Ballast blocking device and railway structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and discloses a ballast blocking device which comprises a side ditch protection assembly and a ballast blocking assembly, the side ditch protection assembly comprises a rib plate and a heel plate which are arranged above a side ditch, the ballast blocking assembly comprises a vertical plate and a load reducing plate, one end of the heel plate extends into a ballast bed, the other end of the heel plate is connected with the rib plate, and the vertical plate is connected with the side ditch protection assembly. The vertical plate is arranged above the joint of the heel plate and the rib plate, the axis of the vertical plate is perpendicular to the axis of the rib plate, one end of the load reducing plate is installed on the working face, facing the ballast bed, of the vertical plate, and the other end of the load reducing plate extends into the ballast bed. The cutting protection device is simple in structure and convenient to install, the construction cost can be reduced, the railway ballast on the cutting ballast bed after track lifting can be laterally restrained, and the situation that the railway ballast occupies an existing cutting shoulder or a cutting side ditch, and consequently the cutting side ditch is damaged is avoided. In addition, the invention further relates to a railway structure comprising the ballast blocking device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and in particular to a ballast retaining device. In addition, the present invention also relates to a railway structure including the ballast retaining device. Background Art

[0002] The construction foundation of the railway is to excavate or fill on the natural ground to form a road cutting or embankment. The road cutting is excavated from the original ground downwards, which can play a role in alleviating the longitudinal slope of the road or controlling the elevation of the crossing line across the ridge. The railway will be put into use after the construction is completed. Among them, the road cutting roadbed, as an important part of the track, usually refers to the ballast layer laid under the railway sleepers and on the roadbed surface. During the long-term operation of the train, the train load, deadweight and vibration may cause the roadbed filling and compaction to fail to meet the requirements, resulting in local or large-area vertical deformation, and the road cutting roadbed will sink. The settlement of the road cutting roadbed will cause the railway line to sink, affecting the track elevation and the safety of train operation.

[0003] After the cutting settles, in order to ensure the track elevation and the safety of train operation, the track is often raised by filling ballast, or ballast filling, to adjust the line smoothness in real time, which also causes the thickness of the railway track bed to continue to increase. Since the distance between the track bed in the cutting and the side ditch of the cutting is not large, the ballast on both sides of the track bed will occupy the shoulders of the existing cutting after the track is raised and ballast is filled, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, making it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally.

[0004] Secondly, the industry standard "Railway Line Repair Rules" requires that the shoulder width of the embankment section should not be less than 0.8 meters. Raising the roadbed by filling ballast will cause the ballast on both sides to occupy the side ditch, causing the ballast to cover the side ditch cover, which will hinder the subsequent cleaning or maintenance of the inside of the side ditch. The rolling ballast may even damage the side ditch cover, and the ballast will flow into the side ditch, thereby blocking the drainage channel inside the side ditch. In addition, when there is continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the drainage capacity of the side ditch cannot meet the drainage requirements. At this time, the rainwater will overflow the cover and flow into the roadbed, causing flooding of the roadbed, destroying the stability of the roadbed and roadbed, and seriously affecting the safe operation of the railway.

[0005] In response to the above problems, technicians in this field have widened the shoulders by laying pile foundation crown beams on both sides of the roadbed. However, this method is expensive and labor-intensive. On the other hand, the pile foundation crown beam is constructed based on the height of the current ballast-filled road. If the subsequent road cutting continues to settle, the previously constructed pile foundation crown beam will not be able to fully and effectively widen the shoulders. In addition, the construction process of widening the roadbed with pile foundation crown beams is characterized by many points, deep holes, a wide excavation range, and a large amount of concrete, which has a great impact on the roadbed. During the rainy season, digging holes will cause rainwater to seep into the bottom of the roadbed, which will further aggravate the impact on the stability of the roadbed.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of ballast retaining device. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a ballast retaining device and a railway structure. The cutting protection device has a simple structure and is easy to install, which can reduce the project cost and can also laterally restrain the ballast on the cutting roadbed after the track is lifted, thereby preventing the ballast from encroaching on the existing cutting shoulder or cutting ditch and causing damage to the cutting ditch.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a ballast retaining device, including a ditch protection assembly and a ballast retaining assembly, the ditch protection assembly includes a rib plate and a heel plate arranged above the ditch, the ballast retaining assembly includes a vertical plate and a load-reducing plate, one end of the heel plate extends to the inside of the ballast bed, the other end of the heel plate is connected to the rib plate, the vertical plate is arranged above the connection between the heel plate and the rib plate, and the axis of the vertical plate is perpendicular to the axis of the rib plate, one end of the load-reducing plate is installed on the working surface of the vertical plate facing the ballast bed, and the other end of the load-reducing plate extends to the inside of the ballast bed.

[0009] Furthermore, the upright plate, the heel plate and the rib plate are integrally formed.

[0010] Furthermore, the side ditch protection assembly also includes a tenon, which is arranged on the lower surface of the heel plate, and the upper end surface of the tenon is flush with the lower edge of the roadbed.

[0011] Furthermore, the rib plate includes a plate body and a three-dimensional geogrid mat, and the three-dimensional geogrid mat is arranged in a through hole opened inside the plate body.

[0012] Furthermore, the rib plate also includes a plurality of positioning plates, which are fixedly installed under the plate body and arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The side ditch is located between the two oppositely arranged positioning plates, and the working surface of the positioning plate facing the side ditch is in contact with the outer surface of the side ditch.

[0013] Furthermore, the ballast retaining assembly also includes a pad block, and the pad block is arranged between the load relief plate and the vertical plate.

[0014] Furthermore, an angle is formed between the upper surface of the load-reducing plate and the vertical plate, and the angle is less than 90°.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a reinforcement structure, which is arranged on the side of the vertical plate facing away from the roadbed, and the reinforcement structure includes a buttress plate arranged between the vertical plate and the rib plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a ballast retaining block is arranged on the load reducing plate, and an angle is formed between the working surface of the ballast retaining block facing the track bed and the upper surface of the load reducing plate, and the angle is less than 90°.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention further discloses a railway cutting, comprising a slope, a ballast bed, a side ditch between the slope and the ballast bed, and a ballast retaining device according to any one of the above technical solutions.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] a) The ballast retaining device provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is convenient to construct. After the ballast is filled and the road is raised, the width of the road cut shoulder and the smoothness of the drainage of the road cut ditch can be guaranteed, and it has a very important application value for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the railway.

[0020] b) The ballast retaining device provided by the present invention can provide lateral constraints on the ballast after the road is lifted through the integrated upright plate, heel plate, rib plate and load-reducing plate, thereby avoiding problems such as the ballast encroaching on the side ditch and damaging the side ditch. At the same time, when encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the ballast retaining device can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into the roadbed, significantly improving the flood control and resistance capacity of the roadbed and maintaining the stability of the roadbed.

[0021] c) In the ballast retaining device provided by the present invention, the rib plate is equivalent to the wall toe plate in the ballast retaining plate. The integrated rib plate, heel plate and vertical plate form an inverted T-shape, which can greatly improve the bending moment and bending performance of the overall structure of the ballast retaining plate.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and part of them will become obvious from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the ballast retaining device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rib plate in the ballast retaining device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the railway structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the side ditch of the railway structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plate body in the railway structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the geogrid in the railway structure of the present invention.

[0030] Description of Reference Numerals

[0031] 1-side slope; 2-ballast bed; 3-side ditch; 4-inverted trapezoidal cavity; 5-fixed parts; 6-geogrid; 61-support net; 62-high-strength net; 63-support rod; 7-edge net box; 8-middle net box; 9-crushing platform; 10-anti-seepage layer; 11-rib plate; 111-plate body; 1111-main plate; 1112-first side plate; 1113-second side plate; 1114-rotating plate ; 1115-first rotating rod; 1116-second rotating rod; 1117-main rotating rod; 1118-first locking rod; 1119-second locking rod; 11110-locking ring; 112-three-dimensional geonet mat; 12-vertical plate; 13-load-reducing plate; 14-heel plate; 15-drainage hole; 16-tenon; 17-positioning plate; 18-buttress plate; 19-pad; 20-ballast retaining block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "provided with", "installed", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", are defined based on the upper and lower parts of the corresponding components. In addition, "facing" and "backward" are defined based on the direction in which the ballast plate is used, and the "axis" is defined based on the arrangement direction of the drainage channel provided by the present invention. Specifically, in the drawings provided by the present invention, the orientation or position relationship used is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The orientation terms of the present invention should be understood in conjunction with the actual installation state.

[0035] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used to explain the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] The first aspect of the present application provides a ballast retaining device, see Figure 1 , including ribs 11, vertical plates 12, load-reducing plates 13 and heel plates 14. The ribs 11 are erected above the side ditch 3, one end of the heel plate 14 is inserted into the ballast bed 2, and the other end of the heel plate 14 is fixedly connected to the ribs 11. The vertical plates 12 are arranged above the connection between the heel plates 14 and the ribs 11, and the axis of the vertical plates 12 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical plates 11, that is, the vertical plates 12 are vertically arranged on the ribs 11. In addition, a load-reducing plate 13 is also arranged on the vertical plates 12, one end of the load-reducing plate 13 is installed on the working surface of the vertical plates 12 facing the ballast bed 2, and the other end of the load-reducing plate extends to the inside of the ballast bed 2.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the ballast retaining device provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and is convenient to construct. After filling the ballast and raising the road, it can ensure the width of the road cut and shoulder and the smooth drainage of the road cut ditch, and has very important application value for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the railway.

[0038] It should be noted that a plurality of load-reducing plates 13 may be provided along the height direction of the vertical plate 12 , and an angle is formed between the upper surface of each load-reducing plate 13 and the working surface of the vertical plate 12 facing the track bed 2 , and the angle is less than 90°.

[0039] Specifically, the ballast retaining device provided by the present invention, on the one hand, can provide lateral constraints on the ballast after the road is lifted through the integrated vertical plate 12, heel plate 14, rib plate 11 and load-reducing plate 13, thereby avoiding problems such as the ballast encroaching on the side ditch 3 and damaging the side ditch 3. At the same time, when encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the ballast retaining device can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into the roadbed 2, significantly improving the flood control and resistance capability of the roadbed 2 and maintaining the stability of the roadbed 2.

[0040] On the other hand, as a specific embodiment of the present invention, a load-reducing plate 13 with a certain slope is provided, that is, an angle is formed between the upper surface of the load-reducing plate 13 and the working surface of the vertical plate 12 facing the roadbed 2, and the angle is less than 90°. The load-reducing plate 13 divides the soil of the roadbed 2 into at least two layers in the vertical direction. The vertical plate 12 and the load-reducing plate 13 only need to bear the soil pressure of the corresponding layers, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the soil pressure borne by the ballast retaining plate and reducing the lateral pressure of the ballast on the lower part of the vertical plate 12. At the same time, since the load-reducing plate 13 has a certain slope, it can guide the water medium in the roadbed 2 so that the water medium can quickly flow out of the roadbed 2 to avoid flooding of the roadbed 2.

[0041] On the other hand, the rib plate 11 is equivalent to the wall toe plate in the ballast retaining plate. The integrated rib plate 11, heel plate 14 and vertical plate 12 form an inverted T-shaped structure, which can greatly improve the bending moment and bending performance of the overall structure of the ballast retaining plate.

[0042] In order to further achieve uniform distribution of soil pressure on the ballast retaining plate, the number of the load-reducing plates 13 is multiple, for example, 2 to 5, and the multiple load-reducing plates 13 are distributed in the vertical direction, so that the soil of the roadbed 2 can be divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction.

[0043] In order to ensure the connection stability between the load relief plate 13 and the ballast bed 2, illustratively, the length of the load relief plate 13 inserted into the ballast bed 2 is not less than 1 m, for example, 1.2 to 1.5 m.

[0044] Considering that the ballast bed 2 is a trapezoidal structure and the soil pressure at the lower part of the ballast bed 2 is greater than that at the upper part, the length of the load-reducing plate 13 gradually increases from top to bottom, and accordingly, the length of the load-reducing plate 13 inserted into the ballast bed 2 also gradually increases.

[0045] From the perspective of drainage, illustratively, the slope of the load-reducing plate 13 is i, 0.5%≤i≤5%.

[0046] Similarly, in order to further improve the drainage performance of the ballast retaining device, a drainage hole 15 is provided on the vertical plate 12. The drainage hole 15 is provided at the connection between the vertical plate 12 and the load-reducing plate 13 and is located on the upper surface of the load-reducing plate 13. The axial direction of the drainage hole 15 is the same as the setting direction of the load-reducing plate 13, that is, the slope of the drainage hole 15 is the same as the slope of the load-reducing plate 13. In this way, the water medium in the soil of different layers of the roadbed can flow along the load-reducing plate 13 to the connection between the loading plate and the vertical plate 12, and be discharged through the drainage hole 15.

[0047] It should also be noted that Figure 1The structural diagram is only for a better understanding of the ballast retaining device provided by the present invention. The length and specifications of the ballast retaining device can be set according to the specific usage conditions when the ballast retaining device is set, and the ballast retaining device provided by the present invention is set on both sides of the track bed 2 to provide all-round protection for the track bed 2 and the side ditches 3 on both sides. It should also be noted that the height of the vertical plate 12 needs to be set according to the specific track elevation and cannot affect the normal travel of the train.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vertical plate 12, the heel plate 14 and the rib plate 11 are an integrally formed part. When encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the integrally formed part can improve the structural strength of the entire structure as a whole. Furthermore, the vertical plate 12, the heel plate 14, the rib plate 11 and the load-reducing plate 13 are an integrally formed part, which improves the bending moment of the entire structure and greatly improves the bending performance of the protective device structure.

[0049] It should be noted that, along the length direction of the ballast 2, the vertical plates 12, heel plates 14 and load-reducing plates 13 are all continuous structures, while the rib plates 11 are discontinuous structures and are intermittently arranged. It should be noted that the "discontinuous structure" means that, in order to ensure the integrity of the structure and to ensure the integrity of the ballast 2 as much as possible, the rib plates 11 can be arranged longer along the length direction of the ballast 2 within an allowable range, and are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ballast 2, while the "continuous structure" means that each rib plate 11 can be provided with a plurality of vertical plates 12, heel plates 14 or load-reducing plates 13, wherein the vertical plates 12 and heel plates 14 are evenly spaced in the length direction of the rib plates 11, and the load-reducing plates 13 are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the vertical plates 12.

[0050] In order to improve the overall anti-slip stability of the ballast retaining device, the side ditch protection assembly also includes a tenon 16, which is arranged on the lower surface of the heel plate 14, and the upper end surface of the tenon 16 is flush with the lower edge of the ballast bed 2. In this way, through the arrangement of the tenon 16, the ballast retaining device can be firmly connected to the soil under the ballast bed 2, thereby improving the anti-slip stability of the ballast retaining device. It should be noted that a groove capable of accommodating the tenon 16 is arranged on the soil under the ballast bed 2, and the groove and the tenon 16 are interference fit.

[0051] Considering that the arrangement of the rib plate 11 will affect the drainage performance of the side ditch 3, for the structure of the rib plate 11, see Figure 2, which includes a plate body 111 and a three-dimensional geogrid 112. The plate body 111 is provided with a through hole, and the three-dimensional geogrid 112 is built in the through hole. The rib plate 11 with such a structure and the three-dimensional geogrid 112 built in the through hole have a reinforcement effect on the one hand, which can improve the overall structural strength of the rib plate 11. On the other hand, on the basis of ensuring that the external water medium can smoothly pass through the three-dimensional geogrid 112, it can filter out debris media other than the water medium, prevent the debris from passing through the through hole into the inside of the side ditch 3, and avoid the situation of blockage of the side ditch drainage.

[0052] In order to improve the connection stability between the rib plate 11 and the side ditch 3, the rib plate also includes a plurality of positioning plates, which are fixedly installed under the plate body, and the positioning plates are arranged opposite to each other in pairs, the side ditch is located between the two positioning plates arranged oppositely, and the working surface of the positioning plate facing the side ditch is in contact with the outer surface of the side ditch. In other words, the positioning plate 17 is fixedly connected to the plate body 111, one positioning plate 17 is arranged on one side of the side ditch, and the other positioning plate 17 is arranged on the other side of the side ditch, and the working surface of the positioning plate 17 in contact with the side ditch 3 is conformal to the working surface of the side ditch 3 in contact with the positioning plate 17, so that, on the one hand, during the construction process, the positioning plate 17 is directly placed in the side ditch 3, so that the rib plate 11 can be stably installed, and the operation is simple; on the other hand, the positioning plate 17 can be stably clamped in the side ditch 3, thereby improving the stability of the rib plate 11.

[0053] Taking into account that the vertical plate 12 is the main force-bearing component, in order to improve its stability, the above-mentioned ballast retaining device also includes a reinforcing structure, which is arranged on the side of the vertical plate 12 facing away from the track bed 2, and the reinforcing structure is arranged between the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 11. It can be understood that the reinforcing structure is a buttress plate 18, which is arranged at the connection between the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 11, and is located on the side of the vertical plate 12 facing away from the track bed.

[0054] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the buttress plate 18 is a right triangle, so that it can be tightly clamped at the connection between the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 11, and stably support the lower part of the vertical plate 12, thereby improving the overall stability of the vertical plate 12.

[0055] In addition to the above specific implementation methods, the reinforcement structure can also be a number of reinforcement support rods, one end of the support rod is connected to the vertical plate 12, and the other end is connected to the rib plate 11. The vertical plate 12, the rib plate 11 and the reinforcement support rods together form a triangle to strengthen the connection strength between the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 11.

[0056] Similarly, in order to improve the stability of the load-reducing plate 13, the above-mentioned ballast retaining device also includes a pad 19, which is arranged at the connection between the load-reducing plate 13 and the vertical plate 12 and is located on the lower surface of the load-reducing plate 13. In this way, through the setting of the pad 19, the end of the load-reducing plate 13 close to the vertical plate 12 can be stably supported, thereby improving the overall stability of the load-reducing plate 13.

[0057] Considering that the shape of the ballast bed is usually trapezoidal, a ballast retaining block 20 is provided on the load-reducing plate 13, and an angle is formed between the working surface of the ballast retaining block 20 facing the ballast bed 2 and the upper surface of the load-reducing plate 13, and the angle is less than 90°. There is a gap between the vertical plate 12 and the ballast bed, and the ballast will enter the gap. Therefore, the above-mentioned ballast retaining device also includes a ballast retaining block 20, which is provided on the upper surface of the load-reducing plate 13 and is connected to the ballast on the side facing the ballast bed. In this way, through the provision of the ballast retaining block 20, each layer of ballast can be laterally limited.

[0058] A second aspect of the present invention provides a railway structure, see Figure 3 , comprising a slope 1, a ballast bed 2, a ditch 3 between the slope 1 and the ballast bed 2, and the ballast retaining device provided by the first aspect of the present invention.

[0059] Specifically, see Figure 4 The side ditch 3 includes a ditch body, a crushing platform 9 and a covering component, wherein the crushing platform 9 is arranged on both sides of the ditch body, and the covering component includes a geogrid 6 and a gravel box, wherein the gravel box can be a metal gravel box). The geogrid 6 covers the top of the ditch body. The gravel box is divided into an edge box 7 located on both sides above the ditch body and a middle box 8 located between the edge boxes 7 on both sides. The side of the geogrid 6 reversely covers the edge box 7, and the middle box 8 is placed on the geogrid 6.

[0060] The side ditch structure of the above structure is simple and easy to construct, which can significantly improve the service life and drainage capacity of the side ditch and ensure the safe and stable operation of the railway line.

[0061] Specifically, on the one hand, the existing ditch covers are usually embedded / built-in, and the covers need to be tailored according to the actual situation of the ditch body and are not universally applicable. The holes in the cover make it impossible to filter out debris. At the same time, the opening of the holes will lead to a low structural strength of the cover itself, which is easily damaged when affected by factors such as temperature changes. In the ditch 3 of this embodiment, the covering component is changed from the traditional embedded type to the external type, and the geogrid 6 reversely covers the edge mesh box 7, and the middle mesh box 8 is placed on the geogrid 6, so that the force of the edge metal grain stone mesh box is inward, reducing the horizontal stress generated by the covering component on the railway slope side and the railway bed side.

[0062] On the other hand, by using a granular stone box as the main structure of the covering component and a geogrid 6 as the supporting structure, the covering component can have both structural strength and buffering effect, thereby reducing the impact of rainfall and external water bodies and blocky gravel media flowing down the slope on the ditch, eliminating the potential energy of external water bodies and blocky gravel media, and thus reducing the impact damage of external media on the ditch.

[0063] On the other hand, the granular stone box has a porous structure, which can not only ensure that the external water medium can pass through smoothly and flow into the ditch, but also filter the debris or blocky gravel media rolling down the slope to prevent the ditch from being blocked.

[0064] It should be noted that due to the arrangement of the ribs 11, the geogrid 6 cannot be laid in the longitudinal direction of the ditch body. Therefore, along the longitudinal direction of the ditch body, one end of the geogrid 6 between two adjacent ribs 11 is detachably connected to one of the ribs 11, and the other end of the geogrid 6 between two adjacent ribs 11 is detachably connected to the other rib 11. In this way, when blockage occurs somewhere in the ditch body, the corresponding geogrid 6 can be separated from the ribs 11, and the ditch body can be cleaned without removing all the geogrids 6. The removal of one geogrid 6 will not affect the tensioning force of other geogrids 6, thereby greatly improving the service life of the side ditch. In addition, the geogrid 6 and the granular stone box can increase the counterweight of the ribs 11 to ensure the overall structural stability.

[0065] Considering that the geogrid 6 may deform during long-term service, causing the stone box to fall and sink, the block gravel will accumulate in the sunken position, causing the block gravel to accumulate, in order to adjust the tension of the geogrid 6 without removing the geogrid 6, the structure of the plate 111 is specifically described in detail. Figure 5, which includes a main board 1111, a first side board 1112, a second side board 1113, a distance adjusting member and a locking member, the first side board 1112 is arranged on one side of the main board 1111, the geogrid 6 close to the first side board 1112 is hung on the first side board 1112, the second side board 1113 is arranged on the other side of the main board 1111, the geogrid 6 close to the second side board 1113 is hung on the second side board 1113, the distance adjusting member includes a rotating plate 1114, a first rotating rod 1115, a second rotating rod 1116 and a main rotating rod 1117, the first rotating rod 1118 is provided on the second rotating rod 1119, and the second rotating rod 1120 is provided on the second rotating rod 1121. A rotating rod 1115 is disposed on the first side plate 1112 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 1112, a second rotating rod 1116 is disposed on the second side plate 1113 and is fixedly connected to the second side plate 1113, a main rotating rod 1117 is disposed on the main board 1111 and is fixedly connected to the main board 1111, one end of the rotating plate 1114 is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod 1115, the other end of the rotating plate 1114 is rotatably connected to the second rotating rod 1116, the middle part of the rotating plate 1114 is rotatably connected to the main rotating rod 1117, and the locking member includes a first lock The first locking rod 1118, the second locking rod 1119 and the locking ring 11110, the first locking rod 1118 is arranged on the first side plate 1112 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 1112, the second locking rod 1119 is arranged on the main board 1111 and is fixedly connected to the main board 1111, one end of the locking ring 11110 is rotatably connected to the first locking rod 1118, and the other end of the locking ring 11110 is sleeved on the second locking rod 1119 and is detachably connected to the second locking rod 1119. During the construction process, the other end of the locking ring 11110 is detachably connected to the second locking rod 1119. One end is not connected to the second locking rod 1119. Under the tensioning force of the geogrid 6, the rotating plate 1114 is perpendicular to the main board 1111, the first side plate 1112 and the second side plate 1113. When the geogrid 6 is deformed, the locking ring 11110 is pulled to make the rotating plate 1114 rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first side plate 1112 and the second side plate 1113 move toward the main board 1111, so that the locking ring 11110 is sleeved on the second locking rod 1119, thereby realizing the re-tensioning of the geogrid 6.

[0066] In addition, it should be noted that in the lateral direction of the side ditch, there are multiple intermediate net boxes 8, and multiple intermediate net boxes 8 are evenly and neatly stacked on the geogrid 6. For example, the number of intermediate net boxes 8 is six, the number of edge net boxes 7 is two, one side of the geogrid 6 covers one of the edge net boxes 7, and the other side of the geogrid 6 covers another edge net box 7, and the six intermediate net boxes 8 are stacked on the geogrid 6.

[0067] In order to improve the installation stability of the geogrid 6, the above-mentioned covering assembly also includes a fixing member 5 (for example, a U-shaped nail), one end of the fixing member 5 is fixedly connected to the crushing platform 9, and the other end of the fixing member 5 penetrates the geogrid 6 and is inserted into the edge mesh box 7 and fixedly connected to the edge mesh box 7.

[0068] As for the structure of the ditch body, specifically, it includes a rectangular cavity and an inverted trapezoidal cavity 4 arranged in sequence from bottom to top. In this way, compared with the traditional rectangular ditch body or inverted trapezoidal ditch body, the ditch body of this embodiment adopts a combined structure of an inverted trapezoid and a rectangle. Under the premise that the excavation project is not increased much, the rectangular cavity can ensure that the side ditch has a sufficiently wide drainage channel, that is, a drainage area. At the same time, on the one hand, the inverted trapezoidal cavity 4 can guide the flow of the external water body so that it can flow smoothly into the ditch body and reduce the accumulation of water medium near the railway slope. On the other hand, the inverted trapezoid can effectively buffer the external water body and reduce the impact on the bottom of the ditch body.

[0069] The above-mentioned side ditch also includes an anti-seepage layer 10, which is laid on the outside of the ditch body. The anti-seepage layer 10 includes two stacked geotextiles and a bentonite layer between the two stacked geotextiles. The mass of bentonite per unit area of ​​the anti-seepage layer 10 is not less than 4.0 kg / m2. In this way, through the provision of the anti-seepage layer 10, when the ditch structure has unforeseen cracks and water seepage, the bentonite in the anti-seepage layer 10 can change from disorder to orderly expansion, so that under the restriction of the two layers of geotextiles, the anti-seepage layer 10 itself is dense, so as to have waterproof and anti-seepage effects.

[0070] Considering that the geogrid 6 needs to bear not only its own weight but also the weight of the granular stone box, it may become loose during long-term service, resulting in insufficient tension. Therefore, the structure of the geogrid 6 is specifically a double-layer structure, see Figure 6 , including a support mesh 61 and a high-strength mesh 62 stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the tensile strength of the high-strength mesh 62 is greater than the tensile strength of the support mesh 61, and a support rod 63 is provided between the support mesh 61 and the high-strength mesh 62, the upper end of the support rod 63 abuts against the support mesh 61, and the lower end of the support rod 63 abuts against the high-strength mesh 62. Exemplarily, the number of support rods 63 is multiple, and multiple support rods 63 are arranged in the central area of ​​the stretching geogrid 6. In this way, through the arrangement of the support rods 63, the support mesh 61 is lifted up to form an inverted arch structure, which reserves a certain margin for the relaxation of the geogrid 6. In addition, the inverted arch structure can also reduce the accumulation of block gravel.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific implementation", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0074] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A ballast retaining device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ditch protection component and a ballast retaining component, wherein the ditch protection component comprises a rib plate (11) and a heel plate (14) arranged above the ditch (3), and the ballast retaining component comprises a vertical plate (12) and a load-reducing plate (13), wherein one end of the heel plate (14) extends into the inside of the ballast bed (2), and the other end of the heel plate (14) is connected to the rib plate (11), and the vertical plate (12) is arranged above the connection between the heel plate (14) and the rib plate (11), and the axis of the vertical plate (12) is perpendicular to the axis of the rib plate (11), and one end of the load-reducing plate (13) is installed on the working surface of the vertical plate (12) facing the ballast bed (2), and the other end of the load-reducing plate (13) extends into the inside of the ballast bed (2).

2. The ballast retaining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright plate (12), the heel plate (14) and the rib plate (11) are integrally formed parts.

3. The ballast retaining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side ditch protection component also includes a tenon (16), which is arranged on the lower surface of the heel plate (14), and the upper end surface of the tenon (16) is flush with the lower edge of the ballast bed (2).

4. The ballast retaining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rib plate (11) comprises a plate body (111) and a three-dimensional geonet pad (112), wherein the three-dimensional geonet pad (112) is arranged in a through hole opened inside the plate body (111).

5. The ballast retaining device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rib plate (11) further comprises a plurality of positioning plates (17), wherein the positioning plates (17) are fixedly mounted below the plate body (111), and the positioning plates (17) are arranged opposite to each other in pairs, the side ditch (3) is located between the two oppositely arranged positioning plates (17), and the working surface of the positioning plate (17) facing the side ditch (3) is in contact with the outer surface of the side ditch (3).

6. The ballast retaining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The ballast retaining assembly further comprises a cushion block (19), wherein the cushion block (19) is arranged between the load-reducing plate (13) and the vertical plate (12).

7. The ballast retaining device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An angle is formed between the upper surface of the load-reducing plate (13) and the vertical plate (12), and the angle is less than 90°.

8. The ballast retaining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcement structure, which is arranged on the side of the vertical plate (12) facing away from the track bed (2), and the reinforcement structure includes a buttress plate (18) arranged between the vertical plate (12) and the rib plate (11).

9. The ballast retaining device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A ballast retaining block (20) is arranged on the load-reducing plate (13), and an angle is formed between the working surface of the ballast retaining block (20) facing the track bed (2) and the upper surface of the load-reducing plate (13), and the angle is less than 90°.

10. A railway structure, characterized in that: It comprises a slope (1), a ballast bed (2), a ditch (3) between the slope (1) and the ballast bed (2), and a ballast retaining device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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