Spectrometer based on controllable LED matrix light source

Abstract

The invention provides a spectrograph based on a controllable LED (Light Emitting Diode) matrix light source. The light source module can dynamically adjust and output light sources in different wavelength ranges according to requirements; the processing module is used for receiving and analyzing signals monitored by the array sensor and outputting spectral information; and the self-adaptive adjusting module is used for monitoring and adjusting the light source condition of the light source module. Through dynamic regulation and replacement of the light source units, flexible combination of the light source units is realized, and the problem that light source position and wavelength range adjustment of a traditional spectrometer mostly depends on manual operation is solved. And meanwhile, the position state of the light source unit is accurately judged by combining the light sensor and the positioning unit, so that the measurement reliability and the data integrity are remarkably improved. According to the method, the spectral resolution and the recognition precision are remarkably improved through a spectral super-resolution algorithm, fine features can be captured under the condition of spectral overlapping or signal interference, and excellent applicability and reliability are shown in a complex environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spectrometers, and in particular to a spectrometer based on a controllable LED matrix light source. Background Art

[0002] Spectrometers are widely used in fields such as food safety, environmental monitoring, biomedicine, and material research, and can accurately analyze the composition and structure of substances. However, current traditional spectrometers mainly rely on imports, with a low degree of localization, and high-end equipment is expensive, which affects its popularity and application scope. The market urgently needs a domestically produced spectrometer that can meet a variety of detection needs at a lower cost while maintaining high precision and stability to provide support for more fields. In recent years, with the rapid development of semiconductor technology, spectrometers based on controllable LED matrix light sources have gradually become a research hotspot. LED light sources have the characteristics of low power consumption, fast response, and long life, and their multi-wavelength output capability provides a more flexible solution for spectral analysis.

[0003] This experimental team has been browsing and studying a large amount of relevant records and materials on the relevant technologies for a long time. At the same time, it relies on relevant resources and conducts a large number of relevant experiments. After a lot of searches, it is found that the existing prior art such as CN105675520A, CN114295558A, and CN111044458B disclosed in the prior art, such as a multi-source spectrometer disclosed in the prior art, which contains a casing, a top cover, a charging port, a switch, and a working indicator light. Inside the casing, a data acquisition card, a sub-grid, a quartz glass sheet and a sample pool are arranged from bottom to top; a power management module, an LED light source, a photodiode, a multi-way analog switch, a programmable amplifier, an A / D conversion chip, an MCU microprocessor and wifi are arranged on the data acquisition card; each grid of the sub-grid corresponds to an LED light source and a photodiode, and the LED light source and the photodiode form an optical module; a top cover is arranged at the upper end of the sample pool.

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the problems commonly existing in the field in actual use, such as damage of the light source unit will lead to measurement interruption, most of the existing spectrometers lack a quick replacement mechanism, which affects the detection efficiency and data reliability; the adjustment of the light source position and wavelength range of traditional spectrometers mostly relies on complex manual operations, etc. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a spectrometer based on a controllable LED matrix light source in view of the shortcomings existing in the current art.

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A spectrometer based on a controllable LED matrix light source comprises a housing, a light source module capable of dynamically adjusting the output of light sources in different wavelength ranges according to needs, a collimating lens vertically arranged in front of the light source module and used to parallelize the light emitted by the light source to ensure the direction of the light, a dispersing component for dispersing the light parallelly transmitted to the collimating lens into light beams of different wavelengths, a test cavity for placing a sample liquid to be tested, a focusing sheet for focusing the dispersed light beam transmitted from the test cavity, an array sensor arranged on the focusing sheet for monitoring the intensity of light of different wavelengths, a processing module for receiving and analyzing signals monitored by the array sensor and outputting spectral information, and an adaptive adjustment module for monitoring and adjusting the light source condition of the light source module, wherein the light source module, the collimating lens, the dispersing component, the test cavity, the focusing sheet, the array sensor and the adaptive adjustment module are arranged in the housing.

[0007] Furthermore, the light source module includes a fixed base plate vertically fixed in the housing, at least three light source units fixed on the fixed base plate, a shielding plate arranged parallel to the fixed base plate, a movable connection component that movably connects the fixed base plate and the shielding plate, a position adjustment mechanism for driving the fixed base plate to move relative to the shielding plate, and a positioning unit for detecting the position of the light source unit after the position adjustment mechanism completes its operation.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable connection component includes a linear slide rail horizontally laid on a fixed base plate, a slider capable of sliding on the linear slide rail in a limited position, and a telescopic adjustment member fixedly connected to the slider at one end and fixedly connected to the baffle plate at the other end, wherein the telescopic direction of the telescopic adjustment member is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the position adjustment mechanism, and the spacing between the fixed base plate and the baffle plate is adjusted by the telescopic operation of the telescopic adjustment member.

[0009] Furthermore, the position adjustment mechanism includes a linear telescopic drive device with one end fixed to the shielding plate through a fixed seat and the direction of telescopic operation is arranged parallel to the board surface of the shielding plate, a matching block laid on the board wall of the fixed base plate, and a fixed element that fixes the telescopic drive end of the linear telescopic drive device to the matching block, so that on the basis of the movable connection assembly, the telescopic drive operation of the linear telescopic drive device can be used to drive the fixed base plate to move horizontally relative to the shielding plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed substrate is evenly divided into three unit areas from the left side to the right side, and each unit area is equipped with a light source unit, each light source unit includes a plurality of LED lamp beads fixed on the unit area in a matrix and a controller for controlling each LED lamp bead to perform independent operation; Each LED lamp bead in the same light source unit is designed to emit light within a specific preset wavelength range. According to the spectrometer's requirements for the target spectrum, the controller can activate the LED lamp bead that can emit light within the wavelength range corresponding to the target spectrum to achieve the combined output of the multi-wavelength light source. The light source unit generates a flexible and adjustable spectral range, and the spectrum coverage of different wavelength ranges is achieved by activating multiple LED lamp beads at the same time, thereby meeting the requirements of different spectral analysis tasks. The shielding plate includes a plate body and a transmission port arranged in the middle of the shielding plate, and the light source unit on the fixed substrate is further transmitted to the collimating lens through the transmission port, and the transmission port is set to allow the light source to only pass through one light source unit, and the light source unit located outside the transmission port is the operating unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes three surrounding frames respectively laid on the fixed substrate and respectively closed around the periphery of each unit area, a plurality of light sensors laid on the shielding plate and arranged close to the transmission port, and a judgment subunit for receiving and analyzing the monitoring conditions of all light sensors to further judge the alignment of the target unit and the transmission port; Each light sensor is used to emit a light signal of preset intensity in the direction of the fixed substrate and receive a reflected light signal reflected by the outside world. The surrounding frame is an open frame with an opening in the middle. The surrounding frame includes a frame outer wall, a frame inner wall, a frame top wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall, and a frame bottom wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall and arranged parallel to the frame top wall. The frame inner diameter of the surrounding frame is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the transmission port, and the frame bottom wall of the surrounding frame is laid on the fixed substrate. The distance between the frame inner wall and the frame outer wall is R. The area of ​​the surrounding frame within the range of R distance from the transmission port is the sensing area, and the frame top wall of the surrounding frame abuts against the sensing area. A plurality of light sensors are respectively embedded in the sensing area at preset intervals. When the top wall of the surrounding frame faces the sensing area, it is determined that the light source unit surrounded by the surrounding frame is aligned with the transmission port.

[0012] Furthermore, when the current operating unit is damaged and needs to be replaced, the telescopic adjustment member is extended to increase the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate, so that the frame top wall of the surrounding frame is away from the baffle plate, and the position adjustment mechanism further drives the baffle plate related to the fixed substrate to move to move other light source units to align with the transmission port, and when the positioning unit identifies that the light source unit is aligned with the transmission port, the telescopic adjustment member contracts to reduce the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate until the frame top wall of the surrounding frame re-contacts the sensing area, completing the replacement of the new operating unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the judgment subunit implements the following process steps: S201: receiving a reflected light signal monitored by each light sensor; S203: Calculate and obtain position index parameter CI: ; n is the total number of light sensors, I i is the intensity of the reflected light signal monitored by the i-th light sensor; S203: when CI is lower than a preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is aligned with the position of the transmission port; When CI is above the preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is not aligned with the transmission port, and further drives the position adjusting unit to adjust the position of the light source unit until CI is less than the preset threshold.

[0014] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. Introduce active connection components and positioning units to realize automatic replacement and position calibration after the light source unit is damaged, ensure measurement continuity, and avoid data errors and invalid measurements.

[0015] 2. Through the matrix LED light source and controller, the spectral range can be flexibly adjusted to meet different detection tasks, and the adaptive adjustment module can ensure the high stability of the light source output.

[0016] 3. The spectral super-resolution algorithm is adopted in the processing module to significantly improve the resolution of the output spectrum of the spectrometer. Even in the case of spectral overlap or signal interference, more subtle spectral features can be captured, thereby improving the accuracy of spectral recognition. It can meet a variety of high-precision detection needs and is especially suitable for complex sample analysis scenarios, such as chemical composition detection and trace substance identification, showing excellent applicability and reliability in complex environments.

[0017] 4. The light source module has dynamic adjustment and automatic replacement functions. When a light source unit is damaged, the position adjustment mechanism can quickly replace it with a new operating unit. This design avoids operation interruptions caused by light source failure, ensures the continuity and efficiency of field measurement, and improves the adaptability and reliability of the spectrometer in multiple scenarios. It is especially suitable for tasks with complex environments such as on-site measurement.

[0018] 5. The adaptive adjustment module effectively avoids data errors and invalid measurements caused by light source damage through active light source monitoring, improves the integrity and reliability of spectrometer data collection, and ensures that each spectral monitoring is based on high-quality light source output, which is especially critical in precision analysis and complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention can be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, but the emphasis is placed on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a modular schematic diagram of the spectrometer based on the controllable LED matrix light source of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a front view of a light source module of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shielding plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is another partial structural schematic diagram of a light source module of the present invention in a front view.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a side view of a light source module of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-fixed substrate; 2-surrounding frame; 3-light source unit; 4-board body; 5-sensing area; 6-transmission port; 7-operating unit; 8-telescopic adjustment member; 9-outer wall of the frame; 10-inner wall of the frame; 11-bottom wall of the frame; 12-top wall of the frame; 13-matching block; 14-linear telescopic drive device; 15-fixed seat; 16-linear slide rail; 17-slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with its embodiments; it should be pointed out that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present case. For those skilled in the art, after reviewing the following detailed description, other systems, methods and / or features of this embodiment will become apparent. And the terms describing the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary description and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Embodiment 1: Combining with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5The present embodiment constructs a spectrometer based on a controllable LED matrix light source, including a housing, a light source module capable of dynamically adjusting the output of light sources in different wavelength ranges according to needs, a collimating lens vertically arranged in front of the light source module and used to parallelize the light emitted by the light source to ensure the direction of the light, a dispersing component for dispersing the light parallel to the collimating lens into light beams of different wavelengths, a test cavity for placing a sample liquid to be tested, a focusing plate for focusing the dispersed light beams transmitted from the test cavity, an array sensor arranged on the focusing plate for monitoring the intensity of light of different wavelengths, a processing module for receiving and analyzing the signals monitored by the array sensor and outputting spectral information, and an adaptive adjustment module for monitoring and adjusting the light source condition of the light source module, wherein the light source module, the collimating lens, the dispersing component, the test cavity, the focusing plate, the array sensor and the adaptive adjustment module are arranged in the housing.

[0028] The processing module implements the following steps: S101: receiving light intensity signals at different wavelengths monitored by an array sensor, each signal point including a wavelength λ and its corresponding light intensity value Ie(λ); S102: Adaptive filter is used to filter high-frequency noise of each signal point, and baseline correction is performed on the collected light intensity signal by recording the spectrum baseline B(λ) when there is no sample, and background interference is deducted: Ico(λ)=Ie(λ)−B(λ); S103: Plotting an initial spectrum diagram with the corrected net signal Ico(λ) as the vertical axis and the wavelength λ as the horizontal axis; S104: interpolating the net signal Ico(λ) in the initial spectrum to increase the number of sampling points. The interpolation process uses an existing non-uniform interpolation algorithm to add sampling points near the absorption peak of the initial spectrum to improve the resolution of the key area to capture the light intensity fluctuation under the slight wavelength change and obtain a high-resolution spectrum; S105: In the high-resolution spectrum, if there is spectral overlap, the signal overlap is removed using a deconvolution method to obtain an output spectrum: ; S(λ) is the signal point of the output spectrum, I rec (λ) is a signal point of the high-resolution spectrum, G(λ) is a function used to describe the response characteristics of the spectrometer to input signals at different wavelengths, and G(λ) is obtained after calibration on the spectrometer of the present invention using a high-precision standard light source and calibration equipment, and the calibration equipment includes a standard light source, a standard filter, a standard reflector, a wavelength standard material, an integrating sphere or an optical power meter, which is not limited here.

[0029] By adopting the spectral super-resolution algorithm in the processing module, the resolution of the output spectrum of the spectrometer is significantly improved. Even in the case of spectral overlap or signal interference, more subtle spectral features can be captured, thereby improving the accuracy of spectral recognition. It can meet a variety of high-precision detection needs and is particularly suitable for complex sample analysis scenarios, such as chemical composition detection and trace substance identification, demonstrating excellent applicability and reliability in complex environments.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Combining with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 In addition to the contents of the above embodiments, the light source module includes a fixed base plate vertically fixed in a fixed housing, at least three light source units fixed on the fixed base plate, a shielding plate arranged parallel to the fixed base plate, a movable connection component that movably connects the fixed base plate and the shielding plate, a position adjustment mechanism for driving the fixed base plate to move relative to the shielding plate, and a positioning unit for detecting the position of the light source unit after the position adjustment mechanism completes operation.

[0031] The movable connection component includes a linear slide rail horizontally laid on a fixed base plate, a slider capable of sliding on the linear slide rail in a limited position, and a telescopic adjustment member having one end fixedly connected to the slider and the other end fixedly connected to the baffle plate. The telescopic direction of the telescopic adjustment member is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the position adjustment mechanism. The distance between the fixed base plate and the baffle plate is adjusted by the telescopic operation of the telescopic adjustment member. The telescopic adjustment member is a piezoelectric micro drive rod in the prior art.

[0032] The position adjustment mechanism includes a linear telescopic drive device with one end fixed to the shielding plate through a fixed seat and the direction of telescopic operation is arranged parallel to the board surface of the shielding plate, a matching block laid on the board wall of the fixed base plate, and a fixed element that fixes the telescopic drive end of the linear telescopic drive device to the matching block, so that on the basis of the movable connection component, the telescopic drive operation of the linear telescopic drive device can be used to drive the fixed base plate to move horizontally relative to the shielding plate.

[0033] The fixed substrate is evenly divided into three unit areas from left to right, and each unit area is equipped with a light source unit. Each light source unit includes a plurality of LED lamp beads fixed on the unit area in a matrix and a controller for controlling each LED lamp bead to operate independently.

[0034] Each LED lamp bead in the same light source unit is designed and configured to emit light within a specific preset wavelength range. According to the spectrometer's requirements for the target spectrum, the controller can activate LED lamp beads that can emit light within the wavelength range corresponding to the target spectrum to achieve the combined output of multi-wavelength light sources. A flexible and adjustable spectral range is generated through the light source unit, and spectral coverage of different wavelength ranges is achieved by activating multiple LED lamp beads at the same time, thereby meeting the needs of different spectral analysis tasks.

[0035] The baffle plate includes a plate body and a transmission port arranged in the middle of the baffle plate, and the light source unit on the fixed substrate is further transmitted to the collimating lens through the transmission port, and the transmission port is set to be a light source that can only pass through one light source unit, and the light source unit located at the transmission port is used as an operating unit. When a fault occurs in the operating unit, the position adjustment mechanism completes the replacement of the new operating unit by driving a new light source unit to the transmission port so as not to affect the subsequent spectral monitoring operation of the spectrometer.

[0036] The positioning unit includes three surrounding frames respectively laid on the fixed substrate and closed around the periphery of each unit area, a plurality of light sensors laid on the shielding plate and arranged close to the transmission port, and a judgment subunit for receiving and analyzing the monitoring conditions of all light sensors to further judge the alignment of the target unit and the transmission port.

[0037] Each light sensor is used to emit a light signal of preset intensity toward the direction of the fixed substrate and receive a reflected light signal reflected by the outside.

[0038] Among them, the surrounding frame is an open frame with an opening in the middle. The surrounding frame is made of a mixture of silicone rubber and polyurethane. The outer wall of the surrounding frame is coated with a carbon black coating, so that the surrounding frame has deformation ability and light-shielding property. The light-shielding performance of the surrounding frame makes the light source emitted by the operating unit strictly limited within the transmission port range, avoiding leakage and dispersion of the light source, and ensuring that the light source is transmitted to the collimating lens in a concentrated manner.

[0039] The surrounding frame includes a frame outer wall, a frame inner wall, a frame top wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall, and a frame bottom wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall and arranged parallel to the frame top wall. The frame inner diameter of the surrounding frame is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the transmission port, and the frame bottom wall of the surrounding frame is laid on the fixed substrate. The distance between the frame inner wall and the frame outer wall is R. The area on the surrounding frame within the range of R distance from the transmission port is the sensing area, and the frame top wall of the surrounding frame abuts against the sensing area.

[0040] A plurality of light sensors are respectively embedded in the sensing area at preset intervals. When the top wall of the surrounding frame faces the sensing area, it is determined that the light source unit surrounded by the surrounding frame is aligned with the transmission port.

[0041] When the current operating unit is damaged and needs to be replaced, the telescopic adjustment member is extended to increase the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate, so that the frame top wall of the surrounding frame is away from the baffle plate, and the position adjustment mechanism further drives the baffle plate related to the fixed substrate to move to move other light source units to align with the transmission port, and when the positioning unit identifies that the light source unit is aligned with the transmission port, the telescopic adjustment member is contracted to reduce the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate until the frame top wall of the surrounding frame re-contacts the sensing area, completing the replacement of the new operating unit.

[0042] Specifically, the judgment subunit implements the following process steps: S201: receiving a reflected light signal monitored by each light sensor; S203: Calculate and obtain position index parameter CI: ; n is the total number of light sensors, I i is the intensity of the reflected light signal monitored by the i-th light sensor; S203: when CI is lower than a preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is aligned with the position of the transmission port; When CI is above the preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is not aligned with the transmission port, and further drives the position adjusting unit to adjust the position of the light source unit until CI is less than the preset threshold.

[0043] The comprehensive index CI combines the intensity and uniformity of the reflected light signal, and can comprehensively evaluate the alignment state of the surrounding frame and the transmission port. The reference threshold is the upper limit value of CI calculated by technical personnel in this field after a large number of repeated test trainings, when the light source unit is aligned with the transmission port.

[0044] The light source module has dynamic adjustment and automatic replacement functions. When a light source unit is damaged, the position adjustment mechanism can quickly replace it with a new operating unit. This design avoids operation interruptions caused by light source failure, ensures the continuity and efficiency of field measurement, and improves the adaptability and reliability of the spectrometer in multiple scenarios. It is especially suitable for tasks in complex environments such as on-site measurement.

[0045] Embodiment 3: Combining with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 In addition to the contents of the above embodiments, the adaptive adjustment module implements the following operation steps: S301: Before performing spectrum monitoring on the sample liquid to be tested, first monitor the light source of the light source unit; S302: When the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength range of the operation unit monitored by the array sensor is above the preset light intensity, it is determined that the current operation unit is normal; When the light intensity corresponding to a wavelength is lower than the preset light intensity, it is determined that the operating unit is damaged, and the position adjustment mechanism is further controlled to move the fixed substrate so that other light source units are moved to align with the transmission port and replaced with new light source units; S303: using judgment to detect and confirm the alignment state between the surrounding frame of the target light source unit and the transmission port; S304: monitoring the light source of the new operating unit to ensure that the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength range of the new operating unit is above the preset light intensity; S305: Start the spectrum monitoring operation of the sample liquid to be tested.

[0046] The adaptive adjustment module effectively avoids data errors and invalid measurements caused by light source damage through active light source monitoring, improves the integrity and reliability of data collected by the spectrometer, and ensures that each spectral monitoring is based on high-quality light source output, which is particularly critical in precision analysis and complex environments.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. That is, the methods, systems and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may appropriately omit, replace or add various processes or components. For example, in alternative configurations, the method may be performed in an order different from that described, and / or various components may be added, omitted and / or combined. Moreover, the features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, such as different aspects and elements of the configuration may be combined in a similar manner. In addition, as technology develops, the elements therein may be updated, i.e., many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure or claims. And it should be understood that after reading the contents of the record of the present invention, the technician may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectrometer based on a controllable LED matrix light source, characterized in that: The invention comprises a casing, a light source module capable of dynamically adjusting the output of light sources in different wavelength ranges according to needs, a collimating lens vertically arranged in front of the light source module and used to parallelize the light emitted by the light source to ensure the direction of the light, a dispersing component for dispersing the light parallel to the collimating lens into light beams of different wavelengths, a test cavity for placing a sample liquid to be tested, a focusing plate for focusing the dispersed light beams transmitted from the test cavity, an array sensor arranged on the focusing plate for monitoring the intensity of light of different wavelengths, a processing module for receiving and analyzing the signals monitored by the array sensor and outputting spectral information, and an adaptive adjustment module for monitoring and adjusting the light source conditions of the light source module, wherein the light source module, the collimating lens, the dispersing component, the test cavity, the focusing plate, the array sensor and the adaptive adjustment module are arranged in the casing.

2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that The light source module includes a fixed base plate vertically fixed in the housing, at least three light source units fixed on the fixed base plate, a shielding plate arranged parallel to the fixed base plate, a movable connection component that movably connects the fixed base plate and the shielding plate, a position adjustment mechanism for driving the fixed base plate to move relative to the shielding plate, and a positioning unit for detecting the position of the light source unit after the position adjustment mechanism completes its operation.

3. The spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that The movable connection component includes a linear slide rail horizontally laid on a fixed base plate, a slider capable of sliding on the linear slide rail in a limited position, and a telescopic adjustment member fixedly connected to the slider at one end and fixedly connected to the shielding plate at the other end, wherein the telescopic direction of the telescopic adjustment member is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the position adjustment mechanism, and the distance between the fixed base plate and the shielding plate is adjusted by the telescopic operation of the telescopic adjustment member.

4. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that The position adjustment mechanism includes a linear telescopic drive device with one end fixed to the shielding plate through a fixed seat and the direction of telescopic operation is arranged parallel to the board surface of the shielding plate, a matching block laid on the board wall of the fixed base plate, and a fixed element that fixes the telescopic drive end of the linear telescopic drive device to the matching block, so that on the basis of the movable connection component, the telescopic drive operation of the linear telescopic drive device can be used to drive the fixed base plate to move horizontally relative to the shielding plate.

5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, characterized in that The fixed substrate is evenly divided into three unit areas from the left side to the right side, and each unit area is equipped with a light source unit, each light source unit includes a plurality of LED lamp beads fixed on the unit area in a matrix and a controller for controlling each LED lamp bead to operate independently; Each LED lamp bead in the same light source unit is designed to emit light within a specific preset wavelength range. According to the spectrometer's requirements for the target spectrum, the controller can activate the LED lamp bead that can emit light within the wavelength range corresponding to the target spectrum to achieve the combined output of the multi-wavelength light source. The light source unit generates a flexible and adjustable spectral range, and the spectrum coverage of different wavelength ranges is achieved by activating multiple LED lamp beads at the same time, thereby meeting the requirements of different spectral analysis tasks. The shielding plate includes a plate body and a transmission port arranged in the middle of the shielding plate, and the light source unit on the fixed substrate is further transmitted to the collimating lens through the transmission port, and the transmission port is set to allow the light source to only pass through one light source unit, and the light source unit located outside the transmission port is the operating unit.

6. The spectrometer according to claim 5, characterized in that The positioning unit includes three surrounding frames respectively laid on the fixed substrate and respectively closed around the periphery of each unit area, a plurality of light sensors laid on the shielding plate and arranged close to the transmission port, and a judgment subunit for receiving and analyzing the monitoring conditions of all light sensors to further judge the alignment of the target unit and the transmission port; Each light sensor is used to emit a light signal of preset intensity in the direction of the fixed substrate and receive a reflected light signal reflected by the outside world. The surrounding frame is an open frame with an opening in the middle. The surrounding frame includes a frame outer wall, a frame inner wall, a frame top wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall, and a frame bottom wall enclosed between the frame outer wall and the frame inner wall and arranged parallel to the frame top wall. The frame inner diameter of the surrounding frame is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the transmission port, and the frame bottom wall of the surrounding frame is laid on the fixed substrate. The distance between the frame inner wall and the frame outer wall is R. The area of ​​the surrounding frame within the range of R distance from the transmission port is the sensing area, and the frame top wall of the surrounding frame abuts against the sensing area. A plurality of light sensors are respectively embedded in the sensing area at preset intervals. When the top wall of the surrounding frame faces the sensing area, it is determined that the light source unit surrounded by the surrounding frame is aligned with the transmission port.

7. The spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that When the current operating unit is damaged and needs to be replaced, the telescopic adjustment member is extended to increase the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate, so that the frame top wall of the surrounding frame is away from the baffle plate, and the position adjustment mechanism further drives the baffle plate related to the fixed substrate to move to move other light source units to align with the transmission port, and when the positioning unit identifies that the light source unit is aligned with the transmission port, the telescopic adjustment member is contracted to reduce the distance between the fixed substrate and the baffle plate until the frame top wall of the surrounding frame re-contacts the sensing area, completing the replacement of the new operating unit.

8. The spectrometer according to claim 7, characterized in that The judgment subunit implements the following process steps: S201: receiving a reflected light signal monitored by each light sensor; S203: Calculate and obtain position index parameter CI: ； n is the total number of light sensors, I i is the intensity of the reflected light signal monitored by the i-th light sensor; S203: when CI is lower than a preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is aligned with the position of the transmission port; When CI is above the preset reference threshold THC, the judging subunit judges that the light source unit where the surrounding frame is located is not aligned with the transmission port, and further drives the position adjusting unit to adjust the position of the light source unit until CI is less than the preset threshold.

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