Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna disclosed by the invention comprises a first substrate; wherein the first substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate, the first dielectric substrate comprises a main substrate and a side substrate, the main substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the main substrate, and the side substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the side substrate; the second surface of the main substrate is connected with the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes out of the second surface of the main substrate; the first reference electrode layer is arranged on the first surface and the fourth surface; the at least one supporting assembly is arranged on the second surface; one radiation structure is arranged on the side, away from the main substrate, of one supporting assembly; at least one first feed line group, wherein one first feed line group is configured to feed power to one radiation structure; the first feed line group comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, the first feed line and the second feed line both extend to the supporting assembly from the second surface and are electrically connected with the radiation structure, and the polarization directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are different.

Description

Antennas and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and particularly relates to an antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of aesthetic antenna, transparent antennas are gradually being introduced into special application scenarios such as in-vehicle communications and signal coverage of buildings with large angles due to their excellent concealment and radiation performance that is not inferior to traditional antennas. Currently, the most common transparent antenna processing method is to use a transparent conductive film with a metal mesh process, and then attach it to the surface of a smooth transparent structural part using an optically clear adhesive (OCA) with excellent light transmittance, thereby realizing the antenna radiation element. Because common transparent antennas need to go through the transparent conductive film bonding process, the antenna implementation is often limited to a single layer or stacked patch form. This antenna form greatly restricts the achievable working bandwidth of the antenna.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an antenna and an electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna, which includes a first substrate; wherein,

[0006] The first substrate includes:

[0007] a first dielectric substrate comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, wherein the main substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and the side substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the second surface of the main substrate is connected to the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate;

[0008] a first reference electrode layer, disposed on the first surface and the fourth surface;

[0009] at least one support assembly disposed on the second surface;

[0010] at least one radiating structure, wherein one of the radiating structures is disposed on a side of the supporting component facing away from the main substrate;

[0011] At least one first feeder group, one first feeder group is configured to feed one of the radiating structures; the first feeder group includes a first feeder and a second feeder, the first feeder and the second feeder both extend from the second surface to the support assembly and are electrically connected to the radiating structure, and the first feeder and the second feeder have different polarization directions.

[0012] Wherein, the first substrate further includes:

[0013] a first feeding structure, disposed on the third surface, wherein a first feeding port of the first feeding structure is electrically connected to one of the first feeding lines;

[0014] The antenna further includes a second substrate, wherein the second substrate includes:

[0015] The second dielectric substrate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface disposed opposite to each other along a thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is disposed opposite to the fourth surface;

[0016] A second reference electrode layer is disposed on the fifth surface;

[0017] A second feeding structure is provided on the sixth surface, wherein a first feeding port of the second feeding structure is electrically connected to a second feeding line through a first connecting via; the first connecting via passes through the side substrate, the first reference electrode layer, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

[0018] The second reference electrode layer has a first opening, and a first connection electrode is provided in the first opening; the antenna further includes a first radio frequency line and a second radio frequency line;

[0019] The core of the first radio frequency line is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the first feeding structure through a second connecting via; the second connecting via passes through the second dielectric substrate, the second reference electrode layer, the first reference electrode layer and the side substrate;

[0020] The core of the second RF line is electrically connected to the first connection electrode through the third connection via, and the first connection electrode is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the second feeding structure through the fourth connection via; the third connection via and the fourth connection via both pass through the second dielectric substrate.

[0021] The antenna further includes a second opening, the second opening passes through the side substrate and the first reference electrode layer, and the core of the second radio frequency line passes through the second opening.

[0022] Wherein, the antenna further includes a first solder pad and a second solder pad;

[0023] The first pad is sleeved on the first RF line and electrically connected to the reference ground of the first RF line, and the first pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a fifth connecting via; the second pad is sleeved on the second RF line and electrically connected to the reference ground of the second RF line, and the second pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a sixth connecting via; the fifth connecting via and the sixth connecting via both pass through the second dielectric substrate.

[0024] Wherein, the second substrate is a printed circuit board.

[0025] Wherein, the first feeder includes a first main line, a first branch line and a second branch line; the second feeder includes a second main line, a third branch line and a fourth branch line;

[0026] For one of the first feeder lines, one end of the first main line is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the first feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are electrically connected to one of the radiating structures;

[0027] For one of the second feeder lines, one end of the second main line is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the second feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the third branch and the fourth branch, and the third branch and the fourth branch are electrically connected to one of the radiation structures.

[0028] In which, the support component includes a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a fourth support part arranged on the main substrate; a first laser carving pattern is formed on the first support part, a second laser carving pattern is formed on the second support part, a third laser carving pattern is formed on the third support part, and a fourth laser carving pattern is formed on the fourth support part; the first branch is formed on the first laser carving pattern, the second branch is formed on the second laser carving pattern, the third branch is formed on the third laser carving pattern, and the fourth branch is formed on the fourth laser carving pattern.

[0029] Wherein, the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part are all made of polycarbonate plastic or cycloolefin polymer plastic.

[0030] In which, the orthographic projections of the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part on the main substrate are T-shaped, and the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part all include a first part and a second part arranged on the main substrate and connected to each other; the first laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the first supporting part, the second laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the second supporting part, the third laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the third supporting part, and the fourth laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the fourth supporting part.

[0031] The second portion of the first supporting portion, the second portion of the second supporting portion, the second portion of the third supporting portion, and the second portion of the fourth supporting portion all have a protrusion on a side facing away from the first dielectric substrate, and the protrusion passes through the radiating structure and is fixed to the radiating structure.

[0032] The radiation structure includes a third dielectric substrate arranged opposite to the main substrate and a radiation layer arranged on the third dielectric substrate.

[0033] Wherein, the radiation layer is arranged on a side of the third dielectric substrate close to the main substrate.

[0034] Wherein, the radiation layer includes a metal grid structure.

[0035] The metal grid has a line width of 2-30 μm, a line spacing of 50-250 μm, and a line thickness of 1-10 μm.

[0036] Wherein, the third dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0037] The antenna further includes an antenna cover, and the first substrate is arranged in the antenna cover.

[0038] Wherein, the first dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0039] Wherein, the main substrate and the side substrate are an integrally formed structure.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising the antenna described in any one of the above items. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] FIG1 is a full view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG2 is a diagram showing the separation of the first substrate and the second substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at a first viewing angle.

[0043] FIG3 is a diagram showing the separation of the first substrate and the second substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at a second viewing angle.

[0044] FIG4 is an enlarged view of the feeding position on the second substrate of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG5 is a full view of one element of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG6 is a side view of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG7 is a top view of a first substrate of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a supporting assembly of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG9 is a top view of the radiation structure (radiation layer side) of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG10 is a top view of the radiation layer of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] FIG11 is a top view of the metal mesh structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the standing wave ratio characteristics of an oscillator in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the isolation characteristics of the vibrator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of gain characteristics of an oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing the standing wave ratio characteristics of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment.

[0056] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the isolation characteristics of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the gain characteristics of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0060] In a first aspect, as shown in Figures 1-11, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna comprising at least a first substrate. The first substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate 11, a first reference electrode layer 16, at least one support assembly 17, at least one radiating structure 13, and at least one feeder group. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the feeder groups and the support assembly 17 are each provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiating structure 13. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of feeder groups, support assemblies 17, and radiating structures 13 is four, but it should be understood that this does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Among them, one radiating structure 13 and one feeder group connected thereto constitute an oscillator, that is, the antenna includes four oscillators.

[0061] Specifically, the first dielectric substrate 11 in the first substrate comprises a main substrate 111 and a side substrate 112. The main substrate 111 has a first surface M1 and a second surface M2 disposed opposite each other along its thickness, while the side substrate 112 has a third surface M3 and a fourth surface M4 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The second surface M2 of the main substrate 111 is connected to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112, and the side substrate 112 protrudes from the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. In other words, the first dielectric substrate 11 is an L-shaped substrate. The first reference electrode layer 16 is disposed on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 111 and the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. The support assembly 17 is disposed on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. The radiating structure 13 is disposed on the side of the support assembly 17 facing away from the main substrate 111. Each feeder group includes two feeders: a first feeder 141 and a second feeder 142. Both the first feeder 141 and the second feeder 142 in the feeder group extend from the second surface M2 to the support assembly 17, where they are electrically connected to the radiating structure 13. Among them, the polarization directions of the first feeder 141 and the second feeder 142 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are different, that is, a dual-polarized antenna can be realized. It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 7, the first feeder 141 and the second feeder 142 in the feeder group in the embodiment of the present disclosure are both one-to-two power dividers. Among them, the first feeder 141 includes a first main path 141a, a first branch 141b and a second branch 141c; the second feeder 142 includes a second main path 142a, a third branch 142b and a fourth branch 142c. The first main path 141a is configured to be electrically connected to the first feeding structure 15, and the second main path 142a is configured to be electrically connected to the second feeding structure 22. The first main path 141a electrically connects the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c. The first branch 141b and the second branch 141c both extend to the extension support assembly 17 and are electrically connected to the radiating structure 13. The second main path 142a electrically connects the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c. The third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c both extend to the extension support assembly 17 and are electrically connected to the radiating structure 13. The first branch 141b and the second branch 141c have a phase difference of 180° (points A and B in the figure), and the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c have a phase difference of 180°. In this case, the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve ±45° polarization. The embodiment of the present disclosure only takes the realization of ±45° as an example, but it should be understood that the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure can also achieve other polarization directions, which are not listed here.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by arranging the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 on the support assembly 17, the original routing arranged on the horizontal plane is changed to a vertical routing design, which improves the transmittance of the antenna and increases the freedom of antenna design, helping the antenna to achieve large bandwidth and high isolation.

[0063] In some examples, the antenna of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes not only the above-mentioned structure, but also includes a first feeding structure 15 and a second feeding structure 22, wherein the first feeding structure 15 is configured to feed the first feed line 141 in each feed line group, and the second feeding structure 22 is configured to feed the second feed line 142 in each feed line group.

[0064] In one example, as shown in Figure 2 , the first feed structure 15 is integrated into the first substrate, and the second feed structure 22 is integrated into the second substrate 2. Specifically, the first feed structure 15 can be disposed on the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112. Since the antenna includes four radiating structures 13, the first feed structure 15 can employ a one-to-four power splitter, that is, having one second feed port and four first feed ports. In this case, each second feed port of the first feed structure 15 is connected to its corresponding first feed line 141 (first main path 141a). As shown in Figure 3 , the second substrate 2 can specifically include a second dielectric substrate 21, a second reference electrode layer 23, and a second feed structure 22. The second dielectric substrate 21 includes a fifth surface M5 and a sixth surface M6 disposed opposite each other. The second reference electrode layer 23 of the second dielectric substrate 21 is disposed on the fifth surface M5 and opposite the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. The second feeding structure 22 is disposed on the sixth surface M6 of the second dielectric substrate 21. The second feeding structure 22 can also employ a one-to-four power splitter, i.e., having one second feeding port and four first feeding ports. In this case, each second feeding port of the second feeding structure 22 is connected to a corresponding second feed line 142 (first main path 141a) via a first connecting via 101. The first connecting via 101 extends through the side substrate 112, the first reference electrode layer 16, the second reference electrode, and the second dielectric substrate 21.

[0065] Furthermore, the antenna also includes a first RF line 3 and a second RF line 4 , the core of the first RF line 3 is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the first feeding structure 15 , and the core of the second RF line 4 is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the second feeding structure 22 .

[0066] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the second reference electrode layer 23 has a first opening 51, within which a first connection electrode 231 is disposed. The core of the first RF line 3 is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the first feed structure 15 via a second connection via 102. The second connection via 102 extends through the second dielectric substrate 21, the second reference electrode layer 23, the first reference electrode layer 16, and the side substrate 112. The core of the second RF line 4 is electrically connected to the first connection electrode 231 via a third connection via 103, and the first connection electrode 231 is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the second feed structure 22 via a fourth connection via 104. Both the third connection via 103 and the fourth connection via 104 extend through the second dielectric substrate 21. The antenna also includes a second opening 52, which extends through the side substrate 112 and the first reference electrode layer 16. The core of the second RF line 4 passes through the second opening 52, serving as a clearance for the core of the second RF line 4.

[0067] Furthermore, as shown in FIG4 , the antenna further includes a first solder pad and a second solder pad. The first solder pad is disposed on the first RF line 3 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the first RF line 3. The first solder pad is also electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 via a fifth connecting via 105. The second solder pad is disposed on the second RF line 4 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the second RF line 4. The second solder pad is also electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 via a sixth connecting via 106. Both the fifth connecting via 105 and the sixth connecting via 106 extend through the second dielectric substrate 21. By electrically connecting the reference ground of the first RF line 3 to the second reference electrode layer 23 via the first solder pad, and by electrically connecting the reference ground of the second RF line 4 to the second reference electrode layer 23 via the second solder pad, there is no need to separately provide signal lines to apply voltage to the reference grounds of the first RF line 3 and the second RF line 4, thereby reducing wiring.

[0068] In some examples, the first feeding structure 15 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be formed on the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112 by laser etching and chemical plating.

[0069] In some examples, as shown in Figure 8, the support assembly 17 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a fourth support part arranged on the main substrate 111; a first laser carving pattern is formed on the first support part, a second laser carving pattern is formed on the second support part, a third laser carving pattern is formed on the third support part, and a fourth laser carving pattern is formed on the fourth support part; the first branch 141b is formed on the first laser carving pattern, the second branch 141c is formed on the second laser carving pattern, the third branch 142b is formed on the third laser carving pattern, and the fourth branch 142c is formed on the fourth laser carving pattern. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when forming the first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c, it is necessary to first form the grooves of the subsequent first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c by laser engraving in the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part, that is, to form the first laser engraving pattern, the second laser engraving pattern, the third laser engraving pattern and the fourth laser engraving pattern, and then form a conductive material in the first laser engraving pattern, the second laser engraving pattern, the third laser engraving pattern and the fourth laser engraving pattern respectively by methods including but not limited to chemical plating to form the first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c.

[0070] Furthermore, the first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion in the embodiment of the present disclosure are all made of plastic material, specifically polycarbonate plastic or cycloolefin polymer plastic.

[0071] Furthermore, the orthographic projections of the first, second, third, and fourth support portions of the disclosed embodiment on the main substrate 111 are T-shaped. Each of the first, second, third, and fourth support portions includes a first portion 171 and a second portion 172 disposed on the first dielectric substrate 11 and connected to each other. A first laser engraved pattern is formed on the first portion 171 of the first support portion, a second laser engraved pattern is formed on the first portion 171 of the second support portion, a third laser engraved pattern is formed on the first portion 171 of the third support portion, and a fourth laser engraved pattern is formed on the first portion 171 of the fourth support portion. This structure provides a rib structure for the first, second, third, and fourth support portions, thereby more securely securing the radiating structure 13.

[0072] Furthermore, as shown in FIG9 , the second portion 172 of the first supporting portion, the second portion 172 of the second supporting portion, the second portion 172 of the third supporting portion, and the second portion 172 of the fourth supporting portion each have a protrusion 173 on the side facing away from the first dielectric substrate 11. The protrusion 173 penetrates the radiating structure 13 and is fixed to the radiating structure 13. In other words, the radiating structure 13 is provided with four fixing holes 130. The protrusions on the second portion 172 of the first supporting portion, the second portion 172 of the second supporting portion, the second portion 172 of the third supporting portion, and the second portion 172 of the fourth supporting portion respectively pass through the corresponding fixing holes 130, thereby effectively fixing the radiating structure 13 to the support assembly 17.

[0073] In some examples, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the radiating structure 13 includes a third dielectric substrate 131 disposed opposite the main substrate 111, and a radiating layer 132 disposed on the third dielectric substrate 131. Specifically, the radiating layer 132 can be disposed on a side of the third dielectric substrate 131 that is closer to the main substrate 111. It should be noted that a certain gap 100 is provided between the radiating layer 132 and the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feeder 141, as well as the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the second feeder 142. This allows the radiating layer 132 to be electrically connected to the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feeder 141, as well as the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c of the second feeder 142, by coupling.

[0074] Furthermore, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a transparent antenna, and the radiation layer 132 can be a metal grid structure. Of course, the second reference electrode layer 23, the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can all adopt a metal grid structure.

[0075] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11, the metal grid structure in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first metal wires arranged crosswise and a plurality of second metal wires arranged crosswise. The first metal wires are arranged side by side along the first direction and extend along the second direction; the second metal wires are arranged side by side along the first direction and extend along the third direction. The extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal grid structure may be perpendicular to each other, in which case a positive direction or a rectangular hollow portion is formed. Of course, the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal grid may be non-vertical, for example: the angle between the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires is 45°, in which case a diamond-shaped hollow portion is formed.

[0076] In some examples, the line width, line thickness, and line spacing of the first and second metal lines of the metal mesh structure are preferably identical, but can also be different. For example, the line width W1 of the first and second metal lines can be approximately 1-30 μm, the line spacing W2 can be approximately 50-250 μm, and the line thickness can be approximately 0.5-10 μm. The metal mesh in the disclosed embodiments can be formed on a flexible substrate using processes including, but not limited to, embossing or etching, and then attached to the first dielectric substrate 11 / third dielectric substrate 131.

[0077] In some examples, the first dielectric substrate 11 and the third dielectric substrate 131 serve as supports for flexible substrates, where the materials include, but are not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or acrylic / organic glass (PMMA). Furthermore, transparent optical adhesive can be used to bond the first and second flexible substrates to the first dielectric substrate 11. Similarly, transparent optical adhesive can be used to bond the third flexible substrate to the third dielectric substrate 131.

[0078] In some examples, the antenna includes not only the aforementioned structure but also a radome. The first substrate, second substrate 2, and third substrate of the antenna are all located within the radome's housing. The first and third substrates are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the radome, for example, using optically clear adhesive (OCA) to adhere the first and third substrates to the upper and lower surfaces of the radome. Specifically, the radome includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite each other. A first dielectric substrate 11 having a first reference electrode layer 16 is disposed on a side of the first substrate proximate to the second substrate 2, and a radiating structure 13 is disposed on a side of the second substrate proximate to the first substrate.

[0079] Furthermore, the material of the radome may include plastic, such as polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or acrylic / organic glass (PMMA).

[0080] In some examples, the first connection via 101, the second connection via 102, the third connection via 103, the fourth connection via 104, the fifth connection via 105 and the sixth connection via 106 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may all be conductive holes, which may be filled with conductive parts such as copper needles.

[0081] In some examples, the antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a transparent antenna, which can be used in glass window systems including, but not limited to, automobiles, trains (including high-speed trains), airplanes, and buildings. The transparent antenna can be fixed to the inside of the glass window (the side closest to the interior). Due to the high optical transmittance of the transparent antenna, it can achieve communication functions while having a minimal impact on the transmittance of the glass window. Such transparent antennas are also becoming a trend in aesthetically pleasing antennas.

[0082] The dimensions of an oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure are 80mm×80mm×18mm (0.67λc×0.67λc×0.15λc, where λc is the wavelength of the center frequency). An oscillator refers to a radiation structure 13 and a first feeder 141 and a second feeder 142 connected thereto. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the standing wave ratio characteristics of an oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 12, the oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure meets the operating bandwidth of VSWR<1.5 of 2300~2700MHz, and the relative bandwidth is higher than 16%. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the isolation characteristics of the oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 13, the oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve an ultra-high isolation characteristic higher than 34.5dB within the operating frequency of 2300~2700MHz, which greatly improves the anti-crosstalk characteristics of the dual-polarization oscillator. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the gain characteristics of the oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 14, the oscillator in the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve a radiation gain higher than 8.2dBi within the operating frequency.

[0083] To better understand the performance of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna shown in Figure 1 is simulated. The antenna is composed of a 1×4 dipole array with dimensions of 320mm×75mm×18mm (2.67λc×0.625λc×0.15λc). The antenna includes a first substrate, a second substrate 2, a first radio frequency line 3, and a second radio frequency line 4. The first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 11, a first reference electrode layer 16, four support components 17, four radiating structures 13, and four feeder groups. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the feeder groups and support components 17 are each provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiating structure 13. The first dielectric substrate 11 of the first substrate is an L-shaped substrate, comprising a main substrate 111 and a side substrate 112. The main substrate 111 has a first surface M1 and a second surface M2 disposed opposite each other along its thickness, while the side substrate 112 has a third surface M3 and a fourth surface M4 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The second surface M2 of the main substrate 111 is connected to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112, and the side substrate 112 protrudes from the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. A first reference electrode layer 16 is disposed on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 111 and the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. A support assembly 17 is disposed on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. The radiating structure 13 is disposed on the side of the support assembly 17 facing away from the main substrate 111. Each feed line group includes two feed lines: a first feed line 141 and a second feed line 142. Both the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 in the feed line group extend from the second surface M2 to the support assembly 17, where they are electrically connected to the radiating structure 13. The first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 are both one-to-two power splitters. The first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feed line 141 are 180° out of phase with each other, and the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c of the second feed line 142 are 180° out of phase with each other. The first feed structure 15 is integrated into the first substrate, and the second feed structure 22 is integrated into the second substrate 2. The first feed structure 15 and the second feed structure 22 both use one-to-four power splitters. The core of the first RF line 3 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the first feed structure 15, and the core of the second RF line 4 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the second feed structure 22. The first pad is sleeved on the first RF line 3 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the first RF line 3. The first pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through the fifth connecting via 105. The second pad is sleeved on the second RF line 4 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the second RF line 4. The second pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through the sixth connecting via 106. The fifth connecting via 105 and the sixth connecting via 106 both pass through the second dielectric substrate 21.

[0084] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the standing wave ratio characteristics of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment; as shown in Figure 15, the antenna of the disclosed embodiment can also achieve an operating frequency of 2300 to 2700 MHz after being arrayed with broadband oscillators. Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the isolation characteristics of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment; as shown in Figure 16, the antenna of the disclosed embodiment can achieve a high isolation characteristic of more than 26 dB overall within the operating frequency band. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the gain characteristics of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment; as shown in Figure 17, the antenna of the disclosed embodiment can achieve an excellent gain characteristic of more than 12.8 dBi within the operating frequency, ensuring the signal strength of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment in signal coverage.

[0085] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes any of the above-mentioned antennas.

[0086] In some examples, the antenna also includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the communication device can be used as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, such as 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and sends signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the communication system receives the signal, it can be processed by the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0087] Furthermore, a radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals sent by the transceiver unit or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna and transmit them back to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these various types of signals provided by the baseband and then transmit them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver. The receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signal and transmits it to the receiving end.

[0088] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit, which is connected to at least one antenna. When the communication system transmits signals, the signal amplifier is used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, filters out noise, and then transmits them to the antenna, which radiates the signal. When the communication system receives signals, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the signal received by the antenna and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier amplifies the signal received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier before being transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0089] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited herein.

[0090] In some examples, the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying a signal.

[0091] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising a first substrate; wherein: The first substrate comprises: A first dielectric substrate, comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, wherein the main substrate has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along a thickness direction thereof, and the side substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other along a thickness direction thereof; the second surface of the main substrate is connected to the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate; A first reference electrode layer, disposed on the first surface and the fourth surface; at least one support assembly disposed on the second surface; at least one radiating structure, wherein one of the radiating structures is disposed on a side of the supporting component away from the main substrate; At least one first feeder group, one of the first feeder groups is configured to feed one of the radiating structures; the first feeder group includes a first feeder and a second feeder, the first feeder and the second feeder both extend from the second surface to the supporting assembly and are electrically connected to the radiating structure, and the first feeder and the second feeder have different polarization directions.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first substrate further comprises: A first feeding structure is arranged on the third surface, and a first feeding port of the first feeding structure is electrically connected to one of the first feeding lines; The antenna further includes a second substrate, wherein the second substrate includes: The second dielectric substrate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is arranged opposite to the fourth surface; A second reference electrode layer is disposed on the fifth surface; A second feeding structure is arranged on the sixth surface, and a first feeding port of the second feeding structure is electrically connected to a second feeding line through a first connecting via hole; the first connecting via hole passes through the side substrate, the first reference electrode layer, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The second reference electrode layer has a first opening, and a first connection electrode is arranged in the first opening; the antenna also includes a first radio frequency line and a second radio frequency line; The core of the first radio frequency line is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the first feeding structure through a second connecting via hole; the second connecting via hole penetrates the second dielectric substrate, the second reference electrode layer, the first reference electrode layer and the side substrate; The core of the second RF line is electrically connected to the first connection electrode through the third connection via, and the first connection electrode is electrically connected to the second feeding port of the second feeding structure through the fourth connection via; the third connection via and the fourth connection via both penetrate the second dielectric substrate.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The device further includes a second opening, wherein the second opening penetrates the side substrate and the first reference electrode layer, and the core of the second radio frequency line passes through the second opening.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: Also includes a first pad and a second pad; The first pad is sleeved on the first RF line and electrically connected to the reference ground of the first RF line, and the first pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a fifth connecting via; the second pad is sleeved on the second RF line and electrically connected to the reference ground of the second RF line, and the second pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a sixth connecting via; the fifth connecting via and the sixth connecting via both pass through the second dielectric substrate.

6. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The second substrate is a printed circuit board.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The first feeder includes a first main line, a first branch line and a second branch line; the second feeder includes a second main line, a third branch line and a fourth branch line; For one of the first feeder lines, one end of the first main line is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the first feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are electrically connected to one of the radiation structures; For the second feeder line, one end of the second main line is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the second feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the third branch and the fourth branch, and the third branch The fourth branch is electrically connected to one of the radiation structures.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The support assembly includes a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a fourth support part arranged on the main substrate; a first laser carving pattern is formed on the first support part, a second laser carving pattern is formed on the second support part, a third laser carving pattern is formed on the third support part, and a fourth laser carving pattern is formed on the fourth support part; the first branch is formed on the first laser carving pattern, the second branch is formed on the second laser carving pattern, the third branch is formed on the third laser carving pattern, and the fourth branch is formed on the fourth laser carving pattern.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein: The first supporting portion, the second supporting portion, the third supporting portion and the fourth supporting portion are all made of polycarbonate plastic or cycloolefin polymer plastic.

10. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein: The orthographic projections of the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part on the main substrate are T-shaped, and the first supporting part, the second supporting part, the third supporting part and the fourth supporting part each include a first part and a second part which are arranged on the main substrate and connected to each other; the first laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the first supporting part, the second laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the second supporting part, the third laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the third supporting part, and the fourth laser engraving pattern is formed on the first part of the fourth supporting part.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein: The second part of the first supporting part, the second part of the second supporting part, the second part of the third supporting part and the second part of the fourth supporting part all have a protrusion on one side away from the first dielectric substrate, and the protrusion passes through the radiation structure and is fixed to the radiation structure.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The radiation structure includes a third dielectric substrate arranged opposite to the main substrate and a radiation layer arranged on the third dielectric substrate.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein: The radiation layer is arranged on a side of the third dielectric substrate close to the main substrate.

14. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein: The radiation layer includes a metal mesh structure.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein: The metal grid has a line width of 2-30 μm, a line spacing of 50-250 μm, and a line thickness of 1-10 μm.

16. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein: The third dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: It also includes a radome, in which the first substrate is disposed.

18. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The first dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

19. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The main substrate and the side substrate are an integrally formed structure.

20. An electronic device comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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