Cooling system of hydrogen fuel cell and related components

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling system and related components of a hydrogen fuel cell, and relates to the field of heat dissipation, and the cooling system is characterized in that a heat exchanger vaporizes liquid hydrogen input from a liquid hydrogen storage device at a first input end into gaseous hydrogen and outputs the gaseous hydrogen to a third pipeline; cooling the cooling liquid in the first pipeline based on the heat absorbed in the vaporization conversion process and outputting the cooling liquid to the second pipeline; the first pipeline is used for conveying cooling liquid after the hydrogen fuel cell is cooled; the second pipeline is used for conveying the cooling liquid cooled in the heat exchanger so as to dissipate heat of the hydrogen fuel cell; the third pipeline transmits gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell; and the cooling device is used for carrying out secondary cooling on the cooling liquid in the second pipeline. The heat dissipation process is divided into two parts, in the heat exchanger, liquid hydrogen is vaporized into gaseous hydrogen to take away a part of heat, and cooling liquid is cooled; the cooling device conducts secondary heat dissipation on the cooling liquid passing through the heat exchanger, the working power of the cooling device is reduced, and then working noise and energy consumption are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat dissipation, and in particular to a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell and related components. Background Art

[0002] During the design and development of vehicles equipped with high-power hydrogen fuel cells, there are problems with large heat dissipation and high auxiliary cooling power consumption of hydrogen fuel cells. Currently, hydrogen fuel cell cooling mainly adopts liquid-air cooling. The coolant circulates in the fuel cell, bringing out a large amount of heat. The coolant enters the cooling device radiator and is cooled by forced heat exchange between the fan and the air. However, this cooling method has the problems of high noise of the cooling device and high auxiliary energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling system and related components for a hydrogen fuel cell, which divides the heat dissipation process into two parts. In the heat exchanger, as liquid hydrogen vaporizes into gaseous hydrogen, it will take away a part of the heat and cool the coolant; the cooling device performs secondary heat dissipation on the coolant passing through the heat exchanger, which reduces the working power of the cooling device itself, thereby reducing the working noise and energy consumption.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

[0005] A liquid hydrogen storage device for storing liquid hydrogen;

[0006] A heat exchanger, wherein a first input end of the heat exchanger is connected to an output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device, a second input end is connected to an output end of a first pipeline, a first output end is connected to an input end of a second pipeline, and a second output end is connected to an input end of a third pipeline, and is used to vaporize liquid hydrogen input from the first input end into gaseous hydrogen and output it to the third pipeline, and based on the heat absorbed during the vaporization conversion process, cool the coolant in the first pipeline and output it to the second pipeline;

[0007] The first pipeline, the input end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and is used to transmit the coolant after cooling the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0008] The second pipeline, a pipeline of a preset length near the output end of the second pipeline is arranged in the hydrogen fuel cell, and is used to transmit the coolant cooled in the heat exchanger to dissipate heat for the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0009] The third pipeline, the output end of which is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, is used to transmit gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0010] A cooling device is used for performing secondary cooling on the coolant in the second pipeline.

[0011] On the other hand, the liquid hydrogen storage device further comprises a valve;

[0012] The valve is arranged at the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device and is used to adjust its opening so as to increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage device. The liquid hydrogen is naturally vaporized in the heat exchanger.

[0013] On the other hand, the cooling device includes a fan, a temperature sensor and a fan controller;

[0014] The fan is used to perform forced air cooling on the coolant in the second pipe;

[0015] The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the coolant entering the second pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0016] The fan controller is connected to the control end of the fan motor and the temperature sensor through signals, and is used to determine the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, and send a control signal value corresponding to the speed to the fan motor.

[0017] On the other hand, the cooling device further comprises a ventilation device;

[0018] The ventilation device is used to collect the running wind in the traveling direction of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located, so as to perform running wind cooling on the coolant in the second pipeline.

[0019] On the other hand, the wind direction of the fan is the same as the air inlet direction of the ventilation device.

[0020] On the other hand, the fan controller is also connected to the vehicle controller of the train;

[0021] The fan controller is specifically used to determine the running speed of the train through the vehicle controller, determine the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed, determine the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell through the temperature sensor, determine the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind, and send a control signal corresponding to the speed to the motor of the fan.

[0022] On the other hand, the process of determining the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind includes:

[0023] The required heat dissipation of the fan is determined according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and a heat dissipation relationship, wherein the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2;

[0024] Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan;

[0025] The rotation speed of the fan is determined according to the heat dissipation required by the fan.

[0026] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, including the above cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a train, comprising the above hydrogen fuel cell.

[0028] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a control method for a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which is applied to a cooling device in the above cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

[0029] determining the running speed of the train by means of a vehicle controller of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located;

[0030] Determining the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed;

[0031] Determining the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell by a temperature sensor of the train;

[0032] The required heat dissipation of the fan in the cooling device is determined according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and the heat dissipation relationship, wherein the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2;

[0033] Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan;

[0034] The rotation speed of the fan is determined according to the heat dissipation required by the fan, and a control signal corresponding to the rotation speed is sent to the motor of the fan.

[0035] The present application provides a cooling system and related components for a hydrogen fuel cell, which relates to the field of heat dissipation, including: a heat exchanger vaporizes liquid hydrogen input from a liquid hydrogen storage device at a first input end into gaseous hydrogen and outputs it to a third pipeline, and based on the heat absorbed during the vaporization conversion process, cools the coolant in the first pipeline and outputs it to a second pipeline; the first pipeline transmits the coolant after cooling the hydrogen fuel cell; the second pipeline transmits the coolant after cooling in the heat exchanger to dissipate heat for the hydrogen fuel cell; the third pipeline transmits gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell; and the cooling device performs secondary cooling on the coolant in the second pipeline. The heat dissipation process is divided into two parts. In the heat exchanger, the vaporization of liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen will take away a part of the heat, thereby cooling the coolant; the cooling device performs secondary heat dissipation on the coolant passing through the heat exchanger, which reduces the working power of the cooling device itself, thereby reducing the working noise and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the prior art and the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for controlling a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The core of the present invention is to provide a cooling system and related components for a hydrogen fuel cell, which divides the heat dissipation process into two parts. In the heat exchanger, as liquid hydrogen vaporizes into gaseous hydrogen, it will take away part of the heat and cool the coolant; the cooling device performs secondary heat dissipation on the coolant passing through the heat exchanger, which reduces the working power of the cooling device itself, thereby reducing the working noise and energy consumption.

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the cooling system for the hydrogen fuel cell comprises:

[0043] A liquid hydrogen storage device 1, used for storing liquid hydrogen;

[0044] A heat exchanger 2, wherein a first input end of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to an output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device 1, a second input end is connected to an output end of a first pipeline 3, a first output end is connected to an input end of a second pipeline 4, and a second output end is connected to an input end of a third pipeline 5, and is used to vaporize liquid hydrogen input from the first input end into gaseous hydrogen and output it to the third pipeline 5, and based on the heat absorbed during the vaporization conversion process, cool the coolant in the first pipeline 3 and output it to the second pipeline 4;

[0045] A first pipeline 3, the input end of the first pipeline 3 is connected to the output end of the second pipeline 4, and is used to transmit the coolant after cooling the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0046] A second pipeline 4, a pipeline of a preset length near the output end of the second pipeline 4 is arranged in the hydrogen fuel cell, and is used to transmit the coolant cooled in the heat exchanger 2 to dissipate heat for the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0047] A third pipeline 5, the output end of the third pipeline 5 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, and is used to transmit gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0048] The cooling device 6 is used for performing secondary cooling on the coolant in the second pipe 4 .

[0049] In the process of designing and developing vehicles equipped with high-power hydrogen fuel cells, there are problems with large heat dissipation of hydrogen fuel cells and large auxiliary cooling power consumption. Currently, hydrogen fuel cell cooling mainly adopts liquid-air cooling (the coolant circulates in the fuel cell, taking out a large amount of heat, and the coolant enters the cooling device 6 radiator and is cooled by forced heat exchange with the air through the fan 61). However, this cooling method has the problems of high noise of the cooling device 6, high auxiliary energy consumption, and high aerodynamic resistance of the vehicle due to large ventilation volume.

[0050] That is, in the prior art, since all heat dissipation is completed by the fan 61 in the cooling device 6, the amount of heat dissipation that the fan 61 needs to complete is too large, and the working power response of the fan 61 becomes higher, which leads to the problem of high noise and high energy consumption of the fan 61. At the same time, the higher the speed of the fan 61, the greater the wind generated by the fan 61, and the wind generated by the fan 61 may cause the problem of high aerodynamic resistance inside the vehicle, which in turn leads to higher energy consumption of the vehicle, so the present application divides the heat into two parts for heat dissipation.

[0051] In the first part, since the liquid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen in the heat exchanger 2, the vaporization absorbs heat, so the absorbed heat can be provided by the high-temperature coolant in the process of vaporization absorbs heat. Therefore, the first input end of the heat exchanger 2 of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device 1, and the second output end is connected to the input end of the third pipeline 5. In the heat exchanger 2, the liquid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen and output to the hydrogen fuel cell so that the hydrogen fuel cell can generate electricity. The second input end of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the output end of the first pipeline 3, and the first output end is connected to the input end of the second pipeline 4. It can be understood that the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 4 are both coolants, but the coolant in the first pipeline 3 is higher than the coolant in the second pipeline 4. The first pipeline 3 is connected to the coolant that passes through the hydrogen fuel cell. After the coolant dissipates heat for the hydrogen fuel cell, its own temperature will rise. After the coolant in the first pipeline 3 passes through the heat exchanger 2, the liquid hydrogen in the heat exchanger 2 vaporizes and absorbs heat, and then the temperature of the coolant in the first pipeline 3 decreases, and then it is output to the second pipeline 4.

[0052] On the other hand, although the coolant in the second pipe 4 has undergone the first cooling process, the temperature may not reach the target temperature and continue to cool the hydrogen fuel cell. Therefore, the present application is provided with a cooling device 6, which can cool the coolant in the second pipe 4 for a second time, and then the coolant after the second cooling can cool the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0053] That is, the cooling device 6 in the present application only undertakes part of the cooling task. When lowering the temperature of the coolant by the same amount, the power of the fan 61 in the cooling device 6 in the present application can be lower, thereby reducing noise, energy consumption, and ventilation volume response, and the impact on the vehicle will also be reduced.

[0054] The present application provides a cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell, which relates to the field of heat dissipation, including: a heat exchanger 2 vaporizes liquid hydrogen input from a liquid hydrogen storage device 1 at a first input end into gaseous hydrogen and outputs it to a third pipe 5, and based on the heat absorbed during the vaporization conversion process, cools the coolant in the first pipe 3 and outputs it to a second pipe 4; the first pipe 3 transmits the coolant after cooling the hydrogen fuel cell; the second pipe 4 transmits the coolant after cooling in the heat exchanger 2 to dissipate heat for the hydrogen fuel cell; the third pipe 5 transmits gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell; and the cooling device 6 performs secondary cooling on the coolant in the second pipe 4. The heat dissipation process is divided into two parts. In the heat exchanger 2, the vaporization of liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen will take away a part of the heat, and cool the coolant; the cooling device 6 performs secondary heat dissipation on the coolant passing through the heat exchanger 2, which reduces the working power of the cooling device 6 itself, thereby reducing the working noise and energy consumption.

[0055] Based on the above embodiments:

[0056] In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage device 1 further includes a valve;

[0057] The valve is arranged at the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device 1 and is used to adjust its opening so as to increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage device 1 . The liquid hydrogen is naturally vaporized in the heat exchanger 2 .

[0058] In order to reduce energy consumption, the liquid hydrogen is controlled to be naturally vaporized in the heat exchanger 2 as much as possible, rather than artificially vaporized, which results in more energy loss. Therefore, a valve is provided in the liquid hydrogen storage device 1 of the present application, and the valve can increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen by adjusting its opening. When the high-pressure liquid hydrogen is output to the heat exchanger 2, the liquid hydrogen is naturally converted into gaseous hydrogen due to the pressure reduction, so as to achieve natural vaporization and reduce unnecessary energy loss.

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0060] In some embodiments, the cooling device 6 includes a fan 61, a temperature sensor 62, and a fan controller 63;

[0061] The fan 61 is used to perform forced air cooling to cool the coolant in the second pipe 4;

[0062] The temperature sensor 62 is used to collect the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0063] The fan controller 63 is connected to the control end of the motor of the fan 61 and the temperature sensor 62 through signals, and is used to determine the speed of the fan 61 according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell, and send a control signal value corresponding to the speed to the motor of the fan 61.

[0064] The speed of the fan 61 is controlled by the motor of the fan 61, and the output power of the motor of the fan 61 is determined by the fan controller 63. The control of the fan 61 needs to calculate the heat dissipation that the fan 61 needs to bear. When determining the heat dissipation that the fan 61 needs to bear, it is necessary to determine the total heat that the coolant needs to cool down. The total heat is related to the heat taken away in the heat exchanger 2. Therefore, the fan controller 63 needs to determine the speed of the fan 61 according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 and generate a corresponding motor control instruction.

[0065] The present invention is provided with a fan controller 63, which is connected with the vehicle controller, the motor of the fan 61 in the cooling device 6, and the temperature sensor 62 in the cooling device 6 through signal lines. The fan controller 63 can collect the ambient temperature, the coolant temperature entering the cooling device 6, and the vehicle speed signal, and calculate in real time the heat carried away by the running wind and the cooling air volume required for the remaining heat dissipation, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the fan 61.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cooling device 6 further includes a ventilation device 64;

[0067] The ventilation device 64 is used to collect the running wind in the traveling direction of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located, so as to cool the coolant in the second pipeline 4 by running wind.

[0068] The cooling device 6 is provided with a ventilation device 64 with multiple heat dissipating fins, the wind direction of the fan 61 is toward the air inlet of the ventilation device 64, and the high-temperature water pipe runs through the ventilation device 64, and the pipe body can be perpendicular to the air inlet direction. The radiator ventilation resistance curve is preset internally, and the running air flow through the radiator of the cooling device 6 at different vehicle speeds can be calculated, and then the cooling amount of the running air can be determined.

[0069] In some embodiments, the wind direction of the fan 61 is the same as the air inlet direction of the ventilation device 64 .

[0070] Furthermore, in order to avoid useless waste of energy, if the wind directions of the fan 61 and the ventilation device 64 are opposite, the winds in the two directions will collide, which will affect the working efficiency of the running air cooling and forced air cooling. Therefore, the wind direction of the running air cooling ventilation device 64 is the same as that of the forced air cooling fan 61, thereby cooling the coolant at the same time.

[0071] In some embodiments, the fan controller 63 is also connected to the vehicle controller of the train;

[0072] The fan controller 63 is specifically used to determine the running speed of the train through the vehicle controller, determine the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed, determine the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell through the temperature sensor 62, determine the speed of the fan 61 according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind, and send a control signal corresponding to the speed to the motor of the fan 61.

[0073] The running speed of the train is sent by the vehicle controller. After receiving the running speed of the vehicle, the fan controller 63 can determine the running wind of the vehicle, and then determine the heat dissipation of the running wind. Furthermore, the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell is determined by the temperature sensor 62, and the difference between the temperature and the target temperature can determine the target heat dissipation of the cooling device 6. Then, the speed of the fan 61 is calculated according to the target heat dissipation.

[0074] In some embodiments, the process of determining the speed of the fan 61 according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind includes:

[0075] The heat dissipation required by the fan 61 is determined according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and the heat dissipation relationship, and the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2;

[0076] Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan 61;

[0077] The rotation speed of the fan 61 is determined according to the heat dissipation required by the fan 61 .

[0078] What the cooling device 6 needs to accomplish is to cool down the coolant in the second pipe 4, so the temperature difference between the target temperature and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe 4 entering the hydrogen fuel cell will directly affect the value of the target heat dissipation. After the target heat dissipation value is determined, the cooling device 6 includes two aspects: forced air cooling and running air cooling. The heat dissipation of running air cooling is related to the wind speed of the running wind, and the wind speed of the running wind is related to the running speed of the train. The faster the running speed of the train, the higher the wind speed of the running wind, and the more heat is taken away by the running air cooling. After the heat is taken away by the running wind, the remaining heat is the heat dissipation required by the fan 61, and then the speed of the fan 61 can be calculated.

[0079] The present application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, including the above-mentioned cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0080] For an introduction to the hydrogen fuel cell provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0081] The present application also provides a train, comprising the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell.

[0082] For the introduction of the train provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] Figure 3 A flow chart of a control method for a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell provided by the present invention. The control method for a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell is applied to a cooling device in the cooling system of the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

[0084] S11: Determine the running speed of the train through a vehicle controller of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located;

[0085] S12: Determine the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed;

[0086] S13: Determine the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell through a temperature sensor of the train;

[0087] S14: determining the required heat dissipation of the fan in the cooling device according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and the heat dissipation relationship, wherein the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2;

[0088] Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan;

[0089] S15: Determine the speed of the fan according to the heat dissipation required by the fan, and send a control signal corresponding to the speed to the motor of the fan.

[0090] For an introduction to the control method of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0092] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0093] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: include: A liquid hydrogen storage device for storing liquid hydrogen; A heat exchanger, wherein a first input end of the heat exchanger is connected to an output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device, a second input end is connected to an output end of a first pipeline, a first output end is connected to an input end of a second pipeline, and a second output end is connected to an input end of a third pipeline, and is used to vaporize liquid hydrogen input from the first input end into gaseous hydrogen and output it to the third pipeline, and based on the heat absorbed during the vaporization conversion process, cool the coolant in the first pipeline and output it to the second pipeline; The first pipeline, the input end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and is used to transmit the coolant after cooling the hydrogen fuel cell; The second pipeline, a pipeline of a preset length near the output end of the second pipeline is arranged in the hydrogen fuel cell, and is used to transmit the coolant cooled in the heat exchanger to dissipate heat for the hydrogen fuel cell; The third pipeline, the output end of which is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, is used to transmit gaseous hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell; A cooling device is used for performing secondary cooling on the coolant in the second pipeline.

2. The cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen storage device also includes a valve; The valve is arranged at the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device and is used to adjust its opening so as to increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage device. The liquid hydrogen is naturally vaporized in the heat exchanger.

3. The cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cooling device includes a fan, a temperature sensor and a fan controller; The fan is used to perform forced air cooling on the coolant in the second pipe; The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the coolant entering the second pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell; The fan controller is connected to the control end of the fan motor and the temperature sensor through signals, and is used to determine the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, and send a control signal value corresponding to the speed to the fan motor.

4. The cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling device also includes a ventilation device; The ventilation device is used to collect the running wind in the traveling direction of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located, so as to perform running wind cooling on the coolant in the second pipeline.

5. The cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wind direction of the fan is the same as the air inlet direction of the ventilation device.

6. The cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fan controller is also connected to the vehicle controller of the train; The fan controller is specifically used to determine the running speed of the train through the vehicle controller, determine the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed, determine the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell through the temperature sensor, determine the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind, and send a control signal corresponding to the speed to the motor of the fan.

7. The cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of determining the speed of the fan according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heat dissipation of the running wind includes: The required heat dissipation of the fan is determined according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and a heat dissipation relationship, wherein the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2; Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan; The rotation speed of the fan is determined according to the heat dissipation required by the fan.

8. A hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: A cooling system for a hydrogen fuel cell comprising the cooling system of any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A train, characterized in that: Comprising the hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 8.

10. A method for controlling a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: A cooling device used in a cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: determining the running speed of the train by means of a vehicle controller of the train where the hydrogen fuel cell is located; Determine the heat dissipation of the running wind according to the running speed; Determining the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell by a temperature sensor of the train; The required heat dissipation of the fan in the cooling device is determined according to the temperature of the coolant in the second pipeline entering the hydrogen fuel cell, the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat dissipation of the running wind and the heat dissipation relationship, wherein the heat dissipation relationship is Q-Q1=Q2; Wherein, Q is the target heat dissipation, which is related to the target temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the temperature of the coolant in the second pipe entering the hydrogen fuel cell, Q1 is the heat dissipation of the running wind, and Q2 is the heat dissipation required by the fan; The rotation speed of the fan is determined according to the heat dissipation required by the fan, and a control signal corresponding to the rotation speed is sent to the motor of the fan.

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