Teaching appliance for testing most disadvantageous arrangement

Abstract

The invention discloses a worst arrangement test teaching aid, and relates to the field of teaching aids, the worst arrangement test teaching aid comprises a base, a plurality of supports and beam models, the supports are arranged at intervals and are respectively connected with the base, and the beam models are respectively connected between two or more adjacent supports; external loads are applied to one or more different span positions of the beam model, the maximum deflection deformation in each span is compared, and the internal force of different spans is reflected, so that the beam model in the most unfavorable arrangement mode of the load of a continuous beam with a certain span number is found out, and course content teaching of the most unfavorable arrangement of the load is assisted to be completed; through the design, the visual effect of the load is visually and vividly presented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanics, and in particular to a most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool. Background Art

[0002] The consideration of the unfavorable position arrangement of live loads is based on the fact that the influence of live loads on the internal forces of the structure changes with the position of the loads. When designing continuous beams, in order to determine the most unfavorable internal forces of a certain section, not only the dead load acting on the structure is considered, but also the influence of the arrangement position of the live load on the internal forces of the calculated section is specially considered. This is because the position of the live load can be changed, and its influence on the internal forces also changes with the position of the load. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the most unfavorable arrangement of live loads to determine the maximum internal forces of a specified beam span.

[0003] The most unfavorable position layout is an important mechanical indicator that needs to be mastered and controlled in the current civil engineering structural design, construction, application and even maintenance. It is also the mechanical knowledge that civil and architecture students need to focus on.

[0004] In school teaching, the explanation of the above knowledge is the most unfavorable test arranged through software, which is not intuitive enough and is complicated and difficult to understand. Therefore, the mastery of this knowledge point requires students to have strong comprehension and imaginative thinking, which limits the improvement of teaching quality.

[0005] Therefore, developing a teaching aid that can visualize the most unfavorable arrangement is of great auxiliary significance for the teaching of mechanical knowledge. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool that can intuitively and vividly present the visual effect of load.

[0007] The present application discloses a most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool, comprising a base, a plurality of supports and a beam model, wherein the plurality of supports are arranged at intervals and are respectively connected to the base, and the beam model is respectively connected between two or more of the supports arranged adjacently; by applying loads to one or more different span positions of the beam model, the mid-span bending deformation of each span position of the beam model is detected to complete the most unfavorable arrangement test.

[0008] Optionally, the support includes a first support, a second support and a hinged support component, the first support and the second support are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support and the second support are respectively connected to the base; the hinged support component is arranged between the first support and the second support; wherein the hinged support component includes a simply supported hinged support component and a fixed hinged support component.

[0009] Optionally, the first support includes a first support body, a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, the second support includes a second support body, a third fixing portion and a fourth fixing portion, the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are arranged on a side of the first support body away from the base, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the base; the third fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion are arranged on a side of the second support body away from the base, and the third fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the base; the first fixing portion and the third fixing portion are arranged correspondingly, and the second fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the base. The fourth fixed part is arranged accordingly; the simply supported hinge support component includes a first simply supported hinge support component and a second simply supported hinge support component, the first simply supported hinge support component and the second simply supported hinge support component, the first simply supported hinge support component is detachably connected to the first fixed part and the third fixed part, and the second simply supported hinge support component is detachably connected to the second fixed part and the fourth fixed part; when only the first simply supported hinge support component or the second simply supported hinge support component is installed, the hinge support component is the simply supported hinge support component; when the first simply supported hinge support component and the second simply supported hinge support component are installed at the same time, the hinge support component is the fixed hinge support component.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between the first simply supported hinge support component and the second simply supported hinge support component is adjustable.

[0011] Optionally, the first support further includes a plurality of fifth fixing parts, and the second support further includes a plurality of sixth fixing parts, wherein the plurality of fifth fixing parts are vertically spaced apart between the base and the first fixing part, and the plurality of sixth fixing parts are vertically spaced apart between the base and the third fixing part.

[0012] Optionally, the lengths of the first simply-supported hinge support component and the second simply-supported hinge support component are both adjustable.

[0013] Optionally, the first simply supported hinge support member or the second simply supported hinge support member includes a first fixing nut, a second fixing nut, a first fixing nut, a second fixing nut, a threaded screw, a plurality of bearings, an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the plurality of bearings are sleeved on the threaded screw, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the plurality of bearings, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve, and along the extension direction of the threaded screw, the inner sleeve is slidably connected to the outer sleeve to adjust the total length of the two;

[0014] The first fixing portion includes a first fixing hole, and the third fixing portion includes a second fixing hole. One end of the threaded screw passes through the first fixing hole and the second fixing portion. The first fixing nut and the second fixing nut are arranged on both sides of the first fixing portion to clamp the first fixing portion. The other end of the threaded screw passes through the second fixing hole and the third fixing portion. The third fixing nut and the fourth fixing nut are arranged on both sides of the third fixing portion to clamp the third fixing portion, so as to fix the threaded screw between the first support and the second support, and make the length of the threaded screw between the first support and the second support adjustable.

[0015] Optionally, the spacing between the plurality of supports is adjustable.

[0016] Optionally, the support is slidably connected to the base.

[0017] Optionally, the support includes a first bottom plate, a first support plate, a second bottom plate and a second support plate, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other, the first support plate is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate, and the second support plate is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate; a side of the base corresponding to the first bottom plate is provided with a plurality of first bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, a side of the base corresponding to the second bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, the first bottom plate is detachably connected to the first bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, and the second bottom plate is detachably connected to the second bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals.

[0018] Compared with the prior art which can only present the test effect of the most unfavorable arrangement through computer software, the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching aid of the present application includes a base, multiple supports and a beam model, wherein the multiple supports are arranged at intervals and connected to the base, and the beam model is respectively connected between two or more adjacent supports; by applying loads to one or more different spans of the beam model, by comparing the maximum flexural deformation sizes of each span, the sizes of internal forces in different spans are reflected, so as to find the most unfavorable load arrangement for a continuous beam with a certain span number, so that the visual effect of the load of the most unfavorable arrangement test can be presented more intuitively and vividly through the teaching aid, so as to facilitate students' understanding and thus promote teaching quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, which constitute a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the implementation methods of the present application, and together with the text description, explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching aid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 and Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a test teaching tool with the most unfavorable arrangement of fixed hinge support components provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an application structure of the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching aid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the hinged member in the extended state provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a hinged member in a contracted state provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the cross-sectional line BB';

[0028] Fig.11 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the installation state of the hinged support member and the first support and the second support provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.12 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a teaching tool for testing the most unfavorable arrangement of a sliding fixed hinge support member provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a base, a first bottom plate, and a first support plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.14 yes Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure in a front view state;

[0032] Fig.15 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of the middle C area;

[0033] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of another most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.17 yes Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the application structure.

[0035] Among them, 100, teaching aids; 110, base; 111, first bottom plate fixing part; 112, second bottom plate fixing part; 120, support; 121, first support; 122, second support; 123, hinge support member; 124, first support body; 125, first fixing part; 126, second fixing part; 127, second support body; 128, third fixing part; 129, fourth fixing part; 130, fifth fixing part; 131, sixth fixing part; 132, simply supported hinge support member; 133, fixed hinge support member; 134, first simply supported hinge support member; 135, second simply supported hinge support member; 136, first fixing nut; 137, second fixing nut; 138, third fixing nut; 139, fourth fixing nut; 140, threaded screw; 141, bearing; 142, inner sleeve; 143, outer sleeve; 144, first fixing hole; 145, second fixing hole; 146, bolt; 147, beam model; 148, first bottom plate; 149, first support plate; 150, second bottom plate; 151, second support plate; 152, third support plate; 153, fourth support plate; 154, first fixed horizontal plate; 155, second fixed horizontal plate; 156, first support plate installation area; 157, second support plate installation area; 158, third support plate installation area; 159, fourth Support plate installation area; 160, first support plate fixing portion; 161, second support plate fixing portion; 162, first matching portion; 163, second matching portion; 170, displacer; 180, fixing seat; 181, connecting shaft; 182, spring; 183, electric eccentric wheel; 184, limiting structure; 185, first bolt; 186, second bolt; 187, first clip; 188, second clip; 190, overlapping installation area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be understood that the terms used herein, the specific structures and functional details disclosed are only for describing specific embodiments and are representative, but the present application can be implemented in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited to only the embodiments described herein.

[0037] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; "multiple" means two or more. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "second direction", "first direction", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are described based on the orientation or relative position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the simplified description of the present application, rather than indicating that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The position of the live load can be changed, and the influence of the live load on the internal force also changes with the position of the load. Therefore, in order to determine the most unfavorable internal force influence of a certain section when designing a continuous beam, that is, how to arrange the position of the live load to find the most unfavorable internal force of the calculated section. Therefore, the live load must be arranged unfavorably. Among them, the base and the support can be integrally formed or connected in a detachable manner. The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and optional embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the most unfavorable arrangement of the test teaching aid provided in the embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present application discloses a most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool 100, including a base 110, a plurality of supports 120 and a beam model 147, wherein the plurality of supports 120 are arranged at intervals and are respectively connected to the base 110, and the beam model 147 is respectively connected between two or more adjacent supports 120; by applying loads to one or more different spans of the beam model 147, by comparing the maximum flexural deformation sizes in each span, the sizes of internal forces in different spans are reflected, thereby finding the most unfavorable load arrangement for a continuous beam with a certain span number.

[0040] Compared with the prior art which can only present the test effect of the most unfavorable arrangement by means of computer software, the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool 100 of the present application includes a base 110, a plurality of supports 120 and a beam model 147, wherein the plurality of supports 120 are arranged at intervals and connected to the base 110, and the beam model 147 is respectively connected between two or more adjacent supports 120; by applying loads to one or more different spans of the beam model 147, by comparing the maximum flexural deformation magnitudes of the spans, the magnitudes of the internal forces of different spans are reflected, thereby finding the most unfavorable load arrangement for a continuous beam of a certain span number, so that the visual effect of the most unfavorable arrangement test can be presented more intuitively and vividly through the teaching tool 100, so as to facilitate students' understanding and thus promote the teaching quality.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the support 120 includes a first support 121, a second support 122 and a hinged support member 123, wherein the first support 121 and the second support 122 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support 121 and the second support 122 are respectively connected to the base 110; the hinged support member 123 is arranged between the first support 121 and the second support 122; wherein the hinged support member 123 includes a simply supported hinged support member 132 and a fixed hinged support member 133. Through different hinged support members 123, the most unfavorable arrangement test can be applied to different situations.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a test teaching tool with the most unfavorable arrangement of fixed hinge support components provided in an embodiment of the present application, combined with Figure 3-Figure 4 The first support 121 includes a first support body 124, a first fixing portion 125 and a second fixing portion 126, and the second support 122 includes a second support body 127, a third fixing portion 128 and a fourth fixing portion 129, wherein the first fixing portion 125 and the second fixing portion 126 are arranged on a side of the first support body 124 away from the base 110, and the first fixing portion 125 and the second fixing portion 126 are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the base 110; the third fixing portion 128 and the fourth fixing portion The third fixing portion 129 is arranged on the side of the second support body 127 away from the base 110, and the third fixing portion 128 and the fourth fixing portion 129 are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the base 110; the first fixing portion 125 is arranged corresponding to the third fixing portion 128, and the second fixing portion 126 is arranged corresponding to the fourth fixing portion 129, and the first fixing portion 125, the second fixing portion 126, the third fixing portion 128 and the fourth fixing portion 129 are used to install and connect the simply supported hinge support component 132.

[0043] The simply supported hinge support component 132 includes a first simply supported hinge support component 134 and a second simply supported hinge support component 135. The first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135, the first simply supported hinge support component 134 is detachably connected to the first fixing part 125 and the third fixing part 128, and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 is detachably connected to the second fixing part 126 and the fourth fixing part 129; this facilitates the disassembly, replacement or maintenance of the hinge support component 123.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, when only the first simply supported hinge support member 134 or the second simply supported hinge support member 135 is installed, the hinge support member 123 is the simply supported hinge support member 132, so that the beam model 147 is directly erected on the simply supported hinge support member 132, the width of the beam model 147 is roughly equivalent to the width of the simply supported hinge support member 132, and the beam model 147 can slide horizontally along the arrangement direction of the simply supported hinge support member 132. When a load is applied to one or more different span positions of the beam model 147, if the load is too large, the beam model 147 will be lifted up, and even if the span position is excessively bent, the beam model 147 can be separated from the simply supported hinge support member 132;

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, when the first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 are installed at the same time, the hinge support component 123 is the fixed hinge support component 133. At this time, the beam model 147 can pass through the gap between the first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135, and be arranged between the two simply supported hinge support components 132. The beam model 147 can also slide horizontally in the gap along the arrangement direction of the support 120, and the first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 can form a clamping state for the beam model 147. The first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 can also act as a spacing for the beam model 147. When a load acts on the beam model 147, if the beam model 147 is warped, the fixed hinge support component 133 can play a certain limiting role to avoid excessive warping, thereby reducing the problem of the beam model 147 being separated from the hinge support component 123.

[0046] The beam model 147 can be made of stainless steel, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, by using a simply supported hinge support component 132 or a fixed hinge support component 133, and then fixing the beam model 147, magnets can be placed on the beam model 147 corresponding to the span position between the two supports 120 to simulate and detect the most unfavorable load arrangement of the multi-span beam, wherein fewer magnets are placed in the middle of the span position to represent a concentrated load, and multiple magnets can also be used to form a continuous load.

[0047] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of area A in the middle, such as Figure 5 As shown, a limiting structure 184 can be set at the installation position of the fixed hinge support member 133 and the beam model 147 on both sides of the edge to fix the two ends of the beam model 147. The limiting structure 184 can include a first clip 187, a second clip 188, a first bolt 185 and a second bolt 186. The first clip 187 and the second clip 188 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the beam model 147, and then connected and fixed by the first bolt 185 and the second bolt 186. In this way, the limiting structure 184 is used to form a fixed limit at both ends of the beam model 147 to prevent the beam model 147 from sliding and causing misalignment during the teaching demonstration. Of course, the limiting structure 184 can also adopt an integrally formed fixed structure, as long as it can play a fixed limit role, it is not limited here.

[0048] in addition, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an application structure of the most unfavorable arrangement of the test teaching aids provided by the embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool 100 assembled by the fixed hinge support member 133 also includes a fixed seat 180, a connecting shaft 181, a spring 182 and an electric eccentric wheel 183, one end of the base 110 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 180 through the connecting shaft 181, and the base 110 can rotate along the fixed seat 180, the spring 182 is arranged on the side of the base 110 away from the fixed seat 180, and is located on the side of the base 110 away from the support 120, and the electric eccentric wheel 183 is arranged on the side of the base 110 away from the fixed seat 18 ... The eccentric wheel 183 is arranged on a side of the base 110 away from the fixed base 180, and the electric eccentric wheel 183 is connected through an eccentric wheel motor to apply a load on the beam model 147 between the two supports 120. The middle position of the beam model 147 is the concentrated mass in the mid-span. When the eccentric wheel motor is driven to rotate, the electric eccentric wheel is driven to rotate, thereby driving the base 110 to move and press the spring 182. The rotation speed of the electric eccentric wheel 183 is changed to simulate the relationship between the natural frequency and the external load frequency.

[0049] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support provided in the embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 7As shown, the spacing between the first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 is adjustable. Specifically, the first support 121 further includes a plurality of fifth fixing portions 130, and the second support 122 further includes a plurality of sixth fixing portions 131. The plurality of fifth fixing portions 130 are vertically spaced between the base 110 and the first fixing portion 125, and the plurality of sixth fixing portions 131 are vertically spaced between the base 110 and the third fixing portion 128, wherein the fifth fixing portion 130 is equivalent to the first fixing portion 131. A fixing portion 125 or a second fixing portion 126, and the sixth fixing portion 131 is equivalent to the third fixing portion 128 or the fourth fixing portion 129, so that the corresponding two fixing portions of the first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 can be selected and installed as needed, so as to adjust the distance between the two simply supported hinge support components 132, so as to facilitate the use of beam models 147 of different thicknesses for testing, and more intuitively display the test conditions of beam models 147 of various thicknesses, which is more convenient for students to understand.

[0050] Of course, the first support 121 and the second support 122 may also adopt a retractable structure. A retractable structure is provided between the first fixing portion 125 and the second fixing portion 126 and between the third fixing portion 128 and the fourth fixing portion 129, and the distance between the two fixing portions of the first support 121 and the two fixing portions of the second support 122 may also be adjusted. The retractable structure may be a pull-out type retractable structure, wherein the first support 121 may be composed of a first support structure and a second support structure combined by a sliding connection, a slide rail is provided on the first support structure, and a snap-fitting member cooperating with the slide rail is provided on the second support structure, and pulling and retracting are achieved by cooperating with the snap-fitting member and the slide rail. This is also possible; in addition, the first support structure and the second support structure are provided with an inner and outer pull-out structure to adjust the distance between the first fixing portion 125 and the second fixing portion 126 on the first support 121. Similarly, the second support 122 is pulled and combined between the third support plate structure and the fourth support plate structure, which will not be elaborated here. The specific structure of the pull-out structure can be designed according to actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0051] In addition, the lengths of the first simply supported hinge support component 134 and the second simply supported hinge support component 135 may also be set as an adjustable structure to facilitate adjustment of the lengths of the first simply supported hinge support component 134 or the second simply supported hinge support component 135 to match beam models 147 of different widths.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the extended state of the hinged member provided in an embodiment of the present application, Fig. 9is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hinged member in the contracted state provided in the embodiment of the present application, Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the section line B-B', combined with Figure 7-Figure 9 The first simply supported hinge support member 134 or the second simply supported hinge support member 135 includes a first fixing nut 136, a second fixing nut 137, a first fixing nut 136, a second fixing nut 137, a threaded screw 140, a plurality of bearings 141, an inner sleeve 142 and an outer sleeve 143, wherein the plurality of bearings 141 are sleeved on the threaded screw 140, the inner sleeve 142 is sleeved on the outer surface of the plurality of bearings 141, and the outer sleeve 143 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 142. Along the extension direction of the threaded screw 140, the inner sleeve 142 and the outer sleeve 143 are slidably connected to adjust the total length of the two. When pulled apart, the inner sleeve 142 and the outer sleeve 143 cooperate to move away from each other to extend the length of the first simply supported hinge structure or the second simply supported hinge structure. On the contrary, the inner sleeve 142 and the outer sleeve 143 cooperate to move toward each other to shorten the length of the first simply supported hinge structure or the second simply supported hinge structure.

[0053] Fig.11 1 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the installation state of the hinged support member and the first support and the second support provided in the embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.11As shown, the first fixing portion 125 includes a first fixing hole 144, the third fixing portion 128 includes a second fixing hole 145, one end of the threaded screw 140 passes through the first fixing hole 144 and the second fixing portion 126, the first fixing nut 136 and the second fixing nut 137 are arranged on both sides of the first fixing portion 125 to clamp the first fixing portion 125, the other end of the threaded screw 140 passes through the second fixing hole 145 and the third fixing portion 128, the third fixing nut 138 and the fourth fixing nut 139 are arranged on both sides of the third fixing portion 128 to clamp the third fixing portion 128, so as to fix the threaded screw 140 between the first support 121 and the second support 122, and make the first support 121 and the second support 122 be fixed. The length of the threaded screw 140 between the first and second supports 122 is adjustable, so that the total length of the first simply supported hinge support member 134 or the second simply supported hinge support member 135 can be adjusted before installation. If the width of the beam model 147 is small, the first simply supported hinge support member 134 or the second simply supported hinge support member 135 in the contracted state can be installed. At this time, the two ends of the threaded screw 140 will protrude from the first fixing hole 144 and the second fixing hole 145, and the parts will be relatively long; if the width of the beam model 147 is wide, the first simply supported hinge support member 134 or the second simply supported hinge support member 135 in the extended state can be installed. At this time, the two ends of the threaded screw 140 will protrude from the first fixing hole 144 and the second fixing hole 145, and the parts will be relatively short.

[0054] in addition, Fig.12 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool for the sliding fixed hinge support member provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.13 : is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base, the first bottom plate, and the first support plate provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 12-13 As shown, the spacing between the multiple supports 120 is adjustable, wherein the spacing between the supports 120 can be adjusted by detachably connecting the supports 120 to the base 110. Specifically, the first support 121 includes a first bottom plate 148 and a first support plate 149, the second support 122 includes a second bottom plate 150 and a second support plate 151, the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150 are arranged opposite to each other, the first support plate 149 is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate 150, and the second support plate 151 is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate 150, that is, the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150 can be detachably connected to the base 110 to adjust the spacing between each support 120.

[0055] Fig.14 yes Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the front view structure, Fig.15 yes Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle C area shows that a plurality of first bottom plate 148 fixing portions 111 with different spacings are provided on one side of the base 110 corresponding to the first bottom plate 148, and a plurality of second bottom plate 150 fixing portions 112 with different spacings are provided on one side of the base 110 corresponding to the second bottom plate 150. The first bottom plate 148 is detachably connected to the first bottom plate 148 fixing portions 111 with different spacings, and the second bottom plate 150 is detachably connected to the second bottom plate 150 fixing portions 112 with different spacings. In this way, the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150 can be installed corresponding to the bottom plate fixing portions with different spacings according to test requirements to satisfy the formation of span positions with different spacings of the beam model 147 between the two supports 120, and can be used for testing the most unfavorable arrangement of span positions with different spacings.

[0056] The position of the support 120 can be fixed or adjustable. When the support 120 is movably connected to the base 110, the spacing between the supports 120 can be adjusted to achieve the most unfavorable arrangement test of different spans. Figure 12-Figure 15 As shown, the first bottom plate 148 of the first support 120 is provided with four first matching parts 162 that match with the fixing part 111 of the first bottom plate 148, the second bottom plate 150 of the first support 120 is provided with four second matching parts 163 that match with the fixing part 112 of the second bottom plate 150, the first bottom plate 148 of the second support 120 is provided with four third matching parts that match with the fixing part 111 of the first bottom plate 148, and the second bottom plate 150 of the second support 120 is provided with four fourth matching parts that match with the fixing part 112 of the second bottom plate 150. The first bottom plate 148 of the first support 120 and the first bottom plate 148 of the second support 120 are installed on the multiple first bottom plate 148 fixing parts 111 continuously arranged on the base 110, and the second bottom plate 150 of the first support 120 and the second bottom plate 150 of the second support 120 are correspondingly installed on the multiple second bottom plate 150 fixing parts 112 connectedly arranged on the base 110 on the opposite side. The fixing portion 111 of the first bottom plate 148 and the fixing portion 112 of the second bottom plate 150 may be selectively installed at different positions to adjust the distance between the first support 120 and the second support 120 .

[0057] Among them, Fig.15As shown, the first bottom plate 148 of the first support 120 and the first bottom plate 148 of the second support 120 can be partially overlapped to form an overlapping installation area 190, and the second bottom plate 150 of the first support 120 and the second bottom plate 150 of the second support 120 are also partially overlapped, and then the first support plate 149, the second support plate 151 of the first support 120 and the first support plate 149, the second support plate 151 of the second support 120 are installed accordingly. After installation, the first bottom plate 148 of the first support 120 is close to the first support 120. The side of the second bottom plate 150 of the second support 120 is abutted against the side of the first support 120. At this time, each support The first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 are installed on the seat 120. Furthermore, a first fixed transverse plate 154 can be set between the two first support plates 149, and a second fixed transverse plate 155 can be set between the two second support plates 151. The first fixed transverse plate 154 and the second fixed transverse plate 155 are connected and fixed by the first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135. In this way, two adjacent seats 120 can be used to cooperate and fix to form a sliding fixed hinge support member 133, which can further limit the beam model 147 after installation to complete the test of the most unfavorable arrangement of different loads. For example, Fig.14 As shown, the teaching aid 100 can meet the requirements of "Architectural Structure" and "Architectural Mechanics" courses to demonstrate the infinite stiffness of the support 120 and the influence of the consolidation and hinge of the support 120 on the stiffness. Of course, the number of the first matching parts 162, the second matching parts 163 or the third matching parts and the fourth matching parts on the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150 can be adjusted and designed as needed, and is not limited here.

[0058] Moreover, in the sliding fixed hinge support component 133, the first support plate 149 and the first bottom plate 148 can be detachably connected to adjust the distance between two adjacent first support plates 149. Specifically, the first bottom plate 148 of the first support 120 includes a first support plate installation area 156 and a second support plate installation area 157 on the side away from the base 110, and the first bottom plate 148 of the second support 120 includes a third support plate installation area 158 and a fourth support plate installation area 159 on the side away from the base 110. The second support plate installation area 157 is arranged close to the third support plate installation area 158. The mounting area 156 is arranged away from the second support plate mounting area 157, and the fourth support plate mounting area 159 is arranged away from the third support plate mounting area 158. When the first support plate 149 of the first support 120 is mounted in the second support plate mounting area 157 and the first support plate 149 of the second support 120 is mounted in the third support plate mounting area 158, the distance between the two first support plates 149 is the smallest. When the first support plate 149 of the first support 120 is mounted in the first support plate mounting area 156 and the first support plate 149 of the second support 120 is mounted in the fourth support plate mounting area 159, the distance between the two first support plates 149 is the largest.

[0059] Of course, the first first support plate 149 can be installed in the first support plate installation area 156, the second first support plate 149 can be installed in the third support plate installation area 158, or the first support plate can be installed in the second support plate installation area 157, and the second first support plate 149 can be installed in the fourth support plate installation area 159. Similarly, the installation of the second support plate 151 of the first support 120 and the second support plate 151 of the second support 120 is also the same. Please refer to the above installation and coordination for details, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] Among them, the first support plate mounting area 156, the second support plate mounting area 157, the third support plate mounting area 158 and the fourth support plate mounting area 159 can all be mounting holes, and corresponding fixing holes are set on the first support plate 149 and the second support plate 151, and then they are fixed together by bolts 146 and other fixing parts; similarly, the installation cooperation of the first bottom plate 148, the second bottom plate 150 and the base 110 can also be to set mounting holes on the base 110, and corresponding fixing holes are set on the first bottom plate 148, the second bottom plate 150, and then they are fixed together by bolts 146.

[0061] Of course, the support 120 is slidably connected to the base 110. Through the sliding support 120, the distance between the two supports 120 can also be adjusted. The adjacent supports 120 can be slid and set tightly together, so as to form a sliding fixed hinge support component 133. Specifically, a hinge support component 123 can be set at the bottom of the support 120 to serve as a pulley. Of course, a groove can be set on the base 110, and a matching protrusion can be set on the support 120 to achieve a sliding connection. This is not limited here.

[0062] Correspondingly, the length of the hinged member 123 can also be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150, wherein the bolt 146 can be used to adjust the length fixed in the fixing hole and the matching hole to adjust the distance between the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150 on both sides of the base 110; in addition, the base 110 includes a first base 110 and a second base 110 that are arranged opposite to each other, and a telescopic structure is set between the first base 110 and the second base 110 to cooperate with the adjustment of the distance between the first bottom plate 148 and the second bottom plate 150. This is also possible and will not be elaborated here.

[0063] Fig.16 is a structural schematic diagram of another most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool provided in an embodiment of the present application, Fig.17 yes Fig.16 Application structure diagram; Fig.16 As shown, a first support plate fixing portion 160 is provided on a side of the first support plate 149 away from the first bottom plate 148, a second support plate fixing portion 161 is provided on a side of the second support plate 151 away from the second bottom plate 150, the first support 121 further includes a third support plate 152, the second support 122 further includes a fourth support plate 153, the third support plate 152 is connected to the first support plate 149 via the first support plate fixing portion 160, the fourth support plate 153 is connected to the second support plate 151 via the second support plate fixing portion 161, the first The first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 are not arranged between the support plate 149 and the second support plate 151, but the first simply supported hinge support member 134 is arranged between the third support plate 152 and the fourth support plate 153 to connect them to form a simply supported hinge support member 132. The first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 can also be arranged between the third support plate 152 and the fourth support plate 153 to connect them to form a fixed hinge support member 133, which is used for testing the most unfavorable arrangement in different situations.

[0064] like Fig.17As shown, the spacing between the first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 can be set to be relatively wide, and then the beam model 147 is vertically installed between the first simply supported hinge support member 134 and the second simply supported hinge support member 135 along the width direction, and a displacer 170 is installed in the middle of the two supports 120. It can be used for students to load their own designed multi-span continuous beam model 147, which can be used for the "teaching of bending bearing of beams with different cross-sections" in architecture, and the loaded supports 120 play a role in supporting and fixing the beam model 147 and preventing out-of-plane instability.

[0065] The above content is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific optional implementation methods, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool, characterized in that: It comprises a base, a plurality of supports and a beam model, wherein the plurality of supports are arranged at intervals and are respectively connected to the base, and the beam model is respectively connected between two or more of the supports arranged adjacently; By applying loads to one or more different mid-spans of the beam model and comparing the maximum deflection deformations in the mid-spans of each span, the internal forces in different spans can be reflected, thereby finding the most unfavorable load arrangement for a continuous beam with a certain span number.

2. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The support comprises a first support, a second support and a hinged support member, the first support and the second support are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support and the second support are respectively connected to the base; the hinged support member is arranged between the first support and the second support; Wherein, the hinged support component includes a simply supported hinged support component and a fixed hinged support component.

3. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first support comprises a first support body, a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, the second support comprises a second support body, a third fixing portion and a fourth fixing portion, the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are arranged on a side of the first support body away from the base, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the base; the third fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion are arranged on a side of the second support body away from the base, and the third fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the base; the first fixing portion is arranged correspondingly to the third fixing portion, and the second fixing portion is arranged correspondingly to the fourth fixing portion; The simply supported hinge support member comprises a first simply supported hinge support member and a second simply supported hinge support member, wherein the first simply supported hinge support member and the second simply supported hinge support member are detachably connected to the first fixing portion and the third fixing portion, and the second simply supported hinge support member is detachably connected to the second fixing portion and the fourth fixing portion; When only the first simply supported hinge support component or the second simply supported hinge support component is installed, the hinge support component is the simply supported hinge support component; when the first simply supported hinge support component and the second simply supported hinge support component are installed at the same time, the hinge support component is the fixed hinge support component.

4. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the first simply supported hinge support component and the second simply supported hinge support component is adjustable.

5. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The first support also includes a plurality of fifth fixing parts, and the second support also includes a plurality of sixth fixing parts, wherein the plurality of fifth fixing parts are vertically spaced apart between the base and the first fixing part, and the plurality of sixth fixing parts are vertically spaced apart between the base and the third fixing part.

6. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lengths of the first simply-supported hinge support component and the second simply-supported hinge support component are both adjustable.

7. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The first simply supported hinge support member or the second simply supported hinge support member each comprises a first fixing nut, a second fixing nut, a third fixing nut, a fourth fixing nut, a threaded screw, a plurality of bearings, an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the plurality of bearings are sleeved on the threaded screw, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the plurality of bearings, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve, and along the extending direction of the threaded screw, the inner sleeve is slidably connected to the outer sleeve to adjust the total length of the two; The first fixing portion includes a first fixing hole, and the third fixing portion includes a second fixing hole. One end of the threaded screw passes through the first fixing hole and the second fixing portion. The first fixing nut and the second fixing nut are arranged on both sides of the first fixing portion to clamp the first fixing portion. The other end of the threaded screw passes through the second fixing hole and the third fixing portion. The third fixing nut and the fourth fixing nut are arranged on both sides of the third fixing portion to clamp the third fixing portion, so as to fix the threaded screw between the first support and the second support, and make the length of the threaded screw between the first support and the second support adjustable.

8. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The distances between the plurality of supports are adjustable.

9. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The support is slidably connected to the base.

10. The most unfavorable arrangement test teaching tool as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The first support includes a first bottom plate and a first support plate, the second support includes a second bottom plate and a second support plate, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other, the first support plate is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate, and the second support plate is connected and fixed to the second bottom plate; A side of the base corresponding to the first bottom plate is provided with a plurality of first bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, a side of the base corresponding to the second bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, the first bottom plate is detachably connected to the first bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals, and the second bottom plate is detachably connected to the second bottom plate fixing parts with different intervals; The hinge member is disposed between the first support plate and the second support plate.

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