052] If the relative height of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5 is difficult to distinguish, the method also includes: opening the solvent input port and pushing the colored solvent into the connecting portion between the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5; allowing the vacuum device to extract the gas in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5; closing the solvent input port and observing the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system; if the colored solvent flows from the first measuring tube 4 to the second measuring tube 5, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measuring tube 5 to the first measuring tube 4, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

[0053] The steps are as follows, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: (1) Drilling reveals the groundwater level: The rotary drill bit 3 drills into the riverbed 100 at a depth of about 30 cm, removes the handle on the drill bit 3, and puts the outer tube body 1 on the outside of the inner core tube 2; let it stand for about 5-10 minutes. At this time, the water level in the inner core tube 2 is the groundwater level, and the water level between the inner core tube 2 and the outer tube body 1 is the river water level. Figure 2 The liquid level a represents the groundwater level, the liquid level b represents the river water level, and △h represents the height difference between the top of the vadose zone 200 and the river surface.

[0054] (2) Establish a closed system: Figure 1 The middle four-way valve 6 is connected to four hoses, among which ports a and c are connected to the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5, and ports b and d are respectively connected to a manual vacuum pump and a syringe filled with a colored solvent; then the first measuring tube 4 corresponding to port a of the four-way valve 6 is placed into the inner core tube 2, and the second measuring tube 5 corresponding to port c of the four-way valve 6 is placed into the outer tube body 1, submerged at least 10 cm below the water surface; the valve body 7 corresponding to port d of the tube wall four-way valve 6 is closed.

[0055] (3) Establish a closed system: Slowly press the manual vacuum pump (vacuum pump). Due to Pascal's principle, the water levels in the outer tube body 1 and the inner core tube 2 rise synchronously. When the liquid level rises to the point where it is visible outside the outer tube body 1, observe the relative height of the water levels in the first measuring tube 4 and the second measuring tube 5. If the liquid level in the first measuring tube 4 in the inner core tube 2 is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the inner core tube 2 is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the liquid level in the second measuring tube 5 in the outer tube body 1 (outside the inner core tube 2) is higher, it indicates that the original liquid level in the outer tube body 1 is higher, that is, the river water level is higher. If the liquid levels are similar and difficult to distinguish, proceed to the next step.

[0056] (4) Use water pressure to generate water flow: Open the valve body 7 corresponding to the four-way valve 6, add the colored solvent into the closed system, and then continue to press the manual vacuum pump. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquid in the tube bodies corresponding to the a, c, and d ports of the four-way valve 6 will flow toward the opening b. After the water and solvent have entered the tube body corresponding to the b port, stop pumping and close the valve body 7 corresponding to the d port of the four-way valve 6. At this time, observe the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system. If the colored solvent flows from the a port to the c port, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to the a port is higher, that is, the groundwater level is higher; if the colored solvent flows from the c port to the a port, it indicates that the original liquid level corresponding to the c port is higher, that is, the river water level is higher.

[0057] This method is mainly used to identify the relative height of the in-situ river water level and groundwater level, and to determine the direction of exchange between river water and groundwater. It is also applicable to the identification of lake water-groundwater exchange relationship. The product can be used in the fields of river water quality protection, river ecosystem research, groundwater quality research, and hyporheic zone research.

[0058] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater, characterized in that: It includes an outer tube body, an inner core tube, a drill bit, a first measuring tube, a second measuring tube and a vacuum pumping device, wherein: The side wall of the outer tube body is provided with a side through hole for allowing river water to enter therein; the inner core tube is fixed in the outer tube body and connected and fixed to the outer tube body through the hole on the bottom wall of the outer tube body; the drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the inner core tube, and the drill bit is used to drill into the riverbed; The first measuring tube is connected to the second measuring tube, the first measuring tube extends into the inner core tube, and the second measuring tube extends into the outer tube body and is located outside the inner core tube; When the vacuum device is connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the vacuum device is used to extract the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so as to compare the water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube.

2. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are also connected with a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state. When in the open state, the colored solvent can enter the first measuring tube and / or the second measuring tube through the solvent input port.

3. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The device also includes a four-way valve, which is located outside the outer tube body. Two of the four-way valve's ports are respectively fixedly connected to the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube and are in communication with each other. Another port of the four-way valve is in communication with the vacuum pumping device. The fourth port of the four-way valve serves as the solvent input port.

4. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to a conduit, and a valve body is arranged on the conduit. When the valve body is opened, the solvent input port is in an open state; when the valve body is closed, the solvent input port is in a closed state.

5. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first measuring tube comprises a first curved tube portion and a first straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the first curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the first straight tube portion extends into the inner core tube; Alternatively, the first measuring tube is a flexible hose.

6. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second measuring tube comprises a second curved tube portion and a second straight tube portion which are fixedly connected, the second curved tube portion is connected to one of the through ports of the four-way valve, and the second straight tube portion extends into the outer tube body; Alternatively, the second measuring tube is a flexible hose.

7. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A central through hole is arranged on the bottom wall of the outer tube body, which is nested and connected with the inner core tube to fix the outer tube body.

8. The device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill bit is threadedly connected to the inner core tube.

9. A recognition method, characterized in that: Using the device for rapid in-situ identification of the exchange relationship between river water and groundwater as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the identification method comprises: Drilling the drill bit into the target depth of the riverbed, so that the groundwater is connected to the inner core tube, revealing a stable groundwater level; inserting the outer tube into the inner core tube, so that river water enters the outer tube from the side through hole, revealing a stable river water level; connecting the first measuring tube, the second measuring tube, the four-way valve, and the water bodies in the inner core tube and the outer tube, thereby establishing a closed system; The vacuum device extracts the air in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, so that the groundwater and the river water are simultaneously lifted in the corresponding first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The water levels in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are compared to obtain the relative water levels of groundwater and river water.

10. The identification method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first measuring tube and the second measuring tube are also connected to a solvent input port, and the solvent input port has an open state and a closed state; The method further includes: opening the solvent input port, and while the vacuum device is used to pump air to raise the height of the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube, the colored solvent is sucked into the connecting portion of the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube to mix with the water in the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube; The solvent input port is in a closed state, and the movement direction of the colored solvent in the closed system is observed; if the colored solvent flows from the first measuring tube to the second measuring tube, the groundwater level is higher than the river water level; if the colored solvent flows from the second measuring tube to the first measuring tube, the river water level is higher than the groundwater level.

Images