Data acquisition redundant circuit and device of single-bus digital temperature sensor

Abstract

The technical scheme of the invention provides a data acquisition redundant circuit of a single-bus digital temperature sensor in one aspect, and the data acquisition redundant circuit is characterized by comprising M identical temperature sensor data acquisition modules. According to the other technical scheme, the invention discloses a data acquisition device of the single-bus digital temperature sensor, which is characterized by comprising J data acquisition modules realized based on the data acquisition redundant circuit of the single-bus digital temperature sensor, two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors and a signal isolation circuit. According to the invention, through simple data transmission control of the serial-to-parallel shift register and the parallel-to-serial shift register, the microcontroller MCU pre-stores data / commands from the inside to the outside. Meanwhile, a data transmission control object is converted, a unified program execution process is simplified, the reliability of data acquisition and communication is improved, and meanwhile it is guaranteed that the data transmission time sequence of the sensor buses of multiple channels is always synchronous and consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the application fields of digital temperature sensors in industrial automation equipment temperature monitoring and environmental temperature monitoring, and in particular to the application field of online monitoring of temperature fields of air cooling systems of direct air cooling units in thermal power plants. Background Art

[0002] Direct air-cooling units are developing rapidly in the northern region, but during their operation, the air-cooling system's winter antifreeze is a particularly important issue for direct air-cooling units in winter. Ice in the air-cooling tube bundle blocks the air-cooling finned tubes, and in severe cases causes tube wall rupture and leakage, endangering the safe operation of the steam turbine units in thermal power plants.

[0003] By using the air cooling system temperature field online monitoring device to monitor the temperature field of the entire air cooling island, it can assist in judging the situation where the uneven flow on the air side causes local overcooling, and the situation where the uneven flow distribution on the steam side under low flow conditions causes local overcooling.

[0004] Since online monitoring of the temperature field of the air-cooled island generally requires the arrangement of thousands of temperature measurement points, if traditional thermal resistors or thermocouple temperature sensors are used for measurement, a large number of cables need to be laid, and the laying and installation are also difficult.

[0005] Therefore, a single-bus (one-line) digital temperature sensor is very suitable for solving this problem. Hundreds of digital temperature sensors can be installed on one cable, and the sensor only needs one data line to complete two-way data communication with the microcontroller MCU. In addition, each digital temperature sensor has a unique 64-bit ROM serial number, which enables the MCU to identify and address each sensor individually to obtain the temperature data it measures. Since hundreds of temperature sensors can be installed on one cable, the number of cables is greatly reduced, and laying and installation becomes simple, so single-bus digital temperature sensors are widely used in online monitoring of air-cooled island temperature fields.

[0006] Figure 1 This is a common 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit. Its working process includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1. Connect the 4 input / output I / O pins P1.0~P1.3 of the microcontroller MCU to the temperature sensor bus 1~temperature sensor bus 4 respectively. The I / O pins P1.0~P1.3 are connected to a pull-up resistor R1~R4 to V cc (+5V), its function is to increase the bus driving capability of I / O pins P1.0~P1.3.

[0008] Step 2: The temperature conversion process of the digital temperature sensor controlled by the microcontroller MCU is as follows:

[0009] Step 201, the microcontroller MCU resets the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 respectively through the I / O pins P1.0 to P1.3;

[0010] Step 202: After the reset is successful, the microcontroller MCU sends a search ROM instruction to the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4, determines the number of temperature sensors connected to each bus and the 64-bit ROM serial number of each temperature sensor, and saves the number of temperature sensors on each cable and the 64-bit ROM serial number of each temperature sensor to the E register of the microcontroller MCU. 2 In PROM memory;

[0011] Step 203, the microcontroller MCU resets the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 through the I / O pins P1.0 to P1.3, and then sends a start temperature conversion command to the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4;

[0012] Step 204, the microcontroller MCU waits for the temperature sensors of the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 to complete the temperature conversion;

[0013] Step 205: The microcontroller MCU resets the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 through the I / O pins P1.0 to P1.3. 2 The 64-bit ROM serial number of the first temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus 1 is obtained from the PROM memory, and a ROM matching command is sent to bus 1 through the P1.0 pin, and the 64-bit ROM serial number is written; then, the microcontroller MCU sends a read sensor register operation command to read the measurement data of the temperature sensor that matches the addressed 64-bit ROM serial number; similarly, the microcontroller MCU can obtain the measurement data of each temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus 2 to the temperature sensor bus 4 through the P1.1 to P1.3 pins;

[0014] Step 206 , repeating steps 203 to 205 , the microcontroller MCU can continuously collect the measurement data of the temperature sensors on the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 .

[0015] Step 3: The microcontroller MCU transmits the measurement data of all temperature sensors obtained from the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4 to the DCS system through the UART port, the RS-485 communication interface and the bus network.

[0016] Figure 1The circuit shown is simple to operate, but the disadvantages of this circuit are: poor anti-interference ability, poor sensor bus driving ability, and limited single bus length and the number of temperature sensors connected to the bus. In addition, the data communication rate between the microcontroller MCU and the DCS system is also limited. Because the DCS system is the data communication host, the device's microcontroller MCU is the data communication slave, and the data communication rate is determined by the DCS system. Generally, when the DCS system uses the Modbus RTU communication protocol, the data communication rate is not higher than 19200bps. Assuming that each temperature sensor bus is connected to 100 temperature sensors, there are 400 temperature sensors (400 temperature measurement points) on the 4 buses, and the data of each temperature measurement point occupies 2 byte units. Since the Modbus RTU communication protocol can communicate a maximum of 125 measurement points at a time (data message length 255 bytes), 400 measurement points need to communicate 4 times to complete data transmission (3 times for 125 measurement points, 1 time for 25 measurement points). Thus, at a communication rate of 19200bps and a 10-bit communication mode of "1 start bit, 8 data bits, no check bit, 1 stop bit", the theoretical minimum data communication time for 125 measuring points (8-byte data request frame transmission time plus 255-byte data response frame transmission time) is approximately (8+255)*10 / 19200≈136.98ms, and the theoretical minimum data communication time for 25 measuring points (8-byte data request frame transmission time plus 55-byte data response frame transmission time) is approximately (8+55)*10 / 19200≈32.813ms. Therefore, the theoretical minimum total communication time for 400 measuring points is approximately 3*136.98+32.813≈443.8ms. However, actual data communication needs to consider the communication timeout time. The DCS system communication scan interval is generally set to 200ms, so it takes 4*200=800ms to complete the data communication cycle for 400 measuring points. In addition, when the microcontroller MCU communicates bidirectional data with the digital temperature sensor through a data line, the timing control requirements are very strict, and the timing is generated by the microcontroller MCU soft delay control I / O foot "high level" or "low level" duration, which will take up a long time for MCU processing. If the microcontroller MCU responds and processes communication events quickly, it may cause problems in data collection and affect the reliability of data collection; if the microcontroller MCU does not respond and process communication events quickly, it may cause data communication packet loss, affecting the reliability of data communication (for the DCS system). Summary of the invention

[0017] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a data acquisition redundant circuit which has strong anti-interference capability in industrial field and strong bus driving capability, and one bus can be connected to one or two hundred digital temperature sensors. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device based on the aforementioned data acquisition redundant circuit.

[0018] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention provides a data acquisition redundant circuit of a single bus digital temperature sensor in one aspect, characterized in that it includes:

[0019] M identical temperature sensor data acquisition modules, M≥2, wherein each temperature sensor data acquisition module further includes N K-bit serial shift registers with storage registers, N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, N comparators, and a microcontroller MCU, N≥2, K≥2:

[0020] The microcontroller MCU sends N bytes of data to N K-bit serial shift registers correspondingly, and latches them into the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers; the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers output in parallel to the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, wherein each byte has K bits;

[0021] N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers are connected to N comparators via serial data output lines. The data output by the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers are processed by corresponding comparators for signal comparison and then sent to N temperature sensor buses via data bus interfaces.

[0022] The microcontroller MCU reads each bit of serial data from the N temperature sensor buses, and after signal comparison processing by the data bus interface and the comparator, it is read from the drive output signal line of the comparator.

[0023] Preferably, among the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules: M-1 temperature sensor data acquisition modules are redundant modules of the remaining one temperature sensor data acquisition module, and one temperature sensor data acquisition module constitutes an N-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit; or the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules work simultaneously, and the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules are integrated into an M×N-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit.

[0024] Preferably, the microcontroller MCU sends N bytes of data to N K-bit serial shift registers via a first signal bus, and the first signal bus includes a shift control signal line, a data line and a data latch signal line, then:

[0025] A data line in the first signal bus is connected to the first K-bit serial shift register among the N K-bit serial shift registers, the serial data output line of the first K-bit serial shift register is connected to the serial data input line of the second K-bit serial shift register, the serial data output line of the second K-bit serial shift register is connected to the serial data input line of the third K-bit serial shift register, and the two are connected in series in sequence until the Nth K-bit serial shift register;

[0026] The shift control signal line and the data latch signal line in the first signal bus are connected to the N K-bit serial shift registers;

[0027] The microcontroller MCU uses a shift control signal to serially shift N bytes of data to the corresponding N K-bit serial shift registers, and then uses a data latch signal to latch the data into the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers.

[0028] Preferably, the microcontroller MCU uses a second signal bus to control the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, and the second signal bus includes a shift control signal line and a parallel data loading signal line, then:

[0029] The shift control signal and the parallel data loading signal are connected in parallel to the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers; the microcontroller MCU first uses the parallel data loading signal to load the parallel data output by the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers into the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers accordingly; the microcontroller MCU then uses the shift control signal to compare the data from the serial data output line through the corresponding comparator, and then sends it to the N temperature sensor buses through the data bus interface.

[0030] Another technical solution of the present invention is to disclose a single bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device, characterized in that it includes J data acquisition modules implemented based on the data acquisition redundant circuit of the single bus digital temperature sensor, two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors and a signal isolation circuit, wherein:

[0031] Any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors uses a CS control signal to enable the temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus of the data acquisition module in operation to start measuring data via a signal isolation circuit; the two ARM processors synchronously receive the data fed back by the data acquisition module via a signal isolation circuit; the two ARM processors transmit the collected temperature data to the DCS system via two isolated redundant communication bus networks.

[0032] Preferably, in the J data acquisition modules:

[0033] J-1 of the data acquisition modules is a redundant module of the remaining data acquisition module. When any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors cannot obtain a response to a command request issued by the working data acquisition module, the other ARM processor uses a CS control signal to enable the temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus of any one of the redundant data acquisition modules through a signal isolation circuit to start measuring data;

[0034] Or the J data acquisition modules work simultaneously, then any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors polls and sends a communication request frame for reading data to the J data acquisition modules.

[0035] The present invention controls the simple data transmission of serial-to-parallel shift registers and parallel-to-serial shift registers, and the microcontroller MCU stores data / commands from the inside to the outside. At the same time, the present invention transforms the data transmission control object, simplifies the unified program execution process, increases data acquisition and communication reliability, and ensures that the data transmission timing of the sensor bus of multiple channels is always synchronized and consistent.

[0036] The circuit implemented by the present invention can be implemented as a 4-channel digital temperature sensor data acquisition redundant circuit and device as needed, and can also be flexibly and conveniently implemented as an 8-channel, 12-channel, 16-channel, etc. digital temperature sensor data acquisition device. Moreover, the monitoring device implemented by the present invention integrates a temperature data collector and a data communication controller, and data acquisition and communication are reliable and real-time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a common 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition redundant circuit;

[0039] Figure 3 It is an 8-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device;

[0041] Figure 5 It is an 8-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0043] A 4-channel single bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition redundant circuit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the circuit consists of two identical temperature sensor data acquisition modules, namely module 1 and module 2. Each module is mainly composed of four 8-bit serial shift registers with storage registers (defined as: serial to parallel 1# ~ serial to parallel 4#), four 8-bit parallel to serial shift registers (defined as: parallel to serial 1# ~ parallel to serial 4#), two groups of signal comparator drive circuits (defined as: comparator 1# ~ comparator 4#), and a microcontroller MCU.

[0044] like Figure 2 The working process of the circuit shown is (module 1 and module 2 work the same way):

[0045] Step 1. The microcontroller MCU sends 4 bytes of data (8 bits per byte) to 4 8-bit serial shift registers (serial-to-parallel 1# to serial-to-parallel 4#) through signal bus 1 (composed of 3 signal lines: shift control signal line, data line, and data latch signal line), and latches them into their storage registers. The storage registers output them in parallel to 4 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#).

[0046] The specific process is: an I / O data line of the microcontroller MCU is connected to the serial data input line of the serial-to-parallel 1# shift register, and its serial data output line is then connected to the serial data input line of the serial-to-parallel 2# shift register, and then connected in series. The shift control signal line and the data latch signal line are all connected in parallel to the four 8-bit serial shift registers. The microcontroller MCU uses the shift control signal to serially shift the 4 bytes of data to the corresponding four 8-bit serial shift registers, and then uses the data latch signal to latch the data into its storage register. Finally, the storage register outputs in parallel to the corresponding four 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#).

[0047] Step 2, the microcontroller MCU uses signal bus 2 (composed of two signal lines, namely a shift control signal line and a parallel data loading signal line) to control four 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#), and sends each bit of data to the temperature sensor bus after passing through the comparator.

[0048] The specific process is: the shift control signal and the parallel data loading signal are connected in parallel to four 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers (parallel-to-serial 1#~parallel-to-serial 4#). The microcontroller MCU first uses the parallel data loading signal to load the parallel data output by the storage registers of the four 8-bit serial shift registers (serial-to-parallel 1#~serial-to-parallel 4#) into the four 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers (parallel-to-serial 1#~parallel-to-serial 4#), and then uses the shift control signal to transfer the data from the serial data output line T x1 ~T x4 After the corresponding comparator 1#~comparator 4# performs signal comparison processing (the comparison signal is V r ), and sent to temperature sensor bus 1 to temperature sensor bus 4 via DQ1 to DQ4 data bus interfaces. In this way, the shift control signal controls the shift time according to the one-line data communication timing requirements, sends 4 bytes of data / command to the corresponding temperature sensor bus, and enables the temperature sensor on the bus to execute the corresponding command.

[0049] In the present invention, the microcontroller MCU shifts 4 bytes of data in high speed serial mode to the corresponding 8-bit serial shift register (serial to parallel 1# to serial to parallel 4#), latches the data into its storage register, and then outputs the data in parallel from the storage register to the 8-bit parallel to serial shift register (parallel to serial 1# to parallel to serial 4#) and loads the data therein. The purpose is:

[0050] (1) The microcontroller MCU uses five I / O pins to pre-store the 4 bytes of data / command to be sent internally into the corresponding 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift register (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#) externally;

[0051] (2) The program execution process is simplified and unified by transforming the data transmission control object. The data transmission control of the four temperature sensor buses is transformed into the control of a shift control signal line of an 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift register (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#). In this way, the microcontroller MCU only needs to centrally transmit the data to be sent, and then control a shift control signal line of the 8-bit parallel-to-serial shift register (parallel-to-serial 1# to parallel-to-serial 4#) according to the timing requirements of the data sent by the single-bus digital temperature sensor. Therefore, when the microcontroller MCU executes the shift control signal, it can conveniently shield / enable the UART port data reception interrupt during the soft delay waiting interval, which ensures the reliability of sending data to the sensor bus and the reliability of receiving data at the UART port. In addition, it ensures that the timing of the microcontroller MCU sending data / commands to the temperature sensors on the four buses is always synchronized.

[0052] Step 3: The microcontroller MCU reads each bit of serial data from the temperature sensor bus 1 to the temperature sensor bus 4, and after the DQ1 to DQ4 data bus interface and the comparator 1# to the comparator 4# perform signal comparison processing (the comparison signal is V r ), driving the output signal line R from the comparator x1 ~R x4 Read on.

[0053] Since the serial data input / output passes through the comparator drive circuit and compares the reference voltage V r Adjustable, thus shielding signals with amplitudes less than V r on-site interference signals and enhance the circuit's anti-interference ability.

[0054] Figure 2 In the circuit, module 2 is a redundant circuit for module 1. When module 1 fails, module 2 can replace module 1. If the application does not require circuit redundancy, module 2 can also become a 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit. In this way, module 1 and module 2 are combined into an 8-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit. Figure 3 shown.

[0055] Figure 4 It is a 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device mainly composed of 2 data acquisition modules (each data acquisition module is implemented based on the above-mentioned 4-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition redundant circuit), 2 high-performance 32-bit ARM processors and a signal isolation circuit.

[0056] Its working principle is:

[0057] Step 1, when the ARM1 processor is used as the main processor and the data acquisition module 1 and the data acquisition module 2 are used as data redundancy acquisition circuits, the ARM1 processor enables the temperature sensor on the acquisition bus 1 to the bus 4 of the data acquisition module 1 to measure data through the CS1 control signal and the signal isolation circuit 1. After the microcontroller MCU of the data acquisition module 1 receives the communication request frame for reading measurement data sent by ARM1 through the UART2 port from the UART port, the microcontroller MCU of the data acquisition module 1 transmits the collected data to the UART2 ports of ARM1 and ARM2 through the UART port through the signal isolation circuit 1 and the isolation circuit 2 at the same time when idle, and the ARM1 and ARM2 processors receive the data synchronously. Since the data communication exchange between the ARM1 processor and the data acquisition module 1 is inside the device, a custom communication protocol is generally used, the communication rate can be as high as 115200bps, and the communication waiting time can be internally agreed upon to ensure reliable data exchange (for example, at 115200bps, "1 start bit, 8 data bits, no check bit, 1 stop bit" 10-bit communication mode, the communication time for 400 measurement points is only about 70ms, which greatly reduces the time for MCU to perform data communication tasks. The data communication task with the DCS system is completed by the two processors ARM1 and ARM2. The ARM1 and ARM2 processors transmit the collected temperature data to the DCS system through the isolated RS-485 redundant communication bus network 1 and network 2. Thus, the system realizes data dual-network redundant communication.

[0058] Step 2: If the ARM1 processor fails to get a response from the data acquisition module 1 within the agreed time for multiple times, the ARM1 processor notifies the ARM2 processor through the CS3 control signal to enable the data acquisition module 2 to collect the temperature sensor measurement data on bus 1 to bus 4 through the CS2 control signal. At the same time, the ARM2 processor sends a communication request frame for reading the measurement data to the data acquisition module 2. The data communication exchange process is the same as that of the ARM1 processor sending the data communication request frame. Thus, data redundancy collection is achieved.

[0059] Two ARM processors are used for redundant data communication, and two MCUs are used for redundant data collection. By utilizing the respective advantages of the two processors, the device realizes the functions of a data collector and a data communication controller in one.

[0060] Figure 5This is an 8-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device when data acquisition module 1 and data acquisition module 2 are running at the same time. The ARM1 processor polls and sends a communication request frame for reading temperature data to data acquisition module 1 and data acquisition module 2. Data acquisition module 1 and data acquisition module 2 respond according to whether the module address in the request frame matches the address of the module itself, and return a data response frame. ARM1 and ARM2 simultaneously obtain the temperature data of the response frame of data acquisition module 1 or data acquisition module 2. DCS obtains the temperature measurement data of the digital temperature sensor from ARM1 and ARM2 through redundant RS485 bus network 1 and network 2.

[0061] Another innovation of the present invention is that, through the reserved RS485 communication interface, two ARM processors are used to realize a communication controller with dual network redundancy for both the lower and upper computers (for the two ARM processors, the data acquisition module 1 and the data acquisition module 2 are equivalent to two lower computer devices).

Claims

1. A data acquisition redundant circuit for a single bus digital temperature sensor, characterized in that: include: M identical temperature sensor data acquisition modules, M≥2, wherein each temperature sensor data acquisition module further includes N K-bit serial shift registers with storage registers, N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, N comparators, and a microcontroller MCU, N≥2, K≥2: The microcontroller MCU sends N bytes of data to N K-bit serial shift registers correspondingly, and latches them into the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers; the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers output in parallel to the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, wherein each byte has K bits; N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers are connected to N comparators via serial data output lines. The data output by the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers are processed by corresponding comparators for signal comparison and then sent to N temperature sensor buses via data bus interfaces. The microcontroller MCU reads each bit of serial data from the N temperature sensor buses, and after signal comparison processing by the data bus interface and the comparator, it is read from the drive output signal line of the comparator.

2. A data acquisition redundant circuit for a single bus digital temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Among the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules: M-1 temperature sensor data acquisition modules are redundant modules of the remaining one temperature sensor data acquisition module, and one temperature sensor data acquisition module constitutes an N-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit; or the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules work simultaneously, and the M temperature sensor data acquisition modules are integrated into an M×N-channel single-bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition circuit.

3. The data acquisition redundant circuit of a single bus digital temperature sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller MCU sends N bytes of data to N K-bit serial shift registers via a first signal bus. The first signal bus includes a shift control signal line, a data line, and a data latch signal line. Then: A data line in the first signal bus is connected to the first K-bit serial shift register among the N K-bit serial shift registers, the serial data output line of the first K-bit serial shift register is connected to the serial data input line of the second K-bit serial shift register, the serial data output line of the second K-bit serial shift register is connected to the serial data input line of the third K-bit serial shift register, and the two are connected in series in sequence until the Nth K-bit serial shift register; The shift control signal line and the data latch signal line in the first signal bus are connected to the N K-bit serial shift registers; The microcontroller MCU uses a shift control signal to serially shift N bytes of data to the corresponding N K-bit serial shift registers, and then uses a data latch signal to latch the data into the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers.

4. The data acquisition redundant circuit of a single bus digital temperature sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller MCU uses a second signal bus to control the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers, and the second signal bus includes a shift control signal line and a parallel data loading signal line, then: The shift control signal and the parallel data loading signal are connected in parallel to the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers; the microcontroller MCU first uses the parallel data loading signal to load the parallel data output by the storage registers of the N K-bit serial shift registers into the N K-bit parallel-to-serial shift registers accordingly; the microcontroller MCU then uses the shift control signal to compare the data from the serial data output line through the corresponding comparator, and then sends it to the N temperature sensor buses through the data bus interface.

5. A single bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a data acquisition module implemented by a data acquisition redundant circuit based on the single bus digital temperature sensor of claim 1, two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors and a signal isolation circuit, wherein: Any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors uses a CS control signal to enable the temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus of the data acquisition module in operation to start measuring data via a signal isolation circuit; the two ARM processors synchronously receive the data fed back by the data acquisition module via a signal isolation circuit; the two ARM processors transmit the collected temperature data to the DCS system via two isolated redundant communication bus networks.

6. A single bus digital temperature sensor data acquisition device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In the J data acquisition modules: J-1 of the data acquisition modules is a redundant module of the remaining data acquisition module. When any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors cannot obtain a response to a command request issued by the working data acquisition module, the other ARM processor uses a CS control signal to enable the temperature sensor on the temperature sensor bus of any one of the redundant data acquisition modules through a signal isolation circuit to start measuring data; Or the J data acquisition modules work simultaneously, then any one of the two high-performance 32-bit ARM processors polls and sends a communication request frame for reading data to the J data acquisition modules.

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