Heat exchange system

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchange system which comprises a load heat exchange device. The cold storage device can exchange heat with the load heat exchange device; the heat exchange equipment can actively dissipate heat; and the switching device can be switched to a first working state and a second working state, in the first working state, the heat exchange equipment can bypass the cold storage device to exchange heat for the load heat exchange device, and in the second working state, the heat exchange equipment can bypass the cold storage device to exchange heat for the load heat exchange device. And the heat exchange equipment can exchange heat to the load heat exchange device through the cold storage device, so that the cold storage device can store cold. The cold accumulation device is selectively connected between the load heat exchange device and the heat exchange equipment, so that cold accumulation work can be conveniently carried out on the cold accumulation device, and due to the existence of the cold accumulation device, the whole heat exchange system is better in emergency performance and energy saving performance, so that the heat exchange system has better applicability to adapt to a more complex equipment environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and more particularly to a heat exchange system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the air conditioning units in data centers mainly use the traditional method of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy for cooling, and also use natural cooling sources. However, no matter which cooling method is used, the optimal cooling effect cannot be achieved.

[0003] In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: when cooling the heat source equipment, the heat exchange system has poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange system, which can effectively solve the problem of poor adaptability of the heat exchange system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat exchange system, comprising:

[0007] Load heat exchange device;

[0008] A cold storage device capable of exchanging heat with the load heat exchange device;

[0009] Heat exchange equipment can actively dissipate heat;

[0010] A switching device, the switching device can be switched to a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the heat exchange device can bypass the cold storage device to exchange heat with the load heat exchange device. In the second working state, the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the load heat exchange device through the cold storage device so that the cold storage device can store cold.

[0011] In the above heat exchange system, when in use, when the load heat exchange device needs to be cooled, and when energy saving is required, the cold storage device works. When the working conditions of the heat exchange device are met or there is a better situation, when the cold storage device needs to store cold, the switching device works in the second working state, so that the heat exchange device can store cold for the load heat exchange device while performing heat exchange for the cold storage device. If the cold storage device completes cold storage, the switching device works in the first working state, and the heat exchange device bypasses the cold storage device and can perform heat exchange for the load heat exchange device. In the above heat exchange system, the cold storage device can be optionally connected between the load heat exchange device and the heat exchange device, so that it is very convenient to store cold for the cold storage device. Because of the existence of the cold storage device, the emergency response and energy saving of the entire heat exchange system are better, so that the heat exchange system has better applicability to adapt to more complex equipment environments. In summary, the heat exchange system can effectively solve the problem of poor adaptability of the heat exchange system.

[0012] In some technical solutions, a controller is also included. When the liquid temperature of the cold storage device is higher than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller controls the switching device to operate in the second working state, and controls the switching device to operate in the first working state when the liquid temperature of the cold storage device is lower than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature.

[0013] In some technical schemes, it includes a supply channel for supplying fluid to the load heat exchange device and a reflux channel for guiding fluid back from the load heat exchange device; a heat exchanger is connected between the inlet end of the supply channel and the outlet end of the reflux channel to exchange heat with the heat exchange device; a fluid pump for promoting fluid flow is arranged on the reflux channel; the switching device includes a first switch valve arranged on the supply channel and a second switch valve connected in series with the cold storage device, and the cold storage device is connected in series with the second switch valve and then in parallel with the first switch valve.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the load heat exchange device includes a heat exchange channel, and both ends of the heat exchange channel of the load heat exchange device are respectively connected to the supply channel and the return channel.

[0015] In some technical schemes, the cold storage device includes a cold storage tank, the liquid inlet channel of the cold storage device is connected to the nozzle in the cold storage tank, the liquid outlet channel of the cold storage device is connected to the bottom of the cold storage tank, and the bottom of the cold storage tank is provided with a drain valve; the top of the cold storage tank is provided with an automatic exhaust valve and a liquid replenishing valve.

[0016] In some technical schemes, the switching device includes a third switch valve, both ends of which are connected to the liquid inlet of the supply channel and the liquid outlet of the reflux channel so that when it is opened, the liquid refluxed in the reflux channel bypasses the heat exchange device and flows to the supply channel.

[0017] In some technical solutions, the heat exchange device includes at least one of a natural cooling device and a first mechanical refrigeration device.

[0018] In some technical solutions, the heat exchange device includes a natural cooling device and a first mechanical refrigeration device, and the natural cooling device and the first mechanical refrigeration device can selectively work between the supply channel and the return channel.

[0019] In some technical solutions, a second mechanical refrigeration device for storing cold in the cold storage device is also included, and the heat exchange equipment includes a natural cooling device.

[0020] In some technical solutions, a third mechanical refrigeration device is further included, and the evaporator of the third mechanical refrigeration device is arranged at the load heat exchange device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another heat exchange system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a cold storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The following are marked in the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Load heat exchange device 1, cold storage device 2, supply channel 3, return channel 4, fluid pump 5, first switch valve 6, second switch valve 7, natural cooling device 8, first mechanical refrigeration device 9, second mechanical refrigeration device 10, third mechanical refrigeration device 11, heat exchanger 12;

[0027] A first heat exchange channel 1-1, a second heat exchange channel 1-2;

[0028] Cold storage tank 2-1, nozzle 2-2, liquid outlet channel 2-3, liquid inlet channel 2-4, discharge valve 2-5, automatic exhaust valve 2-6, and liquid replenishing valve 2-7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a heat exchange system to effectively solve the problem of poor adaptability of the heat exchange system.

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another heat exchange system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a cold storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In some embodiments, a heat exchange system is provided. Specifically, the heat exchange system mainly includes a load heat exchange device 1, a cold storage device 2, a heat exchange device and a switching device.

[0033] The load heat exchange device 1 is mainly set at the load, and the load can also be understood as a heat source device, that is, the load heat exchange device 1 needs to absorb heat from the load to cool the load. The load, such as a server, storage device, etc., generates heat when working. The load heat exchange device 1 is generally provided with a heat exchange channel, and the low-temperature fluid flows into the heat exchange channel, absorbs heat, and then flows out to quickly take out the heat.

[0034] The cold storage device 2 is capable of storing cold. The cold storage device 2 mainly includes a cold storage tank. The cold storage tank should have a certain thermal insulation capacity, and the higher the thermal insulation capacity, the better. After the low-temperature fluid enters, if it is not discharged and replaced, it will maintain a low temperature state for a long time. When the low-temperature fluid flows out to enter the higher-temperature fluid, the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work at this time; and when the internal fluid flows out and the lower-temperature fluid flows in, the cold storage device 2 performs cold storage work at this time.

[0035] The cold storage device 2 can exchange heat with the load heat exchange device 1 so as to cool the load heat exchange device 1. At this time, the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work. Its main significance includes two aspects: the first is that it can work in an emergency state, and the second is that it can be used in an energy-saving state. The former will have to use UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) due to the power supply system. The power consumption of the cold storage device 2 in the working state is generally significantly lower than the power consumption of the heat exchange equipment in the use state; the latter is due to environmental and climatic reasons, such as the change in ambient temperature caused by the temperature difference between morning and evening, and the large drop in temperature in certain days due to climate change.

[0036] The heat exchange device can actively dissipate heat, which means that it can directly use external energy for heat exchange, and its power consumption is relatively large compared with the energy consumption of the cold storage device 2. The external energy here can be the cooling capacity contained in the external environment, such as the natural cooling device 8; of course, the external energy here, such as electrical energy and mechanical energy, can be called an energy-consuming refrigeration device, such as a mechanical refrigeration device and a semiconductor refrigeration device. Generally speaking, an energy-consuming refrigeration device consumes more energy than a natural cooling device 8.

[0037] The switching device is used to switch to different working states. For the convenience of description, it is mainly switched between the first working state and the second working state. Specifically: in the first working state, the heat exchange device can bypass the cold storage device 2 to directly exchange heat with the load heat exchange device 1; and in the second working state, the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the load heat exchange device 1 through the cold storage device 2 so that the cold storage device 2 can store cold. At this time, while the cold storage device 2 stores cold, the heat exchange device simultaneously exchanges heat with the load heat exchange device 1, so that while the load heat exchange device 1 exchanges heat, the cold storage device 2 can store cold. When the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work, the heat exchange device generally no longer performs cooling work, and the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work.

[0038] In the above heat exchange system, when in use, when the load heat exchange device 1 needs to be cooled, and when energy saving is required, the cold storage device 2 works. When the working conditions of the heat exchange device are met or there is a better situation, when the cold storage device 2 needs to perform cold storage work, the switching device works in the second working state, so that the heat exchange device can perform heat exchange with the load heat exchange device 1 while performing cold storage work on the cold storage device 2. If the cold storage device 2 completes cold storage, the switching device works in the first working state. At this time, the heat exchange device bypasses the cold storage device 2 and can perform heat exchange with the load heat exchange device 1. In the above heat exchange system, the cold storage device 2 can be optionally connected between the load heat exchange device 1 and the heat exchange device, so that it is very convenient to perform cold storage work on the cold storage device 2. Because of the existence of the cold storage device 2, the emergency response and energy saving of the entire heat exchange system are better, so that the heat exchange system has better applicability to adapt to more complex equipment environments. In summary, the heat exchange system can effectively solve the problem of poor adaptability of the heat exchange system.

[0039] In some examples, considering that the lower the ambient temperature, the lower the energy consumption of the heat exchange equipment will be, whether it is an energy-consuming refrigeration device or a natural cooling device 8, especially the natural cooling device 8 is more sensitive to the ambient temperature. Therefore, corresponding adjustments can be made according to the ambient temperature. For example, when the ambient temperature is low, the heat exchange equipment works to reduce energy consumption. At this time, according to the liquid temperature of the cold storage device 2, it can be selected to perform cold storage work or not. When the ambient temperature is relatively high, the cold storage device 2 can be made to participate in the cooling work of cooling the load heat exchange device 1. At this time, the cold storage device 2 can perform heat exchange work on the load heat exchange device 1 alone, or the cold storage device 2 and the heat exchange device can perform heat exchange work on the load heat exchange device 1 at the same time, and when the cooling capacity of the cold storage device 2 reaches the maximum value allowed, if the coolant temperature of the cold storage device 2 exceeds the preset value, the cold storage device 2 will no longer participate in the work, and the heat exchange device will work on the load heat exchange device 1 alone.

[0040] For the convenience of control, it is preferred that the heat exchange system further includes a controller, which controls the switching device to operate in the second working state when the liquid temperature of the cold storage device 2 is higher than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, and operates in the first working state when the liquid temperature of the cold storage device 2 is lower than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature.

[0041] When the ambient temperature is higher than the third preset temperature and the liquid temperature of the cold storage device 2 is lower than the fourth preset temperature, the cold storage device 2 is controlled to cool the load heat exchange device 1. Generally speaking, the fourth preset temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature and not higher than the third preset temperature; generally speaking, the third preset temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature.

[0042] For example, in some areas, the cold storage device 2 generally performs cold storage work at night and performs cooling work during the day. The specific time can be controlled accordingly according to the temperature requirements and the power requirements of each heat exchange equipment.

[0043] Of course, if the emergency needs of the cold storage device 2 are taken into consideration, the cold storage device 2 can be operated when the environment is high temperature, and the cold capacity of the cold storage device 2 can be not fully used at this time to ensure a certain cold storage function. As mentioned above, the fourth preset temperature should not be too high, and is preferably lower than the cooling temperature required by the load heat exchange device 1 to ensure that the cold storage device 2 can continue to exchange heat with the load heat exchange device 1.

[0044] In some embodiments, considering that the cold storage device 2 is mainly used to store cold to accumulate cold energy, in order to make full use of the cold energy, it is preferred that the cold storage device 2 is directly connected to the heat exchange channel of the load heat exchange device 1 to avoid using a heat exchanger, so as to avoid unnecessary energy loss during emergency use or energy-saving use.

[0045] In some embodiments, it is preferred that a supply channel 3 for supplying fluid to the load heat exchange device 1 and a return channel 4 for returning fluid from the load heat exchange device 1 are included. At this time, it is preferred that the supply channel 3 and the return channel 4 are directly connected to both ends of the heat exchange channel of the load heat exchange device 1, which can better reduce energy loss compared with heat exchange through a heat exchanger in the heat exchange channel of the load heat exchange device 1.

[0046] Furthermore, it is preferred that a heat exchanger is connected between the inlet end of the supply channel 3 and the outlet end of the reflux channel 4 to exchange heat with the heat exchange device, so as to avoid connecting to the circulation path of the heat exchange device to avoid the flow path being too long. At the same time, different heat exchange media can be selected or fine-tuned according to different operating environments.

[0047] In some embodiments, a fluid pump 5 for promoting fluid flow can be provided on the reflux channel 4. At this time, the inlet and outlet of the cold storage device 2 are respectively connected to the reflux channel 4 and the supply channel 3, so that the fluid pump 5 is driven when the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work.

[0048] When the above-mentioned switching device is provided, it is preferred that the switching device includes a first switch valve 6 provided on the supply channel 3 and a second switch valve 7 connected in series with the cold storage device 2, and the cold storage device 2 is connected in series with the second switch valve 7 and then connected in parallel with the first switch valve 6. When the switching device is working in the first working state, the first switch valve 6 is opened, the second switch valve 7 is closed, and the heat exchange device is started to work; when the switching device is working in the second working state, the first switch valve 6 is closed, the second switch valve 7 is opened, and the heat exchange device is started to work. If the cold storage device 2 is cooling, the heat exchange device stops working, and the switching device is working in the second working state, that is, the first switch valve 6 is closed, the second switch valve 7 is opened, and the fluid pump 5 keeps working.

[0049] Through the above-mentioned connection method, the cold storage capacity of the cold storage device 2 can be fully utilized, and the fluid pump 5 can be operated at the same time to reduce the use of equipment. From the above, it can be found that when the cold storage device 2 is cooling, only the fluid pump 5 is working, and the heat exchange device does not need to work at this time, that is, the driving structure in the heat exchange device does not need to participate in the work, so that the working power can be greatly reduced during emergency work.

[0050] In some embodiments, the cold storage device 2 preferably includes a cold storage tank, the liquid inlet channel of the cold storage device 2 is connected to the nozzle in the cold storage tank, the liquid outlet channel of the cold storage device 2 is connected to the bottom of the cold storage tank, the bottom of the cold storage tank is provided with a drain valve, and the top of the cold storage tank is provided with an automatic exhaust valve and a liquid replenishing valve. The drain valve is used to discharge the internal fluid.

[0051] When the switching device works to the second working state: when the heat exchange device is turned on, the cold storage device 2 performs cold storage work, and when the heat exchange device is turned off, the cold storage device 2 performs cooling work.

[0052] When the cold storage device 2 is performing cold storage work, since the liquid in the cold storage device 2 still has a certain amount of cold, the liquid in the cold storage device 2 is supplied to the load heat exchange device 1 for cooling. After the refluxed liquid is cooled by the heat exchange device, its temperature is generally lower than the liquid temperature of the cold storage device 2. This reciprocating cycle gradually reduces the liquid temperature in the cold storage device 2 to meet the cold storage work requirements.

[0053] In some embodiments, when the above-mentioned heat exchange device is not working, but the cold storage device 2 is working, the fluid pump 5 starts to work. At this time, the fluid can pass through the heat exchanger at the heat exchange device without performing actual heat exchange work, and then flow to the cold storage device 2.

[0054] However, different heat exchange equipment has different working efficiencies. Generally, the longer the time the fluid stays in the heat exchanger, the better the heat exchange effect. This leads to the fact that heat exchange equipment with low heat exchange efficiency requires the heat exchange fluid to stay longer to ensure the heat exchange effect. However, this will cause the flow resistance of the fluid to increase significantly. Therefore, it can be found that there are some heat exchange equipment that cause the flow resistance of the fluid to increase significantly when passing through the heat exchanger.

[0055] Based on the above considerations, the switching device preferably includes a third switch valve, and both ends of the third switch valve are connected to the liquid inlet of the supply channel 3 and the liquid outlet of the reflux channel 4 so that when it is opened, the liquid refluxed by the reflux channel 4 bypasses the heat exchange equipment to flow to the supply channel 3, that is, when the cold storage device 2 is cooling, the fluid pump 5 is turned on, and correspondingly, the third switch valve is opened here, and the fluid passes through the third switch valve and flows directly to the cold storage device 2, bypassing the above-mentioned heat exchange equipment and its corresponding heat exchanger.

[0056] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device may include at least one of a natural cooling device 8 and a mechanical refrigeration device, such as only a natural cooling device 8, only a mechanical refrigeration device, or both a natural cooling device 8 and a mechanical refrigeration device. When both a natural cooling device 8 and a mechanical refrigeration device are provided, they can be selectively connected between the supply channel 3 and the return channel 4 through a switching device, or they can be selected to form a series relationship through a heat exchanger in sequence, so that when the natural cooling device 8 and the mechanical refrigeration device are turned on at the same time, the liquid refluxed from the return channel 4 is first cooled by the natural cooling device 8 and then cooled by the mechanical refrigeration device. The above-mentioned connection relationship can be achieved by a switch valve or a reversing valve, which can be specifically set as needed.

[0057] In some embodiments, the natural cooling device 8 is generally a cooling water tower, and may also be an outdoor air cooling device, or a natural water cooling device. The natural water cooling device refers to direct cooling using natural water, such as low-temperature water in rivers and lakes. The natural cooling device 8 refers to using an ambient low-temperature medium, which absorbs heat under a temperature difference, such as low-temperature wind, low-temperature water or other low-temperature fluids, and may also use the heat taken away by the evaporation of a liquid fluid.

[0058] In some embodiments, the energy-consuming refrigeration device mainly consumes energy to ultimately achieve heat transfer from a low-temperature medium to a high-temperature medium. Common energy-consuming refrigeration devices include mechanical refrigeration devices, absorption refrigeration devices, and thermoelectric refrigerators, and specifically, compression refrigeration devices, semiconductor refrigeration devices, and the like. The energy-consuming refrigeration device consumes energy to do work, so that a heat-absorbing structure lower than the ambient temperature can be obtained, but the energy consumption is relatively high. It should be noted that although the natural cooling device 8 also requires energy consumption, it does not directly act on heat transfer, but is generally used to accelerate fluid flow to overcome flow resistance, etc. When a mechanical refrigeration device is used, the mechanical refrigeration device generally includes an evaporator, a condenser, and a compressor that constitute a circulation system, wherein a heat exchanger is formed at the evaporator, one channel of the heat exchanger is connected between the condenser and the compressor, and the other channel is connected between the above-mentioned reflux channel 4 and the supply channel 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a natural cooling device 8 and a first mechanical refrigeration device, and the natural cooling device 8 and the first mechanical refrigeration device can selectively operate between the supply channel 3 and the return channel 4.

[0060] In the above heat exchange system, the first mechanical refrigeration device can also cool the cold storage device 2, so that the first mechanical refrigeration device can perform heat exchange on the cold storage device 2 according to different electricity usage time and of course different ambient temperature, so that the cold storage device 2 can perform cold storage work.

[0061] In some embodiments, a second mechanical refrigeration device is also included for enabling the cold storage device 2 to store cold. In this case, the first mechanical refrigeration device may or may not exist. In this case, the heat exchange equipment mainly includes a natural cooling device 8 to be used when the natural cooling device 8 cannot fully enable the cold storage device 2 to store cold.

[0062] At this time, it is generally not necessary to set up the above-mentioned first mechanical refrigeration device. Based on this, it is preferred to set up a third mechanical refrigeration device here, and the evaporator of the third mechanical refrigeration device is set at the load heat exchange device 1. At this time, the load heat exchange device 1 can be provided with two independent heat exchange channels, such as the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel: wherein the first heat exchange channel is connected to the above-mentioned third mechanical refrigeration device, such as serving as the evaporator channel of the third mechanical refrigeration device; the second heat exchange channel is connected to the cold storage device 2 and the heat exchange equipment, and the cold storage device 2 cools the heat exchange channel. At this time, when the heat exchange equipment is a natural cooling device 8, it is directly connected to the above-mentioned second heat exchange channel without using a heat exchanger.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A heat exchange system, characterized in that: include: Load heat exchange device; A cold storage device capable of exchanging heat with the load heat exchange device; Heat exchange equipment can actively dissipate heat; A switching device, the switching device can be switched to a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the heat exchange device can bypass the cold storage device to exchange heat with the load heat exchange device. In the second working state, the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the load heat exchange device through the cold storage device so that the cold storage device can store cold.

2. The heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which controls the switching device to operate in the second working state when the liquid temperature of the cold storage device is higher than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, and controls the switching device to operate in the first working state when the liquid temperature of the cold storage device is lower than the first preset temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature.

3. The heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a supply channel for supplying fluid to the load heat exchange device and a reflux channel for guiding fluid back from the load heat exchange device; a heat exchanger is connected between the inlet end of the supply channel and the outlet end of the reflux channel to exchange heat with the heat exchange device; a fluid pump is arranged on the reflux channel to promote the flow of fluid; the switching device includes a first switch valve arranged on the supply channel and a second switch valve connected in series with the cold storage device, and the cold storage device is connected in series with the second switch valve and then in parallel with the first switch valve.

4. The heat exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange channel, and two ends of the heat exchange channel of the load heat exchange device are respectively connected with the supply channel and the return channel.

5. The heat exchange system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cold storage device includes a cold storage tank, a liquid inlet channel of the cold storage device is connected to a nozzle in the cold storage tank, a liquid outlet channel of the cold storage device is connected to the bottom of the cold storage tank, a drain valve is provided at the bottom of the cold storage tank; an automatic exhaust valve and a liquid replenishing valve are provided at the top of the cold storage tank.

6. The heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching device includes a third switch valve, both ends of which are connected to the liquid inlet of the supply channel and the liquid outlet of the reflux channel so that when it is opened, the liquid refluxed in the reflux channel bypasses the heat exchange device and flows to the supply channel.

7. The heat exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes at least one of a natural cooling device and a first mechanical refrigeration device.

8. The heat exchange system according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes a natural cooling device and a first mechanical refrigeration device, and the natural cooling device and the first mechanical refrigeration device can selectively work between the supply channel and the return channel.

9. The heat exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second mechanical refrigeration device for allowing the cold storage device to store cold, and the heat exchange equipment includes a natural cooling device.

10. The heat exchange system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a third mechanical refrigeration device, and the evaporator of the third mechanical refrigeration device is arranged at the load heat exchange device.

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