River and lake treatment method based on effect evaluation

Abstract

The invention discloses a river and lake treatment method based on treatment effect evaluation, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining river and lake operation basic data information, and forming a project information table as reference and background values; constructing an evaluation index system according to the literature historical information and the project information table; performing data acquisition, detection and analysis processing according to the constructed evaluation index system, and performing evaluation to form an evaluation report; according to the result of the formed evaluation report, the formed problem is diagnosed, and a reason is obtained; and according to the result of the formed evaluation report and the reason obtained by diagnosis, operating personnel are guided to take enhanced treatment measures, and the river and lake treatment effect is improved. Through implementation of the technical scheme, technical support is provided for river and lake treatment operation units, operation management is optimized, operation and maintenance problems are pointed out, an improvement direction is provided, river and lake treatment is further promoted to improve the water environment, assessment requirements are met, and operation income is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water environment management, and in particular to a river and lake management method based on effect evaluation. Background Art

[0002] Starting from the 2015 "Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control", the national urban water body governance began in an all-round way. All regions took prompt action and made positive progress after nearly ten years of governance with remarkable results. Compared with the national surface water quality category of the national controlled sections in 2015, which accounted for 2.8% of Class I, 31.4% of Class II, 30.3% of Class III, 21.1% of Class IV, 5.6% of Class V, and 8.8% of Class V, the water quality of water bodies in 2023 has been greatly improved, which are 9.0% of Class I, 50.1% of Class II, 30.3% of Class III, 8.4% of Class IV, 1.5% of Class V, and 0.7% of Class V. With the advancement of the construction of a beautiful China, the direction of water environment governance in various regions has also shifted from eliminating black and odorous water to improving the quality of surface water bodies, and is committed to transforming the water quality categories of rivers and lakes to Class IV, Class III, and even Class II to ensure the utilization of water resources.

[0003] However, local governments' assessment targets for the operational effectiveness of river and lake management units usually include water quality indicators such as the permanganate index (COD). Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen in lakes TN, transparency and sensory effects. These indicators are relatively easy to operate in daily production, but there are also problems such as one-sided effect evaluation and delayed feedback on operational problems. For example, after a stage of operation, the water quality still meets the assessment target, but the nutrient level, algae or bottom pollutants have exceeded the risk value. Failure to take timely measures will cause problems for operations and affect the long-term compliance of water quality, thereby affecting the implementation of river and lake management projects, increasing operating costs, and causing difficulties for operators, which is not conducive to the continuous improvement of river and lake water environment. In addition, the existing effect evaluation is usually an ecological monitoring and evaluation of rivers and lakes by the ecological and environmental authorities. The purpose is to evaluate the ecological health status of the river and lake water environment for graded monitoring. There is no systematic effect evaluation for the purpose of optimizing operations.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a river and lake management method based on management effectiveness evaluation to assist operating units in identifying and solving problems, guide the improvement of operating measures, and ensure long-term operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a river and lake management method based on effect evaluation, to assist operating units in identifying and solving problems, to guide the improvement of operating measures, and to ensure long-term operation.

[0006] The technical solution proposed by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is as follows: A river and lake management method based on effect evaluation comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, obtaining basic data information of river and lake operation, and forming a project information table as a reference and background value;

[0008] Step S2: construct an evaluation index system based on the document history information and the project information table;

[0009] Step S3: collect, test, analyze and evaluate data based on the evaluation index system to form an evaluation report;

[0010] Step S4: diagnose the problem and find out the cause according to the result of the evaluation report;

[0011] Step S5: Based on the results of the evaluation report and the causes obtained by diagnosis, guide the operating personnel to take enhanced treatment measures to improve the river and lake management effect.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the project information table includes project overview, engineering objectives, technical routes, and daily operation data.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the evaluation index system includes water quality index, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity, bottom condition and operation status;

[0014] The water quality indicators include permanganate index COD Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen TN, dissolved oxygen DO, chemical oxygen demand COD Cr and water quality status assessment;

[0015] The nutrient status includes transparency, chlorophyll a and comprehensive nutrient index; the aquatic biodiversity includes Margalef richness index, species and number of plankton and large benthic animals, coverage rate of large aquatic plants and water bird species; the bottom sediment condition includes bottom sediment total phosphorus, bottom sediment total nitrogen and bottom sediment organic matter; the operating status includes assessment target achievement rate, maintenance management and emergency plan.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the steps of evaluating, diagnosing, analyzing and improving the treatment effect are based on the achievement of the engineering target, and if the engineering target is not achieved, enhanced treatment is performed;

[0017] If the project goal is met, water quality indicators and operation status evaluation will be carried out; if any one of the water quality indicators and operation status evaluation is not up to standard, enhanced treatment will be carried out; if all of them are up to standard, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality status will be evaluated;

[0018] If any of the above-mentioned trophic status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality evaluations do not meet the standards, enhanced treatment will be carried out; if all of them meet the standards, the existing operation will continue;

[0019] All enhanced treatments are implemented with the goal of achieving compliance with all evaluation index systems until river and lake management is stabilized and operated.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the enhanced treatment includes but is not limited to dredging of bottom mud, outlet management, addition of chemicals, garbage salvage, aeration and oxygenation, and ecological manipulation;

[0021] The establishment of monitoring sections or points shall be based on the monitoring sections or points required by the engineering objectives of river and lake management operations, and 3 to 5 more shall be added as needed.

[0022] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the evaluation indicators are increased or decreased according to the specific situation of the river and lake management and operation project, and the management effect evaluation is carried out at least once in the middle of each quarter of the year.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the technical solution provided by the present invention has a simple process, strong practical operability, easy-to-understand results, and is easy to analyze. It can find the factors that affect the effect of river and lake management, find the problem links, and propose improvement plans to further improve the effect of water environment management and improve the water environment quality. The evaluation index system adopted is targeted and comprehensive, involving water quality, water ecology, water safety and other aspects. The evaluation results are accurate and easy to diagnose and control problems. The compliance of the management effect evaluation shows that the entire process of water environment management from source control and pollution interception, non-point source management, internal source reduction to ecological restoration is in good condition; the failure of the management effect evaluation means that one or several links in the water environment management need to be improved and strengthened.

[0024] For on-site operators with low professional levels, the technical solution provided by the present invention can also help the operators identify and solve problems, help the operating units operate efficiently, continuously and effectively improve the water environment, meet the owner's assessment requirements, and increase revenue.

[0025] Different seasons of the year correspond to the dry, normal and flood seasons of rivers and lakes. The hydrological characteristics, water environment and water ecology of rivers and lakes vary in different periods. It is necessary to conduct a governance effect evaluation at least once a quarter to formulate evaluation standards and strengthen treatment measures for the corresponding season, reflect the universality and particularity of this technical solution, and ensure the stability of long-term governance effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a river and lake management method according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a river and lake management method based on effect evaluation includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S1, obtaining basic data information of river and lake operation, and forming a project information table as a reference and background value;

[0030] In the specific implementation steps, the project information table includes project overview, engineering objectives, technical routes, and daily operation data.

[0031] Step S2: construct an evaluation index system based on the document history information and the project information table;

[0032] In the specific implementation steps, the evaluation index system includes water quality indicators, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity, bottom conditions and operational conditions;

[0033] Step S3: collect, test, analyze and evaluate data based on the evaluation index system to form an evaluation report;

[0034] Step S4: diagnose the problem and find out the cause according to the result of the evaluation report;

[0035] Step S5: Based on the results of the evaluation report and the causes obtained by diagnosis, guide the operating personnel to take enhanced treatment measures to improve the river and lake management effect.

[0036] Water quality indicators include permanganate index COD Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen TN, dissolved oxygen DO, chemical oxygen demand COD Cr and water quality status assessment;

[0037] The trophic status includes transparency, chlorophyll a and comprehensive trophic index; the aquatic biodiversity includes the Margalef richness index, species and number of plankton and large benthic animals, coverage of large aquatic plants and waterbird species; the bottom sediment condition includes bottom sediment total phosphorus, bottom sediment total nitrogen and bottom sediment organic matter; the operational status includes the assessment target achievement rate, maintenance management and emergency plan.

[0038] In the specific implementation steps, the evaluation, diagnosis, analysis and improvement steps of the governance effect are based on the achievement of the project goals. If the project goals are not achieved, enhanced treatment will be carried out;

[0039] If the project goal is met, water quality indicators and operation status evaluation will be carried out. If one of the water quality indicators and operation status evaluation is not up to standard, enhanced treatment will be carried out. If all of them are up to standard, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality status will be evaluated.

[0040] If any of the evaluation of trophic status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality does not meet the standard, enhanced treatment will be carried out; if all of them meet the standard, the existing operation will continue;

[0041] All enhanced treatments are implemented with the goal of achieving compliance with all evaluation index systems until river and lake management is stabilized and operated.

[0042] Among the specific implementation steps, enhanced treatment includes but is not limited to sediment dredging, outlet management, dosing of chemicals, garbage salvage, aeration and oxygenation, and ecological manipulation;

[0043] The setting of monitoring sections or points shall be increased by 3 to 5 as needed on the basis of the monitoring sections or points required by the objectives of the river and lake management and operation project.

[0044] In the specific implementation steps, the evaluation indicators will be increased or decreased according to the specific situation of the river and lake management and operation projects, and the management effect evaluation will be carried out at least once in the middle of each quarter of the year.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] A river management project is about 3km long, 10m wide and 1.5m deep. The basic data and information of river and lake operation are collected and sorted to form a project information table and obtain the operation project objectives:

[0047] TP≤0.3mg / L, COD Mn ≤10mg / L, NH4 + -N≤1.5mg / L, 8 months a year must meet the required surface water Class IV water standards, and the other 4 months must meet Class V water standards;

[0048] The water is clear, with a transparency of ≥1.2m; there is no odor, no algae accumulation, and no floating garbage.

[0049] The indicator evaluation system includes: water quality indicators, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity, bottom conditions and operational conditions.

[0050] Water quality indicators include permanganate index COD Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen TN, dissolved oxygen DO, chemical oxygen demand COD Cr and water quality status assessment;

[0051] The trophic status includes transparency, chlorophyll and comprehensive trophic index; the aquatic biodiversity includes Margalef richness index, plankton and benthic animal counts, macrophyte coverage and waterbird species;

[0052] The substrate conditions include total phosphorus, total nitrogen and organic matter;

[0053] Operational status includes assessment target achievement rate, capital investment, maintenance management and emergency plans.

[0054] This river management project operates three monitoring sections, and three additional monitoring sections will be added on this basis.

[0055] According to the index evaluation system, water quality permanganate index COD Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen TN, dissolved oxygen DO, chemical oxygen demand COD Cr , transparency, chlorophyll a, species and quantity of plankton, species and quantity of large benthic animals, total phosphorus in substrate, total nitrogen in substrate and organic matter in substrate to obtain test data.

[0056] Investigate and record the coverage of large aquatic plants and water bird species. After data processing, obtain water quality status evaluation, comprehensive nutrient index and Margalef richness index, and form a corresponding evaluation report.

[0057] The project target operation project assessment target achievement rate is 100%, with complete maintenance management and emergency plans, but the water quality status evaluation shows that the COD Cr The content exceeds 20mg / L (Class III water standard) and is close to 30mg / L (Class IV water standard), posing a risk of exceeding the standard.

[0058] The water quality of the sections is evaluated as follows: 66.67% of the sections are in Class I to III of the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards, and 33.33% are in Class IV. The entire river is judged to be slightly polluted; among them, the primary pollutant is COD Cr The section exceeding standard rate is 33.33%.

[0059] The nutritional status evaluation showed that the comprehensive nutritional status index of the six monitoring sections was TLI (Σ) > 40 (medium nutrition), and some sections had TLI (Σ) > 50, indicating mild eutrophication, with bottom transparency.

[0060] The evaluation of aquatic biodiversity showed that the Margalef richness index of each section was greater than 3, indicating a clean environment. The phytoplankton density was 386,524 to 542,610 individuals / L, and the dominant species were Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria. The dominant zooplankton density was the copepod Daphnia pulex. The dominant species of large benthic animals in each section was the Chinese round pond snail of the Mollusca phylum. The coverage rate of large aquatic plants was about 30%.

[0061] The evaluation of the bottom sediment condition showed that the organic matter in the bottom sediment of some sections was >5.2%, the total nitrogen was >2000, and the total phosphorus was >1500, indicating that the pollution was quite serious.

[0062] Analysis of the above evaluation results shows that the aquatic biodiversity and operation status are evaluated as "up to standard". The water quality status evaluation, nutrient status evaluation and bottom quality evaluation are evaluated as "not up to standard" and need to be strengthened.

[0063] First, the COD of the section Cr There is a risk of exceeding the standard. After investigation, it was found that sewage flowed into some of the outlets along the river, so the outlet management was strengthened. Secondly, some sections were slightly eutrophic. After calculation, it was found that it was caused by high TN concentration. However, since river management does not take TN concentration into consideration and the cost of TN removal is high, enhanced TN removal is not carried out. The flow rate is increased to slow down the eutrophication level and prevent the increase of algae. Finally, the bottom pollution is serious. This is due to the long-term lack of dredging after the start of operation, resulting in the deposition of pollutants in the overlying water and the remains of aquatic plants and animals. It is controlled through river dredging.

[0064] Through the implementation of the river and lake management method based on management effect evaluation in this embodiment, the river management project has achieved stable operation, helped operators identify and solve problems, met assessment requirements, and achieved increased revenue.

[0065] The above-described embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river and lake management method based on effect evaluation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, obtaining basic data information of river and lake operation, and forming a project information table as a reference and background value; Step S2: construct an evaluation index system based on the document history information and the project information table; Step S3: collect, test, analyze and evaluate data based on the evaluation index system to form an evaluation report; Step S4: diagnose the problem and find out the cause according to the result of the evaluation report; Step S5: Based on the results of the evaluation report and the causes obtained by diagnosis, guide the operating personnel to take enhanced treatment measures to improve the river and lake management effect.

2. A river and lake management method based on effect evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The project information table includes project overview, engineering objectives, technical routes, and daily operation data.

3. A method for river and lake management based on effect evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation index system includes water quality index, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity, bottom condition and operation status; The water quality indicators include permanganate index COD Mn 、NH4 + -N, total phosphorus TP, total nitrogen TN, dissolved oxygen DO, chemical oxygen demand COD Cr and water quality status assessment; The nutrient status includes transparency, chlorophyll a and comprehensive nutrient index; the aquatic biodiversity includes Margalef richness index, species and number of plankton and large benthic animals, coverage rate of large aquatic plants and water bird species; the bottom sediment condition includes bottom sediment total phosphorus, bottom sediment total nitrogen and bottom sediment organic matter; the operating status includes assessment target achievement rate, maintenance management and emergency plan.

4. A method for river and lake management based on effect evaluation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of treatment effect evaluation, diagnosis, analysis and improvement are based on the achievement of the engineering objectives. If the engineering objectives are not achieved, enhanced treatment is performed; If the project goal is met, water quality indicators and operation status evaluation will be carried out; if any one of the water quality indicators and operation status evaluation is not up to standard, enhanced treatment will be carried out; if all of them are up to standard, nutrient status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality status will be evaluated; If any of the above-mentioned trophic status, aquatic biodiversity and bottom quality evaluations do not meet the standards, enhanced treatment will be carried out; if all of them meet the standards, the existing operation will continue; All enhanced treatments are implemented with the goal of achieving compliance with all evaluation index systems until river and lake management is stabilized and operated.

5. A method for river and lake management based on effect evaluation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The enhanced treatment includes but is not limited to dredging of bottom sludge, outlet management, addition of chemicals, garbage salvage, aeration and oxygenation, and ecological manipulation. The establishment of monitoring sections or points shall be based on the monitoring sections or points required by the engineering objectives of river and lake management operations, and 3 to 5 more shall be added as needed.

6. A method for river and lake management based on effect evaluation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The evaluation indicators will be increased or decreased according to the specific situation of the river and lake management and operation project, and the management effect evaluation will be carried out at least once in the middle of each quarter of the year.

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