A grinding wheel for heavy-duty screw grinding and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application provides a grinding wheel for screw force grinding and a use method thereof, which comprises a grinding wheel base body and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base body; and a plurality of cross sections are arranged on a grinding surface of the grinding wheel, wherein the cross sections comprise coarse grinding cross sections and fine grinding cross sections arranged in sequence. The grinding wheel is arranged as a coarse and fine integrated structure, coarse and fine integrated grinding can be realized, repeated positioning errors are eliminated, the process is simplified, and the machining precision and efficiency are improved. A plurality of grinding cross sections are arranged, the cross sections adopt different particle sizes, the coarse grinding cross sections and the fine grinding cross sections are formed, and the coarse and fine integrated grinding effect is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of superhard materials, and particularly relates to a high-pressure transmission structure for a cubic press. BACKGROUND

[0002] The steering screw is a key component in the automobile steering system, and the quality of the product directly determines the reliability and safety of the automobile. When the screw is working, the ball contacts the nut to generate rolling friction, and impact occurs from time to time. In severe cases, the steering gear may be locked, causing serious accidents. Therefore, the steering screw is required to have good wear resistance and impact toughness, which is closely related to the processing technology of the screw.

[0003] In the processing of the steering screw raceway, grinding is one of the key processes. Improper grinding process directly affects the shape accuracy and surface quality of the raceway. At present, the grinding process of the steering screw raceway mostly uses a coarse grinding wheel for rough grinding, and then uses a fine grinding wheel for fine grinding. This grinding process needs to repeatedly clamp the workpiece and perform tool setting during the processing, which will cause time waste and clamping errors, resulting in low processing efficiency and low processing accuracy.

[0004] The utility model patent with publication date 2020.10.09 and publication number CN 211639482 U discloses a composite grinding wheel, which comprises a coarse grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel. The abrasive particle size of the coarse grinding wheel is larger than that of the fine grinding wheel. The coarse grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel are coaxially connected, and the fine grinding wheel is arranged outside the coarse grinding wheel along the axial direction. The radius of the coarse grinding wheel is larger than that of the fine grinding wheel. Along the axial direction of the composite grinding wheel, the outer side end surface of the coarse grinding wheel forms a first grinding surface, and the outer side end surface of the fine grinding wheel forms a second grinding surface. The coarse grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel of the composite grinding wheel grind the parts respectively. The first grinding surface on the coarse grinding wheel first coarsely grinds the part end surface. After coarse grinding, the part is moved to the outer side end surface of the fine grinding wheel, and the second grinding surface on the fine grinding wheel finely grinds the part end surface. The composite grinding wheel can coarsely grind and finely grind the processed parts by the fine grinding wheel and the coarse grinding wheel in one clamping. However, the patent is composed of two grinding wheels, and it is not suitable for grinding the screw.

[0005] The invention application file with publication date 2015.11.04 and publication number CN 105014561 A discloses a durable grinding wheel, which comprises an annular base body with a mounting hole in the center. One side surface of the annular base body is provided with a fine grinding layer made of precise abrasive material. The other side surface of the annular base body is provided with a coarse grinding layer made of rough abrasive material. A crack prevention layer is arranged between the fine grinding layer and the annular base body. A crack prevention layer is also arranged between the coarse grinding layer and the annular base body. However, the grinding wheel in the invention application cannot be used for grinding the screw.

[0006] The utility model discloses a kind of improved combined grinding wheel structure, which is disclosed in Utility Model Announcement Date 2009.7.1, Announcement No.CN 201264220Y, which can effectively improve the grinding accuracy of polycrystalline silicon and single crystal silicon workpieces and ensure processing efficiency.The combined grinding wheel structure includes parallel grinding wheel body, coarse grinding wheel layer and fine grinding wheel layer, the coarse grinding wheel layer and the fine grinding wheel layer are sequentially installed on the outer circumferential surface of the parallel grinding wheel body along the grinding wheel feeding direction, and it further includes a semi-fine grinding wheel layer, which is arranged between the coarse grinding wheel layer and the fine grinding wheel layer.However, the grinding wheel in the invention application cannot be applied to the grinding of screw rods. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the problem of lacking a rough and fine grinding integrated grinding wheel for screw rods in the prior art, the present application provides a grinding wheel for strong grinding of screw rods and a method for using the same.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0009] A grinding wheel for strong grinding of screw rods includes a grinding wheel base and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base, and a plurality of cross-sections are arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, including coarse grinding cross-sections and fine grinding cross-sections arranged in sequence.The present application can realize rough and fine grinding integrated grinding by arranging the grinding wheel as a rough and fine grinding integrated structure, which eliminates repeated positioning errors, simplifies the process, improves processing accuracy and efficiency, and sets multiple grinding cross-sections with different particle sizes to form coarse grinding cross-sections and fine grinding cross-sections, thereby achieving the function of rough and fine grinding integrated grinding.

[0010] Further, to improve grinding accuracy, the cross-sections include first fine grinding cross-sections, second fine grinding cross-sections, first coarse grinding cross-sections and second coarse grinding cross-sections arranged in sequence.

[0011] Further, to enable each cross-section to grind the screw rod in sequence and improve grinding accuracy in sequence, the height of the first fine grinding cross-section is greater than that of the second fine grinding cross-section, the height of the second fine grinding cross-section is greater than that of the first coarse grinding cross-section, and the height of the first coarse grinding cross-section is greater than that of the second coarse grinding cross-section.

[0012] Further, to set appropriate height differences to grind appropriate cross-section sizes, the height difference between the first fine grinding cross-section and the second fine grinding cross-section is A, A ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm; the height difference between the first fine grinding cross-section and the first coarse grinding cross-section is B, B ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm; and the height difference between the first fine grinding cross-section and the second coarse grinding cross-section is C, C ranges from 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.

[0013] Further, in order to set a proper granularity so as to grind a proper precision each time, the granularity of the first and second fine grinding profiles ranges from 80 / 100 to 200 / 230, and the granularity of the first and second coarse grinding profiles ranges from 25 / 30 to 70 / 80.

[0014] Further, in order to obtain optimal grinding precision, A is 0.21 mm, B is 0.42 mm, and C is 0.63 mm; the granularity of the first and second fine grinding profiles is 120 / 140; and the granularity of the first and second coarse grinding profiles is 40 / 45.

[0015] Further, in order to make the profile and the profile have higher hardness, thereby improving the grinding precision and prolonging the service life of the electroplated layer, the material of the electroplated layer is cubic boron nitride.

[0016] Further, in order to facilitate the mounting and fixing of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the grinding wheel, a shaft shoulder is arranged in the mounting hole, and a circle of fixing holes is arranged around the mounting hole on the grinding wheel.

[0017] Further, in order to make the grinding wheel and the screw rod be arranged at an included angle, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is arranged obliquely.

[0018] Further, in order to grind the screw rod, the profiles are all raceway profiles.

[0019] Further, in order to facilitate the clamping of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the grinding wheel, and a ring table extending inwardly is arranged in the mounting hole to form a shaft shoulder.

[0020] Further, in order to facilitate the fixing of the grinding wheel, a circle of fixing holes for fixing the grinding wheel is arranged around the mounting hole on the grinding wheel.

[0021] Further, in order to more conveniently and quickly fix the grinding wheel clamped on the screw rod grinding machine tool, the fixing hole is a threaded hole.

[0022] Further, the use method of the grinding wheel for strong grinding of the screw rod according to any one of the above, comprises the following steps: clamping the grinding wheel on a screw rod grinding machine tool, and the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the screw rod to be processed form an included angle γ; the grinding wheel and the screw rod to be processed adopt reverse grinding; the screw rod grinding machine tool controls the screw rod to move axially while rotating, and the screw rod to be processed and the grinding wheel form meshing motion. Through the working of the screw rod grinding machine tool, the screw rod is controlled to move axially while rotating, and meshing motion is formed with the screw rod grinding wheel, so that the grinding of the raceway of the screw rod is realized.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0024] 1. By designing the grinding wheel as an integrated roughing and finishing structure, this invention enables integrated roughing and finishing grinding, simplifying the process and improving machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0025] 2. This invention achieves the effect of integrated rough and fine grinding by setting multiple grinding profiles with different grit sizes to form coarse grinding profiles and fine grinding profiles;

[0026] 3. The fine grinding allowance of the present invention is controlled by the height difference A, B, and C of the grinding wheel profile. Compared with the traditional grinding process, the grinding allowance is more precisely controlled, which can improve the surface quality of the workpiece, reduce the machining allowance, and reduce the machining cost.

[0027] 4. In this invention, the fine grinding profile and the rough grinding profile on the grinding wheel are arranged according to the feed direction of the grinding wheel relative to the screw. The fine grinding profile is arranged after the rough grinding profile, and the profile with the highest height is arranged after the profile with the lowest height. This allows the fine grinding profile to grind the rough-ground thread again, thereby improving the grinding accuracy.

[0028] 5. This invention further improves the grinding accuracy of the screw by setting two rough grinding profiles and two fine grinding profiles on the grinding wheel to grind the screw in sequence;

[0029] 6. This invention controls the screw to move axially while rotating through the machine tool movement, forming a meshing motion with the screw grinding wheel to achieve the grinding of the screw raceway;

[0030] 7. Compared with the traditional grinding process of rough grinding followed by fine grinding, which requires repeated clamping of the workpiece, this screw grinding wheel only needs to clamp the workpiece once to achieve integrated rough and fine grinding, reducing the number of clamping operations, eliminating repeated positioning errors, and further improving processing accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electroplated layer structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel base of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals in the drawings:

[0037] 100, electroplated layer, 101, first fine grinding profile, 102, second fine grinding profile, 103, first coarse grinding profile, 104, second coarse grinding profile, 200, grinding wheel base, 201, mounting hole, 202, shaft shoulder, 203, fixing hole, 204, grinding wheel base profile, 300, screw to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1-4 The grinding wheel for screw force grinding according to Embodiment 1 of the present application comprises a grinding wheel base 200 and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base 200. The grinding surface of the grinding wheel is provided with several profiles, which include coarse grinding profiles and fine grinding profiles, thereby forming a grinding wheel with a coarse-fine integrated structure. The coarse grinding profiles and the fine grinding profiles are arranged in sequence, so that coarse grinding and fine grinding can be completed at one time. According to the feeding direction of the grinding wheel relative to the screw, the fine grinding profiles are arranged behind the coarse grinding profiles. The screw is first coarsely processed by the coarse grinding profiles, and then the threads on the screw are finely processed by the fine grinding profiles, thereby obtaining a screw with high precision. The grinding wheel is provided with a coarse-fine integrated structure, so that coarse-fine integrated grinding can be realized. The coarse grinding profiles and the fine grinding profiles are arranged in sequence according to the grinding feeding direction, so that the coarse-fine integrated grinding can be realized by clamping the workpiece only once, the clamping frequency is reduced, the repeated positioning error is eliminated, the processing precision and efficiency are improved, the process is simplified, and the cost is saved.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the electroplated layer is arranged on the grinding wheel base profile 204 of the grinding wheel base 200, that is, the electroplated layer is arranged on the grinding wheel base 200 corresponding to the grinding surface, and the grinding wheel base profile 204 is provided with the electroplated layer, and the grinding wheel base profile 204 is also the electroplated area of the grinding wheel. The size and shape of the grinding wheel base profile 204 are related to the structure of the electroplated layer 100, the electroplating process and the grinding wheel dressing amount, and generally the size of the grinding wheel base profile 204 is reduced by 90%-140% of the abrasive size. In the embodiment, the size and shape of the grinding wheel base profile 204 are equal to the size and shape of the electroplated layer 100, and the size is reduced by 110% of the abrasive size, and the width is 30mm. In the embodiment, the material of the electroplated layer is CBN, that is, cubic boron nitride. In other embodiments, the material of the electroplated layer can be other materials with high hardness. In other embodiments, the size and shape of the grinding wheel base profile 204 can be greater than 110% of the abrasive size or less than 110% of the abrasive size, and the width can be greater than 30mm or less than 30mm. The grinding wheel of the present application forms a plurality of cross-sections including rough grinding cross-section and fine grinding cross-section on the grinding wheel base 200 after arranging the electroplated layer on the grinding wheel base profile 204, thereby achieving rough and fine grinding of the screw rod, and further improving the grinding precision and service life of the grinding wheel.

[0041] In addition, as shown in Figure 3 In order to facilitate clamping of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole 201 is arranged in the middle of the grinding wheel, the mounting hole 201 is coaxially arranged with the axial direction of the grinding wheel, and a ring table is arranged in the mounting hole 201 to form a shaft shoulder 202 extending radially inward, thereby achieving installation and positioning.

[0042] Further, as shown in Figure 3 A plurality of fixing holes 203 are uniformly arranged around the mounting hole 201 on the grinding wheel, and the fixing holes 203 are uniformly distributed at equal angles with the axis of the grinding wheel as the center. The fixing holes 203 are used for fixing the grinding wheel. In the embodiment, the fixing holes are threaded holes, so that the grinding wheel clamped on the screw grinding machine is more convenient and fast to be fixed by bolts or screws.

[0043] Embodiment 2, which is different from embodiment 1, is that the cross-sections are all raceway cross-sections. The cross-sections can adopt single circular arc cross-section and / or Gothic circular arc cross-section or other shapes.

[0044] Embodiment 3, which is different from embodiment 2, is that the cross-sections include a first fine grinding cross-section 101, a second fine grinding cross-section 102, a first rough grinding cross-section 103 and a second rough grinding cross-section 104 arranged in sequence, as shown in Figure 2As shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the various cross-sectional shapes in the figure represent the electroplated layer on the grinding wheel substrate profile 204. According to the direction of movement of the grinding wheel relative to the screw 300 to be processed, the second rough grinding cross-section 104 is first, followed by the first rough grinding cross-section 103, then the second fine grinding cross-section 102 and the first fine grinding cross-section 101 in sequence. The second rough grinding cross-section 104 first performs the initial rough grinding on the thread of the screw, and then the first rough grinding cross-section 103 performs the second rough grinding on the thread. After rough grinding, the second fine grinding cross-section 102 immediately performs the first fine grinding on the screw, and then the first fine grinding cross-section 101 performs the second fine grinding on the screw. The screw thread is roughed twice by two rough grinding cross-sections, and then finely ground by two fine grinding teeth, improving the machining accuracy of the thread while performing rough and fine grinding in one process.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the cross-section adopts a Gothic circular arc cross-section. The four Gothic circular arc cross-sections have different heights, and the electroplated abrasive grit sizes are also different. The height of the first fine grinding cross-section 101 is greater than that of the second fine grinding cross-section 102, the height of the second fine grinding cross-section 102 is greater than that of the first rough grinding cross-section 103, and the height of the first rough grinding cross-section 103 is greater than that of the second rough grinding cross-section 104. This allows the grinding wheel to remain in its basic position while the screw moves along its own axis for feeding, with each cross-section sequentially grinding the screw.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the height difference between the first fine grinding profile 101 and the second fine grinding profile 102 is A, the height difference between the first fine grinding profile 101 and the first rough grinding profile 103 is B, and the height difference between the first fine grinding profile 101 and the second rough grinding profile 104 is C. The height differences A, B, and C are related to the grit size of the abrasive wheel and the material of the workpiece being ground. In this invention, the range of A is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm; the range of B is 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm; and the range of C is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.

[0047] Furthermore, the particle size range of the first fine grinding profile 101 and the second fine grinding profile 102 is 80 / 100~200 / 230, and the particle size range of the first coarse grinding profile 103 and the second coarse grinding profile 104 is 25 / 30~70 / 80. Here, 80 / 100, 200 / 230, 25 / 30, and 70 / 80 each represent a particle size.

[0048] Example 4 differs from Example 3 in that, in this example, the height difference A between the first fine grinding section 101 and the second fine grinding section 102 is 0.21 mm, the height difference B between the first fine grinding section 101 and the first rough grinding section 103 is 0.42 mm, and the height difference C between the first fine grinding section 101 and the second rough grinding section 104 is 0.63 mm.

[0049] Furthermore, the particle size of the first fine grinding profile 101 and the second fine grinding profile 102 is 120 / 140; the particle size of the first coarse grinding profile 103 and the second coarse grinding profile 104 is 40 / 45.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the mounting hole 201 of the grinding wheel provides radial positioning for grinding wheel installation, and its diameter is φ157mm; the shoulder 202 provides axial positioning for grinding wheel, and its diameter is φ152mm. The thickness of the shoulder 202 is 5mm, that is, the thickness of the annular platform extending radially inward from the mounting hole 201 is 5mm. The fixing hole 203 is the mounting and fixing hole for the grinding wheel, and the size of the fixing hole 203 is M8mm.

[0051] In addition, in this embodiment, the left and right radii of the four cross-shaped Gothic arcs are 2.21 mm, and the left and right center distances are 0.161 mm.

[0052] In other embodiments, the height differences A, B, and C of the four cross sections and the granularity of the four cross sections may be other values. The diameter of the mounting hole 201, the diameter and thickness of the shoulder 202, and the size of the fixing hole 203 may be other dimensions.

[0053] Example 5, as Figure 4 As shown, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is inclined, so that the grinding wheel is inclined relative to the screw to grind the screw.

[0054] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Example 6: The grinding wheel is prepared using the following process:

[0056] S1: The base material is 40Cr. The base is roughed using conventional methods. The processing equipment includes, but is not limited to, turning, milling, drilling, etc. The grinding wheel base surface 204 is machined by CNC turning. The mounting hole 201 and the end face of the shoulder 202 are ground. Finally, aging treatment is performed.

[0057] S2: Using the principle of electroplating metal, CBN abrasive is uniformly solidified on the profile 204 of the grinding wheel substrate by depositing a metal binder on the surface of the grinding wheel substrate.

[0058] S3: The electroplated grinding wheel is dressed using a general method to achieve the required CBN layer.

[0059] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 7: The working process of the screw grinding wheel during use is as follows:

[0061] The grinding wheel is positioned through the inner hole 201 and the shaft shoulder 202, clamped on the screw grinding machine through the threaded hole 203, and the axis of the grinding wheel is at an angle γ with the axis of the screw to be machined, so that the grinding wheel and the screw to be ground can be easily engaged in motion, and the requirement for the motion control of the machine tool is reduced. In the embodiment, the angle is an acute angle, as shown in Figure 4 The grinding method can adopt forward grinding or reverse grinding. In the embodiment, the screw and the screw grinding wheel rotate in the same direction, which is reverse grinding. Through the motion of the machine tool, the screw is controlled to move axially while rotating, and the screw grinding wheel is engaged in motion to realize the grinding of the screw raceway. The grinding wheel is used to grind the screw, and the process is simple, the grinding precision is high, the efficiency is high, and the ground screw meets the use requirements.

[0062] The other is the same as embodiment 1.

[0063] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present application, or any modification or equivalent replacement of part or all of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and all should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws, characterized in that, The grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel substrate (200) and an electroplated layer disposed on the grinding wheel substrate (200); the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is provided with several cross sections, the cross sections including coarse grinding cross sections and fine grinding cross sections arranged sequentially; all cross sections are raceway cross sections; the cross sections include a first fine grinding cross section (101), a second fine grinding cross section (102), a first coarse grinding cross section (103), and a second coarse grinding cross section (104) arranged sequentially; the height of the first fine grinding cross section (101) is greater than that of the second fine grinding cross section (102), the height of the second fine grinding cross section (102) is greater than that of the first coarse grinding cross section (103), and the height of the first coarse grinding cross section (103) is greater than that of the second coarse grinding cross section (104); the electroplated layer is made of cubic boron nitride; the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is inclined; the height difference between the first fine grinding cross section (101) and the second fine grinding cross section (102) is A, and the range of A is 0.

1. The height difference between the first fine grinding section (101) and the first coarse grinding section (103) is B, and the range of B is 0.3mm to 0.5mm; the height difference between the first fine grinding section (101) and the second coarse grinding section (104) is C, and the range of C is 0.5mm to 0.7mm; the particle size of the first fine grinding section (101) and the second fine grinding section (102) is 80 / 100 to 200 / 230, and the particle size of the first coarse grinding section (103) and the second coarse grinding section (104) is 25 / 30 to 70 / 80.

2. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of A is 0.21 mm, B is 0.42 mm, and C is 0.63 mm; the particle size of the first fine grinding profile (101) and the second fine grinding profile (102) is 120 / 140; the particle size of the first coarse grinding profile (103) and the second coarse grinding profile (104) is 40 / 45.

3. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The grinding wheel has a mounting hole (201) in the middle, a shoulder (202) inside the mounting hole (201), and a ring of fixing holes (203) evenly distributed around the mounting hole (201) on the grinding wheel.

4. The method of using the grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method includes clamping the grinding wheel on a screw grinding machine, with the axis of the grinding wheel forming an angle γ with the axis of the screw to be processed; the angle γ is an acute angle; the screw to be processed is controlled by the screw grinding machine to move axially while rotating, so that the screw to be processed and the grinding wheel form a meshing motion.

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