GIS (Geographic Information System)-based site vertical design earthwork volume calculation method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a GIS-based site vertical design earthwork volume calculation method and system, and relates to the technical field of earthwork volume calculation, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a site current situation DEM according to a topographic map; constructing a site design DEM according to the vertical design drawing; performing grid analysis on the site design DEM and the current situation DEM to obtain grid data of earth surface filling and excavation; in combination with control and regulation data, the earth surface filling and digging earth volume of each pattern spot of the planned land is calculated; calculating underground engineering excavation amounts of building underground spaces, subways and underground comprehensive pipe galleries of each pattern spot of the planned land; and calculating to obtain the total filling and digging amount of each pattern spot of the planned land, and generating a filling and digging thematic map. The system comprises a current situation DEM construction module, a design DEM construction module, an earth surface excavation and fill amount calculation module, an underground engineering excavation amount calculation module and a total excavation and fill amount calculation module. The method is simple, convenient, high in efficiency and precision, low in cost, wide in application range and more reasonable and accurate in calculation result by considering the unearthing amount of the underground engineering, and provides a more reliable basis for vertical design and construction of a site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of earthwork volume calculation, and in particular to a method and system for calculating earthwork volume of a site vertical design based on GIS. Background Art

[0002] Earthwork calculation is an important part of the vertical design of the site. Accurate and rapid earthwork calculation can more scientifically and reasonably determine the elevation relationship of each part of the construction site and arrange the construction sequence, which is of great significance for reducing project costs and accelerating construction progress. The traditional earthwork calculation of the vertical design of the site is mainly based on CAD earthwork calculation software, but this method has a slow calculation speed and is suitable for earthwork calculations in a smaller range. It is not efficient for earthwork calculations in a larger range. It is also necessary to use Excel to count the excavation and filling volume of each plot in the project area, which is inconvenient to use. It does not consider and calculate the earthwork volume generated by the development and construction of underground space, resulting in inaccurate and unreasonable calculation of the site earthwork volume. In addition, this method has poor visualization and is not intuitive, which is not conducive to guiding earthwork allocation.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of spatial information technology, GIS, UAV oblique photography and BIM technology have been applied to earthwork calculation.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent 202410199703.5 discloses a method and system for calculating earthwork based on drones, including planning the flight path of drones, obtaining image data and point cloud data of earthwork terrain, fusing the image data and point cloud data of earthwork terrain and removing obstructions, and using the fused data to calculate the earthwork volume. Chinese patent 202311455540.4 discloses a method and system for earthwork allocation based on the fusion of BIM and GIS, which obtains images of the project site through terrain surveys to establish a GIS model, establishes a BIM model through construction drawings, and fuses the two models. At the same time, soil that does not meet the requirements of the building is considered to calculate the earthwork volume. These earthwork volume calculation methods based on GIS technology, drone photography, and BIM technology have high measurement accuracy, but the time and cost of laser point cloud and BIM model data collection and production are long, and the cost is high, and the earthwork volume calculation process is relatively cumbersome. The most critical problem is that the current methods only consider and calculate the changes in the surface topography of the project area, and do not consider the excavation volume of underground projects such as underground spaces of buildings, subways, and underground integrated pipelines. This leads to inaccurate and unreasonable calculation of earthwork volume in the vertical design of the site, which in turn affects the scientific nature of earthwork allocation and construction costs.

[0005] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a GIS-based method and system for calculating the earthwork volume of the site vertical design, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies and calculate the earthwork volume in the site vertical design more accurately, at low cost and simply.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Obtain the site status topographic map file, and construct the site status digital elevation model DEM based on the elevation points in the topographic map;

[0010] Step 2: Construct the site design digital elevation model DEM based on the design elevation in the site vertical design drawing;

[0011] Step 3: Perform raster analysis on the site design digital elevation model DEM and the current digital elevation model DEM to obtain surface excavation and filling raster data with the excavation and filling volume as pixel value, and generate the site surface excavation and filling thematic map;

[0012] Step 4: Based on the control detailed planning data, prepare planning ground state vector data consisting of road surfaces and plots, and calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each plot in the planning ground state vector data based on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data;

[0013] Step 5: Based on the planning index data of underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipe corridors in the control detailed planning, calculate the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground shape vector data;

[0014] Step 6: Based on the surface filling and excavation volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block, calculate the filling and excavation volume of each map block, and generate a site filling and excavation thematic map;

[0015] Step 7: Accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all the plots of the site respectively to obtain the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site, continuously adjust the design elevation and enter step 2 to recalculate until the difference between the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site does not exceed the predetermined threshold.

[0016] Preferably, in step 2, the site design elevation is the elevation of the control points marked in the site design, and the control points include road intersection control points, road section control points, road outer plot control points, and control points in the non-construction area of ​​the site. The specific generation steps are:

[0017] Mark one control point at each road redline breakpoint and the intersection center to generate road intersection control points;

[0018] Mark one control point on each of the red lines on both sides of the road and the road center line at the road section slope change point to generate the road section control point;

[0019] Mark control points at the edges and slope change points inside the plot, and generate control points for the plot outside the road;

[0020] The existing terrain elevation points in non-construction areas such as water systems and retained structures in the existing topographic map are used as control points in non-construction areas of the site.

[0021] Preferably, in step 2, the site design digital elevation model DEM and the site current digital elevation model DEM have the same coordinate system and ground resolution.

[0022] Preferably, the step 3 comprises:

[0023] Step 301: Calculate the difference between the pixel values ​​in the current digital elevation model DEM of the site and the design digital elevation model DEM by means of raster calculation to obtain the site terrain height difference raster data;

[0024] Step 302: By means of a grid calculation method, the pixel values ​​in the non-construction area in the site terrain height difference grid data are set to 0;

[0025] Step 303: multiplying the pixel value in the terrain height difference raster data by the ground area represented by each pixel to obtain the site surface excavation and filling raster data in which the pixel value is the excavation and filling volume;

[0026] Step 304: The positive value, negative value and 0 of the pixel in the site surface excavation and fill raster data represent excavation, filling and unchanged terrain respectively. By setting different color symbols, a site surface excavation and fill thematic map is produced.

[0027] Preferably, step 4 comprises:

[0028] Step 401: based on the control detailed planning data, generate planning ground vector data consisting of road surfaces and land parcels within the site, and segment the road surfaces at the intersections;

[0029] Step 402: Perform spatial statistical analysis on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data to calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each map block in the planning ground state vector data.

[0030] Preferably, in step 5, the underground engineering excavation volume includes the excavation volume of underground spaces of buildings, the excavation volume of subways, and the excavation volume of underground integrated pipeline corridors.

[0031] Preferably, the excavation volume of the underground space of the building is calculated based on the plot as the calculation unit, according to the plot area, volume ratio, and parking space index data. The calculation formula for the excavation volume of the underground space of the building of each plot is:

[0032] V u =S u ×H u ;

[0033] S u =N t ×S t ;

[0034] N t =S j / N j ;

[0035] S j =S d ×R;

[0036] Where V u is the excavation volume of underground space of buildings in the plot, S u is the underground space area of ​​the building on the plot, H u is the thickness of the underground excavation of the building, N t is the number of underground parking spaces in the plot, S t is the area of ​​one underground parking space, S j is the above-ground building area of ​​the plot, N j S is the number of parking spaces per 100 square meters of building area. d is the area of ​​the plot, R is the plot ratio of the plot;

[0037] Among them, the excavation thickness of the underground space of the building is obtained by calculating the sum of the underground space beam height, clear height, bottom plate thickness, and pipeline reserved space height, and distinguishing between residential and commercial land types and calculating them separately.

[0038] Preferably, the excavation volume of the subway and the underground comprehensive pipe gallery is calculated based on the road surface as the calculation unit, and is obtained according to the length and cross-sectional dimensions of the planned subway and underground comprehensive pipe gallery;

[0039] Among them, the calculation formula for the subway excavation volume of each road surface is:

[0040] V u =D c ×Sj;

[0041] S j =π×(D z / 2) 2 ;

[0042] Where V uis the subway excavation volume on the road surface, D c is the planned subway length of the road surface, S j is the cross-sectional area of ​​the planned subway, D z To plan the diameter of the subway;

[0043] Among them, the calculation formula for the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor on each road surface is:

[0044] V u =D c ×S j；

[0045] S j =W j ×H j；

[0046] Where V u is the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, D c is the planned length of underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, S j To plan the cross-sectional dimensions of the underground utility corridor, W j H is the width of the planned underground utility corridor section. j To plan the height of the section of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor.

[0047] Preferably, step 6 comprises:

[0048] Step 601: Sum the surface filling and excavation volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each plot to calculate the filling and excavation volume of each plot;

[0049] Step 602: Using the cut and fill type and the land use type as characteristic values, a site cut and fill thematic map is produced by layered coloring, the corresponding cut and fill volume value is marked at the center of the map, and a title, compass, scale, and legend elements are added to the map.

[0050] A GIS-based site vertical design earthwork calculation system, including:

[0051] The current DEM construction module is used to perform spatial interpolation and clipping on the elevation points in the current topographic map of the site to generate the current digital elevation model DEM of the site;

[0052] Design DEM construction module, which is used to perform spatial interpolation and clipping of the design elevation data in the site design to generate the site design digital elevation model DEM;

[0053] The surface cut and fill volume calculation module is used to perform raster analysis on the site's current digital elevation model DEM and the site's design digital elevation model DEM, and obtain the site's surface cut and fill raster data by combining the ground area represented by each pixel. Then, through spatial statistical analysis, the surface cut and fill volume of each map in the planning ground state vector data is calculated;

[0054] The underground engineering excavation volume calculation module calculates the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground surface vector data based on the planning indicator data of the underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipeline corridors in the control detailed planning;

[0055] The total amount of excavation and filling calculation module is used to sum the surface excavation and filling volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block in the planning ground shape vector data, obtain the excavation and filling volume of each map block, generate the site excavation and filling thematic map, and accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all maps of the site to obtain the total excavation and filling volume of the site.

[0056] The present invention discloses a method and system for calculating the earthwork volume of a site vertical design based on GIS. Based on the site current topographic map, site design map, and control detailed planning data, the excavation and filling volume of the site surface topography and the excavation volume of the underground engineering are calculated to obtain the excavation volume and filling volume of the site. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. Based on GIS technology, the present invention can realize the simple, fast and high-precision calculation of earthwork volume in the vertical design of large-area sites, and can quickly count the excavation and filling volume of any area in the site;

[0058] 2. The present invention uses the basic data topographic map in site design as the data source, and does not need to collect additional current data such as laser point cloud and oblique photography. While ensuring high-precision calculation of earthwork volume, it saves the investment in obtaining current data, reduces the complexity of earthwork volume calculation, improves the efficiency of earthwork volume calculation, and expands applicability;

[0059] 3. In addition to calculating the surface excavation and filling volume, the present invention also calculates the excavated volume of underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipelines in the site, making the site earthwork volume calculation more accurate, scientific and reasonable, and providing more reliable data support for the vertical design of the site. At the same time, combined with the development sequence of the plots, detailed earthwork allocation routes for each plot are made, effectively guiding the construction and development of the site, helping to reduce construction costs and speed up construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0061] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method and system for calculating the earthwork volume of a vertical design of a site based on GIS according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method and system for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS is provided.

[0064] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for calculating earthwork volume for vertical planning and design of a site based on GIS is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Obtain the site status topographic map file, and construct the site status digital elevation model DEM based on the elevation points in the topographic map, including:

[0066] Step 101: Collect 1:500 scale CAD format topographic map files, perform data format conversion processing on the topographic map files by layer, convert the water system and building layers in the topographic map into planar vector data, and convert the elevation annotations in the topographic map into elevation point vector data;

[0067] Step 102: After removing abnormal points in the elevation point vector data, the elevation point vector data is spatially interpolated using the Kriging method to generate an initial current digital elevation model DEM raster file;

[0068] Step 103: Produce site boundary vector data, and use the site boundary to clip the initial current digital elevation model DEM raster file to obtain the site current digital elevation model DEM.

[0069] Step 2: Based on the design elevation in the site vertical design drawing, construct the site design digital elevation model DEM, including:

[0070] Step 201: Collect the site vertical design drawing in CAD format with the same coordinate system as the current topographic map file, and convert the design elevation annotation points in the site vertical design drawing into design elevation vector point data in GIS format;

[0071] Step 201: Check and process the design elevation vector point data to ensure that the design elevation vector point data does not contain abnormal data and includes the following control points:

[0072] Mark one control point at each road redline breakpoint and the intersection center to generate road intersection control points;

[0073] Mark one control point on each of the red lines on both sides of the road and the road center line at the road section slope change point to generate the road section control point;

[0074] Mark control points at the edges and slope change points inside the plot, and generate control points for the plot outside the road;

[0075] The existing terrain elevation points in non-construction areas such as water systems and retained structures in the existing topographic map are used as control points in non-construction areas of the site.

[0076] Step 203: Use the Kriging method to perform spatial interpolation processing on the design elevation vector point data, set the same pixel size as the site current digital elevation model DEM, and generate an initial design digital elevation model DEM raster file;

[0077] Step 204: clipping the initial design digital elevation model DEM raster file using the site boundary to obtain the site design digital elevation model DEM.

[0078] Step 3: Perform raster analysis on the site design digital elevation model DEM and the current digital elevation model DEM to obtain surface excavation and filling raster data with excavation and filling volume as pixel value, and generate the site surface excavation and filling thematic map, including:

[0079] Step 301: Subtract the pixel values ​​in the site current digital elevation model DEM from those in the design digital elevation model DEM by means of raster calculation to obtain the site terrain height difference raster data;

[0080] Step 302: By means of a grid calculation method, the pixel values ​​in the non-construction area in the site terrain height difference grid data are set to 0;

[0081] Step 303: multiplying the pixel value in the terrain height difference grid data by the ground area represented by each pixel by a grid calculation method to generate site surface excavation and fill raster data in which the pixel value is the excavation and fill volume;

[0082] Step 304: The positive value, negative value and 0 of the pixel in the site surface excavation and fill raster data represent excavation, filling and unchanged terrain respectively. By setting different color symbols, a site surface excavation and fill thematic map is produced.

[0083] Step 4: Based on the control detailed planning data, prepare planning ground state vector data consisting of road surfaces and plots, and calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each plot in the planning ground state vector data based on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data, including:

[0084] Step 401: based on the control detailed planning data, generate planning ground vector data consisting of road surfaces and land parcels within the site, and segment the road surfaces at the intersections;

[0085] Step 402: Perform spatial statistical analysis on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data to calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each map block in the planning ground state vector data.

[0086] Step 5: Based on the planning index data of underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipe corridors in the control detailed planning, calculate the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground shape vector data, including:

[0087] Step 501: Calculate the underground excavation volume of each building in each plot based on the plot area, plot ratio, and parking space data in the control detailed plan. The calculation formula is:

[0088] V u =S u ×H u ;

[0089] S u =N t ×S t ;

[0090] N t =S j / N j ;

[0091] S j =S d ×R;

[0092] Where V u is the excavation volume of underground space of buildings in the plot, S u is the underground space area of ​​the building on the plot, H uis the thickness of the underground excavation of the building, N t is the number of underground parking spaces in the plot, S t is the area of ​​one underground parking space, S j is the above-ground building area of ​​the plot, N j S is the number of parking spaces per 100 square meters of building area. d is the area of ​​the plot, R is the plot ratio of the plot;

[0093] Among them, the excavation thickness of the underground space of the building is obtained by calculating the sum of the underground space beam height, clear height, bottom plate thickness, and pipeline reserved space height, and distinguishing between residential and commercial land types and calculating them separately.

[0094] Step 502: Taking the road surface as the calculation unit, the excavation volume of the subway and the underground comprehensive pipe gallery of each road surface is calculated according to the length and cross-sectional size of the planned subway and underground comprehensive pipe gallery. The calculation formula of the excavation volume of the subway on each road surface is:

[0095] V u =D c ×Sj;

[0096] S j =π×(D z / 2) 2 ;

[0097] Where V u is the subway excavation volume on the road surface, D c is the planned subway length of the road surface, S j is the cross-sectional area of ​​the planned subway, D z To plan the diameter of the subway;

[0098] Among them, the calculation formula for the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor on each road surface is:

[0099] V u =D c ×S j；

[0100] S j =W j ×H j；

[0101] Where V u is the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, D c is the planned length of underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, S j To plan the cross-sectional dimensions of the underground utility corridor, W j H is the width of the planned underground utility corridor section. j To plan the height of the section of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor.

[0102] Step 503: Sum the subway excavation volume and underground comprehensive pipeline corridor excavation volume of each road surface to obtain the underground engineering excavation volume of each map block in the planning ground state vector data.

[0103] Step 6: Based on the surface fill and cut volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block, calculate the fill and cut volume of each map block, and generate a site fill and cut volume thematic map, including:

[0104] Step 601: Calculate the filling and cutting volume of each plot by summing the surface filling and cutting volume and the underground engineering cutting volume of each plot through attribute calculation;

[0105] Step 602: Using the cut and fill type as the characteristic value, a site cut and fill thematic map is produced by layered coloring, the corresponding cut and fill volume value is marked at the center of the map, and a title, compass, scale, and legend elements are added.

[0106] Step 603: Using the land use type as the characteristic value, a site excavation and fill thematic map is produced by layered coloring, the corresponding excavation and fill volume value is marked at the center of the map, and a title, compass, scale, and legend elements are added.

[0107] Step 7: Accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all the plots of the site respectively to obtain the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site, continuously adjust the design elevation and enter step 2 to recalculate until the difference between the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site does not exceed the predetermined threshold.

[0108] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a GIS-based site vertical design earthwork calculation system is provided, comprising:

[0109] The current DEM construction module is used to perform spatial interpolation and clipping on the elevation points in the current topographic map of the site to generate the current digital elevation model DEM of the site;

[0110] Design a DEM construction module to perform spatial interpolation and clipping on the design elevation data in the site design drawing to generate a site design digital elevation model DEM;

[0111] The surface cut and fill volume calculation module is used to perform raster analysis on the site's current digital elevation model DEM and the site's design digital elevation model DEM, and obtain the site's surface cut and fill raster data by combining the ground area represented by each pixel. Then, through spatial statistical analysis, the surface cut and fill volume of each map in the planning ground state vector data is calculated;

[0112] The underground engineering excavation volume calculation module calculates the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground surface vector data based on the planning indicator data of the underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipeline corridors in the control detailed planning;

[0113] The total amount of excavation and filling calculation module is used to sum the surface excavation and filling volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block in the planning ground shape vector data, obtain the excavation and filling volume of each map block, generate the site excavation and filling thematic map, and accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all maps of the site to obtain the total excavation and filling volume of the site.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain the site status topographic map file, and construct the site status digital elevation model DEM based on the elevation points in the topographic map; Step 2: Construct the site design digital elevation model DEM based on the design elevation in the site vertical design drawing; Step 3: Perform raster analysis on the site design digital elevation model DEM and the current digital elevation model DEM to obtain surface excavation and filling raster data with the excavation and filling volume as pixel value, and generate the site surface excavation and filling thematic map; Step 4: Based on the control detailed planning data, prepare planning ground state vector data consisting of road surfaces and plots, and calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each plot in the planning ground state vector data based on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data; Step 5: Based on the planning index data of underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipe corridors in the control detailed planning, calculate the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground shape vector data; Step 6: Based on the surface filling and excavation volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block, calculate the filling and excavation volume of each map block, and generate a site filling and excavation thematic map; Step 7: Accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all the plots of the site respectively to obtain the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site, continuously adjust the design elevation and enter step 2 to recalculate until the difference between the total excavation volume and the total filling volume of the site does not exceed the predetermined threshold.

2. A method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the site design elevation is the elevation of the control points marked in the site design drawing, and the control points include road intersection control points, road section control points, road outer plot control points, and control points in the non-construction area of ​​the site. The specific generation steps are: Step 201: Mark one control point at each road redline breakpoint of the intersection and at the center of the intersection to generate a road intersection control point; Step 202: Mark one control point on each of the red lines on both sides of the road and the road center line at the road section slope change point to generate a road section control point; Step 203: marking control points at the edges and slope change points inside the plot, and generating control points of the plot outside the road; Step 204: The existing terrain elevation points at the water system and the non-construction area of ​​the reserved structure in the existing terrain map are used as control points at the non-construction area of ​​the site.

3. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the site design digital elevation model DEM and the site current digital elevation model DEM have the same coordinate system and ground resolution.

4. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 3 comprises: Step 301: Calculate the difference between the pixel values ​​in the current digital elevation model DEM of the site and the design digital elevation model DEM by means of raster calculation to obtain the site terrain height difference raster data; Step 302: By means of a grid calculation method, the pixel values ​​in the non-construction area in the site terrain height difference grid data are set to 0; Step 303: multiplying the pixel value in the terrain height difference raster data by the ground area represented by each pixel to obtain the site surface excavation and filling raster data in which the pixel value is the excavation and filling volume; Step 304: The positive value, negative value and 0 of the pixel in the site surface excavation and fill raster data represent excavation, filling and unchanged terrain respectively. By setting different color symbols, a site surface excavation and fill thematic map is produced.

5. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 4 comprises: Step 401: based on the control detailed planning data, generate planning ground vector data consisting of road surfaces and land parcels within the site, and segment the road surfaces at the intersections; Step 402: Perform spatial statistical analysis on the surface fill and cut raster data and the planning ground state vector data to calculate the surface fill and cut earthwork volume of each map block in the planning ground state vector data.

6. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the underground engineering excavation volume includes the excavation volume of the underground space of the building, the excavation volume of the subway, and the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor.

7. A method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 6, characterized in that: The excavation volume of the underground space of the building is calculated based on the plot as the calculation unit, according to the plot area, volume ratio, and parking space indicators. The calculation formula for the excavation volume of the underground space of the building in each plot is: V u =S u ×H u ; S u =N t ×S t ; N t =S j / N j ; S j =S d ×R; Where V u is the excavation volume of underground space of buildings in the plot, S u is the underground space area of ​​the building on the plot, H u is the thickness of the underground excavation of the building, N t is the number of underground parking spaces in the plot, S t is the area of ​​one underground parking space, S j is the above-ground building area of ​​the plot, N j S is the number of parking spaces per 100 square meters of building area. d is the area of ​​the plot, R is the plot ratio of the plot; Among them, the excavation thickness of the underground space of the building is obtained by calculating the sum of the underground space beam height, clear height, bottom plate thickness, and pipeline reserved space height, and distinguishing between residential and commercial land types and calculating them separately.

8. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The excavation volume of the subway and underground comprehensive pipe gallery is calculated based on the road surface as the calculation unit, and is obtained according to the length and cross-sectional dimensions of the planned subway and underground comprehensive pipe gallery; Among them, the calculation formula for the subway excavation volume of each road surface is: V u =D c ×Sj; S j =π×(D z / 2) 2 ; Where V u is the subway excavation volume on the road surface, D c is the planned subway length of the road surface, S j is the cross-sectional area of ​​the planned subway, D z To plan the diameter of the subway; Among them, the calculation formula for the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor on each road surface is: V u =D c ×S j； S j =W j ×H j； Where V u is the excavation volume of the underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, D c is the planned length of underground comprehensive pipeline gallery on the road surface, S j To plan the cross-sectional dimensions of the underground utility corridor, W j H is the width of the planned underground utility corridor section. j To plan the height of the underground comprehensive pipeline corridor section.

9. The method for calculating the vertical design earthwork volume of a site based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 6 comprises: Step 601: Sum the surface filling and excavation volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each plot to calculate the filling and excavation volume of each plot; Step 602: Using the cut and fill type and the land use type as characteristic values, a site cut and fill thematic map is produced by layered coloring, the corresponding cut and fill volume value is marked at the center of the map, and a title, compass, scale, and legend elements are added to the map.

10. A GIS-based site vertical design earthwork calculation system, characterized in that: include: The current DEM construction module is used to perform spatial interpolation and clipping on the elevation points in the current topographic map of the site to generate the current digital elevation model DEM of the site; Design a DEM construction module to perform spatial interpolation and clipping on the design elevation data in the site design drawing to generate a site design digital elevation model DEM; The surface cut and fill volume calculation module is used to perform raster analysis on the site's current digital elevation model DEM and the site's design digital elevation model DEM, and obtain the site's surface cut and fill raster data by combining the ground area represented by each pixel. Then, through spatial statistical analysis, the surface cut and fill volume of each map in the planning ground state vector data is calculated; The underground engineering excavation volume calculation module calculates the underground engineering excavation volume of each map in the planning ground surface vector data based on the planning indicator data of the underground space of buildings, subways, and underground comprehensive pipeline corridors in the control detailed planning; The total amount of excavation and filling calculation module is used to sum the surface excavation and filling volume and underground engineering excavation volume of each map block in the planning ground shape vector data, obtain the excavation and filling volume of each map block, generate the site excavation and filling thematic map, and accumulate the excavation volume and filling volume of all maps of the site to obtain the total excavation and filling volume of the site.

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