Continuous coking device and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum coking, and discloses a continuous coking device which comprises a frame, a coke tower is fixedly installed in the frame, the output end of an air cylinder is controlled to stretch upwards and push a top plate upwards, then a clamping plate does not press a flange plate, and then a driving motor drives a driving gear to rotate; a driving gear drives an auxiliary gear and a sleeve to rotate, then a side plate, a sliding rod, a top plate, a clamping plate and an air cylinder are controlled to rotate by 90 degrees, and in the process, a flange plate and a sealing cover cannot be locked; then, the sealing cover is pushed by the pushing spring to move downwards along the axis of the driving shaft, and in the process, the flange plate and the sealing cover are not attached any more; and then the servo motor is driven to drive the driving shaft to rotate by 180 degrees, the sealing cover can be completely staggered from the flange plate, automatic opening of the sealing cover is achieved in the process, manual rotating opening is not needed, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum coking, in particular to a continuous coking device and process. Background Art

[0002] The petroleum continuous coking process is a continuous coking process, which is characterized by the fact that after the raw oil is heated to a high temperature in the heating furnace, it continuously enters the coking tower for reaction, the generated coke continuously accumulates in the tower, and the gas and liquid products are continuously discharged from the top of the tower for subsequent treatment. This process can achieve efficient and continuous production and improve resource utilization.

[0003] Continuous coking of petroleum requires the use of a coke tower. In the coking tower, the crude oil undergoes deep cracking and condensation reactions under high temperature conditions to produce products such as gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil and petroleum coke. When the coke in a coking tower accumulates to a certain height, it is switched to another coking tower to continue the coking reaction. The coke tower filled with coke is cooled, purged and hydraulically decoked to remove the coke in the tower and prepare for the next coking operation. During this decoking process, the bottom cover of the coke tower is opened or closed by manual pushing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, after the bottom cover is closed manually, there is a defect that it is not tight enough, resulting in leakage defects during the coking process. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous coking device and process, which has the advantages of automatic opening of the cover and tight sealing, and solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of automatically opening and tightly closing the above-mentioned sealing cover, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a continuous coking device, comprising a frame, a coke tower is fixedly installed inside the frame, a tower top cover is detachably installed on the top of the coke tower, a cleaning nozzle and an exhaust nozzle are fixedly installed on the top of the tower top cover, a tower bottom cover is detachably installed on the bottom of the coke tower, a feeding nozzle is fixedly installed on the side of the tower bottom cover, a flange is fixedly installed on the bottom of the tower bottom cover, a sealing cover is arranged at the bottom of the flange, and three ring-arranged locking assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the sealing cover, a material guide plate is rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame and at the bottom of the sealing cover, a cross bar is fixedly installed on the bottom of the material guide plate and the inner bottom wall of the frame, a hydraulic rod is movably installed between the cross bars, and a limit block is fixedly installed on the inner side of the frame and at the bottom of the material guide plate.

[0008] Preferably, the flange and the side of the cover are fixedly installed with wing plates, a driving servo motor is fixedly installed on the wing plate on the side of the flange, a driving shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the driving servo motor, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the driving shaft, a limiting strip is fixedly installed on the outer side of the driving shaft, and a limiting groove corresponding to the limiting strip is opened on the wing plate on the side of the cover.

[0009] Preferably, two rings are sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft, a push spring is arranged between the two rings, the push spring is sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft, a limiting arc plate is fixedly installed on the side of the flange, and a pressure sensor is embedded inside the limiting arc plate.

[0010] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a U-shaped seat, the U-shaped seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cover, a hinge shaft is inserted into the inside of the U-shaped seat, an L-shaped limit strip is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped seat, a sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the hinge shaft, an auxiliary gear is fixedly installed on one end of the sleeve, a driving gear is meshed above the auxiliary gear, the driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the tail end of the driving motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped seat.

[0011] Preferably, a side plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the sleeve, a sliding sleeve is embedded inside the side plate, a sliding rod is slidably mounted inside the sliding sleeve, a top plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding rod, a splint is fixedly mounted on the side of the top plate, and a cylinder is hinged between the top plate and the side plate.

[0012] Preferably, the wing plate slides up and down on the driving shaft through the limiting strip and the limiting groove, and the cover rotates and presses against the pressure sensor on the side of the limiting arc plate.

[0013] Preferably, the top plate slides up and down on the side plates through a sliding rod and a sliding sleeve, and the clamping plate is rotated and pressed against the top of the flange.

[0014] A continuous coking process comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Raw material preparation: Select suitable heavy petroleum residue as raw material and perform pretreatment;

[0016] S2, heating and reaction: the crude oil in S1 is heated to a high temperature of about 500°C by a heating furnace, and then enters a coking tower; in the coking tower, the crude oil undergoes deep cracking and condensation reactions under high temperature conditions to generate products such as gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil and petroleum coke;

[0017] S3, Coke accumulation and switching: When the coke in a coking tower accumulates to a certain height, it will switch to another coking tower to continue the coking reaction after 24 hours; the coking tower full of coke will be cooled, purged and hydraulically decoked to remove the coke in the tower and prepare for the next coking operation;

[0018] S4. Product separation and processing: The gas and liquid products discharged from the top of the coking tower are cooled, separated and processed to obtain pure petroleum products; while the solid petroleum coke is recovered and stored through steps such as solid-liquid separation.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous coking device and process, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The continuous coking device and process control the output end of the cylinder to extend upward and push the top plate up, and then the clamp will not press the flange, and then the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the auxiliary gear and the sleeve to rotate, and then the side plate, the slide bar, the top plate, the clamp and the cylinder are controlled to rotate ninety degrees, during which the flange and the cover will not be locked; then the cover is pushed down along the axis of the driving shaft by the push spring, during which the flange and the cover are no longer in contact; then the servo motor is driven to rotate the driving shaft 180 degrees, and the cover will be completely staggered with the flange. This process realizes the automatic opening of the cover, and no manpower is required to rotate and open it, thereby improving the operating efficiency.

[0022] 2. The continuous coking device and process can drive the driving gear, auxiliary gear, sleeve and side plate to rotate 90 degrees through the driving motor. After the side plate is rotated, it is just pressed under the L-shaped limit strip. After the top plate and the clamping plate are rotated, they are just located above the flange. The top plate and the clamping plate are then moved downward by the cylinder. The clamping plate can lock the flange and the cover to ensure that the two are tightly connected without leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tower bottom cover and the guide plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material guide plate and the hydraulic rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tower bottom cover, flange and cover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flange, cover and lock assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange, cover and lock assembly of the present invention after being rotated and opened;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange and the cover after being exploded from top to bottom;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cover and lock assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lock assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the lock assembly of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, coke tower; 3, tower top cover; 4, cleaning nozzle; 5, exhaust nozzle; 6, tower bottom cover; 7, feed nozzle; 8, flange; 9, cover; 10, lock assembly; 11, guide plate; 12, cross bar; 13, hydraulic rod; 14, limit block; 15, wing plate; 16, drive servo motor; 17, drive shaft; 18, limit plate; 19, limit strip; 20, limit groove; 21, collar; 22, push spring; 23, limit arc plate; 24, pressure sensor;

[0035] 101. U-shaped seat; 102. hinge shaft; 103. L-shaped limit strip; 104. sleeve; 105. auxiliary gear; 106. driving gear; 107. driving motor; 108. side plate; 109. sliding sleeve; 110. sliding rod; 111. top plate; 112. clamping plate; 113. cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-2A continuous coking device comprises a frame 1, a coke tower 2 is fixedly installed inside the frame 1, a tower top cover 3 is detachably installed on the top of the coke tower 2, a cleaning nozzle 4 and an exhaust nozzle 5 are fixedly installed on the top of the tower top cover 3, a tower bottom cover 6 is detachably installed on the bottom of the coke tower 2, a feed nozzle 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the tower bottom cover 6, a flange 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the tower bottom cover 6, a sealing cover 9 is arranged at the bottom of the flange 8, and three locking components 10 arranged in an annular manner are arranged at the bottom of the sealing cover 9, which are used to lock the bottom of the coke tower 2 to prevent leakage.

[0038] See also Figure 2-4 A guide plate 11 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame 1 and at the bottom of the cover 9. A cross bar 12 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the guide plate 11 and the inner bottom wall of the frame 1. A hydraulic rod 13 is movably installed between the cross bars 12. A limit block 14 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the frame 1 and at the bottom of the guide plate 11. When discharging petroleum coke, one end of the guide plate 11 is pushed upward by the hydraulic rod 13, and the guide plate 11 becomes inclined, and the petroleum coke enters the storage device along the inclined direction of the guide plate 11.

[0039] See also Figure 5-9 The flange 8 and the cover 9 are both fixedly mounted with wing plates 15 on the side, a driving servo motor 16 is fixedly mounted on the wing plates 15 on the side of the flange 8, a driving shaft 17 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the driving servo motor 16, a limiting plate 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the driving shaft 17, a limiting strip 19 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the driving shaft 17, and a limiting groove 20 corresponding to the limiting strip 19 is opened on the wing plates 15 on the side of the cover 9. The wing plates 15 slide up and down on the driving shaft 17 through the limiting strip 19 and the limiting groove 20, and will not affect the driving servo motor 16 to rotate 180 degrees with the cover 9 through the driving shaft 17; when the flange 8 and the cover 9 are not locked, the driving servo motor 16 rotates with the driving shaft 17, and the driving shaft 17 can rotate 180 degrees with the cover 9.

[0040] See also Figure 5-9 Two collars 21 are sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 17, and a push spring 22 is arranged between the two collars 21. The push spring 22 is sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 17. A limit arc plate 23 is fixedly installed on the side of the flange 8, and a pressure sensor 24 is embedded in the limit arc plate 23. The cover 9 rotates and presses against the pressure sensor 24 on the side of the limit arc plate 23.

[0041] When the flange 8 and the cover 9 are in an unlocked state, the push spring 22 can push the cover 9 downward to ensure that the flange 8 and the cover 9 do not fit together; when the driving servo motor 16 drives the cover 9 to rotate back to its original position, the cover 9 touches the pressure sensor 24, indicating that the cover 9 has rotated into place, and the driving servo motor 16 can stop running;

[0042] See also Figure 9-11 The lock assembly 10 includes a U-shaped seat 101, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover 9, a hinge shaft 102 is inserted and installed inside the U-shaped seat 101, an L-shaped limit strip 103 is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped seat 101, a sleeve 104 is sleeved on the outer side of the hinge shaft 102, an auxiliary gear 105 is fixedly installed at one end of the sleeve 104, a driving gear 106 is meshed above the auxiliary gear 105, the driving gear 106 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 107, and the tail end of the driving motor 107 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped seat 101. The driving motor 107 drives the driving gear 106 to rotate, and the driving gear 106 can drive the auxiliary gear 105 and the sleeve 104 to rotate ninety degrees.

[0043] See also Figure 9-11 The side of the sleeve 104 is fixedly mounted with a side plate 108, a sliding sleeve 109 is embedded inside the side plate 108, a sliding rod 110 is slidably mounted inside the sliding sleeve 109, a top plate 111 slides up and down on the side plate 108 through the sliding rod 110 and the sliding sleeve 109, a top plate 111 is fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding rod 110, a clamping plate 112 is fixedly mounted on the side of the top plate 111, and the clamping plate 112 is rotated and pressed against the top of the flange 8. A cylinder 113 is hinged between the top plate 111 and the side plate 108.

[0044] See also Figure 9-11 After the side plate 108 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the side plate 108 does not abut against the L-shaped limit strip 103; on the contrary, after the side plate 108 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, the side plate 108 abuts against the L-shaped limit strip 103 again. Then the cylinder 113 moves down and contracts with the clamping plate 112, and the clamping plate 112 can lock the flange 8 and the cover 9.

[0045] A continuous coking process comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Raw material preparation: Select suitable heavy petroleum residue as raw material and perform pretreatment;

[0047] S2, heating and reaction: the crude oil in S1 is heated to a high temperature of about 500°C by a heating furnace, and then enters a coking tower; in the coking tower, the crude oil undergoes deep cracking and condensation reactions under high temperature conditions to generate products such as gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil and petroleum coke;

[0048] S3, Coke accumulation and switching: When the coke in a coking tower accumulates to a certain height, it will switch to another coking tower to continue the coking reaction after 24 hours; the coking tower full of coke will be cooled, purged and hydraulically decoked to remove the coke in the tower and prepare for the next coking operation;

[0049] S4. Product separation and processing: The gas and liquid products discharged from the top of the coking tower are cooled, separated and processed to obtain pure petroleum products; while the solid petroleum coke is recovered and stored through steps such as solid-liquid separation.

[0050] Working principle: When opening the cover 9, the output end of the cylinder 113 is controlled to extend upward and push the top plate 111 upward, and then the clamping plate 112 will not press the flange 8, and then the driving motor 107 drives the driving gear 106 to rotate, and the driving gear 106 drives the auxiliary gear 105 and the sleeve 104 to rotate, and then the side plate 108, the slide bar 110, the top plate 111, the clamping plate 112 and the cylinder 113 are controlled to rotate ninety degrees. During this process, the flange 8 and the cover 9 will not be locked;

[0051] Then, the cover 9 is pushed down along the axis of the drive shaft 17 by the push spring 22. During this process, the flange 8 and the cover 9 are no longer in contact with each other. Then, the servo motor 16 is driven to rotate the drive shaft 17 180 degrees, and the cover 9 is completely offset from the flange 8 (refer to Figure 6-7 ), this process realizes the automatic opening of the cover 9, and no manpower is required to rotate and open it, thereby improving the operating efficiency.

[0052] When discharging petroleum coke, one end of the guide plate 11 is pushed upward by the hydraulic rod 13 , and the guide plate 11 becomes inclined, and the petroleum coke enters the storage device along the inclined direction of the guide plate 11 .

[0053] When the cover 9 is closed, the servo motor 16 is driven to rotate the cover 9 back to its original position, and the cover 9 touches the pressure sensor 24, indicating that the cover 9 has rotated to its original position, and the servo motor 16 can stop running;

[0054] By driving the motor 107, the driving gear 106, the auxiliary gear 105, the sleeve 104 and the side plate 108 can be rotated counterclockwise by 90 degrees. After the side plate 108 is rotated, it is just pressed against the bottom of the L-shaped limit strip 103. After the top plate 111 and the clamping plate 112 are rotated, they are just located above the flange 8. Then, the top plate 111 and the clamping plate 112 are moved downward by the cylinder 113. The clamping plate 112 can lock the flange 8 and the cover 9 to ensure that the two are tightly connected without leakage.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous coking device, comprising a frame (1), a coke drum (2) fixedly mounted inside the frame (1), a tower top cover (3) detachably mounted on the top of the coke drum (2), a cleaning nozzle (4) and an exhaust nozzle (5) fixedly mounted on the top of the tower top cover (3), a tower bottom cover (6) detachably mounted on the bottom of the coke drum (2), a feed nozzle (7) fixedly mounted on the side of the tower bottom cover (6), and a flange (8) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tower bottom cover (6), characterized in that: A cover (9) is provided at the bottom of the flange (8), and three locking components (10) are arranged in an annular manner at the bottom of the cover (9). A material guide plate (11) is rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame (1) and located at the bottom of the cover (9). A cross bar (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the material guide plate (11) and the inner bottom wall of the frame (1), and a hydraulic rod (13) is movably installed between the cross bars (12). A limit block (14) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the frame (1) and located at the bottom of the material guide plate (11).

2. A continuous coking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange (8) and the cover (9) are both fixedly mounted with wing plates (15), a driving servo motor (16) is fixedly mounted on the wing plate (15) on the side of the flange (8), a driving shaft (17) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the driving servo motor (16), a limiting plate (18) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the driving shaft (17), a limiting strip (19) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the driving shaft (17), and a limiting groove (20) corresponding to the limiting strip (19) is provided on the wing plate (15) on the side of the cover (9).

3. A continuous coking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sleeves (21) are sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft (17), a push spring (22) is arranged between the two sleeves (21), and the push spring (22) is sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft (17). A limiting arc plate (23) is fixedly installed on the side of the flange (8), and a pressure sensor (24) is embedded in the interior of the limiting arc plate (23).

4. A continuous coking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock component (10) comprises a U-shaped seat (101), wherein the U-shaped seat (101) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover (9), a hinge shaft (102) is inserted into the interior of the U-shaped seat (101), an L-shaped limit strip (103) is fixedly mounted on the side of the U-shaped seat (101), a sleeve (104) is sleeved on the outer side of the hinge shaft (102), an auxiliary gear (105) is fixedly mounted on one end of the sleeve (104), a driving gear (106) is meshed above the auxiliary gear (105), the driving gear (106) is fixedly connected to the output end of a driving motor (107), and the tail end of the driving motor (107) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the U-shaped seat (101).

5. A continuous coking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A side plate (108) is fixedly mounted on the side of the sleeve (104), a sliding sleeve (109) is embedded inside the side plate (108), a sliding rod (110) is slidably mounted inside the sliding sleeve (109), a top plate (111) is fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding rod (110), a clamping plate (112) is fixedly mounted on the side of the top plate (111), and a cylinder (113) is hinged between the top plate (111) and the side plate (108).

6. A continuous coking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wing plate (15) slides up and down on the driving shaft (17) through the limiting strip (19) and the limiting groove (20), and the cover (9) rotates and presses against the pressure sensor (24) on the side of the limiting arc plate (23).

7. A continuous coking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top plate (111) slides up and down on the side plate (108) through the sliding rod (110) and the sliding sleeve (109), and the clamping plate (112) is rotated and pressed against the top of the flange (8).

8. A continuous coking process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material preparation: Select suitable heavy petroleum residue as raw material and perform pretreatment; S2, heating and reaction: the crude oil in S1 is heated to a high temperature of about 500°C by a heating furnace, and then enters a coking tower; in the coking tower, the crude oil undergoes deep cracking and condensation reactions under high temperature conditions to generate products such as gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil and petroleum coke; S3, Coke accumulation and switching: When the coke in a coking tower accumulates to a certain height, it will switch to another coking tower to continue the coking reaction after 24 hours; the coking tower full of coke will be cooled, purged and hydraulically decoked to remove the coke in the tower and prepare for the next coking operation; S4. Product separation and processing: The gas and liquid products discharged from the top of the coking tower are cooled, separated and processed to obtain pure petroleum products; while the solid petroleum coke is recovered and stored through steps such as solid-liquid separation.

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