A heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchange sleeve device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources, and relates to the technical field of energy recovery equipment. The present invention includes a geothermal layer, wherein a geothermal pipe is installed inside the geothermal layer, and a heat-absorbing metal sheet is installed on the bottom surface of the geothermal pipe; a circulation component is provided on the top of the geothermal layer, and the circulation component includes a main water tank. The present invention can circulate and recover the heat energy in the geothermal layer through the setting of the circulation component. When the working medium circulating fluid enters the geothermal pipe, it forms convection around the geothermal fluid, realizes heat transfer, and effectively improves the utilization efficiency of thermal energy. Through the setting of the diversion component, the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe can be controlled. By changing the circulation direction of the second circulation pipe, the working medium circulating fluid can be concentratedly introduced into the auxiliary water tank, which is convenient for use in an external low-temperature environment, further improving the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy recovery equipment, and in particular relates to a heat exchange sleeve device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources. Background Art

[0002] Geothermal energy is a clean and renewable energy source. The development and utilization of geothermal energy, especially the development of deep geothermal resources, has gradually become one of the key areas of focus in the development of new energy. At present, the development and utilization of geothermal resources not only include direct utilization such as heating and planting, but also can realize geothermal cooling and medium and high temperature geothermal resource power generation. In addition, geothermal resource development has also developed from medium and shallow hydrothermal resources to deeper geothermal, dry hot rock resources and other deeper formations. Heat pipes use the phase change of the working fluid in the pipe to quickly transfer heat from the high temperature section to the low temperature section. Heat pipes have high heat transfer rate, excellent isothermal properties and other characteristics. They are one of the most effective heat transfer equipment at present.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent with publication number "CN107144035A" discloses a loop heat pipe geothermal extraction system with adjustable working fluid circulation flow. The circulation flow of the working fluid is controlled by controlling a one-way valve or a steam pump, a one-way throttle valve, the heat exchange temperature of a surface heat exchanger, and the liquid height in a liquid storage tank. This ensures that there is no liquid accumulation or dry burning in the outer casing, and that film boiling is achieved, maximizing the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe. This solves the problem of a portion of the evaporation section being filled with a non-boiling liquid column, and the temperature of the liquid phase working fluid being in equilibrium with the rock temperature, so that a large area at the bottom of the evaporation section will not absorb heat from outside the pipe, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency.

[0004] However, the existing technology still has major deficiencies, such as:

[0005] When the geothermal heat exchange tube is placed inside the formation, the working fluid circulation flow body is continuously heated and vaporized, and the heat is transferred upward in the form of hot steam. However, the rising process of hot steam is easily affected by the external environment. When the external temperature is low, the pressure of the rising hot steam will be affected by the external temperature and decrease, which greatly reduces the heat transfer efficiency. Moreover, when the working fluid circulation flow body is continuously heated, impurities from the inner wall of the pipe and the inside of the circulation equipment will continue to accumulate inside the working fluid circulation flow body, which greatly reduces the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, precipitation and agglomeration are prone to occur inside the pipe wall.

[0006] To this end, we provide a heat exchange sleeve device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources. Through the cooperation of a circulation component, a diversion component, a heat exchange component and a heat conduction component, the problem in the prior art that geothermal heat exchange pipes are easily affected by the external temperature when exchanging heat through hot steam, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency, and when the working fluid circulation flow body is continuously heated, impurities from the inner wall of the pipe and the inside of the circulation equipment will continue to accumulate inside the working fluid circulation flow body, affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention is a heat exchange sleeve device for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources, comprising a geothermal layer, a geothermal pipe installed inside the geothermal layer, and a heat-absorbing metal sheet installed on the bottom of the surface of the geothermal pipe;

[0010] A circulation assembly is provided on the top of the geothermal layer, and the circulation assembly includes a main water tank, which is installed on the top of the geothermal layer. A secondary water tank is fixedly connected to one side of the main water tank, and a pressure pump is connected to the front side of the secondary water tank. A first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe are respectively provided inside the geothermal pipe, and the heat energy in the geothermal layer is circulated through the circulation assembly;

[0011] A diverter assembly is provided on the front side of the main water tank, and the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe are controlled by the diverter assembly;

[0012] A heat exchange component is provided on the top of the main water tank, through which the temperature collected inside the geothermal layer is conducted;

[0013] A heat conducting component is provided on the surface of the geothermal pipe, and the heat of the geothermal layer is used by the heat conducting component to preheat the working medium circulation flow body of the secondary circulation.

[0014] The diversion assembly includes a sealing shell, which is connected to the interior of the first circulation pipe. The top of the first circulation pipe is connected to the first water pipe. A driving motor is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing shell. The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a rotating rod. The other end of the rotating rod passes through the interior of the sealing shell and is fixedly connected to a ball valve. A through opening is opened inside the ball valve.

[0015] The surfaces of the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe are both sleeved with support pipes. The rear end of the first circulation pipe is connected to the main water tank, the top end of the first water pipe is connected to the sealing shell, and the top end of the second circulation pipe passes through the geothermal pipe and is connected to the main water tank.

[0016] The bottom of the sealed shell is connected to a second water pipe, the other end of the second water pipe is connected to a pressure pump, and a bracket is fixedly connected between the driving motor and the main water tank.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the heat exchange component includes a steam pipe, the steam pipe is connected to the top of the geothermal pipe, a steam turbine is provided inside the steam pipe, a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inside of the steam turbine, a generator is fixedly connected to one side of the steam pipe, the output end of the generator passes through the steam pipe and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, the rear end of the steam pipe is connected to a plate heat exchanger, and the rear side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to a drain pipe.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that a circulating heat pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the steam pipe, the front end of the circulating heat pipe passes through the steam pipe and is connected to the second water pipe, a solenoid valve is provided on the surface of the circulating heat pipe, the rear end of the circulating heat pipe passes through the steam pipe and is connected to the auxiliary water tank, the bottom of the plate heat exchanger is connected to a third water pipe, and the bottom end of the third water pipe is connected to the main water tank.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that the heat-conducting component includes a heat storage tube, the heat storage tube is respectively fixed to the surface of the first circulation tube and the second circulation tube, and a sealing plug is provided on the top of the heat storage tube.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a first one-way valve is sleeved on the surface of the first circulation pipe, and a second one-way valve is sleeved on the surface of the second circulation pipe.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that a thermal insulation pipe is fixedly connected to the surface of the geothermal pipe, and the front sides of the main water tank and the auxiliary water tank are both connected to a water inlet pipe.

[0022] A method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources using a heat exchange casing device comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1: After the geothermal pipe is placed in the geothermal layer, the working fluid circulation flow body can be injected into the main water tank and the auxiliary water tank. The working fluid circulation flow body entering the main water tank can enter the geothermal pipe through the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe. When the working fluid circulation flow body enters the geothermal pipe, it forms convection around the geothermal fluid to achieve heat transfer. The geothermal temperature is usually between 80℃ and 150℃, which can evaporate the high-temperature working fluid circulation flow body.

[0024] S2: The evaporated gas enters the steam pipe and drives the steam turbine to rotate. The steam turbine transmits power to the generator while rotating. When the steam is cooled and condensed, it produces distilled water. The water is discharged into the main water tank through the pipe at the bottom of the plate heat exchanger for storage, thus achieving the purpose of circulation.

[0025] S3: Simultaneously, the booster pump is started to pump the circulating fluid in the auxiliary water tank into the second water pipe, and then into the circulating heat pipe through the second water pipe. The circulating heat pipe absorbs the heat emitted from the surface of the steam pipe, thus fully utilizing the heat energy.

[0026] S4: When the external environment is at a low temperature, the rising state of the steam will be affected. At this time, the drive motor can be started to drive the ball valve to rotate to close the first circulation pipe, and the opening can be connected with the first water pipe and the second water pipe. At this time, the booster pump can be started again, and the hot water in the geothermal pipe can be pumped out through the booster pump and the second circulation pipe, and the hot water is injected into the auxiliary water tank to realize thermal energy utilization.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention can circulate and recover the heat energy in the geothermal layer through the setting of the circulation component. When the working fluid circulation flow enters the geothermal pipe, it forms convection around the geothermal fluid, realizes heat transfer, and effectively improves the utilization efficiency of thermal energy. Through the setting of the diversion component, the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe can be controlled. By changing the circulation direction of the second circulation pipe, the working fluid circulation flow can be concentratedly introduced into the auxiliary water tank, which is convenient for use in an external low-temperature environment and further improves the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

[0029] 2. The present invention can fully utilize the heat energy carried by the working fluid circulating flow body through the setting of the heat exchange component. The evaporated working fluid circulating flow body drives the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam energy is converted into electrical energy through the generator and transported to the power grid equipment for storage. The steam after passing through the steam pipe enters the plate heat exchanger, and the heat energy is convectively conducted to the external circulating water flow through the plate heat exchanger, thereby realizing full utilization of the heat energy.

[0030] 3. The present invention can preheat the working fluid circulation flow body of the secondary circulation by setting the heat conduction component. The temperature of the working fluid circulation flow body in the main water tank is relatively low. When it is directly injected into the geothermal pipe, the temperature inside the geothermal pipe will be lowered, so that the evaporation temperature is affected. A part of the temperature can be stored through the heat storage pipe fixed on the surface of the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe. During the circulation process, the working fluid circulation flow body discharged from the main water tank can be heated to achieve the preheating effect.

[0031] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 A structural perspective diagram of a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0034] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of a geothermal pipe and a heat storage pipe in a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0035] Figure 3 A top cross-sectional view of a geothermal pipe in a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0036] Figure 4 A side view of a main water tank, a secondary water tank, and a steam pipe in a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0037] Figure 5 A side cross-sectional view of a steam pipe in a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0038] Figure 6 A top view of the front structure of a main water tank in a heat exchange casing device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0039] Figure 7 A side cross-sectional view of a sealed shell in a heat exchange sleeve device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources;

[0040] Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealed shell in a heat exchange sleeve device and method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources.

[0041] In the attached figure: 1. geothermal layer; 2. geothermal pipe; 3. heat-absorbing metal sheet; 4. main water tank; 5. auxiliary water tank; 6. pressure pump; 7. first circulation pipe; 8. second circulation pipe; 9. sealing shell; 10. first water pipe; 11. driving motor; 12. rotating rod; 13. ball valve; 14. opening; 15. support pipe; 16. second water pipe; 17. bracket; 18. steam pipe; 19. steam turbine; 20. transmission shaft; 21. generator; 22. plate heat exchanger; 23. drain pipe; 24. circulating heat pipe; 25. solenoid valve; 26. third water pipe; 27. heat storage pipe; 28. sealing plug; 29. first one-way valve; 30. second one-way valve; 31. insulation pipe; 32. water inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Specific embodiment 1

[0044] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention is a heat exchange sleeve device for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources, comprising a geothermal layer 1, a geothermal pipe 2 installed inside the geothermal layer 1, and a heat-absorbing metal sheet 3 installed on the bottom surface of the geothermal pipe 2;

[0045] A circulation assembly is provided on the top of the geothermal layer 1. The circulation assembly includes a main water tank 4, which is installed on the top of the geothermal layer 1. A secondary water tank 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the main water tank 4. A pressure pump 6 is connected to the front side of the secondary water tank 5. A first circulation pipe 7 and a second circulation pipe 8 are respectively provided inside the geothermal pipe 2. The heat energy in the geothermal layer 1 is circulated through the circulation assembly.

[0046] A diverter assembly is provided on the front side of the main water tank 4, which controls the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8;

[0047] A heat exchange component is provided on the top of the main water tank 4, through which the temperature collected inside the geothermal layer 1 is conducted;

[0048] A heat conducting component is provided on the surface of the geothermal pipe 2, and the heat of the geothermal layer 1 is used to preheat the working medium circulating flow body of the secondary circulation through the heat conducting component.

[0049] Specifically: the geothermal pipe 2 is made of high-temperature alloy steel, which has high corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, and can fully absorb the heat energy in the geothermal layer 1. The heat-absorbing metal sheet 3 can increase the contact area between the geothermal pipe 2 and the geothermal layer 1, thereby increasing the heat exchange effect. The main water tank 4 and the auxiliary water tank 5 are both injected with a working fluid circulation flow body. The first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8 are made of high-temperature alloy steel, which can increase the heat energy absorption efficiency. The pressure pump 6 can generate negative pressure and extract the working fluid circulation flow body in the geothermal layer 1 through the first circulation pipe 7 to achieve the circulation effect. Specific embodiment 2

[0051] See also Figure 1-8On the basis of the specific embodiment 1, the diversion component includes a sealed shell 9, which is connected to the inside of the first circulation pipe 7. The top of the first circulation pipe 7 is connected to the first water pipe 10. A driving motor 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the sealed shell 9. The output end of the driving motor 11 is fixedly connected to a rotating rod 12. The other end of the rotating rod 12 passes through the inside of the sealed shell 9 and is fixedly connected to a ball valve 13. A through port 14 is opened inside the ball valve 13. A support pipe 15 is provided on the surface of each of the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8. The rear end of the first circulation pipe 7 is connected to the main water tank 4. The top of the first water pipe 10 is connected to the sealed shell 9. The top of the second circulation pipe 8 passes through the geothermal pipe 2 and It is connected to the main water tank 4, and a second water pipe 16 is connected to the bottom of the sealed shell 9. The other end of the second water pipe 16 is connected to the booster pump 6. A bracket 17 is fixedly connected between the drive motor 11 and the main water tank 4. The heat exchange component includes a steam pipe 18, which is connected to the top of the geothermal pipe 2. A steam turbine 19 is provided inside the steam pipe 18, and a transmission shaft 20 is fixedly connected to the inside of the steam turbine 19. A generator 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the steam pipe 18, and the output end of the generator 21 passes through the steam pipe 18 and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 20. The rear end of the steam pipe 18 is connected to a plate heat exchanger 22, and the rear side of the plate heat exchanger 22 is connected to a drain pipe 23.

[0052] Specifically: the ball valve 13 fits against the inner wall of the sealing shell 9. When the ball valve 13 rotates to a horizontal state, the communication between the first circulation pipe 7 and the main water tank 4 can be ensured. When the ball valve 13 rotates to a vertical state, the communication between the first water pipe 10 and the second water pipe 16 can be ensured. The specific model of the drive motor 11 is a servo motor in the prior art, which can preset and control the rotation angle of the ball valve 13. High-pressure steam enters the steam pipe 18, driving the steam turbine 19 to rotate, converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. The rotation of the steam turbine 19 transmits the mechanical energy to the drive shaft 20. When the drive shaft 20 drives the shaft of the generator 21 to rotate, the magnetic lines of force in the magnetic field will interact with the current to generate an electromotive force, thereby generating current. The generated current is sent to the transformer, boosted and output to the power grid for storage. Specific embodiment three

[0054] See also Figure 1-8On the basis of the first specific embodiment, a circulating heat conducting pipe 24 is fixedly connected to the inside of the steam pipe 18. The front end of the circulating heat conducting pipe 24 passes through the steam pipe 18 and is connected to the second water pipe 16. A solenoid valve 25 is provided on the surface of the circulating heat conducting pipe 24. The rear end of the circulating heat conducting pipe 24 passes through the steam pipe 18 and is connected to the auxiliary water tank 5. A third water pipe 26 is connected to the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 22. The bottom end of the third water pipe 26 is connected to the main water tank 4. The heat conduction component includes a heat storage pipe 27. The heat storage pipe 27 is respectively fixed to the surface of the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8. A sealing plug 28 is provided on the top of the heat storage pipe 27. A first one-way valve 29 is provided on the surface of the first circulation pipe 7, and a second one-way valve 30 is provided on the surface of the second circulation pipe 8. An insulation pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the surface of the geothermal pipe 2. The front sides of the main water tank 4 and the auxiliary water tank 5 are both connected with a water inlet pipe 32.

[0055] Specifically: the circulating heat pipe 24 is fixed inside the steam pipe 18. When the steam enters the steam pipe 18 and drives the steam turbine 19 to rotate, some heat will be dissipated through the wall of the steam pipe 18. The dissipated heat energy can be conducted and absorbed through the circulating heat pipe 24. The top of the heat storage pipe 27 passes through the outside of the geothermal layer 1. Liquid with high conductivity can be injected into the heat storage pipe 27. The heat energy in the geothermal layer 1 is absorbed by the heat storage pipe 27, and the heat energy is conducted to the first circulation pipe 7 to achieve the preheating effect. The first one-way valve 29 and the second one-way valve 30 can respectively control the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8, so that the circulating flow of the working medium in the main water tank 4 can only be discharged in one direction to avoid backflow.

[0056] A method for efficiently exploiting geothermal resources using a heat exchange casing device comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1: After the geothermal pipe 2 is placed in the geothermal layer 1, the working fluid circulation flow body can be injected into the main water tank 4 and the auxiliary water tank 5. The working fluid circulation flow body entering the main water tank 4 can enter the geothermal pipe 2 through the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8. When the working fluid circulation flow body enters the geothermal pipe 2, it forms convection around the geothermal fluid to achieve heat transfer. The geothermal temperature is usually between 80°C and 150°C, which can evaporate the high-temperature working fluid circulation flow body;

[0058] S2: The evaporated gas enters the steam pipe 18 and drives the steam turbine 19 to rotate. The steam turbine 19 transmits power to the generator 21 while rotating. The steam condenses when it is cooled to produce distilled water, which is discharged into the main water tank 4 again through the pipe at the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 22 for storage, thus achieving a circulation effect.

[0059] S3: Simultaneously, the booster pump 6 is started to pump the circulating fluid in the auxiliary water tank 5 into the second water pipe 16, and then into the circulating heat pipe 24 through the second water pipe 16. The circulating heat pipe 24 absorbs the heat emitted from the surface of the steam pipe 18, thereby fully utilizing the heat energy.

[0060] S4: When the external environment is in a low temperature state, the rising state of the steam will be affected. At this time, the drive motor 11 can be started to drive the ball valve 13 to rotate to close the first circulation pipe 7, and the port 14 is connected with the first water pipe 10 and the second water pipe 16. At this time, the pressure pump 6 can be started again, and the hot water in the geothermal pipe 2 can be pumped out through the pressure pump 6 and the second circulation pipe 8, and the hot water is injected into the auxiliary water tank 5 to realize thermal energy utilization.

[0061] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after the geothermal pipe 2 is placed in the geothermal layer 1, the working fluid circulation flow body can be injected into the main water tank 4 and the auxiliary water tank 5. The working fluid circulation flow body entering the main water tank 4 can enter the geothermal pipe 2 through the first circulation pipe 7 and the second circulation pipe 8. When the working fluid circulation flow body enters the geothermal pipe 2, it forms convection around the geothermal fluid to achieve heat transfer. The geothermal temperature is usually between 80°C and 150°C, which can evaporate the high-temperature working fluid circulation flow body.

[0062] The evaporated gas enters the steam pipe 18 and drives the steam turbine 19 to rotate. While the steam turbine 19 rotates, it transmits power to the generator 21. The steam energy is converted into electrical energy through the generator 21 and transmitted to the power grid equipment for storage. The steam after passing through the steam pipe 18 enters the plate heat exchanger 22, which is composed of multiple groups of pipes and is used to transfer heat between steam and other fluids. The steam flows through the pipes in the pipe bundle and transfers heat to other fluids flowing outside the pipes. There are inlets and outlets inside the shell for introducing and discharging fluids. When the steam is cooled and condensed, distilled water is produced. It is discharged into the main water tank 4 again through the pipe at the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 22 for storage, achieving the purpose of circulation.

[0063] At the same time, the booster pump 6 is started to pump the circulating fluid in the auxiliary water tank 5 into the second water pipe 16, and then injects it into the circulating heat pipe 24 through the second water pipe 16. The circulating heat pipe 24 absorbs the heat emitted from the surface of the steam pipe 18, thereby fully utilizing the heat energy.

[0064] When the external environment is in a low temperature state, the rising state of steam will be affected. At this time, the drive motor 11 can be started, and the ball valve 13 can be driven by the drive motor 11 to rotate ninety degrees clockwise. When the ball valve 13 rotates, the first circulation pipe 7 is closed, and the port 14 is connected with the first water pipe 10 and the second water pipe 16. At this time, the pressure pump 6 can be started again, and the hot water in the geothermal pipe 2 can be pumped out by the pressure pump 6 in conjunction with the second circulation pipe 8, and the hot water is injected into the auxiliary water tank 5 to realize the utilization of thermal energy. At the same time, after the working fluid circulation flow body accumulates more again, the working fluid circulation flow body can also be completely pumped into the auxiliary water tank 5, which is convenient for the staff to replace it.

[0065] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the description in the specification and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology. The control method is automatically controlled by a control unit. The control circuit of the control unit can be implemented by simple programming by technicians in this field, which is common knowledge in this field. Therefore, the control method and circuit connection are no longer explained in detail in the present invention.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only the specific implementation methods described. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources, comprising a geothermal layer (1), characterized in that: A geothermal pipe (2) is installed inside the geothermal layer (1), and a heat-absorbing metal sheet (3) is installed on the bottom of the surface of the geothermal pipe (2); A circulation assembly is provided on the top of the geothermal layer (1), and the circulation assembly includes a main water tank (4). The main water tank (4) is installed on the top of the geothermal layer (1). A secondary water tank (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the main water tank (4). The front side of the secondary water tank (5) is connected to a pressure pump (6). A first circulation pipe (7) and a second circulation pipe (8) are respectively provided inside the geothermal pipe (2). The heat energy in the geothermal layer (1) is circulated through the circulation assembly. A diversion assembly is provided on the front side of the main water tank (4), and the opening and closing of the first circulation pipe (7) and the second circulation pipe (8) are controlled by the diversion assembly; A heat exchange component is provided on the top of the main water tank (4), and the temperature collected inside the geothermal layer (1) is conducted through the heat exchange component; A heat conducting component is provided on the surface of the geothermal pipe (2), and the heat of the geothermal layer (1) is used to preheat the working medium circulating fluid of the secondary circulation through the heat conducting component; The diversion assembly comprises a sealing shell (9), the sealing shell (9) is connected to the interior of the first circulation pipe (7), the top of the first circulation pipe (7) is connected to the first water pipe (10), one side of the sealing shell (9) is fixedly connected to a driving motor (11), the output end of the driving motor (11) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (12), the other end of the rotating rod (12) passes through the interior of the sealing shell (9) and is fixedly connected to a ball valve (13), and a through port (14) is provided inside the ball valve (13); The surfaces of the first circulation pipe (7) and the second circulation pipe (8) are both sheathed with a support pipe (15); the rear end of the first circulation pipe (7) is connected to the main water tank (4); the top end of the first water pipe (10) is connected to the sealing shell (9); and the top end of the second circulation pipe (8) passes through the geothermal pipe (2) and is connected to the main water tank (4); The bottom of the sealed shell (9) is connected to a second water pipe (16), the other end of the second water pipe (16) is connected to the pressure pump (6), and a bracket (17) is fixedly connected between the drive motor (11) and the main water tank (4).

2. A heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly includes a steam pipe (18), the steam pipe (18) is connected to the top end of the geothermal pipe (2), a steam turbine (19) is provided inside the steam pipe (18), a transmission shaft (20) is fixedly connected inside the steam turbine (19), a generator (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the steam pipe (18), an output end of the generator (21) passes through the steam pipe (18) and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (20), a rear end of the steam pipe (18) is connected to a plate heat exchanger (22), and a rear side of the plate heat exchanger (22) is connected to a drain pipe (23).

3. The heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circulating heat conducting pipe (24) is fixedly connected to the interior of the steam pipe (18), the front end of the circulating heat conducting pipe (24) passes through the steam pipe (18) and is in communication with the second water pipe (16), a solenoid valve (25) is sleeved on the surface of the circulating heat conducting pipe (24), the rear end of the circulating heat conducting pipe (24) passes through the steam pipe (18) and is in communication with the auxiliary water tank (5), the bottom of the plate heat exchanger (22) is in communication with a third water pipe (26), and the bottom end of the third water pipe (26) is in communication with the main water tank (4).

4. The heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat-conducting component comprises a heat storage pipe (27), which is respectively fixed to the surface of the first circulation pipe (7) and the second circulation pipe (8), and a sealing plug (28) is provided on the top of the heat storage pipe (27).

5. The heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first one-way valve (29) is sleeved on the surface of the first circulation pipe (7), and a second one-way valve (30) is sleeved on the surface of the second circulation pipe (8).

6. The heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat preservation pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the surface of the geothermal pipe (2), and the front sides of the main water tank (4) and the auxiliary water tank (5) are both connected to a water inlet pipe (32).

7. A method for exploiting geothermal resources using a heat exchange casing device, based on the heat exchange casing device for exploiting geothermal resources according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: After placing the geothermal pipe (2) into the geothermal layer (1), the working medium circulating fluid is injected into the main water tank (4) and the auxiliary water tank (5). The working medium circulating fluid entering the main water tank (4) enters the geothermal pipe (2) through the first circulation pipe (7) and the second circulation pipe (8). When the working medium circulating fluid enters the geothermal pipe (2), convection is formed around the geothermal fluid to achieve heat transfer. The geothermal temperature is between 80°C and 150°C, and the high-temperature working medium circulating fluid can be evaporated; S2: The evaporated gas enters the steam pipe (18) and drives the steam turbine (19) to rotate. The steam turbine (19) transmits power to the generator (21) while rotating. The steam condenses when it encounters cold and produces distilled water. The distilled water is discharged into the main water tank (4) through the pipe at the bottom of the plate heat exchanger (22) for storage, thus achieving a circulation effect. S3: Simultaneously starting the booster pump (6), the booster pump (6) draws the working medium circulating fluid in the auxiliary water tank (5) into the second water pipe (16), and injects the working medium circulating fluid into the circulating heat conducting pipe (24) through the second water pipe (16), and the circulating heat conducting pipe (24) absorbs the heat emitted from the surface of the steam pipe (18), thereby fully utilizing the heat energy; S4: When the external environment is in a low temperature state, the rising state of the steam will be affected. At this time, the driving motor (11) is started to drive the ball valve (13) to rotate to close the first circulation pipe (7), and the port (14) is connected to the first water pipe (10) and the second water pipe (16). At this time, the pressure pump (6) is started again, and the hot water in the geothermal pipe (2) is pumped out through the pressure pump (6) in conjunction with the second circulation pipe (8), and the hot water is injected into the auxiliary water tank (5) to realize the utilization of heat energy.

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