Plant growth regulator for advancing rose harvesting period, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flower cultivation. Provided are a plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period comprises raw materials including ammonium ethyl hexanoate, water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period provided by the present invention is compounded with ammonium ethyl hexanoate, sodium nitrophenolate and gibberellin, and by ensuring normal hormone signal transduction and development regulation, the development process of the cut rose flower is regulated, and the time for the flower to open can be effectively shortened. Moreover, the plant growth regulator uses plant hormones as main raw materials, is environmentally friendly, safe and pollution-free, has low cost and is quick to take effect, thus realizing the accurate listing of cut roses and improving industrial benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flower cultivation, and in particular to a plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rose (Rosa hybrida), Rosaceae, is a perennial evergreen or semi-evergreen low shrub that blooms all year round with rich colors and varieties. It can be used as an ornamental and medicinal plant and is also widely used in cut flowers. As one of the four major cut flowers in the world, rose has a high economic value and is one of the most consumed flowers in the cut flower market.

[0003] Cut roses are seasonal cash crops, and their commodity value and demand fluctuate greatly due to the flowering period and holidays. In Yunnan Province, the main rose production area in my country, pruning is the main way to regulate the flowering period. Enterprises and flower farmers determine the pruning method and time based on their cultivation and planting experience to achieve the purpose of annual production and supply of roses and meet the demand for flowers on holidays. However, the use of pruning to regulate the flowering period is greatly affected by environmental factors, which often leads to uneven opening during the harvest period and fails to maximize profits. The survey found that roses with an opening degree of level 2 (the best harvest period) during the harvest period only account for about 45-50% of the total cut flowers, 30-40% are between level 0 and level 2 (often called "raw flowers" in production and cannot be sold), and 10-15% have an opening degree greater than level 2 (too large an opening cannot be sold). In addition, through industrial research, it was found that the development speed from the bud stage (level 0) to the harvest period (level 2) directly determines the harvest and listing time, the yield and quality of commercial flowers. For example, the mainstream cut flower variety 'Peach Snow Mountain' takes 55-65 days to develop from level 0 to level 2 in winter, but only 25-30 days in summer. Therefore, the speed of the growth and development of rose flowers directly determines the harvesting and marketing period (precise control of the flowering period), value and quality of the cut flowers, which in turn affects the economic benefits of enterprises and flower farmers. Therefore, exploring regulators that can effectively shorten the harvesting period of cut roses is of great industrial significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] A plant growth regulator for advancing the harvest period of roses, the raw materials of which include: ammonium ethyl ester, water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0006] Among them, ammonium hexadecene can increase the activity of plant peroxidase and nitrate reductase, increase the chlorophyll content, accelerate the rate of photosynthesis, promote the division and elongation of plant cells, regulate the balance of nutrients in the body, and can effectively shorten the time of flower opening.

[0007] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can increase the hardness of the elongated stems, making them thicker and preventing the branches from breaking.

[0008] Water-soluble fertilizers containing amino acids can provide nutrients for the growth of flowers, avoid the elongation of flower branches causing nutrient deficiency that affects the quality of roses, and ensure that roses can grow normally.

[0009] Furthermore, the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above also includes as raw materials: sodium nitrophenolate.

[0010] Among them, sodium nitrophenolate can accelerate plant growth, break dormancy, promote growth and development, prevent flower and fruit drop, fruit cracking and fruit shrinkage, improve product quality, increase yield, and enhance crop resistance to disease, insects, drought, waterlogging, cold, saline-alkali, and lodging.

[0011] The invention compounds diethylaminoethyl hexanoate with sodium nitrophenolate, and the sodium nitrophenolate can further enhance the time of diethylaminoethyl hexanoate promoting the opening of flowers.

[0012] Furthermore, the raw materials of the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as mentioned above also include: gibberellin.

[0013] The gibberellin is GA3, which is one of the gibberellins with biological activity. Gibberellin can promote the expansion of petal cells, thereby accelerating the opening process of rose flowers. The present invention compounds gibberellin with sodium diethylaminoethyl hexanoate, and the gibberellin can further enhance the time for sodium diethylaminoethyl hexanoate to promote the opening of flowers.

[0014] The invention compounds diethylaminoethyl hexanoate, sodium nitrophenolate and gibberellin together, which can significantly advance the process of the reproductive growth stage of cut roses from the completion of flower bud differentiation to the harvesting, thereby further promoting the time of flower opening.

[0015] Since diethylaminoethyl ester can increase the activity of plant peroxidase and nitrate reductase, increase the chlorophyll content, accelerate photosynthesis, and promote the division and elongation of plant cells; sodium nitrophenolate can accelerate the growth rate of plants; gibberellins can promote the expansion of petal cells, thereby accelerating the opening process of rose flowers; the present invention can effectively accelerate the growth rate of rose flowers by combining the three.

[0016] Furthermore, the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above comprises, by weight, the following raw materials:

[0017] 11-12 parts of ammonium hexanoate, 11-12 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 11-12 parts of gibberellins, 0.8-1.2 parts of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and 100-110 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0018] Furthermore, in the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above, the active ingredients of the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer include: free amino acids and trace elements.

[0019] Furthermore, in the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above, the free amino acid content in the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer is ≥100 g / L, and the trace elements include: Mn, Zn, B, Fe, Mo, wherein Mn ≥10 g / L, Zn ≥7 g / L, B ≥0.5 g / L, Fe ≥2 g / L, and Mo ≥0.5 g / L.

[0020] A method for preparing the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above comprises:

[0021] (1) preparing ammonium ethyl hexanoate mother solution, sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, gibberellin mother solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution respectively;

[0022] (2) The aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution, sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, gibberellin mother solution, amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution, and water are mixed in a volume ratio of (11-12): (11-12): (11-12): (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2): (85-88), and the pH of the uniformly mixed solution is adjusted to 5.8-6.0 to obtain the plant growth regulator.

[0023] Furthermore, in the method described above, the concentrations of the aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution, the sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, the gibberellin mother solution, the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer mother solution, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution are all 1 g / L.

[0024] The use of the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period as described above includes: spraying the plant growth regulator on the top of the cut rose plants that have completed flower bud differentiation.

[0025] The present invention can effectively accelerate the growth and development speed of rose flowers by spraying the plant growth regulator after the flower bud differentiation of the cut rose is completed.

[0026] Furthermore, for the application as described above, the spraying time is 16:00-18:00 in the afternoon on a sunny day. The plants should be kept dry during spraying, and spraying at high temperatures at noon should be avoided. Beneficial Effects

[0027] The plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period provided by the present invention can effectively shorten the time of flower opening by compounding aminoethyl hexanoate, sodium nitrophenolate and gibberellin together, ensuring normal hormone signal transduction and development regulation, and then regulating the development process of cut rose flowers. Moreover, the plant growth regulator uses plant hormones as main raw materials, is environmentally friendly, safe and pollution-free, has low cost and rapid effect, thereby realizing the accurate listing of cut roses and improving industrial benefits.

[0028] The method provided by the invention can make the plant growth regulator have better stability by controlling the pH value of the mixed liquid at 5.8-6.0.

[0029] The application provided by the present invention can accelerate the growth and opening speed of rose flowers by spraying the plant growth regulator on the top of the cut rose plant that is in the process of completing flower bud differentiation, thereby ultimately shortening the time from the completion of flower bud differentiation to the harvesting stage of the cut flower mother branch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the effects of different treatment groups on the degree of opening of pink snow mountain flowers;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a bar graph showing the effects of different treatment groups on flower development time;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a bar chart showing the effects of different treatments on the flowering time of rose 'Dianhong'. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following examples, the aminoethyl ester used was purchased from Beijing Solebow Technology Co., Ltd. on the market, with the product number: D7080, CAS: 10369-83-2; sodium nitrophenolate was purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd., with the trade name Guoguang Yuyang, an effective content of 1.4%, and the pesticide registration certificate number: PD20101490; gibberellin GA3 was purchased from Beijing Solebow Technology Co., Ltd., with the product number: G8910, CAS: 77-06-5; the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer used was BASF Wangqiu purchased from Germany on the market, with the pesticide registration certificate number: Agricultural Fertilizer (2021) Approval No. 17286.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] (1) Add 5 mL of water to 1 g of aminoethyl ester, and after it is fully dissolved, add water to make up to 1 L to prepare a 1 g / L aminoethyl ester mother solution; add 1 L of water to 10 mL of amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer to prepare a 1 g / L amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer mother solution;

[0037] (2) Add 21.5 mL of the mother solution of aminoethyl ester, 10 mL of the mother solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, so as to obtain a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] (1) The mother solution of sodium nitrophenolate is Guoguang Yuyang Pharmaceutical, and its effective content of sodium nitrophenolate is 1.4%; 10 mL of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is added with 1L of water to prepare a mother solution of 1g / L amino acid water-soluble fertilizer;

[0040] (2) Add 0.29 mL of the mother solution of sodium nitrophenolate, 10 mL of the mother solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, so as to obtain a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] (1) Add 5 mL of 70% anhydrous ethanol to 1 g of gibberellin to fully dissolve it, then add 995 mL of water to prepare a 1 g / L gibberellin mother solution; add 1 L of water to 10 mL of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to prepare a 1 g / L amino acid water-soluble fertilizer mother solution;

[0043] (2) Add 86.6 mL of gibberellin mother solution, 10 mL of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer mother solution, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, thereby obtaining a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] (1) Add 5 mL of water to 1 g of aminoethyl hexanoate, wait until it is fully dissolved, and then add water to make up to 1 L to prepare a 1 g / L aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution; the sodium nitrophenolate mother solution used was Guoguang Yuyang Pharmacy, whose sodium nitrophenolate effective content was 1.4%; add 1 L of water to 10 mL of amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer to prepare a 1 g / L amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer mother solution;

[0046] (2) Add 21.5 mL of the mother solution of ammonium ethyl ester, 0.29 mL of the mother solution of sodium nitrophenolate, 10 mL of the mother solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, so as to obtain a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] (1) Add 5 mL of water to 1 g of aminoethyl hexanoate, wait for it to fully dissolve, then add water to make up to 1 L to prepare a 1 g / L aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution; add 5 mL of 70% anhydrous ethanol to 1 g of gibberellin, fully dissolve it, then add 995 mL of water to prepare a 1 g / L gibberellin mother solution; add 1 L of water to 10 mL of amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer to prepare a 1 g / L amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer mother solution;

[0049] (2) Add 21.5 mL of the mother solution of ammonium ethyl ester, 86.6 mL of the mother solution of gibberellin, 10 mL of the mother solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, so as to obtain a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] (1) Add 5 mL of water to 1 g of aminoethyl hexanoate, wait for it to fully dissolve, and then add water to make up to 1 L to prepare a 1 g / L aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution; the sodium nitrophenolate mother solution used was Guoguang Yuyang Pharmacy, whose sodium nitrophenolate effective content was 1.4%; add 5 mL of 70% anhydrous ethanol to 1 g of gibberellin, fully dissolve it, and then add 995 mL of water to prepare a 1 g / L gibberellin mother solution; add 1 L of water to 10 mL of amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer to prepare a 1 g / L amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer mother solution;

[0052] (2) Add 21.5 mL of the mother solution of aminoethyl ester, 0.29 mL of the mother solution of sodium nitrophenolate, 86.6 mL of the mother solution of gibberellin, 10 mL of the mother solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 500 mL of water, add water to make up to 1 L, shake and mix thoroughly, adjust the pH of the mixture to 6.0 after mixing evenly, and thus obtain a plant growth regulator composition for advancing the flowering period of cut roses.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] Choose a sunny afternoon at 17:00, when the plants are dry, and spray the stems of rose plants that have just entered the apical seed stage (flower bud differentiation is completed to form small buds visible to the naked eye) with a plant growth regulator composition every other week, for a total of three times. At other times, the rose plants are managed with conventional production techniques in the intelligent multi-span greenhouse. The temperature in the greenhouse is 25-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night. The rose plants are planted in soilless cultivation troughs. The matrix is ​​a mixed matrix of coconut bran and perlite with a mass ratio of 3:1. Water and fertilizer management is carried out (maintaining soil EC=1.5, matrix PH=5.8-6.0, watering frequency 8-12 times, and matrix humidity at 60%). The number of fertilization and watering is adjusted according to weather conditions, and different pests and diseases (red spider, To prevent and control the growth of aphids, thrips, powdery mildew, and gray mold, apply pesticides every 7 days (red spider medicine: avermectin, active ingredient 1.8%, spraying concentration 800 times; aphid medicine: acetamiprid, active ingredient 70%, spraying concentration 600 times; thrips medicine: bromofenac, active ingredient 5%, spraying concentration 1000 times; powdery mildew medicine: ethidium, active ingredient content 25%, spraying concentration 800 times; gray mold medicine: pyrimethanil, active ingredient content 70%, spraying concentration 1500 times)

[0055] Experimental Example 1

[0056] The cut rose 'Pink Snow Mountain' from the Baofeng Base of the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Flowers was used as the experimental material. 105 plants at the top seed stage (flower bud differentiation is complete to form small buds visible to the naked eye) with basically the same size and quality were selected and divided into 7 groups, 15 plants in each group, and marked. The grouping is shown in Table 1:

[0057] Treatment group 1: Select the plant growth regulator composition prepared in treatment group 1; select the method of Example 7 for spraying.

[0058] Treatment group 2: the plant growth regulator composition prepared in treatment group 2 was selected; the method of Example 7 was selected as the spraying method.

[0059] Treatment group 3: the plant growth regulator composition prepared in treatment group 3 was selected; the method of Example 7 was selected as the spraying method.

[0060] Treatment group 4: the plant growth regulator composition prepared in treatment group 4 was selected; the method of Example 7 was selected as the spraying method.

[0061] Treatment Group 5: The plant growth regulator composition prepared in Treatment Group 5 was selected; the method of Example 7 was selected as the spraying method.

[0062] Treatment group 6: the plant growth regulator composition prepared in treatment group 6 was selected; the method of Example 7 was selected as the spraying method.

[0063] Control group: select clear water as the control; select the method of Example 7 for spraying.

[0064] Table 1

[0065] The first spraying time for each group was on the afternoon of April 15, 2024, when the weather was cloudy, and the last spraying was on May 15, 2024, for a total of 5 times. On May 3, the control group and treatment groups 1-6 were photographed and the degree of flower opening was counted.

[0066] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown: The plants in the treatment group were treated on April 15, 2024, and the flowers of treatment group 6 reached the harvest period on May 3, 2024; the plants in the control group were photographed and recorded at the same time until all flowers reached the harvest stage.

[0067] Compared with the control group, treatment groups 1 and 3 can significantly promote the opening of flowers. It can be seen that both ampicillin and gibberellin can significantly promote the development process of flowers and the harvest period can be advanced by 4-5 days compared with the control. In treatment group 2, the application of sodium nitrophenolate alone had no significant effect on the opening process of rose flowers. On this basis, the effects of sodium nitrophenolate and ampicillin in treatment group 4 were not significantly different from those of ampicillin alone. In treatment group 5, the combination of ampicillin and gibberellin can significantly advance the flowering period by 6-8 days, and its effect is significantly stronger than that of ampicillin or gibberellin alone. In treatment group 6, the application of ampicillin, sodium nitrophenolate and gibberellin together has the most significant effect on promoting the opening of flowers, which can advance the harvest period by 8-10 days. It is the best combination for advancing the harvest period of roses. The main method of regulating the flowering period of roses in production is pruning, but due to the interference of factors such as weather, it is often impossible to achieve precise control of the flowering period, resulting in heavy losses in the value of cut roses. This invention can achieve precise control of the flowering period and precise marketing of cut roses based on traditional pruning to control the flowering period, thereby increasing the value of cut roses and providing practical support for the steady improvement of quality and efficiency of my country's cut rose industry.

[0068] Experimental Example 2

[0069] Rose and Chinese rose both belong to the genus Rosa of the Rosaceae family: The plant growth regulator composition prepared by treatment groups 1 to 6 of the present invention was sprayed on the rose variety 'Dianhong' according to the method of Example 7, and water was used as a control group to spray the rose variety 'Dianhong' according to the method of Example 7. It was found that treatment groups 1-6 had no significant effect on the flowering period of 'Dianhong' ( Figure 3 ), indicating that the plant growth regulator can significantly advance the harvest season of cut roses, but has no significant effect on rose 'Dianhong'.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant growth regulator for advancing the harvest period of roses, characterized in that: Its raw materials include: ammonium ethyl ester, water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium nitrophenolate; gibberellin; The raw materials, calculated by weight, include: 11-12 parts of ammonium hexanoate, 11-12 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 11-12 parts of gibberellins, 0.8-1.2 parts of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and 100-110 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The effective ingredients of the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer include: free amino acids and trace elements; The free amino acid content in the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer is ≥100 g / L, and the trace elements include: Mn, Zn, B, Fe, and Mo, wherein Mn is ≥10 g / L, Zn is ≥7 g / L, B is ≥0.5 g / L, Fe is ≥2 g / L, and Mo is ≥0.5 g / L.

2. A method for preparing the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: (1) preparing ammonium ethyl hexanoate mother solution, sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, gibberellin mother solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution respectively; (2) The aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution, sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, gibberellin mother solution, amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution, and water are mixed in a volume ratio of (11-12): (11-12): (11-12): (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2): (85-88), and the pH of the uniformly mixed solution is adjusted to 5.8-6.0 to obtain the plant growth regulator.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The concentrations of the aminoethyl hexanoate mother solution, sodium nitrophenolate mother solution, gibberellin mother solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mother solution are all 1 g / L.

4. A use of the plant growth regulator for advancing the rose harvest period according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The plant growth regulator is sprayed on the top of the cut rose plants that have completed flower bud differentiation.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spraying time is from 16:00 to 18:00 on a sunny afternoon. The plants should be kept dry during spraying and spraying at noon should be avoided.

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