Power line carrier communication fault detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a power line carrier communication fault detection system, and relates to the technical field of power line fault detection, the fault detection system comprises a data acquisition module, an abnormity analysis module, a fault diagnosis positioning module, a fault grading evaluation module, a response measure matching module and an alarm module, and the modules are in electric signal connection. According to the invention, the signal change on the power line is rapidly captured by monitoring the modulation signal after carrier demodulation on the power line, including the sending performance index and the electrical performance index, and the performance trend of the power system can be timely evaluated and the abnormal modulation signal can be timely detected by calculating the sending performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index. Key information is provided for fault positioning and grading, the accuracy and response speed of fault detection are greatly improved, the influence of faults on a power system is reduced, and the reliability of power supply is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power line fault detection, and in particular to a power line carrier communication fault detection system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion and complexity of the power system, the requirements for the efficiency of power grid operation are increasing. In the operation of the power system, due to the high data transmission rate and wide coverage of power line carrier communication technology, it can meet the real-time transmission needs of large amounts of data, so that the power line carrier communication fault detection system can monitor and transmit line status information in real time, providing strong guarantees for the rapid location and processing of faults. In addition, power supply security is the primary goal of the power system. By monitoring the status of the power grid, potential safety hazards can be discovered in time to ensure the safety and stability of power supply.

[0003] For example, a low-voltage power line carrier operation and maintenance control method and system with Chinese patent publication number: CN114024576A obtains the operating data of the HPLC carrier module through the acquisition unit; uses the conversion unit to pre-process the operating data of the HPLC carrier module to generate a message; inputs the message to the fault analysis unit, and analyzes and verifies the message through the fault analysis unit. If the verification is incorrect, the alarm unit is called to send a text message alarm.

[0004] In the existing technology, the problem that the existing operation and maintenance management technology lacks remote tracking and active fault diagnosis means for the status of terminal equipment and the fault identification is difficult is solved through remote tracking and active fault diagnosis of the terminal equipment status. However, in the fault detection process, the power system has the uncertainty of abnormal load, emergencies and malicious interference, which will affect the power carrier communication. Therefore, how to grade the severity of the fault and match the corresponding response measures is the problem we need to solve. To this end, a power line carrier communication fault detection system is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a power line carrier communication fault detection system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A power line carrier communication fault detection system, the fault detection system comprising a data acquisition module, an abnormality analysis module, a fault diagnosis and positioning module, a fault classification assessment module, a countermeasure matching module and an alarm module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules;

[0008] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the modulation signal after carrier demodulation on the power line, capture the signal changes on the power line in real time, provide a data basis for subsequent fault analysis, and perform preprocessing operations on the acquired modulation signal;

[0009] The abnormality analysis module detects and identifies abnormalities of the signal based on the preprocessed modulated signal, promptly discovers abnormal signals on the power line, and provides key information for fault location and classification;

[0010] The fault diagnosis and positioning module accurately locates the fault according to the results of the abnormality analysis module, determines the location and scope of the fault, and helps maintenance personnel to quickly find the fault point, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and accuracy;

[0011] The fault classification assessment module performs a classification assessment on the fault according to the severity of the fault and the fault diagnosis and location results, and provides maintenance personnel with different levels of response measures to ensure that the fault is handled promptly and effectively;

[0012] The countermeasure matching module matches corresponding countermeasures according to the fault assessment results of the fault classification assessment module, so as to ensure that maintenance personnel can select the most appropriate maintenance plan according to the actual situation and improve the maintenance effect and efficiency;

[0013] The alarm module is used to send out corresponding alarm information according to the fault evaluation result when the system detects a fault, so that the operator can respond in time.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the data acquisition module, the acquisition and preprocessing process of the modulated signal includes:

[0015] Use data acquisition equipment to capture the modulated signal after carrier demodulation from the power line, including transmission performance indicators and electrical performance indicators. The transmission performance indicators involve spectrum characteristics, carrier signal parameters and output power, and the electrical performance indicators include voltage, current and equipment status. The data source comes from the carrier signal on the power line. After demodulation, the signal contains the required modulation information.

[0016] Perform preprocessing operations on the collected modulated signals to improve the quality and analyzability of the signals, including data cleaning, data preprocessing, and signal denoising steps. The signals are processed by smoothing algorithms to eliminate sharp changes and fluctuations in the signals and unify the signal dimensions and value ranges.

[0017] A data warehouse is built based on a distributed file system to store preprocessed signal data to ensure data reliability and security for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the abnormality analysis module, the abnormality detection and identification process of the signal includes:

[0019] Based on the pre-processed modulated signal, the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are analyzed, and the characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are extracted respectively, wherein the characteristics of the transmission performance index include signal strength, spectrum purity, carrier frequency stability, and signal modulation error, and the characteristics of the electrical performance index include voltage fluctuation, current stability, phase deviation, and power factor;

[0020] For each feature data, based on historical data and standard specifications, determine the normal value of each feature data, compare the extracted feature data with the normal value, and identify the feature data that deviates from the normal value as an abnormal value;

[0021] Analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, and based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the transmission performance trend index to analyze the transmission performance index trend of the modulated signal;

[0022] Analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the electrical performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, and based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the electrical performance trend index to analyze the trend of the electrical performance index of the modulated signal;

[0023] By calculating the trend index of transmission performance and electrical performance, the abnormal modulation signal on the power line is analyzed. The abnormal modulation signal is manifested as a significant change in transmission performance or electrical performance, or both. The abnormal modulation signal is further analyzed to determine its source, nature and scope of influence.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the expression of the sending performance trend index is:

[0025] ;

[0026] in, To send performance trend index, To send the performance indicator index, , is the actual measured value of each transmission performance indicator. For each characteristic data (signal strength, spectrum purity, carrier frequency stability, signal modulation error), , The benchmark values ​​for each transmission performance indicator are the normal values ​​determined by historical data and standard specifications. is the minimum value of each sending performance indicator, used to standardize the degree of deviation. is the weight coefficient, which is used to adjust the different feature data in importance in calculations, and , The value range of is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state, and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value;

[0027] The expression of the electrical performance trend index is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, is the electrical performance trend index, is the electrical performance index index, , is the actual measured value of each electrical performance indicator. For each characteristic data (voltage fluctuation, current stability, phase deviation, power factor), , The benchmark values ​​for various electrical performance indicators are the normal values ​​determined by historical data and standard specifications. and Respectively represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of each electrical performance indicator and are used to standardize the degree of deviation. The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value.

[0030] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in the fault diagnosis and location module, the fault location process includes:

[0031] When starting the diagnosis, the historical maintenance database is loaded from the database, and the historical data is used to assist in matching the current fault type. The historical maintenance database contains the fault type, location, cause, severity and solution that occurred in the past;

[0032] Record and describe the abnormal phenomena observed in the power system as the starting point for fault diagnosis. According to the calculated transmission performance trend index in the power system, evaluate whether its performance is stable or has a downward trend. According to the calculated electrical performance trend index, evaluate whether the overall electrical performance of the power system is within the normal range. According to the calculation results of the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index, locate the specific fault indicators in the power system.

[0033] Based on the indicators for determining the fault, traverse the characteristic data therein, compare the normal value range of the characteristic data, find the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value, and locate the abnormal characteristics based on the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value to determine the location of the fault;

[0034] The located abnormal features are matched with the records in the historical maintenance database to find out the fault cases in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal features, and the severity of the current fault is evaluated based on the severity of the historical cases and the current abnormal features.

[0035] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the fault classification evaluation module, the process of fault classification evaluation includes:

[0036] Integrate the current status data of the power system, including the transmission performance trend index, the electrical performance trend index and the located fault information, the fault information is the fault type, location and severity. Among them, the transmission performance trend index measures the efficiency and stability of power transmission in the power system, and the electrical performance trend index evaluates the overall electrical performance of the power system, such as voltage stability, current quality, etc.;

[0037] The severity of the fault (equipment damage degree, fault duration, etc.) and the transmission performance trend index and electrical performance trend index are integrated into a comprehensive evaluation value, the fault evaluation coefficient is calculated, and the interference degree of the located fault on the power system is evaluated. The severity of the integrated fault directly reflects the direct impact of the fault on the equipment. The transmission performance trend index and electrical performance trend index are introduced as a reference for evaluating the impact of the fault on the overall performance of the power system;

[0038] Combined with the fault types in the historical maintenance database, different power system fault levels are divided into minor fault level, general fault level, severe fault level and emergency fault level;

[0039] Based on the value of the fault assessment coefficient and the divided fault levels, a corresponding fault assessment threshold is matched for each fault level, and the calculated fault assessment coefficient is compared with the set fault assessment threshold to determine the level of the fault.

[0040] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the expression of the fault assessment coefficient is:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, is the fault assessment coefficient, To send performance trend index, measure the efficiency and stability of power transmission in power system, It is the electrical performance trend index, which evaluates the overall electrical performance of the power system. is the base value, and The historical average of is the adjustment coefficient used to control the speed of exponential decay. Score the severity of the fault, including factors such as the degree of equipment damage and the duration of the fault. is the maximum score of fault severity, The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means the fault has little impact on the system, and 0 means the fault has a great impact on the system.

[0043] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the multiple fault levels correspond to the multiple fault evaluation thresholds, wherein the fault evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0044] The multiple fault levels and the multiple fault evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0045] Minor fault level ;

[0046] General fault level ;

[0047] Severe fault level ;

[0048] Emergency fault level ;

[0049] in, is the fault assessment coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the minor fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the general fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the general fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the emergency fault level, , , .

[0050] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the countermeasure matching module, the countermeasure matching process includes:

[0051] The countermeasure matching module receives the fault assessment results from the fault classification assessment module, including the fault type, location, severity, and fault level, and analyzes the specific characteristics of the fault based on the received fault assessment results, including the nature of the fault, the scope of impact, and the urgency of the fault. According to the fault type and severity, the nature of the fault is analyzed to determine whether it is an intermittent fault, chronic degradation, or acute damage. The scope of impact of the fault on the operation of the power system and users is assessed, including the number of users affected and the system area. According to the urgency of the fault, it is determined whether immediate measures need to be taken, as well as possible safety risks.

[0052] Based on the specific characteristics of the fault, analyze the cases and maintenance results in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal characteristics, including finding cases with the same or similar fault type, location, severity and fault level, and compare the retrieved cases, analyze the maintenance process, required resources, maintenance time and maintenance results, learn maintenance strategies from historical cases, and select corresponding countermeasures for the current fault;

[0053] Based on the selected countermeasures, a detailed maintenance plan is generated, including maintenance steps, required tools and equipment, division of labor among maintenance personnel, and safety precautions. The maintenance plan is optimized to ensure the rationality and feasibility of the plan, and a maintenance guidance plan is output. The maintenance guidance plan is clear and accurate, making it easy for maintenance personnel to understand and implement it.

[0054] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the alarm module, the process of generating the alarm information includes:

[0055] The alarm module continuously collects the status data of the power system and matches the corresponding alarm warning measures for each fault level according to the preset fault level and fault urgency;

[0056] For minor fault levels, general fault levels, serious fault levels and emergency fault levels, green, yellow, blue and red warning lights are emitted respectively, and alarm information is sent to the operator via SMS and email. The alarm information includes fault description, location information, recommended countermeasures and operator response requirements;

[0057] When issuing an alarm, the alarm module records the alarm information, including alarm time, alarm level, fault description, and operator response, for subsequent fault analysis and system optimization. The alarm module also monitors the operator's response to ensure timely response and effective countermeasures. If the operator fails to respond within the specified time (5 minutes), a buzzer reminder will be issued.

[0058] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0059] 1. The present invention provides a power line carrier communication fault detection system, which can quickly capture signal changes on the power line by monitoring the modulation signal after carrier demodulation on the power line, including transmission performance indicators and electrical performance indicators, and can timely evaluate the performance trend of the power system by calculating the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index, timely detect abnormal modulation signals, provide key information for fault location and classification, greatly improve the accuracy and response speed of fault detection, reduce the impact of faults on the power system, and improve the reliability of power supply.

[0060] 2. The present invention provides a power line carrier communication fault detection system, which analyzes the characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index, compares them with the normal values, and determines the abnormal values, so as to locate the abnormal characteristics according to the abnormal values, determine the location of the fault, and match the located abnormal characteristics with the records in the historical maintenance database, find out the fault cases in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal characteristics, can accurately locate the fault, and grade the fault according to the severity, scope of impact and urgency of the fault, which helps maintenance personnel to quickly find the fault point and select the appropriate maintenance plan, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and accuracy.

[0061] 3. The present invention provides a power line carrier communication fault detection system, which can detect anomalies or faults in the communication link in real time by continuously monitoring the status of the power system, conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data, and accurately determine the type, location and severity of the fault, thereby greatly shortening the time for fault discovery. Once a fault is detected, the alarm mechanism is immediately triggered, and alarm information is sent to the operator through lights, text messages, and emails, and suggested countermeasures are given, so that the operator can quickly locate and handle the fault, effectively reducing the impact of the fault on the operation of the power system and users, and improving the reliability and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0063] Figure 1 It is a module structure diagram of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 The flowchart of abnormality detection and identification of signals of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the fault classification evaluation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1, Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a power line carrier communication fault detection system, the fault detection system includes a data acquisition module, an abnormality analysis module, a fault diagnosis and positioning module, a fault classification evaluation module, a countermeasure matching module and an alarm module, wherein the electrical signals between the modules are connected;

[0068] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the modulated signal after carrier demodulation on the power line, capture the signal changes on the power line in real time, provide a data basis for subsequent fault analysis, and pre-process the acquired modulated signal to improve the quality and analyzability of the signal, reduce the impact of noise and interference on fault detection, and improve the accuracy of the system. The data acquisition device is used to capture the modulated signal after carrier demodulation from the power line, including transmission performance indicators and electrical performance indicators. Among them, the transmission performance indicators involve spectrum characteristics, carrier signal parameters and output power, and the electrical performance indicators include voltage, current and equipment status. The data source comes from the carrier signal on the power line. After demodulation, the signal contains the required modulation information. The acquired modulated signal is pre-processed to Improve the quality and analyzability of signals, including data cleaning, data preprocessing and signal denoising steps, wherein the demodulated signal data is preliminarily cleaned to remove duplicate, invalid or abnormal data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data, and the cleaned data is further processed, including data format conversion and data standardization to make the data easier to analyze and process later, and the signal is denoised by using a filter denoising method to reduce the interference of noise on signal quality, and the signal is processed by a smoothing algorithm to eliminate sharp changes and fluctuations in the signal, unify the dimension and value range of the signal, build a data warehouse based on a distributed file system, store the preprocessed signal data, and ensure the reliability and security of the data for subsequent analysis and processing;

[0069] The abnormality analysis module detects and identifies abnormalities of the signal based on the pre-processed modulation signal, promptly discovers abnormal signals on the power line, and provides key information for fault location and classification. Based on the pre-processed modulation signal, the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are analyzed, and the characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are extracted respectively. Among them, the characteristics of the transmission performance index include signal strength, spectrum purity, carrier frequency stability, and signal modulation error. The characteristics of the electrical performance index include voltage fluctuation, current stability, phase deviation, and power factor. For each characteristic data, the normal value of each characteristic data is determined based on historical data and standard specifications, and the extracted characteristic data is compared with the normal value, and the characteristic data deviating from the normal value is identified as abnormal value, analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the transmission performance trend index based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, analyze the transmission performance index trend of the modulated signal, analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the electrical performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the electrical performance trend index based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, analyze the electrical performance index trend of the modulated signal, analyze the abnormal modulation signal on the power line through the calculated transmission performance and electrical performance trend index, the abnormal modulation signal is manifested as a significant change in the transmission performance or electrical performance, or both, and further analyze the abnormal modulation signal to determine its source, nature and scope of influence;

[0070] The expression of the sending performance trend index is:

[0071] ;

[0072] in, To send performance trend index, To send the performance indicator index, , is the actual measured value of each transmission performance indicator. For each characteristic data (signal strength, spectrum purity, carrier frequency stability, signal modulation error), , The benchmark values ​​for each transmission performance indicator are the normal values ​​determined by historical data and standard specifications. is the minimum value of each sending performance indicator, used to standardize the degree of deviation. is the weight coefficient, which is used to adjust the different feature data in importance in calculations, and , It represents the exponential decay of the deviation of each indicator from the benchmark value, which is used to measure the degree of deviation. The impact of It represents the square of the deviation between each indicator and the benchmark value, amplifying the impact of the deviation by squaring it and comparing it with the minimum value. Divide to standardize, Used to balance different indicators Contribution in calculation, ensuring that indicators with higher importance are The impact is greater, It represents the cumulative impact of the deviations of each indicator, and accumulates the deviation impact of each indicator in the form of product. The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state, and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value. The closer the value is to 1, the closer the sending performance is to the ideal state. The closer the value is to 0, the worse the transmission performance is and the greater the deviation is. By comprehensively considering the deviation degree of each transmission performance index and assigning different weights to different indexes, the transmission performance trend of power line carrier communication can be fully reflected;

[0073] The expression of electrical performance trend index is:

[0074] ;

[0075] in, is the electrical performance trend index, is the electrical performance index index, , is the actual measured value of each electrical performance indicator. For each characteristic data (voltage fluctuation, current stability, phase deviation, power factor), , The benchmark values ​​for various electrical performance indicators are the normal values ​​determined by historical data and standard specifications. and Respectively represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of each electrical performance indicator and are used to standardize the degree of deviation. and It represents the square root of the difference between each electrical performance index and the reference value and the minimum value. The influence of extreme values ​​is reduced through root conversion. It indicates the standardization of the deviation degree of each electrical performance index from the reference value relative to the range of minimum and maximum values. It represents the fourth power of the degree of deviation, and the influence of the deviation is amplified by the limit function. It represents the cumulative impact of the deviations of each indicator, and accumulates the deviation impact of each indicator in the form of product. The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state, and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value. The closer the value is to 1, the closer the electrical performance is to the ideal state; The closer the value is to 0, the worse the electrical performance is and the greater the deviation is. By comprehensively considering the deviation degree of each electrical performance index and performing standardization, the electrical performance trend of power line carrier communication can be fully reflected;

[0076] The fault diagnosis and positioning module accurately locates the fault according to the results of the abnormal analysis module, determines the location and scope of the fault, and helps maintenance personnel quickly find the fault point and improve maintenance efficiency and accuracy. When the diagnosis is started, the historical maintenance database is loaded from the database, and the historical data is used to assist in matching the current fault type. The historical maintenance database contains the type, location, cause, severity and solution of the faults that occurred in the past. The abnormal phenomena observed in the power system are recorded and described as the starting point of fault diagnosis. The calculated transmission performance trend index in the power system is used to evaluate whether its performance is stable or has a downward trend. The calculated electrical performance trend index is used to determine whether the power system is stable or has a downward trend. The transmission performance trend index is used to evaluate whether the overall electrical performance of the power system is within the normal range. According to the calculation results of the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index, the specific fault index in the power system is located. Based on the index for determining the fault, each characteristic data is traversed, and the normal value range of the characteristic data is compared to find the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value. According to the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value, the abnormal characteristics are located to determine the location of the fault. The located abnormal characteristics are matched with the records in the historical maintenance database to find the fault cases in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal characteristics. According to the severity of the historical cases and the current abnormal characteristics, the severity of the current fault is evaluated.

[0077] The fault classification assessment module conducts a classification assessment of faults according to the severity of the faults and the fault diagnosis and location results, and provides maintenance personnel with different levels of response measures to ensure that the faults are handled promptly and effectively;

[0078] The countermeasure matching module matches the corresponding countermeasures according to the fault assessment results of the fault classification assessment module, ensuring that maintenance personnel can select the most appropriate maintenance plan according to the actual situation and improve maintenance effect and efficiency;

[0079] The alarm module is used to issue corresponding alarm information according to the fault assessment results when the system detects a fault, so that the operator can respond in time.

[0080] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in the fault classification assessment module, the process of fault classification assessment includes:

[0081] Integrate the current status data of the power system, including the transmission performance trend index, the electrical performance trend index and the located fault information, the fault information is the fault type, location and severity, wherein the transmission performance trend index measures the efficiency and stability of power transmission in the power system, and the electrical performance trend index evaluates the overall electrical performance of the power system, such as voltage stability, current quality, etc., integrate the severity of the fault (equipment damage degree, fault duration, etc.) and the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index into a comprehensive evaluation value, calculate the fault evaluation coefficient, evaluate the interference degree of the located fault on the power system, integrate the severity of the fault to directly reflect the direct impact of the fault on the equipment, introduce the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index as a reference for evaluating the impact of the fault on the overall performance of the power system, combine the fault types in the historical maintenance database, divide the power system into different fault levels, namely, minor fault level, general fault level, severe fault level and emergency fault level, match the corresponding fault evaluation threshold for each fault level based on the value of the fault evaluation coefficient and the divided fault level, compare the calculated fault evaluation coefficient with the set fault evaluation threshold, that is, determine the level of the fault;

[0082] The expression of the fault assessment coefficient is:

[0083] ;

[0084] in, is the fault assessment coefficient, To send performance trend index, measure the efficiency and stability of power transmission in power system, It is an electrical performance trend index, which evaluates the overall electrical performance of the power system. is the base value, and The historical average of is the adjustment coefficient used to control the speed of exponential decay. Score the severity of the fault, including factors such as the degree of equipment damage and the duration of the fault. is the maximum score of fault severity, It represents the exponential decay of the deviation of the transmission performance and electrical performance index from the reference value, and is used to measure the impact of the deviation on the fault assessment coefficient. It represents the square root of the fault severity. The root conversion is used to reduce the impact of extreme values ​​and is standardized with the maximum severity score. The whole formula combines , and fault severity, and calculate a comprehensive evaluation value by combining exponential decay and radical formula to evaluate the degree of interference of the fault on the power system. The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means the fault has little impact on the system, and 0 means the fault has a great impact on the system. The closer the value is to 1, the smaller the impact of the fault on the power system is, and the closer the system operation status is to normal; The closer the value is to 0, the greater the impact of the fault on the power system, which needs to be handled with priority. By comprehensively considering the transmission performance and electrical performance index of the power system, as well as the severity of the fault, it can fully reflect the fault assessment of the power system and provide maintenance personnel with accurate fault information and countermeasures;

[0085] Multiple fault levels correspond to multiple fault evaluation thresholds, wherein the fault evaluation threshold includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0086] Multiple fault levels and multiple fault evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0087] Minor fault level The fault has little impact on the system and generally does not cause performance degradation. It does not require replacement of parts and can be easily eliminated.

[0088] General fault level The fault has a general impact on the system and may cause performance degradation, but will not cause damage to major components and can be repaired within a planned period.

[0089] Severe fault level ; The fault has a great impact on the system, which may cause damage to major components or significant performance degradation, and needs to be repaired as soon as possible;

[0090] Emergency fault level ; The failure has a great impact on the system and may cause the equipment to stop working immediately, endangering safety, and immediate action is required;

[0091] in, is the fault assessment coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the minor fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the general fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the general fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the emergency fault level, , , ;

[0092] In the countermeasure matching module, the countermeasure matching process includes:

[0093] The countermeasure matching module receives the fault assessment results from the fault classification assessment module, including the fault type, location, severity, and fault level, and analyzes the specific characteristics of the fault based on the received fault assessment results, including the nature of the fault, the scope of impact, and the urgency of the fault. According to the fault type and severity, the nature of the fault is analyzed to determine whether it is an intermittent fault, chronic degradation, or acute damage. The scope of impact of the fault on the operation of the power system and users is assessed, including the number of users affected and the system area. According to the urgency of the fault, it is determined whether immediate measures need to be taken, as well as possible safety risks. Based on the specific characteristics of the fault, historical maintenance data is analyzed. Cases and maintenance results with similar abnormal characteristics in the database, including finding cases with the same or similar fault type, location, severity and fault level, and comparing the retrieved cases, analyzing the maintenance process, required resources, maintenance time and maintenance results, drawing on maintenance strategies from historical cases, selecting corresponding countermeasures for the current fault, and generating a detailed maintenance plan based on the selected countermeasures, including maintenance steps, required tools and equipment, maintenance personnel division of labor and safety precautions, optimizing the maintenance plan to ensure the rationality and feasibility of the plan, and outputting a maintenance guidance plan that is clear and accurate, and easy for maintenance personnel to understand and implement;

[0094] In the alarm module, the generation process of alarm information includes:

[0095] The alarm module continuously collects the status data of the power system, and matches the corresponding alarm warning measures for each fault level according to the preset fault level and fault urgency. For minor fault level, general fault level, serious fault level and emergency fault level, it emits green, yellow, blue and red warning lights respectively, and sends alarm information to the operator via SMS and email. The alarm information includes fault description, location information, recommended countermeasures and operator response requirements. When issuing the alarm information, the alarm module records the alarm information, including alarm time, alarm level, fault description, and operator response, which is used for subsequent fault analysis and system optimization. The alarm module monitors the operator's response to ensure timely response and effective countermeasures. If the operator fails to respond within the specified time (5 minutes), a buzzer reminder will be further issued.

[0096] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power line carrier communication fault detection system, characterized in that: The fault detection system includes a data acquisition module, an abnormality analysis module, a fault diagnosis and positioning module, a fault classification assessment module, a countermeasure matching module and an alarm module, wherein the modules are connected by electrical signals; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the modulation signal after carrier demodulation on the power line, and perform preprocessing operations on the acquired modulation signal; The abnormality analysis module performs abnormality detection and identification on the signal based on the preprocessed modulated signal; The fault diagnosis and positioning module accurately locates the fault according to the results of the abnormality analysis module and determines the location and scope of the fault; The fault classification assessment module performs a classification assessment on the fault according to the severity of the fault and the fault diagnosis and location result; The countermeasure matching module matches corresponding countermeasures according to the fault assessment result of the fault classification assessment module; The alarm module is used to issue corresponding alarm information according to the fault evaluation result when the system detects a fault.

2. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the data acquisition module, the acquisition and preprocessing process of the modulation signal includes: Use data acquisition equipment to capture the modulated signal after carrier demodulation from the power line, including transmission performance indicators and electrical performance indicators. The transmission performance indicators involve spectrum characteristics, carrier signal parameters and output power, and the electrical performance indicators include voltage, current and equipment status; Perform preprocessing operations on the collected modulated signals, including data cleaning, data preprocessing and signal denoising steps, and process the signals through a smoothing algorithm to unify the signal's dimension and value range; A data warehouse is built based on a distributed file system to store preprocessed signal data.

3. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the anomaly analysis module, the signal anomaly detection and identification process includes: Based on the pre-processed modulated signal, the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are analyzed, and the characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the electrical performance index are extracted respectively, wherein the characteristics of the transmission performance index include signal strength, spectrum purity, carrier frequency stability, and signal modulation error, and the characteristics of the electrical performance index include voltage fluctuation, current stability, phase deviation, and power factor; For each feature data, based on historical data and standard specifications, determine the normal value of each feature data, compare the extracted feature data with the normal value, and identify the feature data that deviates from the normal value as an abnormal value; Analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the transmission performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, and based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the transmission performance trend index to analyze the transmission performance index trend of the modulated signal; Analyze the difference between each characteristic data of the electrical performance index and the normal value, calculate the deviation degree of each characteristic data, and based on the deviation degree of each characteristic data, comprehensively calculate the electrical performance trend index to analyze the trend of the electrical performance index of the modulated signal; By calculating the trend index of transmission performance and electrical performance, the abnormal modulation signal on the power line is analyzed. The abnormal modulation signal is manifested as a significant change in transmission performance or electrical performance, or both. The abnormal modulation signal is further analyzed to determine its source, nature and scope of influence.

4. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expression of the transmission performance trend index is: ； in, To send performance trend index, To send the performance indicator index, , is the actual measured value of each sending performance indicator, is the benchmark value of each sending performance indicator. is the minimum value of each sending performance indicator, used to standardize the degree of deviation. is the weight coefficient, and , The value range of is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state, and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value; The expression of the electrical performance trend index is: ； in, is the electrical performance trend index, is the electrical performance index index, , is the actual measured value of each electrical performance indicator, is the reference value of each electrical performance index. and Respectively represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of each electrical performance indicator, used to standardize the degree of deviation. The value range is between 0 and 1, where 1 means that all indicators are in the best state and 0 means that at least one indicator deviates seriously from the benchmark value.

5. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the fault diagnosis and location module, the fault location process includes: When starting the diagnosis, the historical maintenance database is loaded from the database, and the historical data is used to assist in matching the current fault type. The historical maintenance database contains the fault type, location, cause, severity and solution that occurred in the past; Record and describe the abnormal phenomena observed in the power system, evaluate whether the performance is stable or has a downward trend based on the calculated transmission performance trend index in the power system, evaluate whether the overall electrical performance of the power system is within the normal range based on the calculated electrical performance trend index, and locate specific fault indicators in the power system based on the calculation results of the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index; Based on the indicators for determining the fault, traverse the characteristic data therein, compare the normal value range of the characteristic data, find the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value, and locate the abnormal characteristics based on the characteristic data that deviates from the normal value to determine the location of the fault; The located abnormal features are matched with the records in the historical maintenance database to find out the fault cases in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal features, and the severity of the current fault is evaluated based on the severity of the historical cases and the current abnormal features.

6. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the fault classification assessment module, the process of fault classification assessment includes: Integrate the current status data of the power system, including the transmission performance trend index, the electrical performance trend index and the located fault information, the fault information is the fault type, location and severity; Integrate the severity of the fault, the transmission performance trend index and the electrical performance trend index into a comprehensive evaluation value, calculate the fault evaluation coefficient, and evaluate the degree of interference of the located fault on the power system; Combined with the fault types in the historical maintenance database, different power system fault levels are divided into minor fault level, general fault level, severe fault level and emergency fault level; Based on the value of the fault assessment coefficient and the divided fault levels, a corresponding fault assessment threshold is matched for each fault level, and the calculated fault assessment coefficient is compared with the set fault assessment threshold to determine the level of the fault.

7. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expression of the fault assessment coefficient is: ； in, is the fault assessment coefficient, To send performance trend index, is the electrical performance trend index, is the base value, and The historical average of is the adjustment coefficient used to control the speed of exponential decay. Rate the severity of the fault, is the maximum score of fault severity, The value range is between 0 and 1.

8. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of the fault levels correspond to a plurality of the fault evaluation thresholds, wherein the fault evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold; The multiple fault levels and the multiple fault evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Minor fault level ; General fault level ; Severe fault level ; Emergency fault level ; in, is the fault assessment coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the minor fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the general fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the general fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe fault level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe fault level and the upper threshold corresponding to the emergency fault level, , , .

9. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the countermeasure matching module, the countermeasure matching process includes: The countermeasure matching module receives the fault assessment results from the fault classification assessment module, including the fault type, location, severity, and fault level, and analyzes the specific characteristics of the fault based on the received fault assessment results, including the nature, impact range, and urgency of the fault; Based on the specific characteristics of the fault, analyze the cases and maintenance results in the historical maintenance database that are similar to the abnormal characteristics, including finding cases with the same or similar fault type, location, severity and fault level, and compare the retrieved cases, analyze the maintenance process, required resources, maintenance time and maintenance results, learn maintenance strategies from historical cases, and select corresponding countermeasures for the current fault; Based on the selected countermeasures, a detailed maintenance plan is generated, including maintenance steps, required tools and equipment, division of labor among maintenance personnel, and safety precautions. The maintenance plan is optimized and a maintenance guidance plan is output.

10. A power line carrier communication fault detection system according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the alarm module, the process of generating alarm information includes: The alarm module continuously collects the status data of the power system and matches the corresponding alarm warning measures for each fault level according to the preset fault level and fault urgency; For minor fault levels, general fault levels, serious fault levels and emergency fault levels, green, yellow, blue and red warning lights are emitted respectively, and alarm information is sent to the operator via SMS and email. The alarm information includes fault description, location information, recommended countermeasures and operator response requirements; The alarm module records the alarm information while sending it out, and monitors the operator's response through the alarm module. If the operator fails to respond within the specified time, a buzzer reminder will be further issued.

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