Ammonia fuel ventilation mast and dry bulk carrier

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cargo ships, and discloses an ammonia fuel ventilation mast and a dry bulk carrier, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast comprises a tower, a cantilever, an inhaul cable and a ventilation pipe, and the tower is vertically arranged and provided with a first channel; the cantilever is connected with the tower and forms an included angle with the tower, the end, away from the tower, of the cantilever inclines upwards, and the cantilever is provided with a second channel. Two ends of the inhaul cable are respectively connected with the top end of the tower and one end of the cantilever away from the tower; the vent pipe sequentially penetrates through the first channel and the second channel, and one end of the vent pipe penetrates out of the second channel to form an outlet. The tower is mounted at the tail section of the ship body, and the cantilever extends towards the outer side of the ship body, so that the outlet of the vent pipe at the end part of the cantilever can be far away from the tail part of the ship body, the toxic area of ammonia is partially transferred to the outside of the ship tail, the requirement of laws and regulations on a 25m spacing distance is met, and the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk cargo ships is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cargo ships, and in particular to an ammonia fuel breathable mast and a dry bulk cargo ship. Background Art

[0002] Ammonia is a ship fuel, and its emission products do not contain carbon elements. It does not produce carbon dioxide when burned, and is a true zero-carbon fuel. However, ammonia itself is toxic. The ammonia vapor in the existing fuel tank is mainly discharged through the vent mast. Because the evaporation gas has a high pressure, it will cause a wider range of toxic diffusion. The regulations stipulate that the range of 25m (or the ship width, whichever is smaller) from the vent mast outlet is a toxic area. For small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers, due to their own size limitations, they basically cannot meet the regulatory requirements of at least 25m between the vent mast and the superstructure living area, lifeboats and escape passages, so they cannot use ammonia fuel for driving. They can only use more traditional diesel fuel, which will inevitably increase carbon emissions and cause environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel breathable mast, which can partially transfer the 25m toxic area of ​​ammonia to the outside of the stern, meet the regulatory requirements for a 25m spacing distance, and realize the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ammonia fuel ventilation mast, comprising a tower, a cantilever, a cable and a ventilation pipe, the tower is arranged vertically and is provided with a first channel; the cantilever is connected to the tower and is arranged at an angle to the tower, and the end of the cantilever away from the tower is inclined upward, and the cantilever is provided with a second channel; the two ends of the cable are respectively connected to the top of the tower and the end of the cantilever away from the tower; the ventilation pipe is sequentially penetrated into the first channel and the second channel, one end of the ventilation pipe passes through the second channel and forms an outlet, and the other end passes through the first channel and is connected to an external ammonia fuel tank.

[0005] Preferably, the angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower is θ, which satisfies: 130°≤θ≤150°.

[0006] Preferably, the cantilever includes three main beams, and the three main beams are arranged in a triangle, wherein one of the main beams is connected to the other two main beams through two first connecting members, and the second channel is arranged above the main beam between the two first connecting members.

[0007] Preferably, the ammonia fuel permeable mast also includes a maintenance ladder, which includes a first stair section and a second stair section, wherein the first stair section is vertically arranged in the tower and located on one side of the first channel, and the second stair section is parallel to the second channel and located above the second channel.

[0008] Preferably, the maintenance ladder further comprises a protection ring, which is arranged around the outer circumference of the maintenance ladder.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of the cables are provided, and the plurality of cables are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the width direction of the cantilever.

[0010] Preferably, the tower is provided with a connecting portion, the connecting portion is located above the connection between the cantilever and the tower, the outer diameter of the connecting portion gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, and the plurality of cables are respectively connected to the top end of the connecting portion.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the air-permeable tube passing through the second channel is connected to a pressure release valve.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dry bulk carrier, wherein the outlet of the ventilation mast is located outside the stern of the hull, meeting the regulatory requirement of a 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers.

[0013] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a dry bulk carrier, comprising a hull and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel ventilation mast, wherein the ammonia fuel ventilation mast is installed on the rear deck of the hull, the hull is provided with a living area, and the cantilever is extended toward the outside of the hull at one end away from the tower so that the distance between the outlet and the living area is greater than 25m.

[0014] Preferably, the ammonia fuel breathable mast is arranged at the center of the aft deck; or a lifeboat is arranged on the aft deck, and the ammonia fuel breathable mast and the lifeboat are respectively located on both sides of the aft deck in the ship width direction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting an inclined cantilever, installing the tower at the stern section of the hull and extending the cantilever toward the outside of the hull, the outlet of the vent pipe at the end of the cantilever can be away from the stern of the hull, thereby partially transferring the 25m range toxic area of ​​ammonia to the outside of the stern, reducing the overlapping area of ​​the toxic area and the hull deck area, and reserving enough space at the stern for crew living areas, lifeboats and escape passages to meet the requirements of regulations for a 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. By setting a tower and a cable, the tower can provide stable support for the cantilever and provide a fulcrum for the cable. The tower and the cable cooperate to form a stable triangular structure, effectively improving the structural stability of the cantilever.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a dry bulk carrier, in which a breathable mast is extended toward the outside of the stern of the hull, meeting the regulatory requirement of a 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ammonia fuel ventilation mast of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the ammonia fuel permeable mast of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 1 is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 100, tower; 110, column; 120, second connecting member; 130, connecting portion;

[0025] 200, cantilever; 210, main beam; 220, first connecting member;

[0026] 300, cable;

[0027] 400, vent pipe; 410, outlet; 420, pressure relief valve;

[0028] 500, maintenance ladder; 510, first ladder section; 520, second ladder section; 530, protection circle;

[0029] 600. Hull; 610. Living quarters; 620. Lifeboat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an ammonia fuel ventilation mast provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tower 100, a cantilever 200, a cable 300 and a ventilation pipe 400. The tower 100 is arranged vertically and is provided with a first channel that can be opened and closed. Optionally, the tower 100 is a truss structure with a quadrilateral bottom shape. The tower 100 is composed of four vertical columns 110 and a second connecting member 120 between the columns 110. The second connecting member 120 includes a plurality of horizontal rods and a plurality of oblique rods connected between two adjacent columns 110. The horizontal rods and the oblique rods are staggered in the vertical direction, and the first channel is arranged in the tower 100. The height of the tower 100 is between 10-15m, and the bottom side length is between 2-3m. The size of the tower 100 is not specifically limited here. The user can set the appropriate size of the tower 100 according to the ship scale and deck surface layout.

[0035] One end of the cantilever 200 is connected to the tower 100, the cantilever 200 and the tower 100 are arranged at an angle, and the end of the cantilever 200 away from the tower 100 is tilted upward, and the interior of the cantilever 200 is provided with a second channel that can be opened and closed; the two ends of the cable 300 are respectively connected to the top of the tower 100 and the end of the cantilever 200 away from the tower 100; the air vent 400 is sequentially arranged in the first channel and the second channel, one end of the air vent 400 passes through the second channel and forms an outlet 410, and the other end passes through the first channel and is connected to the external ammonia fuel tank. Among them, the position where the air vent 400 passes through the first channel is related to the position and height of the ammonia fuel tank on the hull 600, which will not be repeated here.

[0036] It is understandable that by setting the inclined cantilever 200, installing the tower 100 at the stern section of the hull 600 and extending the cantilever 200 toward the outside of the hull 600, the outlet 410 of the vent pipe 400 at the end of the cantilever 200 can be away from the stern of the hull 600, thereby partially transferring the 25m range toxic area of ​​ammonia centered on the outlet 410 to the outside of the stern, reducing the overlapping area of ​​the toxic area and the deck area of ​​the hull 600, and reserving enough space at the stern of the hull 600 to set up the crew living area 610, lifeboat and escape passage, meeting the requirements of the regulations for the 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. In addition, due to the wider toxic range of ammonia, compared with the traditional LNG vent mast, the ammonia fuel vent mast is longer and heavier. If the ammonia fuel vent mast is only set as an inclined cantilever 200, it is easy to cause the cantilever 200 structure to be unstable, and the vent mast is easy to break from the root. By setting up the tower 100 and the cable 300, the tower 100 can provide stable support for the cantilever 200 and provide a fulcrum for the cable 300. The tower 100 and the cable 300 cooperate to form a stable triangular structure. The cable 300 constrains the cantilever 200 to be away from one end of the tower 100, thereby reducing the stress between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and effectively improving the structural stability of the cantilever 200.

[0037] Furthermore, one end of the ventilation tube 400 passing through the second channel (ie, the outlet 410 of the ventilation tube 400 ) extends upward in the vertical direction and is connected to a pressure release valve 420 (ie, an ammonia ventilation valve).

[0038] By setting the pressure release valve 420, the pressure release at the outlet 410 of the vent pipe 400 can be controlled, the pressure of the vent pipe 400 can be reduced, the pressure of the vent pipe 400 can be maintained and explosion-proof for the ammonia fuel tank, and water vapor impurities can be prevented from invading the ammonia fuel tank through the vent pipe 400, thereby ensuring the purity of the fuel in the ammonia fuel tank. In addition, the outlet 410 of the vent pipe 400 is vertically upward, so that the ammonia released by the pressure release valve 420 can be evenly dispersed along the circumference of the vent pipe 400, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the pressure release valve 420.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower 100 is θ, which satisfies: 130°≤θ≤150°. In other words, the angle of the cantilever 200 end away from the tower 100 is between 40-60° relative to the horizontal plane.

[0040] The smaller the upward tilt angle of the cantilever 200 is, the closer the cantilever 200 is to a horizontal position. At this time, the center of gravity of the cantilever 200 is farther from the tower 100, and the cable 300 needs to provide a greater tension to keep the cantilever 200 stable. The tilt angle of the cantilever 200 is limited to above 40° to avoid excessive tension on the cable 300 from the cantilever 200, which exceeds the load limit of the cable 300 and causes the cable 300 to break, tear the root of the cantilever 200 (i.e., the connection between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100), and ensure the stability of the cantilever 200 structure.

[0041] The inclination angle of the cantilever 200 is limited to below 60°, ensuring that the cantilever 200 extends a certain length toward the outside of the hull 600, thereby ensuring that the toxic range of ammonia centered on the outlet 410 and areas such as the crew living area 610 are separated by more than 25m, meeting the regulatory requirement for a 25m separation distance.

[0042] By reasonably limiting the angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower 100, it is possible to ensure that the toxic range of ammonia is far away from the crew living area 610 and other areas, and to ensure the overall structural stability of the cantilever 200, thereby effectively improving the structural rationality of the ammonia fuel ventilation mast.

[0043] It should be noted that the length of the cantilever 200 is usually between 10 and 25 meters. There is no specific limitation on the length of the cantilever 200. The user can set a suitable length of the cantilever 200 according to the ship scale and deck layout, as long as the toxic range of ammonia centered on the outlet 410 is more than 25 meters away from the crew living area 610 and other areas.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the cantilever 200 includes three main beams 210, which are arranged in a triangle, and one of the main beams 210 is connected to the other two main beams 210 through two first connecting members 220. The structure of the first connecting member 220 can refer to the description of the second connecting member 120 in the previous text, and will not be repeated here. The second channel is arranged above the main beam 210 between the two first connecting members 220. Optionally, the main beam 210 is welded and fixed to the tower 100.

[0045] It should be noted that, since the cantilever 200 is in an inclined posture as a whole, the second channel is not located above the main beam 210 between the two first connecting members 220 in the vertical direction, but is located above the main beam 210 between the two first connecting members 220 in the height direction of the cantilever 200, wherein the height direction of the cantilever 200 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cantilever 200 and the width direction of the cantilever 200.

[0046] By setting three main beams 210 and two connecting parts, on the one hand, the structure of the cantilever 200 can be simplified, and the cantilever 200 as a whole is a triangular truss structure, which can ensure the structural stability of the cantilever 200; on the other hand, one of the main beams 210 is located below the second channel, which can provide stable support for the air vent 400, effectively improving the installation stability of the air vent 400.

[0047] Optionally, the outer diameter of the cantilever 200 gradually decreases along the extension direction of the cantilever 200 in the direction away from the tower 100, so that the area of ​​the cantilever 200 at the connection with the tower 100 is increased, which can improve the connection stability between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and the end of the cantilever 200 away from the tower 100 has a smaller volume and a smaller weight, which reduces the stress of the cable 300 and further improves the structural rationality of the cantilever 200.

[0048] Furthermore, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast also includes a maintenance ladder 500, which includes a first stair section 510 and a second stair section 520. The first stair section 510 is vertically arranged in the tower 100 and is located on one side of the first channel. The second stair section 520 is connected to the cantilever 200 and is located between the two first connecting members 220. The second stair section 520 is parallel to the second channel and is located above the second channel in the height direction of the cantilever 200. The first stair section 510 is connected to the second stair section 520.

[0049] By providing the maintenance ladder 500, the user can climb the tower 100 in the vertical direction or climb the cantilever 200 along the extension direction of the cantilever 200 through the maintenance ladder 500, thereby facilitating the user to inspect, maintain or replace the air vent 400 on one side of the maintenance ladder 500, effectively improving the user's usage experience and reducing the later maintenance cost of the air vent 400.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the maintenance ladder 500 also includes a protection ring 530, which is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped metal rings and metal strips connecting the metal rings. The protection ring 530 is arranged around the periphery of the maintenance ladder 500. In other words, the protection ring 530 is located on the side of the first stair section 510 away from the first channel and on the side of the second stair section 520 away from the second channel.

[0051] By providing the protection ring 530 , when the user is using the maintenance ladder 500 , especially when moving on the second step 520 of the maintenance ladder 500 , the protection ring 530 can have a limiting effect to prevent the user from falling from the cantilever 200 , thereby effectively improving the safety of the maintenance ladder 500 .

[0052] Reference Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that a plurality of cables 300 are provided, and the plurality of cables 300 are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the width direction of the cantilever 200 .

[0053] By setting up multiple cables 300, on the one hand, the multiple cables 300 can disperse the stress of the cantilever 200, stably suspend the cantilever 200, and further improve the stability of the cantilever 200; on the other hand, the multiple cables 300 are parallel to each other, ensuring that the tension direction provided by the multiple cables 300 is consistent, and there is no component force in other directions, thereby ensuring the carrying capacity of the cables 300, so that the cables 300 can adapt to the cantilever 200 with a heavier weight.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that the tower 100 is provided with a connecting portion 130, which is located above the connection between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and the outer diameter of the connecting portion 130 gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, that is, the connecting portion 130 is arranged at the top of the tower 100 and has a prism-shaped shape with a larger bottom and a smaller top, and a plurality of cables 300 are respectively connected to the top of the connecting portion 130.

[0055] By providing the connecting portion 130 , the outer diameter of the connecting portion 130 gradually shrinks, which facilitates the alignment installation of the cable 300 and effectively improves the installation convenience of the cable 300 .

[0056] Reference Figures 4 to 6 As shown, it can be understood that a dry bulk carrier provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hull 600 and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel ventilation mast, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast is installed on the rear end deck of the hull 600, the hull 600 is provided with a living area 610, and the cantilever 200 is extended toward the outside of the hull 600 at one end away from the tower 100 so that the distance between the outlet 410 and the living area 610 is greater than 25m.

[0057] The dry bulk carrier provided in the embodiment of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned ammonia fuel breathable mast. Therefore, the dry bulk carrier provided in the embodiment of the present invention also has the beneficial effects described in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that, for a common dry cargo ship (ie, a general cargo ship), the ammonia fuel ventilation mast is arranged at the center of the rear end deck.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it can be understood that for bulk carriers, since regulations require that bulk carriers must use a stern-thrown lifeboat 620, that is, a lifeboat 620 is arranged on one side of the stern deck of the hull 600, the breathable mast needs to be installed on the side of the stern where the lifeboat 620 is not arranged. In other words, the ammonia fuel breathable mast and the lifeboat 620 are respectively located on both sides of the stern deck in the ship width direction.

[0060] In addition, if the bulk carrier has a small width, the cantilever 200 of the breathable mast needs to be installed outwardly at a certain angle at the rear end side while avoiding the lifeboat 620. There is no specific limitation on the deflection installation angle of the cantilever 200, as long as the toxic area centered on the outlet 410 and the living area 610 do not overlap.

[0061] Users can flexibly adjust the installation position of the ammonia fuel vent mast on the hull 600 according to the different ship types and sizes of their ships, thereby ensuring that various types of small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers can use ammonia fuel, effectively expanding the scope of application of the ammonia fuel vent mast.

[0062] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ammonia fuel ventilation mast, characterized in that: include: A tower (100) is arranged vertically and is provided with a first passage; A cantilever (200) is connected to the tower (100) and arranged at an angle to the tower (100), and one end of the cantilever (200) away from the tower (100) is inclined upward, and the cantilever (200) is provided with a second channel; A cable (300) having two ends respectively connected to the top of the tower (100) and an end of the cantilever (200) away from the tower (100); The air permeable pipe (400) is sequentially arranged in the first channel and the second channel. One end of the air permeable pipe (400) passes through the second channel to form an outlet (410), and the other end passes through the first channel and is connected to an external ammonia fuel tank.

2. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower (100) is θ, which satisfies: 130°≤θ≤150°.

3. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cantilever (200) comprises three main beams (210), the three main beams (210) are arranged in a triangle, one of the main beams (210) is connected to the other two main beams (210) via two first connecting members (220), and the second channel is arranged above the main beam (210) between the two first connecting members (220).

4. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel permeable mast also includes a maintenance ladder (500), and the maintenance ladder (500) includes a first ladder section (510) and a second ladder section (520), wherein the first ladder section (510) is vertically arranged in the tower (100) and is located on one side of the first channel, and the second ladder section (520) is parallel to the second channel and is located above the second channel.

5. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maintenance ladder (500) further comprises a protection ring (530), wherein the protection ring (530) is arranged around the outer circumference of the maintenance ladder (500).

6. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the cables (300) are provided, and the plurality of cables (300) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the cantilever (200) and are parallel to each other.

7. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tower (100) is provided with a connecting portion (130), the connecting portion (130) is located above the connection between the cantilever (200) and the tower (100), the outer diameter of the connecting portion (130) gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, and the plurality of cables (300) are respectively connected to the top end of the connecting portion (130).

8. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: One end of the air permeable tube (400) passing through the second channel is connected to a pressure release valve (420).

9. Dry bulk carrier, characterized in that: It comprises a hull (600) and an ammonia fuel ventilation mast as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the ammonia fuel ventilation mast is installed on the rear end deck of the hull (600), the hull (600) is provided with a living area (610), and the cantilever (200) is extended toward the outside of the hull (600) at one end away from the tower (100) so that the distance between the outlet (410) and the living area (610) is greater than 25m.

10. The dry bulk carrier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel air-permeable mast is arranged at the center of the rear end deck; or The aft deck is provided with a lifeboat (620), and the ammonia fuel ventilation mast and the lifeboat (620) are respectively located on both sides of the aft deck in the ship width direction.

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