Feed additive for improving egg quality of laying hens and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for improving egg quality of laying hens and a preparation method of the feed additive. The feed additive is prepared from saccharicterpenin, herba epimedii extract, calcium and trace elements. According to the feed additive provided by the invention, the saccharicterpenin, the herba epimedii extract, the calcium gluconate and the trace elements are used as raw materials, so that the egg yield of laying hens can be increased, and the egg breaking rate of the laid eggs can be reduced. The saccharicterpenin can inhibit the reduction of the laying rate in the later peak period, improve the quality of main eggs and also have a certain improvement effect on the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, calcium gluconate and other calcium have the advantages of being easy to absorb, high in bioavailability and the like, calcium can be supplemented for laying hens, and the shell strength and quality of the laid eggs can be enhanced. And the epimedium can improve the immunity of the laying hens in the egg laying period so as to improve the egg laying quality of the laying hens. Meanwhile, the saccharicterpenin, the calcium gluconate and the herba epimedii extract are compounded for use, so that a synergistic interaction effect is achieved, and the quality of the eggs is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives and relates to a feed additive for improving the quality of eggs from laying hens and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people are paying more attention to scientific and nutritious diets while pursuing improved living standards. Eggs are a relatively easy and cheap protein that humans can obtain, and are deeply loved by consumers. my country's consumption demand for eggs has a broad market.

[0003] Eggs are rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, minerals and vitamins that the human body needs. They are not only part of human daily diet, but also the raw materials of many processed foods. The ingredients such as lecithin, yolk, immunoglobulin in eggs have the effects of anti-oxidation, improving immunity, promoting liver cell regeneration, and preventing cancer. Therefore, eggs are also widely used in the fields of medicine, chemical industry and biology.

[0004] my country is a major producer and consumer of eggs, with a huge market size. Ensuring the quality of eggs is also about protecting the health and safety of consumers. Due to the influence of stocking density, environment, feed quality and other factors, laying hens are prone to various problems in their reproductive system during the production period, such as sand-peel eggs, soft-shell eggs, small eggs, low egg production rate, etc., which seriously affect the income of farmers. In addition, when the quality of eggs is low, broken eggs are prone to occur, and broken eggs are easily damaged by antibacterial agents. If consumed, they will cause harm to human health.

[0005] As a new type of green feed additive, saccharoterpenoids are a product composed of triterpenoid saponins, sugars and other natural bioactive substances extracted from the cake of the seeds of the Theaceae family. Saccharoterpenoids have the functions of promoting protein synthesis, increasing digestive enzyme activity, resisting heat stress, improving meat quality, reducing heavy metal residues, and effectively improving the immune function of animals. It is my country's first feed-type antibiotic substitute and has certain applications in my country's breeding industry.

[0006] Epimedium is a traditional Chinese tonic with biological functions such as anti-oxidation, immunity enhancement, reproductive ability improvement, osteoporosis resistance, and anti-tumor. It can be used as a new feed additive in livestock and poultry production. It has the effects of improving animal semen quality, enhancing immune function, and alleviating oxidative stress. It is an important feed additive.

[0007] Calcium substances also play an important role in poultry and livestock additives. For example, calcium gluconate is a calcium salt of gluconic acid. It is white crystal or powder, odorless and tasteless, soluble in cold water, easily soluble in hot water, and insoluble in anhydrous ethanol, chloroform or ether. Calcium gluconate is an important organic calcium. It is used as a calcium supplement in clinical practice. It is also a raw material for the production of other gluconates (zinc gluconate, iron gluconate, etc.) and glucono delta-lactone. It is an important chemical export product in my country.

[0008] In addition to calcium gluconate, commonly used calcium substances also include organic calcium and inorganic calcium, such as calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride, etc.

[0009] At present, there are no reports on the combined use of saccharipenoids, epimedium extract and calcium such as calcium gluconate to improve egg quality and increase egg production in laying hens. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive for improving the quality of laying hens' eggs.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] The first aspect of the present invention provides a feed additive for improving the quality of eggs of laying hens, which comprises saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium and trace elements in a weight ratio of (15-50): (5-15): (30-45): (20-40);

[0013] The calcium includes one or more of calcium gluconate, calcium formate and calcium propionate;

[0014] The trace elements include copper, iron, manganese, zinc and selenium.

[0015] Preferably, the feed additive consists of saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium gluconate and trace elements in a weight ratio of 50:15:30:20.

[0016] Preferably, the saccharide terpenoid is prepared by the following method:

[0017] (1) grinding tea seed meal through a 60-mesh sieve, adding 15-20 times by weight of ethanol, heating to 90-100° C., and reflux leaching for 3-4 hours to obtain an extract;

[0018] (2) centrifuging the extract at 4000-4500 r / min for 8-15 min, taking the supernatant, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrate;

[0019] (3) extracting the concentrate with an equal volume of petroleum ether for 2-3 times, then draining the petroleum ether to obtain a residual phase; adding an equal volume of n-butanol to the residual phase, extracting for 2-3 times, combining the n-butanol extraction phases, concentrating under reduced pressure, draining the n-butanol, and drying to obtain saccharide terpenoids.

[0020] Preferably, the epimedium extract is prepared by the following method:

[0021] The whole plant of Epimedium is crushed, and extracted with supercritical CO2 at an extraction temperature of 37°C, an extraction pressure of 28MPa, and an extraction time of 2.5h, and the extract is collected; the extract is freeze-dried to obtain the Epimedium extract.

[0022] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above feed additive, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The saccharoterpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium and trace elements are mixed according to weight percentage.

[0024] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above feed additive in increasing the number of eggs laid by laying hens and reducing the egg breakage rate.

[0025] Preferably, the application method is: adding the additive according to claim 1 to laying hen feed, with the added amount being 1-1.5 kg per ton of laying hen feed.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0027] The feed additive provided by the present invention is made of saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium gluconate and trace elements, which can increase the egg production of laying hens and reduce the egg breakage rate of the laid eggs. Saccharide terpenoids can inhibit the decline of egg production in the late peak period, improve the main egg quality, and also have a certain improvement effect on the fertilization rate and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs. Calcium such as calcium gluconate has the advantages of easy absorption and high bioavailability, which can supplement calcium for laying hens and enhance the shell strength and quality of the laid eggs. Epimedium can improve the immunity of laying hens during egg laying to improve the quality of their eggs. At the same time, the compound use of saccharide terpenoids, calcium gluconate and epimedium extract has played a synergistic effect, effectively improving the quality of eggs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] In the following comparative examples and test examples, calcium gluconate was purchased from Zhengzhou Ruipu Bioengineering Co., Ltd.; calcium formate was purchased from Shandong Fengtai Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; calcium propionate was purchased from BASF (China) Co., Ltd.; trace elements were specifically trace element premix feeds purchased from Shandong Rongya Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product technical indicators were: copper content per kg of product was 3 to 9 × 10 3 mg, iron 2~6×10 4 mg / kg; manganese 3~6×10 4 mg / kg, zinc 3~9×10 4 mg / kg, selenium 160-500mg.

[0031] Saccharide terpenoids are prepared by the following method:

[0032] (1) grinding tea seed meal through a 60-mesh sieve, adding 15 times by weight of ethanol, heating to 90° C. and reflux leaching for 3 h to obtain an extract;

[0033] (2) centrifuging the extract at 4000 r / min for 15 min, taking the supernatant, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrate;

[0034] (3) The concentrated solution is extracted twice with an equal volume of petroleum ether, and then the petroleum ether is discharged to obtain a residual phase; an equal volume of n-butanol is added to the residual phase, extracted twice, the n-butanol extraction phases are combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, the n-butanol is discharged, and dried to obtain saccharide terpenoids.

[0035] Epimedium extract is prepared by the following method:

[0036] The whole plant of Epimedium is crushed, and extracted with supercritical CO2 at an extraction temperature of 37°C, an extraction pressure of 28MPa, and an extraction time of 2.5h, and the extract is collected; the extract is freeze-dried to obtain the Epimedium extract.

[0037] Example 1: Preparation of feed additive.

[0038] The saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium gluconate and trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 50:15:30:20 to obtain a feed additive.

[0039] Example 2: Preparation of feed additive.

[0040] The saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium formate and trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 15:5:30:20 to obtain a feed additive.

[0041] Example 3 Preparation of feed additives.

[0042] The saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium propionate and trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 50:15:45:40 to obtain a feed additive.

[0043] Comparative Example 1:

[0044] The epimedium extract and the trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 15:20 to obtain a feed additive.

[0045] Comparative Example 2:

[0046] The saccharide terpenoids and the trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 50:20 to obtain a feed additive.

[0047] Comparative Example 3:

[0048] The calcium gluconate and the trace elements are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 30:20 to obtain a feed additive.

[0049] Test example: Effects of feed additives on egg production in commercial laying hens.

[0050] (1) Test method

[0051] The experiment was conducted in a laying hen farm in Dezhou, Shandong. Laying hens of 420 days old and similar size were divided into a blank control group, an experimental group, and control groups 1-3, with 6,000 hens in each group. The specific grouping method is as follows:

[0052] Experimental group: fed with ordinary feed, to which the feed additive prepared in Example 1 was added, with the addition amount being 1 kg per ton of feed;

[0053] Control group 1: fed with ordinary feed, to which the feed additive prepared in comparative example 1 was added, with the addition amount being 1 kg per ton of feed;

[0054] Control group 2: fed with ordinary feed, to which the feed additive prepared in comparative example 2 was added, with the addition amount being 1 kg per ton of feed;

[0055] Control group 3: fed with ordinary feed, to which the feed additive prepared in comparative example 3 was added, with the addition amount being 1 kg per ton of feed;

[0056] Control group 4: fed with ordinary feed, with trace elements added to the ordinary feed at a rate of 1 kg per ton of feed.

[0057] The common feed is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70.0% corn, 9.70% wheat bran, 12.0% soybean cake, 1.2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1.20% stone powder, 0.80% salt, 2.6% flour, and 2.5% peanut cake.

[0058] The mice were free to eat during the experiment, which lasted for seven days. After the experiment, eggs were collected and the number of eggs laid and the egg breakage rate were counted.

[0059] Eggs with obvious damage or cracks on the eggshell, as well as deformed eggs are recorded as broken eggs, while eggs without the above-mentioned broken eggs are qualified eggs.

[0060] Egg breaking rate = (number of eggs laid - number of qualified eggs) / number of eggs laid

[0061] (2) Test results

[0062] Table: Egg production and egg breakage rate of laying hens

[0063] Grouping Egg production Number of qualified eggs Egg breaking rate, % Experimental Group 35880 35280 1.7 Control group 1 32038 31141 2.8 Control group 2 31704 30753 3.0 Control group 3 31538 30560 3.1 Control group 4 31290 30194 3.5

[0064] From the data in the above table, it can be seen that adding the feed additive provided by the present invention to the feed can increase the number of eggs laid by laying hens and reduce the egg breakage rate. And by comparing the data of each group, it can be seen that the saccharoterpenoids, calcium gluconate and epimedium extract in the feed additives play a synergistic role in increasing the number of eggs laid and reducing the egg breakage rate.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the implementation and application of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made in the implementation and application within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for improving the quality of laying hens' eggs, characterized in that: The invention comprises saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium and trace elements in a weight ratio of (15-50): (5-15): (30-45): (20-40); The calcium includes one or more of calcium gluconate, calcium formate and calcium propionate; The trace elements include copper, iron, manganese, zinc and selenium.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention is composed of saccharide terpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium gluconate and trace elements in a weight ratio of 50:15:30:

20.

3. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The saccharide terpenoid is prepared by the following method: (1) grinding tea seed meal through a 60-mesh sieve, adding 15-20 times by weight of ethanol, heating to 90-100° C., and reflux leaching for 3-4 hours to obtain an extract; (2) centrifuging the extract at 4000-4500 r / min for 8-15 min, taking the supernatant, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrate; (3) extracting the concentrate with an equal volume of petroleum ether for 2-3 times, then draining the petroleum ether to obtain a residual phase; adding an equal volume of n-butanol to the residual phase, extracting for 2-3 times, combining the n-butanol extraction phases, concentrating under reduced pressure, draining the n-butanol, and drying to obtain saccharide terpenoids.

4. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The epimedium extract is prepared by the following method: The whole plant of Epimedium is crushed, and extracted with supercritical CO2 at an extraction temperature of 37°C, an extraction pressure of 28MPa, and an extraction time of 2.5h, and the extract is collected; the extract is freeze-dried to obtain the Epimedium extract.

5. The method for preparing the feed additive according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The saccharoterpenoids, epimedium extract, calcium and trace elements are mixed according to weight percentage.

6. Use of the feed additive according to claim 1 in increasing the number of eggs produced by laying hens and reducing the egg breakage rate.

7. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The application method is: adding the additive according to claim 1 to laying hen feed, with the added amount being 1-1.5 kg per ton of laying hen feed.