Heavy metal sewage treatment technology and pilot plant test equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal sewage treatment, particularly relates to a heavy metal sewage treatment technology and pilot plant test equipment, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that a large amount of sludge is generated in the treatment process of an existing device to cause other pollution and the existing device is not suitable for a small pilot plant test. Comprising a working box, a sand setting cavity, a first-stage adsorption cavity, a second-stage adsorption cavity and a discharge cavity, and sewage can be settled and filtered through the sand setting cavity; heavy metal adsorption treatment is carried out through an annular adsorption net assembly in a first-stage adsorption cavity, and sewage is stirred in cooperation with a stirring end of a sewage stirring assembly so as to accelerate the reaction rate of an adsorption material and the sewage; secondary adsorption treatment is carried out on the sewage through an adsorption gel material filled in the conical adsorption screen frame; meanwhile, the adsorption effect of the adsorption material under different water quantities can be analyzed, and the purposes of small consumption of the adsorption material and good water quality treatment effect can be achieved, so that the treatment time is shortened, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a heavy metal sewage treatment technology and pilot equipment, belonging to the technical field of heavy metal sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metal wastewater refers to wastewater containing heavy metals discharged from industrial production processes such as mining, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, electronics, and instrumentation. It contains elements such as arsenic, cadmium, manganese, lead, nickel, mercury, copper, and zinc. Because heavy metal ions are highly toxic and cannot be degraded, they are directly discharged into the environment and absorbed by crops, animals and plants such as fish and shrimp, and eventually enter the human body through the food chain, damaging important organs and cell metabolic systems of the human body. In mild cases, it can cause Minamata disease, multiple neuritis, hyperthyroidism, and in severe cases, it can cause cancer and death.

[0003] In order to efficiently remove heavy metal ions, many treatment processes and devices have been developed successively. In the prior art, there is a heavy metal wastewater treatment equipment disclosed in the announcement number CN209411940U, which includes a tank body, a first partition wall and a second partition wall arranged side by side in the tank body, a sedimentation tank, a filtration tank and an adsorption tank divided by the first partition wall and the second partition wall, a first water inlet is arranged on the first partition wall, a second water inlet is arranged on the second partition wall, a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate arranged side by side and blocked at the top of the sedimentation tank are arranged in the sedimentation tank, an adsorbent is blocked between the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, a sand bag is arranged in the filtration tank, and a coal ash bag is arranged in the adsorption tank. The heavy metal wastewater treatment equipment allows the wastewater to be treated successively through the sedimentation tank, the filtration tank and the adsorption tank to achieve the purpose of heavy metal removal. At present, the main methods for removing heavy metal ions include chemical precipitation, electrolysis, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, membrane separation, etc. However, these methods all have shortcomings. For example, chemical precipitation and electrolysis are not suitable for treating low-concentration heavy metal ion wastewater, and it is difficult to control the heavy metal ion concentration within the wastewater discharge standard. In addition, a large amount of sludge will be generated during the treatment process, causing other pollution. In addition, the electrolysis method consumes a lot of electricity and has a high cost for treating wastewater. The ion exchange method and membrane separation method have good treatment effects, but are greatly affected by factors such as impurities in the water and the treatment environment, and the subsequent maintenance costs are high. The adsorption method has gradually gained attention in the field of heavy metal ion removal / recovery applications because of its advantages such as a wide source of required raw materials, large adsorption capacity, high selectivity, and convenient regeneration. According to the different material compositions, heavy metal ion adsorption materials can be divided into three categories: inorganic adsorption materials, polymer adsorption materials, and composite adsorption materials. Although inorganic adsorption materials have a large specific surface area and excellent adsorption properties after modification, their high preparation and regeneration costs limit their application in the field of heavy metal ion adsorption. Although the polymer adsorption material lignin has the advantages of abundant sources, large reserves, biodegradability and no pollution, almost all types of lignin have typical polydispersity and structural heterogeneity, which can easily cause secondary pollution of water bodies and reduce the adsorption effect. In addition, the current sewage treatment equipment mainly includes adjustment chambers, hydrolysis and acidification chambers, aerobic chambers, aeration chambers, sedimentation chambers, adsorption chambers, disinfection chambers, sludge concentration chambers, etc., which are suitable for large-scale sewage treatment. For small pilot tests, the equipment has problems such as complex structure, high production cost, many fillers, and large water intake. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot equipment to solve the problems that a large amount of sludge will be generated during the treatment process of the existing device, causing other pollution and the existing device is not suitable for small-scale pilot tests.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical scheme: A heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot equipment, including a working box, a sand settling chamber, a primary adsorption chamber, a secondary adsorption chamber and a discharge chamber, the sand settling chamber, the primary adsorption chamber and the secondary adsorption chamber are all arranged in the working box, the discharge chamber is arranged outside the working box, and the sand settling chamber, the primary adsorption chamber, the secondary adsorption chamber and the discharge chamber are connected through a pipeline; One side of the bottom end of the sand settling chamber is connected to a sewage inlet pipe, a filter assembly is movably connected in the sand settling chamber, and the installation position of the filter assembly is higher than the installation position of the sewage inlet pipe; A sand settling sewage conveying pipe is connected between the first-level adsorption chamber and the upper end of the sand settling chamber. An annular adsorption net assembly is movably connected in the first-level adsorption chamber. The annular adsorption net assembly is filled with adsorption gel material. A sewage stirring assembly is arranged in the first-level adsorption chamber. The stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly is arranged on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly. A primary adsorption delivery pipe is connected between the upper ends of the primary adsorption chamber and the secondary adsorption chamber, a flow guide pipe is connected between the lower ends of the primary adsorption chamber and the secondary adsorption chamber, a conical adsorption net frame is movably connected in the cavity of the secondary adsorption chamber, the conical adsorption net frame is filled with adsorption gel material, and the conical adsorption net frame is closely attached to the inner wall of the cavity of the secondary adsorption chamber; The adsorption gel material uses sodium lignin sulfonate and organic montmorillonite as raw materials, potassium persulfate as initiator, N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent, acrylic acid and acrylamide are grafted onto sodium lignin sulfonate by free radical polymerization, and then the organic montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in the sodium lignin sulfonate polymer matrix in an intercalation composite manner to prepare a lignin-based composite hydrogel adsorption material.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: an electrical control cabinet is installed on the wall of the working box, and the electrical control cabinet is connected with various electrical components of the equipment for signal transmission.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a first solenoid valve is installed on the pipe body of the sewage inlet pipe, a second solenoid valve is installed on the pipe body of the diversion pipe, a secondary adsorption delivery pipe is connected between the secondary adsorption chamber and the discharge chamber, a third solenoid valve is installed on the pipe body of the secondary adsorption delivery pipe, and the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are all connected to the electrical control cabinet for signal transmission.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the filter assembly connected in the sand settling chamber includes a C-shaped card strip, a folded frame and a filter screen, the C-shaped card strip is symmetrically fixedly connected to the two side walls of the sand settling chamber, the folded frame is symmetrically arranged, the filter screen is connected to the inner side edges of the two folded frames, and the outer side edge of the folded frame is clamped in the C-shaped card strip; The opposite ends of the two folding frames are rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is connected to the upper end surfaces of the opposite ends of the folding frames, and a pull ring is also connected to the frame body of the butt joint of the two folding frames; a positioning rod is movably inserted in the frame body of the butt joint of the two folding frames, one end of the positioning rod is convex, and the inner ends of the two positioning rods are butt jointed together, and positioning slots are provided at both ends of the C-shaped card strip; a sand settling chamber top cover is movably clamped at the upper end opening of the sand settling chamber.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: a spiral sand discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the sand settling chamber, a sand guide pipe is connected between the bottom end of the sand settling chamber and the spiral sand discharge pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is installed on the tube body of the sand guide pipe, one end of the spiral sand discharge pipe located outside the working box is connected to a sand discharge motor, and the rotating shaft of the sand discharge motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the spiral rotating rod in the spiral sand discharge pipe, and a sand discharge hole is opened on the tube body of the spiral sand discharge pipe located outside the working box.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present invention: a plurality of annular adsorption net assemblies are arranged in an upper and lower distribution in the first-level adsorption chamber, the annular adsorption net assembly comprises an annular adsorption net frame and an annular adsorption net cover, the annular adsorption net cover is movably clamped at the upper opening of the annular adsorption net frame, the outer edge of the annular adsorption net cover is connected with an upper docking plate, the outer edge of the annular adsorption net frame is connected with a lower docking rod, and the upper docking plate and the lower docking rod are both distributed in a cross shape, the inner wall of the first-level adsorption chamber is connected with a C-shaped positioning socket, and the C-shaped positioning socket is distributed in a cross shape; the lower plate surface of the upper docking plate is integrally connected with a limiting block, the upper end rod body of the lower docking rod is provided with a limiting slot, and the limiting block is clamped in the limiting slot; the upper plate surface of the upper docking plate is provided with a positioning slot, the upper end surface of the inner cavity of the C-shaped positioning socket is integrally connected with a positioning protrusion, and the positioning protrusion is clamped in the positioning slot.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a first-stage adsorption chamber top cover is movably mounted at the upper opening of the first-stage adsorption chamber, a stirring through hole and a sampling slot are provided on the cover of the first-stage chamber top cover, the stirring through hole is located at the center of the first-stage chamber top cover, and the sampling slot is located at one side of the stirring through hole; A lifting pump is arranged in the first-stage adsorption chamber, and the lifting pump is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first-stage adsorption chamber. The liquid outlet end of the lifting pump is connected with the first-stage adsorption delivery pipe through a pipeline.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the inner wall of the secondary adsorption chamber is fixedly connected with a beveled clamping strip, and the outer edge of the conical adsorption net frame is clamped on the beveled clamping strip; the secondary adsorption chamber top cover is movably clamped at the upper end opening of the secondary adsorption chamber, and a diversion water pump is also arranged in the secondary adsorption chamber, and the liquid outlet end of the diversion water pump is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the sewage stirring assembly includes a variable frequency stirring motor, a stirring rod and stirring blades, the rotating shaft of the variable frequency stirring motor is fixedly connected to the stirring rod coaxially, the stirring rod is located in the primary adsorption chamber, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the rod body of the stirring rod, and the stirring blades are all arranged on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly; a hollow groove is opened on the stirring blade, and a plurality of stirring tines are connected to the groove walls on both sides of the hollow groove, and the relative stirring tines are staggered and arranged in sequence.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the body of the variable frequency stirring motor is fixedly connected with a support plate, both ends of the support plate are connected with lifting push rods, the bottom ends of the lifting push rods are fixedly connected to the top of the working box, and the lifting push rods are respectively located on both sides of the first-level adsorption chamber.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention is provided with a working box, a grit chamber, a primary adsorption chamber, a secondary adsorption chamber and a discharge chamber. The heavy metal sewage can be input into the grit chamber through a pipeline. Since the grit chamber, the primary adsorption chamber and the secondary adsorption chamber are connected in sequence through the pipeline, when the grit chamber is filled with sewage, the sewage after the grit treatment flows into the primary adsorption chamber, and the sewage after the primary adsorption treatment in the primary adsorption chamber can be transported to the secondary adsorption chamber again, and the sewage after the secondary adsorption treatment is discharged into the discharge chamber, thus completing the complete treatment process of the heavy metal sewage; 2. The bottom end of the sand settling chamber provided in the present invention is connected to a sewage inlet pipe, and a filter assembly is movably connected in the sand settling chamber. When heavy metal sewage is input into the sand settling chamber, it is input from the bottom end of the sand settling chamber, so that solid impurities in the sewage are precipitated. When sewage is continuously input into the sand settling chamber, the sewage is filtered through the filter assembly, that is, the sewage can be discharged after precipitation and filtration; 3. The first-level adsorption chamber provided in the present invention is movably connected with an annular adsorption net assembly, and a sewage stirring assembly is provided in the first-level adsorption chamber. After the sand settling chamber is filled with sewage, the sewage that has been precipitated and filtered can be automatically transported to the first-level adsorption chamber through the sand settling sewage conveying pipe, and the sewage in the first-level adsorption chamber can be subjected to heavy metal adsorption treatment through the adsorption gel material filled in the annular adsorption net assembly, and the sewage can be stirred with the stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly to accelerate the reaction rate between the adsorption material and the sewage; 4. The secondary adsorption chamber provided in the present invention is movably connected with a conical adsorption net frame, and the conical adsorption net frame is filled with adsorption gel material, and the sewage in the primary adsorption chamber that has undergone primary adsorption can be transported to the secondary adsorption chamber through the primary adsorption delivery pipe, and then the sewage can be subjected to secondary adsorption treatment through the adsorption gel material filled in the conical adsorption net frame; 5. The present invention can redirect the sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber to the primary adsorption chamber through the diversion pipe, that is, it can realize the cyclic adsorption of sewage, and can also control the amount of sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber, which is convenient for verifying the effect of the adsorption material on treating actual sewage using a small amount of adsorption material and sewage in the early stage of pilot testing; at the same time, it can analyze the adsorption effect of the adsorption material under different water volumes, and can achieve the purpose of small amount of adsorption material and good water quality treatment effect, thereby shortening the processing time and saving costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of each cavity of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sand settling chamber of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the folded frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the C-type clip structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first-level adsorption chamber of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the C-type positioning card holder of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular adsorption net assembly of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a C-shaped positioning card holder of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the secondary adsorption chamber of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conical adsorption frame of the present invention; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sewage stirring assembly of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring blade of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1, working box, 11, electrical control cabinet, 2, sand settling chamber, 21, sand settling chamber top cover, 22, sewage inlet pipe, 23, first solenoid valve, 24, spiral sand discharge pipe, 25, sand discharge motor, 26, sand settling sewage delivery pipe, 27, C-type card strip, 28, folding frame, 29, filter screen, 210, positioning rod, 211, connecting shaft, 212, pull ring, 213, positioning slot, 214, sand guide pipe, 215, fourth solenoid valve, 216, sand discharge hole, 3, first adsorption chamber, 31, first chamber top cover, 32, stirring perforation, 33, sampling tank, 34, first adsorption delivery pipe, 35, guide pipe, 36, second Solenoid valve, 37, annular adsorption mesh frame, 38, annular adsorption mesh cover, 39, C-type positioning card seat, 310, upper docking plate, 311, limit card block, 312, lower docking rod, 313, limit card slot, 314, positioning card slot, 315, positioning protrusion, 316, lifting pump, 4, secondary adsorption chamber, 41, secondary chamber top cover, 42, secondary adsorption delivery pipe, 43, third solenoid valve, 44, conical adsorption mesh frame, 45, bevel card strip, 46, diversion water pump, 5, discharge chamber, 6, lifting push rod, 7, support plate, 8, variable frequency stirring motor, 81, stirring rotating rod, 82, stirring blade, 83, hollow groove, 84, stirring sharp teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig.12 As shown, a heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot equipment include a working box 1, a grit chamber 2, a primary adsorption chamber 3, a secondary adsorption chamber 4 and a discharge chamber 5. The grit chamber 2, the primary adsorption chamber 3 and the secondary adsorption chamber 4 are all arranged in the working box 1, and the discharge chamber 5 is arranged outside the working box 1. The grit chamber 2, the primary adsorption chamber 3, the secondary adsorption chamber 4 and the discharge chamber 5 are connected through a pipeline. The heavy metal wastewater can be input into the grit chamber 2 through the pipeline. Since the grit chamber 2, the primary adsorption chamber 3 and the secondary adsorption chamber 4 are connected in sequence through the pipeline, when the grit chamber 2 is filled with wastewater, the wastewater after the grit treatment flows into the primary adsorption chamber 3, and the wastewater after the primary adsorption treatment in the primary adsorption chamber 3 can be transported to the secondary adsorption chamber 4 again, and the wastewater after the secondary adsorption treatment is discharged into the discharge chamber 5, that is, the complete treatment process of the heavy metal wastewater is completed; One side of the bottom end of the sand settling chamber 2 is connected to a sewage inlet pipe 22, and a filter assembly is movably connected in the sand settling chamber 2, and the installation position of the filter assembly is higher than the installation position of the sewage inlet pipe 22, so that when heavy metal sewage is input into the sand settling chamber 2, it is input from the bottom end of the sand settling chamber 2, so that solid impurities in the sewage can be precipitated, and when sewage is continuously input into the sand settling chamber 2, the sewage will be filtered by the filter assembly, that is, the sewage can be precipitated and filtered before being output; A sand settling sewage conveying pipe 26 is connected between the primary adsorption chamber 3 and the upper end of the sand settling chamber 2. An annular adsorption net assembly is movably connected in the cavity of the primary adsorption chamber 3. The annular adsorption net assembly is filled with adsorption gel material. A sewage stirring assembly is arranged in the primary adsorption chamber 3. The stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly is penetrated on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly. After the sand settling chamber 2 is filled with sewage, the sewage that has been precipitated and filtered can be automatically conveyed to the primary adsorption chamber 3 through the sand settling sewage conveying pipe 26. The sewage in the primary adsorption chamber 3 can be subjected to heavy metal adsorption treatment through the adsorption gel material filled in the annular adsorption net assembly, and the sewage can be stirred in cooperation with the stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly to accelerate the reaction rate between the adsorption material and the sewage. A primary adsorption delivery pipe 34 is connected between the upper ends of the primary adsorption chamber 3 and the secondary adsorption chamber 4, and a flow guide pipe 35 is connected between the lower ends of the primary adsorption chamber 3 and the secondary adsorption chamber 4. A conical adsorption net frame 44 is movably connected in the cavity of the secondary adsorption chamber 4, and the conical adsorption net frame 44 is filled with adsorption gel material, and the conical adsorption net frame 44 is closely attached to the inner wall of the cavity of the secondary adsorption chamber 4. The sewage in the primary adsorption chamber 3 that has undergone primary adsorption can be transported to the secondary adsorption chamber 4 through the primary adsorption delivery pipe 34, and then the sewage can be subjected to secondary adsorption treatment through the adsorption gel material filled in the conical adsorption net frame 44, and the sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 can be redirected to the primary adsorption chamber 3 through the provided flow guide pipe 35, that is, the cyclic adsorption of sewage can be realized, and the amount of sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 can also be controlled, so as to facilitate the use of a small amount of adsorption material and sewage in the early stage of the pilot test to verify the effect of the adsorption material on the actual sewage treatment; at the same time, the adsorption effect of the adsorption material under different water volumes can be analyzed, so as to achieve the purpose of small amount of adsorption material and good water quality treatment effect, thereby shortening the treatment time and saving costs; The adsorption gel material uses sodium lignin sulfonate and organic montmorillonite as raw materials, potassium persulfate as an initiator, and N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent. Acrylic acid and acrylamide are grafted onto the sodium lignin sulfonate by a free radical polymerization method, and then the organic montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in the sodium lignin sulfonate polymer matrix in an intercalation composite manner to prepare a lignin-based composite hydrogel adsorption material. Utilizing the synergistic effect between the materials, the organic bentonite and the sodium lignin sulfonate high molecular polymer containing rich active functional groups are grafted and intercalated to prepare a composite hydrogel material with high adsorption performance.

[0020] The preparation of the adsorption gel material comprises the following steps: Preparation of organic montmorillonite Weigh 3g of sodium lignin sulfonate (LS) and add it to 500mL of deionized water, stir and add 1g of CaCl2, stir for 10min, adjust the pH with 3mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid, and then add 2g of montmorillonite. React at 70℃ for 48h, centrifuge and filter several times, and finally dry in a 70℃ oven for 24h.

[0021] Preparation of lignin-based composite hydrogel materials Under ice bath conditions, 5 mL of acrylic acid (AA) was slowly dripped into the sodium hydroxide solution. After the solution cooled to room temperature, acrylamide (AM) and sodium lignin sulfonate (LS) were dispersed in 20 mL of distilled water and magnetically stirred for 15 min. Then 0.03 g of OMMT was weighed and added to another beaker, and water was added to 15 mL. The solution was transferred to an ultrasonic processor for 15 min, poured into the above 20 mL of distilled water, and crosslinking agent N, N´-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added and stirred for 5 min. The mixture was sealed and placed in a 60°C thermostat for polymerization for 2 h. The product obtained by the reaction was cut into small pieces and soaked in distilled water for 1 day. The distilled water was changed every 8 hours (to remove any unreacted monomers and excess reagents), and it was placed in a refrigerator for freezing, and then transferred to a freeze dryer and dried at -60°C to constant weight.

[0022] Embodiment 2 Improvements based on Example 1: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an electrical control cabinet 11 is installed on the wall of the working box 1, and the electrical control cabinet 11 is connected to the electrical components of the equipment by signal transmission, so that the equipment can be automatically controlled through the electrical control cabinet 11. It should be noted that a fan can also be installed on the wall of the working box 1, and the sand settling chamber 2, the first-level adsorption chamber 3 and the second-level adsorption chamber 4 in the working box 1 can be equipped with a liquid level control line device, and the fan and the liquid level control line device are connected to the electrical control cabinet 11 by signal transmission. The fan can drive the gas in the working box 1 to flow, so as to achieve a certain cooling effect in the sewage treatment process, and the set liquid level control line device can control the water level in each chamber, thereby realizing the automatic treatment of sewage in each chamber.

[0023] Furthermore, a first solenoid valve 23 is installed on the pipe body of the sewage inlet pipe 22, a second solenoid valve 36 is installed on the pipe body of the guide pipe 35, a secondary adsorption delivery pipe 42 is connected between the secondary adsorption chamber 4 and the discharge chamber 5, a third solenoid valve 43 is installed on the pipe body of the secondary adsorption delivery pipe 42, and the first solenoid valve 23, the second solenoid valve 36 and the third solenoid valve 43 are all connected to the electrical control cabinet 11 for signal transmission, and the opening and closing of each solenoid valve can be controlled separately by the electrical control cabinet 11, thereby realizing the control of the opening and closing of each pipeline and the control of the transportation of sewage, that is, it can ensure that the sewage is fully treated in each chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the filter assembly connected to the sand settling chamber 2 includes a C-shaped clip 27, a folded frame 28 and a filter screen 29. The C-shaped clip 27 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the two side walls of the sand settling chamber 2, the folded frame 28 is symmetrically arranged, the filter screen 29 is connected to the inner side edges of the two folded frames 28, and the outer side edges of the folded frames 28 are clamped in the C-shaped clip 27. The C-shaped clip 27 can clamp the folded frame 28 so that the filter assembly can be fixedly connected to the sand settling chamber 2 in a horizontal state, thereby realizing the filtration treatment of sewage; Furthermore, the opposite ends of the two folding frames 28 are rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 211, and the connecting shaft 211 is connected to the upper end surface of the opposite ends of the folding frames 28. The two folding frames 28 are also connected to the docking frame body with a pull ring 212, which can be used to bend the two folding frames 28 downward under the action of the connecting shaft 211, so that the folding frames 28 can be placed in the sand settling chamber 2. After the outer edge of the folding frame 28 is aligned with the C-shaped card strip 27, the two bent folding frames 28 can be pulled by the pull ring 212. When the two folding frames 28 are in a horizontal state, the outer side of the folding frame 28 can be clamped in the C-shaped clamping strip 27 to realize the quick installation of the folding frame 28. When disassembling, the two folding frames 28 only need to be bent downward again. Since the connecting shaft 211 is connected to the upper end surface of the opposite end of the folding frame 28, the two folding frames 28 cannot be bent upward. When the sewage flows from bottom to top, the water flow can push the two folding frames 28 to always maintain a horizontal state, so as to ensure the firmness of the connection position, that is, it can play a better filtering role. Furthermore, a positioning rod 210 is movably inserted in the frame body of the butt joint frame of the two folding frames 28, one end of the positioning rod 210 is convex, and the inner ends of the two positioning rods 210 are butt jointed together, and positioning slots 213 are provided at both ends of the C-shaped clamping strip 27. When the two folding frames 28 are pulled from the bent state to the horizontal state, the outer ends of the positioning rod 210 can be pushed outward, and then the outer ends of the positioning rod 210 can be clamped in the positioning slot 213, so as to further fix the connection between the folding frame 28 and the C-shaped clamping strip 27; Furthermore, a sand settling chamber top cover 21 is movably mounted at the upper opening of the sand settling chamber 2, so that the upper end of the sand settling chamber 2 can be opened conveniently, and the filter screen 29 can be taken out for cleaning.

[0025] Furthermore, a spiral sand discharge pipe 24 is provided at the bottom end of the sand settling chamber 2, a sand guide pipe 214 is connected between the bottom end of the sand settling chamber 2 and the spiral sand discharge pipe 24, and a fourth solenoid valve 215 is installed on the tube body of the sand guide pipe 214, one end of the spiral sand discharge pipe 24 located outside the working box 1 is connected to a sand discharge motor 25, and the rotating shaft of the sand discharge motor 25 is coaxially fixedly connected with the spiral rotating rod in the spiral sand discharge pipe 24, and a sand discharge hole 216 is provided on the tube body of the spiral sand discharge pipe 24 located outside the working box 1. After the sewage is sanded in the sand settling chamber 2, the fourth solenoid valve 215 can be opened to allow the sand to enter the spiral sand discharge pipe 24 through the sand guide pipe 214. Therefore, the spiral rotating rod in the spiral sand discharge pipe 24 can be driven to rotate by the sand discharge motor 25 to discharge the sand.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the annular adsorption net assembly arranged in the primary adsorption chamber 3 is arranged in a plurality of upper and lower distributions, and the annular adsorption net assembly includes an annular adsorption net frame 37 and an annular adsorption net cover 38, and the annular adsorption net cover 38 is movably clamped at the upper end opening of the annular adsorption net frame 37, and the outer edge of the annular adsorption net cover 38 is connected to an upper docking plate 310, and the outer edge of the annular adsorption net frame 37 is connected to a lower docking rod 312, and the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 are both distributed in a cross shape, and the inner wall of the primary adsorption chamber 3 is connected to a C-shaped The positioning card seat 39 is arranged in a cross shape, and the adsorption gel material can be loaded into the annular adsorption net frame 37, and the annular adsorption net cover 38 is covered, that is, the adsorption gel material can be prevented from falling from the net frame, and the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 can be aligned and placed in the C-shaped positioning card seat 39, that is, the annular adsorption net assembly is fixedly connected, and multiple annular adsorption net assemblies are arranged in the primary adsorption chamber 3 to further improve the adsorption efficiency of heavy metals in sewage; Furthermore, the lower plate surface of the upper docking plate 310 is integrally connected with the limiting block 311, and the upper end of the rod body of the lower docking rod 312 is provided with a limiting slot 313, and the limiting block 311 is clamped in the limiting slot 313. When the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 are aligned and placed, the limiting clamping effect of the limiting block 311 and the limiting slot 313 can make the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 firmly docked together when the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 are clamped in the C-shaped positioning seat 39, and they will not rotate relative to each other. Furthermore, a positioning slot 314 is provided on the upper plate surface of the upper docking plate 310, and a positioning protrusion 315 is integrally connected to the upper end surface of the inner cavity of the C-shaped positioning socket 39, and the positioning protrusion 315 is inserted into the positioning slot 314, which can ensure that when the upper docking plate 310 and the lower docking rod 312 are inserted into the C-shaped positioning socket 39, they are fixed by the positioning protrusion 315 and the positioning slot 314, so that the connection part is more secure.

[0027] Furthermore, a first-stage chamber top cover 31 is movably mounted at the upper opening of the first-stage adsorption chamber 3, and a stirring through hole 32 and a sampling slot 33 are provided on the cover of the first-stage chamber top cover 31. The stirring through hole 32 is located at the center of the first-stage chamber top cover 31, and the sampling slot 33 is located on one side of the stirring through hole 32. The upper end of the first-stage adsorption chamber 3 can be opened conveniently through the movably arranged first-stage chamber top cover 31, so as to facilitate the replacement of the annular adsorption net assembly. At the same time, the stirring through hole 32 can facilitate the passage of the stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly, and the sampling slot 33 is convenient for sewage sampling. Furthermore, a lifting pump 316 is provided in the first-level adsorption chamber 3. The lifting pump 316 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first-level adsorption chamber 3. The liquid outlet end of the lifting pump 316 is connected with the first-level adsorption delivery pipe 34 through a pipeline. The sewage in the first-level adsorption chamber 3 can be pumped out by the lifting pump 316, and then the sewage is transported to the second-level adsorption chamber 4 through the first-level adsorption delivery pipe 34, so that the sewage can be further adsorbed and treated.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the inner wall of the secondary adsorption chamber 4 is fixedly connected with a beveled clamping strip 45, and the outer edge of the conical adsorption net frame 44 is clamped on the beveled clamping strip 45. By utilizing the inclined surface of the conical adsorption net frame 44 to cooperate with the beveled clamping strip 45, it is ensured that when the conical adsorption net frame 44 is lowered from the top, the conical adsorption net frame 44 can be fixedly connected in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 in a suspended state. Since the sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 is transported from the upper end, the conical adsorption net frame 44 can be more tightly connected with the beveled clamping strip 45 under the action of the water flow. Moreover, since the structure of the conical adsorption net frame 44 is in an inverted cone shape, when the sewage contacts the adsorption and condensation material in the conical adsorption net frame 44, the sewage will be concentrated at the tip and then discharged, that is, the sewage can be in contact with the adsorption and condensation material for a longer time, so as to achieve a better adsorption effect. Furthermore, a secondary chamber top cover 41 is movably inserted at the upper opening of the secondary adsorption chamber 4, and a diversion water pump 46 is also arranged in the secondary adsorption chamber 4, and the liquid outlet end of the diversion water pump 46 is connected with the diversion pipe 35. The upper end of the secondary adsorption chamber 4 can be opened conveniently through the movably arranged secondary chamber top cover 41, so as to facilitate the removal and replacement of the conical adsorption net frame 44. At the same time, the diversion water pump 46 can divert the sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 to the primary adsorption chamber 3 to realize the circulating adsorption treatment of the sewage.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the sewage stirring assembly includes a variable frequency stirring motor 8, a stirring rod 81 and a stirring blade 82. The rotating shaft of the variable frequency stirring motor 8 is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 81 coaxially. The stirring rod 81 is located in the primary adsorption chamber 3. A plurality of stirring blades 82 are fixedly connected to the rod body of the stirring rod 81. The stirring blades 82 are all arranged on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly. The stirring rod 81 can be driven by the variable frequency stirring motor 8 to rotate, so that the stirring blades 82 can move the sewage in the cavity on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly, so that the sewage can be stirred in the primary adsorption chamber 3, so as to improve the adsorption efficiency of heavy metals in the sewage. Furthermore, a hollow groove 83 is provided on the stirring blade 82, and a number of stirring sharp teeth 84 are connected to the groove walls on both sides of the hollow groove 83. The stirring sharp teeth 84 are arranged in sequence in a staggered manner relative to each other. When the stirring blade 82 stirs the sewage, part of the sewage will pass through the hollow groove 83, which can reduce the resistance encountered by the stirring blade 82 during stirring. Secondly, the stirring sharp teeth 84 can break up the sewage, that is, some fine particles in the sewage can be further crushed, so as to facilitate the adsorption of heavy metals in the sewage by the adsorption flocculation material.

[0030] Furthermore, the body of the variable frequency stirring motor 8 is fixedly connected to a support plate 7, both ends of the support plate 7 are connected to lifting push rods 6, the bottom ends of the lifting push rods 6 are fixedly connected to the top of the working box 1, and the lifting push rods 6 are respectively located on both sides of the primary adsorption chamber 3. The support plate 7 can be moved up and down by the action of the lifting push rods 6, thereby driving the variable frequency stirring motor 8 to adjust its height, and the speed of the variable frequency stirring motor 8 is adjustable, that is, the sewage in the primary adsorption chamber 3 can be stirred at different heights and different speeds.

[0031] Working principle: when the sand settling chamber 2 is filled with sewage, heavy metal sewage is input from the bottom of the sand settling chamber 2, which is conducive to the precipitation of solid impurities in the sewage, and when sewage is continuously input into the sand settling chamber 2, the sewage will be filtered through the filtering component, that is, the sewage can be precipitated and filtered before being output. The sewage after sand settling treatment flows into the primary adsorption chamber 3. The sewage in the primary adsorption chamber 3 can be treated with heavy metal adsorption by the adsorption gel material filled in the annular adsorption net component, and the sewage can be stirred with the stirring end of the sewage stirring component to accelerate the reaction rate of the adsorption material and the sewage. The sewage after the primary adsorption treatment in the primary adsorption chamber 3 can be transported to the secondary adsorption chamber again. 4, the sewage is subjected to secondary adsorption treatment by the adsorption gel material filled in the conical adsorption net frame 44, and the sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 can be redirected to the primary adsorption chamber 3 through the provided guide pipe 35, that is, the cyclic adsorption of the sewage can be realized, and the amount of sewage in the secondary adsorption chamber 4 can also be controlled, so that it is convenient to use a small amount of adsorption material and sewage in the early stage of the pilot test to verify the effect of the adsorption material on the actual sewage; at the same time, the adsorption effect of the adsorption material under different water volumes can be analyzed, and the purpose of small amount of adsorption material and good water quality treatment effect can be achieved, thereby shortening the treatment time and saving costs. The sewage after the secondary adsorption treatment is discharged into the discharge chamber 5, that is, the complete treatment process of the heavy metal sewage is completed.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0033] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant equipment, comprising a working box (1), a sand settling chamber (2), a primary adsorption chamber (3), a secondary adsorption chamber (4) and a discharge chamber (5), characterized in that: The sand settling chamber (2), the primary adsorption chamber (3) and the secondary adsorption chamber (4) are all arranged in the working box (1), the discharge chamber (5) is arranged outside the working box (1), and the sand settling chamber (2), the primary adsorption chamber (3), the secondary adsorption chamber (4) and the discharge chamber (5) are connected through a pipeline; One side of the bottom end of the sand settling chamber (2) is connected to a sewage inlet pipe (22), a filter assembly is movably connected inside the sand settling chamber (2), and the installation position of the filter assembly is higher than the installation position of the sewage inlet pipe (22); A grit-settling sewage conveying pipe (26) is connected between the first-level adsorption chamber (3) and the upper end of the grit-settling chamber (2); an annular adsorption net assembly is movably connected inside the first-level adsorption chamber (3); an adsorption gel material is filled inside the annular adsorption net assembly; a sewage stirring assembly is arranged inside the first-level adsorption chamber (3); a stirring end of the sewage stirring assembly is arranged on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly; A primary adsorption delivery pipe (34) is connected between the upper ends of the primary adsorption chamber (3) and the secondary adsorption chamber (4); a flow guide pipe (35) is connected between the lower ends of the primary adsorption chamber (3) and the secondary adsorption chamber (4); a conical adsorption net frame (44) is movably connected inside the secondary adsorption chamber (4); the conical adsorption net frame (44) is filled with adsorption gel material, and the conical adsorption net frame (44) is closely attached to the inner wall of the secondary adsorption chamber (4); The adsorption gel material uses sodium lignin sulfonate and organic montmorillonite as raw materials, potassium persulfate as an initiator, and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent. Acrylic acid and acrylamide are grafted onto the sodium lignin sulfonate by free radical polymerization, and then the organic montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in the sodium lignin sulfonate polymer matrix in an intercalation composite manner to prepare a lignin-based composite hydrogel adsorption material.

2. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrical control cabinet (11) is installed on the box wall of the working box (1), and the electrical control cabinet (11) is connected to various electrical components of the equipment for signal transmission.

3. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first solenoid valve (23) is installed on the body of the sewage inlet pipe (22), a second solenoid valve (36) is installed on the body of the guide pipe (35), a secondary adsorption delivery pipe (42) is connected between the secondary adsorption chamber (4) and the discharge chamber (5), a third solenoid valve (43) is installed on the body of the secondary adsorption delivery pipe (42), and the first solenoid valve (23), the second solenoid valve (36) and the third solenoid valve (43) are all connected to the electrical control cabinet (11) for signal transmission.

4. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly connected to the sand settling chamber (2) comprises a C-shaped clamping strip (27), a folded frame (28) and a filter screen (29), wherein the C-shaped clamping strip (27) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the two side walls of the sand settling chamber (2), the folded frame (28) is symmetrically arranged, the filter screen (29) is connected to the inner side edges of the two folded frames (28), and the outer side edge of the folded frame (28) is clamped in the C-shaped clamping strip (27); The opposite ends of the two folding frames (28) are rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (211), and the connecting shaft (211) is connected to the upper end surface of the opposite ends of the folding frames (28), and the butt-jointed frame bodies of the two folding frames (28) are also connected to a pull ring (212); A positioning rod (210) is movably inserted in the butt-jointed frame bodies of the two folded frames (28), one end of the positioning rod (210) is convex, and the inner ends of the two positioning rods (210) are butt-jointed together, and positioning slots (213) are provided at both ends of the C-shaped clamping strip (27); A sand settling chamber top cover (21) is movably mounted at the upper opening of the sand settling chamber (2).

5. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spiral sand discharge pipe (24) is provided at the bottom end of the sand settling chamber (2), a sand guide pipe (214) is connected between the bottom end of the sand settling chamber (2) and the spiral sand discharge pipe (24), and a fourth solenoid valve (215) is installed on the tube body of the sand guide pipe (214), one end of the spiral sand discharge pipe (24) located outside the working box (1) is connected to a sand discharge motor (25), and the rotating shaft of the sand discharge motor (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to the spiral rotating rod in the spiral sand discharge pipe (24), and a sand discharge hole (216) is opened on the tube body of the spiral sand discharge pipe (24) located outside the working box (1).

6. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of annular adsorption net assemblies are arranged in an upper and lower distribution pattern in the first-level adsorption chamber (3), the annular adsorption net assembly comprises an annular adsorption net frame (37) and an annular adsorption net cover (38), the annular adsorption net cover (38) is movably clamped at the upper opening of the annular adsorption net frame (37), the outer edge of the annular adsorption net cover (38) is connected to an upper docking plate (310), the outer edge of the annular adsorption net frame (37) is connected to a lower docking rod (312), and the upper docking plate (310) and the lower docking rod (312) are both arranged in a cross shape, and the inner wall of the first-level adsorption chamber (3) is connected to a C-shaped positioning card seat (39), and the C-shaped positioning card seat (39) is arranged in a cross shape; The lower plate surface of the upper docking plate (310) is integrally connected with a limit clamping block (311); the upper end of the lower docking rod (312) is provided with a limit clamping slot (313), and the limit clamping block (311) is clamped in the limit clamping slot (313); The upper plate surface of the upper docking plate (310) is provided with a positioning slot (314), the upper end surface of the inner cavity of the C-shaped positioning socket (39) is integrally connected with a positioning protrusion (315), and the positioning protrusion (315) is clamped in the positioning slot (314).

7. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first-stage chamber top cover (31) is movably mounted at the upper opening of the first-stage adsorption chamber (3); a stirring through hole (32) and a sampling slot (33) are provided on the cover of the first-stage chamber top cover (31); the stirring through hole (32) is located at the center of the first-stage chamber top cover (31), and the sampling slot (33) is located at one side of the stirring through hole (32); A lifting pump (316) is provided in the primary adsorption chamber (3); the lifting pump (316) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the primary adsorption chamber (3); and a liquid outlet end of the lifting pump (316) is connected to the primary adsorption delivery pipe (34) via a pipeline.

8. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the secondary adsorption chamber (4) is fixedly connected with a beveled edge clamping strip (45), and the outer edge of the conical adsorption net frame (44) is clamped on the beveled edge clamping strip (45); A secondary chamber top cover (41) is movably mounted at the upper opening of the secondary adsorption chamber (4). A diversion water pump (46) is also provided in the secondary adsorption chamber (4), and a liquid outlet end of the diversion water pump (46) is connected to the diversion pipe (35).

9. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage stirring assembly comprises a variable frequency stirring motor (8), a stirring rotating rod (81) and stirring blades (82); the rotating shaft of the variable frequency stirring motor (8) is fixedly connected to the stirring rotating rod (81) coaxially; the stirring rotating rod (81) is located in the primary adsorption chamber (3); a plurality of stirring blades (82) are fixedly connected to the rod body of the stirring rotating rod (81); and the stirring blades (82) are all arranged on the inner side of the annular adsorption net assembly; The stirring blade (82) is provided with a hollow groove (83), and groove walls on both sides of the hollow groove (83) are connected to a plurality of stirring sharp teeth (84), and the stirring sharp teeth (84) facing each other are arranged in sequence in a staggered manner.

10. The heavy metal wastewater treatment technology and pilot plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: The body of the variable frequency stirring motor (8) is fixedly connected to a support plate (7), both ends of the support plate (7) are connected to lifting push rods (6), the bottom end of the lifting push rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the working box (1), and the lifting push rods (6) are respectively located on both sides of the first-level adsorption chamber (3).

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