Measuring device and method for correcting torsion error of inclinometer guide groove

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device and method for correcting torsion errors of an inclinometer guide groove, and the device comprises a data collection mechanism, an inclinometer and an inclinometer guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism which extends into the inclinometer and is connected with the data collection mechanism. A first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a fourth guide groove are sequentially formed in the inner wall of the inclinometer pipe in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, burying the inclinometer; 2, mounting a measuring device; 3, measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer; 4, measuring the displacement of the inclinometer pipe; and 5, carrying out torsion correction calculation on the inclinometer guide groove. The measuring device formed by combining the angle sensor and the sliding guide wheel is matched with the pre-buried inclinometer pipe, the torsion angles of the four guide grooves in each measuring section in the inclinometer pipe can be obtained, the relative torsion deformation angle of each measuring point of the inclinometer pipe is obtained through torsion superposition calculation, displacement errors, measured by the inclinometer, in different directions are corrected, and the accuracy of the displacement errors is improved. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, and can reflect the real deformation condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring and detection, and in particular relates to a measuring device and method for correcting a torsion error of a guide groove of an inclinometer tube. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, it is often necessary to observe the deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits, slopes, retaining walls, etc., and the vertical displacement of horizontal pipe curtains. Inclinometers are commonly used monitoring instruments for observing deep horizontal and vertical displacements. When the inclinometer method is used to observe displacement, the inclinometer tube needs to be drilled vertically through the unstable soil layer to the lower stable stratum or drilled through the entire pipe curtain in the horizontal pipe curtain. The inclinometer probe is positioned by the inclinometer guide groove. The torsion of the inclinometer guide groove will cause the inclinometer to actually measure the azimuth deflection, and the actual displacement direction and size inside the stratum cannot be determined. The torsion error of the inclinometer guide groove is generally caused by the following reasons: First, the inclinometer guide groove torsion angle is too large due to the influence of the material and manufacturing process; second, the inclinometer tube is long. After multiple inclinometer tubes are connected, the torsion angle of the guide groove is superimposed, resulting in a larger change in the torsion angle; third, after the inclinometer tube is buried in the monitored object, the guide groove is twisted under the action of external force. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the internal displacement of the rock and soil mass, it is necessary to observe the distortion angle of the inclinometer guide groove before conducting internal displacement monitoring so as to correct the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The design of the measuring device is novel and reasonable. The measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel cooperates with the pre-buried inclinometer tube to obtain the torsion angle of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube. The relative torsion deformation angle of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube is obtained by torsion superposition calculation, and the displacement errors in different directions measured by the inclinometer are corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, can reflect the actual deformation situation, and is easy to promote and use.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube, characterized in that it includes a data acquisition mechanism arranged on the ground, an inclinometer tube inserted into the formation, and an inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism inserted into the inclinometer tube and connected to the data acquisition mechanism through a cable, wherein the inner wall of the inclinometer tube is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a fourth guide groove in the circumferential direction at equal intervals;

[0005] The inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism includes a measuring rod, one end of the measuring rod close to the data acquisition mechanism is connected to a fixed sleeve for installing an angle sensor through a protective sleeve, the other end of the fixed sleeve is connected to a third connecting rod, and one end of the measuring rod away from the data acquisition mechanism is sequentially connected to a second connecting rod and a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is provided with a first sliding guide wheel matched with the first guide groove and the third guide groove, the second connecting rod is provided with a second sliding guide wheel matched with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove, and the third connecting rod is provided with a third sliding guide wheel matched with the first guide groove and the third guide groove. One end of the angle sensor connected to the measuring rod is provided with a driven gear, and one end of the measuring rod connected to the angle sensor is provided with a transmission hole matched with the driven gear. A first sliding groove of an annular structure is provided on the measuring rod, the protective sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the measuring rod and the fixed sleeve, the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve, a second sliding groove is provided on the inner side wall of one end of the protective sleeve connected to the measuring rod, a circle of balls is provided between the second sliding groove and the first sliding groove, and a data line of the angle sensor passes through the inside of the third connecting rod and is connected to the data transmission interface.

[0006] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is characterized in that a cable fixing mechanism for limiting the cable is installed on the top of the inclinometer tube.

[0007] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer pipe is characterized in that: a lifting ring is provided at the end of the first connecting rod;

[0008] When the inclinometer tube is arranged vertically, the bottom of the inclinometer tube is closed, and a protective cap is threadedly connected to the end of the first connecting rod;

[0009] When the inclinometer tube is set horizontally, there is no need to install a protective cap at the end of the inclinometer tube. A steel wire rope connected to the lifting ring is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope is always kept in a stretched state.

[0010] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is characterized in that: the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod are connected by a connecting nail, the fixed sleeve and the third connecting rod are connected by a connecting nail, and a plurality of connecting holes are opened on the side of the measuring rod close to the second connecting rod, and the connecting nails pass through the connecting holes to connect the measuring rod and the second connecting rod.

[0011] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is characterized in that: a plurality of second screw holes are provided at one end of the protective sleeve connected to the fixed sleeve, and a plurality of first screw holes are provided on the fixed sleeve, the number of the first screw holes is equal to the number of the second screw holes and corresponds one to one, the fixing screw passes through the second screw hole and the first screw hole to fix the protective sleeve to the fixed sleeve, and a sensor fixing hole for fixing the angle sensor is provided on the fixed sleeve.

[0012] At the same time, the present invention also discloses a method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Bury the inclinometer pipe. The process is as follows:

[0014] Step 101, connecting the inclinometer tubes section by section, and sealing the joints between the bottom end of the inclinometer tube and the tube cap, and between adjacent inclinometer tubes;

[0015] Step 102, after the inclinometer tube is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer tube are along the main measuring direction;

[0016] Step 103, filling the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object with a filler;

[0017] Step 2: Install the measuring device: install the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism, and fix the cable fixing mechanism to the inclinometer tube opening on the data acquisition side to center the cable;

[0018] Step 3: Measure the torsion angle of the inclinometer casing. The process is as follows:

[0019] Step 301: The operator lays out the line according to the preset line-laying displacement L using the marks on the cable, where L is the segmented distance of the measuring point. After the data of the data acquisition mechanism is stable, the operator reads the data and measures the torsion angle β of the first guide groove and the third guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located in the i-th segment. Ai , where i is the measurement segment number and i=1,2,....,n, and n is the total number of measurement segments;

[0020] Step 302, repeat step 301 until the measurement is completed, and the total measured distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube, and during the horizontal torsion angle pay-off process, the wire rope is always kept in a stretched state;

[0021] Step 303: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism and the inclinometer tube by 90°, repeat steps 301 to 302, and obtain the torsion angle β of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the i-th section in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. Bi ;

[0022] Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube. The process is as follows:

[0023] Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator lowers the probe according to the same distance measurement as that for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as that of the measuring point for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer;

[0024] Step 402: According to the formula Calculate the displacement Δ of the first and third guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located in the i-th section Ai , where U Ai1 is the probe voltage measured in the forward direction at the current position of the angle sensor, U Ai2 is the probe voltage measured in the reverse direction at the current position of the angle sensor, K is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor, and G is the earth's gravitational acceleration;

[0025] Step 403: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism by 90°, repeat steps 401 to 402, and obtain the displacement Δ of the inclinometer tube in the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located in the i-th section. Bi ;

[0026] Step 5: Calculate the torsion correction of the inclinometer guide groove. The process is as follows:

[0027] Step 501: According to formula β Ai总 =∑β Ai , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located Ai总 ;

[0028] According to the formula β Bi总 =∑β Bi , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located Bi总 ;

[0029] Step 502: According to formula S Ai =Δ Ai cosβ Ai总 +Δ Bi sinβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the first guide groove and the third guide groove in the plane direction of the i-th section. Ai ;

[0030] According to the formula S Bi =Δ Ai sinβ Ai总 +Δ Bi cosβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove. Bi ;

[0031] Step 503: According to the formula Calculate the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer casing i ;

[0032] Step 504: According to formula S i总 =∑S i , calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top i总 .

[0033] The above-mentioned method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is characterized in that: in step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object is filled with filler to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become one, and at the same time have similar mechanical properties to the surrounding stratum soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitored stratum soil is coordinated, and the stratum deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, so as to timely and accurately reflect the real deformation of the stratum.

[0034] The above-mentioned method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is characterized in that the value range of the segmented distance L of the measuring point is 1m to 1.5m.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. The measuring device used in the present invention has a reasonable structural design, simple and clear installation and measurement steps, and each part of the device can be detachably connected, which is easy to carry. If any part is damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced for continued use. It is simple to operate and convenient to store, saving time and effort.

[0037] 2. The measuring device adopted by the present invention is equipped with a lifting ring and a protective cap, and can perform both horizontal measurement and vertical measurement of the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube guide groove. The lifting ring is pulled by a wire rope to measure the horizontal torsion angle of the inclinometer tube guide groove. During vertical measurement, the protective cap is used to reduce the collision with the measuring device, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the measurement and improving the reusability of the device.

[0038] 3. The protective sleeve of the present invention is connected with a fixed bolt at one end and a bearing structure at the other end, thereby avoiding the adverse effect of high welding temperature on the angle sensor. The bearing connection makes the device more integrated and reduces friction, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0039] 4. The present invention installs a cable fixing mechanism at the mouth of the inclinometer tube, which can ensure that the cable always remains centered during the horizontal or vertical deformation measurement process, thereby ensuring that the distance from each line section to the measuring device is the same during each measurement process, ensuring that the measuring device is in the same position during each measurement, reducing measurement errors, and having high reusability and accurate and reliable measurement data.

[0040] 5. The present invention is novel and reasonable in design. The measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel cooperates with a pre-buried inclinometer tube to obtain the torsion angles of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube. The relative torsion deformation angles of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube are obtained by torsion superposition calculation, and the displacement errors in different directions measured by the inclinometer are corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, can reflect the actual deformation situation, and is easy to promote and use.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a diagram showing the effect of using the measuring device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the measuring device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at P in the middle.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed sleeve of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective sleeve of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the torsion correction of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 It is the total accumulated displacement of the end of the inclinometer tube after error correction of the present invention.

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0051] Description of reference numerals:

[0052] 1—inclinometer tube; 2—inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism;

[0053] 3—data acquisition mechanism; 4—cable; 5—cable fixing mechanism;

[0054] 6—ground; 7—protective cap; 8—lifting ring;

[0055] 9-1—first sliding guide wheel; 9-2—second sliding guide wheel; 9-3—third sliding guide wheel;

[0056] 10—connecting nail; 10-1—connecting hole; 11—protective sleeve;

[0057] 11-1—Second screw hole; 11-2—Second slide slot; 12—Fixing screw;

[0058] 13—data transmission interface; 14—angle sensor; 14-1—driven gear;

[0059] 15—fixing sleeve; 15-1—sensor fixing hole; 15-2—first screw hole;

[0060] 16—ball bearing; 17—measuring rod; 17-2—transmission hole;

[0061] 17-3—first chute; 18-1—first connecting rod; 18-2—second connecting rod;

[0062] 18-3—Third connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube according to the present invention comprises a data acquisition mechanism 3 arranged on the ground 6, an inclinometer tube 1 inserted into the formation, and an inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism 2 inserted into the inclinometer tube 1 and connected to the data acquisition mechanism 3 through a cable 4, wherein the inner wall of the inclinometer tube 1 is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a fourth guide groove in the circumferential direction at equal intervals;

[0065] The inclinometer guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism 2 includes a measuring rod 17, one end of the measuring rod 17 close to the data acquisition mechanism 3 is connected to a fixed sleeve 15 for installing an angle sensor 14 through a protective sleeve 11, and the other end of the fixed sleeve 15 is connected to a third connecting rod 18-3, and the end of the measuring rod 17 away from the data acquisition mechanism 3 is sequentially connected to a second connecting rod 18-2 and a first connecting rod 18-1, the first connecting rod 18-1 is provided with a first sliding guide wheel 9-1 that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove, the second connecting rod 18-2 is provided with a second sliding guide wheel 9-2 that cooperates with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove, and the third connecting rod 18-3 is provided with a third sliding guide wheel that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove. Guide wheel 9-3, a driven gear 14-1 is provided at one end where the angle sensor 14 is connected to the measuring rod 17, a transmission hole 17-2 cooperating with the driven gear 14-1 is provided at one end where the measuring rod 17 is connected to the angle sensor 14, a first slide groove 17-3 of an annular structure is provided on the measuring rod 17, the protective sleeve 11 is sleeved on the outside of the measuring rod 17 and the fixed sleeve 15, the protective sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 15, a second slide groove 11-2 is provided on the inner wall of the end where the protective sleeve 11 is connected to the measuring rod 17, a circle of balls 16 is provided between the second slide groove 11-2 and the first slide groove 17-3, and the data line of the angle sensor 14 passes through the inside of the third connecting rod 18-3 and is connected to the data transmission interface 13.

[0066] In this embodiment, a cable fixing mechanism 5 for limiting the position of the cable 4 is installed on the top of the inclinometer tube 1 .

[0067] In this embodiment, a lifting ring 8 is provided at the end of the first connecting rod 18-1;

[0068] When the inclinometer tube 1 is arranged vertically, the bottom of the inclinometer tube 1 is closed, and the end of the first connecting rod 18-1 is threadedly connected with a protective cap 7;

[0069] When the inclinometer tube 1 is arranged horizontally, the protective cap 7 does not need to be installed at the end of the inclinometer tube 1, and a steel wire rope connected to the lifting ring 8 is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope is always kept in a stretched state.

[0070] In this embodiment, the second connecting rod 18-2 and the first connecting rod 18-1 are connected by a connecting nail 10, and the fixed sleeve 15 and the third connecting rod 18-3 are connected by a connecting nail 10. A plurality of connecting holes 10-1 are provided on the side of the measuring rod 17 close to the second connecting rod 18-2, and the connecting nail 10 passes through the connecting hole 10-1 to connect the measuring rod 17 to the second connecting rod 18-2.

[0071] In this embodiment, a plurality of second screw holes 11-1 are provided at one end of the protective sleeve 11 connected to the fixed sleeve 15, and a plurality of first screw holes 15-2 are provided on the fixed sleeve 15. The number of the first screw holes 15-2 is equal to and corresponds to the number of the second screw holes 11-1. The fixing screws 12 pass through the second screw holes 11-1 and the first screw holes 15-2 to fix the protective sleeve 11 to the fixed sleeve 15. The fixed sleeve 15 is provided with a sensor fixing hole 15-1 for fixing the angle sensor 14.

[0072] It should be noted that the measuring device has a reasonable structural design, and the installation and measurement steps are simple and clear. All parts of the device can be disassembled and connected for easy carrying. If any part is damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced for continued use. The operation is simple, convenient for storage, and saves time and effort. By installing the lifting ring and the protective cap, both horizontal and vertical inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angles can be measured. The lifting ring is pulled by a wire rope to measure the horizontal torsion angle of the inclinometer tube guide groove. During vertical measurement, the protective cap is used to reduce the collision with the measuring device, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the measurement and improving the reusability of the device. One end of the protective sleeve is fixed with bolts, and the other end is connected with a bearing structure, which avoids the adverse effects of welding high temperature on the angle sensor, and the bearing connection makes the device as a whole The cable fixing mechanism is installed at the inclinometer tube mouth to ensure that the cable is always centered during the horizontal or vertical deformation measurement process, thereby ensuring that the distance from each line section to the measuring device is the same during each measurement process, ensuring that the measuring device is in the same position during each measurement, reducing the measurement error, and having high reusability and accurate and reliable measurement data; the measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel cooperates with the pre-buried inclinometer tube to obtain the torsion angle of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube, and the relative torsion deformation angle of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube is calculated through torsion superposition, and the displacement errors in different directions measured by the inclinometer are corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, and can reflect the actual deformation situation.

[0073] like Figures 7 to 9 A method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer casing is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Bury the inclinometer pipe. The process is as follows:

[0075] Step 101, connecting the inclinometer tubes section by section, and sealing the joints between the bottom end of the inclinometer tube and the tube cap, and between adjacent inclinometer tubes;

[0076] Step 102, after the inclinometer tube is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer tube are along the main measuring direction;

[0077] Step 103, filling the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object with a filler;

[0078] Step 2: Install the measuring device: install the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism 3, and fix the cable fixing mechanism 5 to the inclinometer tube mouth on the data acquisition side to center the cable;

[0079] Step 3: Measure the torsion angle of the inclinometer casing. The process is as follows:

[0080] Step 301: The operator lays out the line according to the preset line-laying displacement L using the marks on the cable, where L is the segment distance of the measuring point. After the data of the data acquisition mechanism 3 is stable, the reading is taken to measure the torsion angle β of the first guide groove and the third guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located in the i-th segment. Ai , where i is the measurement segment number and i=1,2,....,n, and n is the total number of measurement segments;

[0081] Step 302, repeat step 301 until the measurement is completed, and the total measured distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube, and during the horizontal torsion angle pay-off process, the wire rope is always kept in a stretched state;

[0082] Step 303: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism and the inclinometer tube by 90°, repeat steps 301 to 302, and obtain the torsion angle β of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the i-th section in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. Bi ;

[0083] Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube. The process is as follows:

[0084] Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator lowers the probe according to the same distance measurement as that for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as that of the measuring point for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer;

[0085] Step 402: According to the formula Calculate the displacement Δ of the first and third guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located in the i-th section Ai , where U Ai1 is the probe voltage measured in the forward direction at the current position of the angle sensor 14, U Ai2 is the probe voltage measured in the reverse direction at the current position of the angle sensor 14, K is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor 14, and G is the earth's gravitational acceleration;

[0086] Step 403: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism by 90°, repeat steps 401 to 402, and obtain the displacement Δ of the inclinometer tube in the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located in the i-th section. Bi ;like Figure 7 O2B shown.

[0087] Step 5: Calculate the torsion correction of the inclinometer guide groove. The process is as follows:

[0088] Step 501: According to formula β Ai总 =∑β Ai , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located Ai总 ;

[0089] According to the formula β Bi总 =∑β Bi , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located Bi总 ;

[0090] Step 502: According to formula S Ai =Δ Ai cosβ Ai总 +Δ Bi sinβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the first guide groove and the third guide groove in the plane direction of the i-th section. Ai ;

[0091] According to the formula S Bi =Δ Ai sinβ Ai总 +Δ Bi cosβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove. Bi ;

[0092] Step 503: According to the formula Calculate the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer casing i ;

[0093] Step 504: According to formula S i总 =∑S i , calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top i总 .

[0094] like Figure 7As shown, on the bottom plane of the inclinometer tube, with the center O2 of the bottom circle of the inclinometer tube as the coordinate origin, with the direction from the third guide groove to the first guide groove as the positive direction of the coordinate axis A, and with the direction from the second guide groove to the fourth guide groove as the positive direction of the coordinate axis B, a rectangular coordinate system AO2B is established;

[0095] Taking i as n as an example, according to the formula S An =O2Acosβ An总 +O2Bsinβ Bn总 =O2A2 to obtain the corrected displacement O2A2 of the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove relative to the top, where S An is the displacement correction vector in the plane direction where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located;

[0096] According to the formula S Bn =O2Asinβ An总 +O2Bcosβ Bn总 = O2B2 to obtain the corrected displacement O2B2 of the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove relative to the top, where S Bn is the displacement correction vector in the plane direction where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located;

[0097] According to the formula Calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement O2O3 of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top; S n It is the displacement correction vector of the nth section of the inclinometer guide groove.

[0098] In this embodiment, in step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object is filled with filler to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become one, and at the same time have similar mechanical properties to the surrounding stratum soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitored stratum soil is coordinated, and the stratum deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, so as to timely and accurately reflect the real deformation of the stratum.

[0099] In this embodiment, the value range of the measuring point segment distance L is 1m to 1.5m.

[0100] Embodiment 1

[0101] This embodiment is for measuring and correcting the torsion angle of a guide groove of a horizontal inclinometer casing buried in a horizontal hole.

[0102] In this embodiment, the angle sensor is a small-size single-turn absolute angle sensor with a diameter of 29 mm, 4 M3 mounting holes, a depth of 7 mm, a driven gear diameter of 5 mm, an angle measurement range of 0 to 360°, ±180°, no mechanical limit, and an angle measurement based on the transformer principle. It has no contacts, a long life, and high reliability and sensitivity.

[0103] In this embodiment, the fixed sleeve is a hollow stainless steel flange with a diameter of 38 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. One side is a hollow plate with an outer diameter the same as the diameter of the fixed sleeve, an inner diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 2.5 mm. The sensor fixing hole on the hollow plate corresponds to the mounting hole position on the angle sensor and is connected by screws. Four second screw holes with a diameter of 3 mm are evenly arranged on the barrel.

[0104] In this embodiment, the protective sleeve is made of stainless steel flange, with a diameter of 45mm and a thickness of 3mm. A slide groove and a connecting rod slide groove are provided on one side to install a ball with a diameter of 3mm to form a bearing, which can rotate relative to each other. Four screw holes with a diameter of 3mm are evenly arranged on the barrel, and their positions correspond to the positions of the fixed sleeve body, and are connected by 6mm fixing screws.

[0105] In this embodiment, the central axes of the pulley block are on the same vertical plane, ensuring that the transmission of force between the fixed pulleys only changes direction but not magnitude. The sliding surfaces of the first sliding guide wheel and the second sliding guide wheel are perpendicular to each other, and the distance L between their midpoints on the central axis of the connecting rod and the third sliding guide wheel on the central axis of the connecting rod is 1.0 to 1.5 m. The diameter of the steel wire rope should be between 2 and 3 mm.

[0106] Embodiment 2

[0107] This embodiment is for measuring and correcting the torsion angle of a guide groove of a vertical inclinometer casing buried in a vertical hole.

[0108] In this embodiment, only the installation and data collection of the inclinometer casing are different from the torsion angle measurement of the horizontal inclinometer casing, so other parts will not be described in detail.

[0109] In this embodiment, the inclinometer tube is connected to the designed length section by section by inserting and connecting method, and is placed vertically in the hole and rotated so that a pair of guide grooves in the tube are consistent with the designed measurement direction. The inclinometer tube mouth is 15 to 20 cm above the ground, and the tube mouth is protected by brickwork.

[0110] In this embodiment, a protective cap is installed at the end of the first connecting rod. The tip of the protective cap is made of rubber, which can reduce collision damage caused by the movement of the measuring device. The bottom is threaded and can be disassembled on the connecting rod. The line is laid out under the action of gravity, and the measuring section length and measuring points of the inclinometer are the same as the measuring section length and measuring point positions of the inclinometer tube torsion angle measurement.

[0111] Correct the error caused by the torsion of the inclinometer casing to improve the reliability of the measurement data.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube, characterized in that: The device comprises a data acquisition mechanism (3) arranged on the ground (6), an inclinometer tube (1) extending into the stratum, and an inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism (2) extending into the inclinometer tube (1) and connected to the data acquisition mechanism (3) via a cable (4); a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a fourth guide groove are arranged in the inner wall of the inclinometer tube (1) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; The inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism (2) comprises a measuring rod (17), one end of the measuring rod (17) close to the data acquisition mechanism (3) is connected to a fixed sleeve (15) for installing an angle sensor (14) through a protective sleeve (11), the other end of the fixed sleeve (15) is connected to a third connecting rod (18-3), one end of the measuring rod (17) away from the data acquisition mechanism (3) is sequentially connected to a second connecting rod (18-2) and a first connecting rod (18-1), the first connecting rod (18-1) is provided with a first sliding guide wheel (9-1) matched with the first guide groove and the third guide groove, the second connecting rod (18-2) is provided with a second sliding guide wheel (9-2) matched with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove, and the third connecting rod (18-3) is provided with a third sliding guide wheel (9-3) matched with the first guide groove and the third guide groove. ), a driven gear (14-1) is arranged at one end of the angle sensor (14) connected to the measuring rod (17), a transmission hole (17-2) matched with the driven gear (14-1) is arranged at one end of the measuring rod (17) connected to the angle sensor (14), a first slide groove (17-3) of an annular structure is provided on the measuring rod (17), a protective sleeve (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the measuring rod (17) and the fixed sleeve (15), the protective sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve (15), a second slide groove (11-2) is arranged on the inner side wall of one end of the protective sleeve (11) connected to the measuring rod (17), a circle of balls (16) is arranged between the second slide groove (11-2) and the first slide groove (17-3), and a data line of the angle sensor (14) passes through the inside of the third connecting rod (18-3) and is connected to the data transmission interface (13).

2. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cable fixing mechanism (5) for limiting the position of the cable (4) is installed on the top of the inclinometer tube (1).

3. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting ring (8) is provided at the end of the first connecting rod (18-1); When the inclinometer tube (1) is arranged vertically, the bottom of the inclinometer tube (1) is closed, and a protective cap (7) is threadedly connected to the end of the first connecting rod (18-1); When the inclinometer tube (1) is arranged horizontally, the end of the inclinometer tube (1) does not need to be equipped with a protective cap (7), and a steel wire rope connected to a lifting ring (8) is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope is always kept in a stretched state.

4. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting rod (18-2) and the first connecting rod (18-1) are connected via a connecting nail (10), the fixing sleeve (15) and the third connecting rod (18-3) are connected via a connecting nail (10), a plurality of connecting holes (10-1) are provided on a side of the measuring rod (17) close to the second connecting rod (18-2), and the connecting nail (10) passes through the connecting hole (10-1) to connect the measuring rod (17) and the second connecting rod (18-2).

5. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second screw holes (11-1) are provided at one end of the protective sleeve (11) connected to the fixing sleeve (15), and a plurality of first screw holes (15-2) are provided on the fixing sleeve (15), the number of the first screw holes (15-2) being equal to and corresponding to the number of the second screw holes (11-1), and the fixing screws (12) passing through the second screw holes (11-1) and the first screw holes (15-2) fix the protective sleeve (11) and the fixing sleeve (15), and a sensor fixing hole (15-1) for fixing the angle sensor (14) is provided on the fixing sleeve (15).

6. A method for measuring and correcting the torsion error of an inclinometer pipe guide groove using the measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Bury the inclinometer pipe. The process is as follows: Step 101, connecting the inclinometer tubes section by section, and sealing the joints between the bottom end of the inclinometer tube and the tube cap, and between adjacent inclinometer tubes; Step 102, after the inclinometer tube is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer tube are along the main measuring direction; Step 103, filling the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object with a filler; Step 2, installing the measuring device: install the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism (3), and fix the cable fixing mechanism (5) to the inclinometer tube mouth on the data acquisition side so that the cable is centered; Step 3: Measure the torsion angle of the inclinometer casing. The process is as follows: Step 301: The operator lays out the line according to the preset laying-out displacement L using the marks on the cable, where L is the segmented distance of the measuring point. After the data of the data acquisition mechanism (3) is stable, the operator reads the data and measures the torsion angle β of the first guide groove and the third guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located in the i-th segment. Ai , where i is the measurement segment number and i=1,2,....,n, and n is the total number of measurement segments; Step 302, repeat step 301 until the measurement is completed, and the total measured distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube, and during the horizontal torsion angle pay-off process, the wire rope is always kept in a stretched state; Step 303: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism and the inclinometer tube by 90°, repeat steps 301 to 302, and obtain the torsion angle β of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the i-th section in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. Bi ; Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube. The process is as follows: Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator lowers the probe according to the same distance measurement as that for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as that of the measuring point for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer; Step 402: According to the formula Calculate the displacement Δ of the first and third guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located in the i-th section Ai , where U Ai1 is the probe voltage of the angle sensor (14) measured in the forward direction at the current position, U Ai2 is the probe voltage measured in reverse at the current position of the angle sensor (14), K is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor (14), and G is the earth's gravitational acceleration; Step 403: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism by 90°, repeat steps 401 to 402, and obtain the displacement Δ of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located in the i-th section. Bi ; Step 5: Calculate the torsion correction of the inclinometer guide groove. The process is as follows: Step 501: According to formula β Ai总 =∑β Ai , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located Ai总 ; According to the formula β Bi总 =∑β Bi , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β of the i-th section of the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located Bi总 ; Step 502: According to formula S Ai =Δ Ai cosβ Ai总 +Δ Bi sinβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the first guide groove and the third guide groove in the plane direction of the i-th section. Ai ; According to the formula S Bi =Δ Ai sinβ Ai总 +Δ Bi cosβ Bi总 The displacement in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is vector-calculated to obtain the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove. Bi ; Step 503: According to the formula Calculate the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer casing i ; Step 504: According to formula S i总 =∑S i , calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer guide groove relative to the top i总 .

7. The method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object is filled with filler to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become one, and at the same time have similar mechanical properties to the surrounding stratum soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitored stratum soil is coordinated, and the stratum deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, so as to timely and accurately reflect the real deformation of the stratum.

8. The method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measuring point segment distance L ranges from 1m to 1.5m.

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