Miniaturized satellite navigation antenna modules and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses a miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module and electronic equipment, the antenna module includes: a first dielectric substrate and an antenna unit, the antenna unit is laid on a side surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna unit includes a rectangular body, the rectangular body has four semicircular areas, the diameter of each semicircular area coincides with a side corresponding to the rectangular body, and each semicircular area is evenly spaced along its own diameter direction with n vertical grooves to form n-1 strips in the semicircular area, each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the side. The above-mentioned antenna module is adopted, and the current flows along the edge of the antenna unit by means of a structure with grooves on four sides, which increases the equivalent electrical length of the radiation patch to stimulate the slow wave effect of the satellite navigation antenna, while not changing the antenna radiation characteristics and edge electromagnetic field characteristics. In this way, the physical size of the antenna will be reduced while ensuring that the center frequency remains unchanged, thereby realizing the miniaturized design of the antenna module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of satellite navigation antennas, and specifically relates to a miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can provide global users with all-weather, high-quality, high-precision PNT (positioning, navigation, timing) services, playing a pivotal role in the military and civilian fields. However, due to the high altitude of the GNSS orbit and the limited satellite transmission power, the satellite navigation signal is submerged in the noise and is easily susceptible to intentional or unintentional electromagnetic interference, which seriously affects the availability and robustness of satellite navigation services. Therefore, the field of satellite navigation confrontation has become a new research hotspot.

[0003] With the development of power amplifier and antenna technology, electromagnetic interference sources have become smaller and lighter, and their cost has gradually decreased to between a dozen dollars and several hundred dollars, which is far lower than the price of high-performance satellite navigation receivers. The cost of deploying a large number of satellite navigation electromagnetic interference sources to form multi-directional distributed interference is gradually decreasing. Therefore, the current complex electromagnetic environment has gradually developed from the energy domain saturation of single-directional high-power interference to the space domain saturation of multi-directional distributed interference.

[0004] In the face of this multi-directional distributed interference, the most commonly used anti-interference method is to use antenna arrays for adaptive array spatial anti-interference. The spatial anti-interference array degree of freedom is the number of antenna elements minus 1. However, when the number of distributed interference is greater than the array degree of freedom, the satellite navigation spatial anti-interference algorithm is almost ineffective, and the antenna array cannot guarantee the normal operation of the satellite navigation receiver. This type of interference is collectively referred to as super-freedom interference. At present, there is a serious lack of public research on super-freedom interference, and there are almost no mature anti-interference measures. No matter what super-freedom interference suppression technology is used, it is still difficult to break through the limitation of array freedom. It can be seen that directly increasing the number of antennas in the antenna array to improve the large-scale distributed interference suppression capability is one of the most effective methods.

[0005] Microstrip antennas have become the most widely used satellite navigation anti-interference antennas due to their thin profile, small size, and easy commonality. However, since satellite navigation signals are mainly located in the L band of about 1-1.6 GHz, the wavelength is relatively long. Due to the influence of grating lobe effect and mutual coupling effect, the array element size is usually about one-quarter wavelength, and the array element spacing is usually half wavelength, that is, about 10-15 cm. Due to the limitations of the carrier platform, existing satellite navigation antenna arrays are usually designed in square and circular shapes, and the number of array elements is usually 4-7. Without changing the size and spacing of the array elements, directly increasing the number of antennas in the antenna array requires a significant increase in the size of the antenna array, which greatly limits the application scenarios and brings huge challenges to the carrier platform. Therefore, in order to improve the distributed interference suppression capability under the same antenna array area, the half-wavelength limitation of the antenna spacing should be broken to achieve a compact design of multiple antennas under the same antenna array area. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides a miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module and electronic equipment.

[0007] The technical solution proposed in this application is:

[0008] A miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module, comprising:

[0009] a first dielectric substrate;

[0010] An antenna unit is laid on one side surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna unit comprises a rectangular body, the rectangular body has four semicircular areas, the diameter of each semicircular area coincides with a side corresponding to the rectangular body, and each semicircular area is evenly spaced along its diameter direction and provided with n vertical grooves to form n-1 strips in the semicircular area, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the side where it is located;

[0011] Among them, n is a positive integer; in the diameter direction of the semicircular area, one side of the two vertical grooves located at the edge coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area, and the bottom side of the vertical groove located between two adjacent strips coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area.

[0012] Furthermore, taking the diagonal line of the rectangular body as a reference, any two adjacent semicircular areas are arranged symmetrically with the other two semicircular areas.

[0013] Furthermore, the antenna module also includes a floor, a second dielectric substrate and a balun structure, wherein the floor is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate away from the antenna unit, the second dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the floor away from the first dielectric substrate, and the balun structure is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate away from the floor;

[0014] The balun structure has a first port and two second ports, the first port is connected to the two second ports, and the two second ports are both connected to the rectangular body.

[0015] Furthermore, the antenna module also includes two first connecting columns, one end of the two first connecting columns is connected to the rectangular body, and the other end passes through the first dielectric substrate, the floor and the second dielectric substrate in sequence, and is respectively connected to the two second ports.

[0016] Furthermore, the phase difference between the signals outputted from the two second ports is 90°.

[0017] Furthermore, n is an even number; two feeding points are provided on the rectangular body, the two feeding points are located in two adjacent semicircular areas, and are located on the strip corresponding to the center of the semicircular area, the two feeding points are at the same distance from the center of the rectangular body, and the two feeding points are respectively connected to the two second ports.

[0018] Further, n is an even number;

[0019] The antenna unit further includes four groups of metal capacitor structures, and the four groups of metal capacitor structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four semicircular areas.

[0020] Furthermore, the balun structure further includes two connection ends, both of which are connected to the first port and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two second ports;

[0021] The antenna module further includes two connection circuits, the two connection circuits are respectively connected to the two connection ends, and the two connection circuits have two third ports, and the two third ports are connected to the floor;

[0022] Each of the metal capacitor structures comprises a voltage-controlled varactor and a metal piece connected to the voltage-controlled varactor, the voltage-controlled varactor is connected to the end of the strip, and the metal pieces in the four groups of capacitor structures are all connected to the floor.

[0023] Furthermore, the connection circuit is an LC resonant circuit.

[0024] An electronic device comprises the miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module as described above.

[0025] By slotting the four sides, the current flows along the edge of the antenna unit, which increases the equivalent electrical length of the radiation patch to a certain extent, so as to stimulate the slow wave effect of the satellite navigation antenna. At the same time, in order not to change the antenna radiation characteristics and edge electromagnetic field characteristics, a semicircular curve structure is introduced to transition the strips to form the above-mentioned semicircular area. In this way, the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric will change, which increases the equivalent electrical length of the antenna to a certain extent. At this time, under the premise of ensuring that the center frequency remains unchanged, the physical size of the antenna will be reduced, thereby realizing the miniaturization design of the antenna module and laying the foundation for the reduction of array element spacing and mutual coupling suppression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present application together with the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 Antenna S with different diameters in the semicircular area 11 Parameter diagram;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the axis ratio characteristics of different diameters in the semicircular area;

[0030] Figure 4 S is the number of antennas with different strips in the semicircular area 11 Parameter diagram;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio characteristics of different numbers of strips in the semicircular area;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the antenna module from another angle;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the antenna module shown;

[0034] Figure 8 Antenna S with different capacitance in the voltage-controlled varactor 11 Parameter diagram;

[0035] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio characteristics of voltage-controlled varactor with different capacitance sizes.

[0036] Description of labels:

[0037] 100, antenna unit; 110, rectangular body; 111, semicircular area; 112, vertical groove; 113, strip; 114, feeding point; 120, metal capacitor structure; 121, voltage-controlled varactor; 122, metal part; 200, first dielectric substrate; 300, floor; 400, second dielectric substrate; 500, balun structure; 510, first port; 520, second port; 530, connection end; 610, first connecting column; 620, connecting circuit; 621, third port; 630, second connecting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0040] In order to facilitate understanding of the solution of the present application, the prior art of satellite navigation antenna modules is explained here:

[0041] The antenna module in this application is a microstrip patch antenna. According to the surface circuit distribution, the microstrip patch antenna can be considered as a standing wave antenna. According to the standing wave antenna theory, the standing wave is composed of two traveling waves with opposite propagation directions. The theory can be simplified and analyzed using the transmission line model. Therefore, the typical working mode of the microstrip patch antenna is TM. 01 Mode, TM 01 The antenna resonant frequency in the mode can be expressed as:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] in, is the equivalent length of the microstrip resonator, , are the free space permeability and permittivity, is the effective dielectric constant of the antenna, is the physical length of the microstrip antenna, is the equivalent width of the fringe capacitor, is the thickness of the dielectric substrate, is the physical width of the microstrip antenna, is the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate.

[0048] Using the above antenna module, the antenna resonant frequency can be expressed as:

[0049]

[0050] in, and are the equivalent relative magnetic permeability and relative dielectric constant of the above antenna module respectively. Due to the slow wave effect, .because and It shows an inverse proportional relationship. When the antenna resonant frequency remains unchanged, the size of the antenna module can be reduced accordingly.

[0051] In addition, the advantages of miniaturized satellite navigation antenna design should be explained as follows: miniaturized satellite navigation antenna can not only reduce the antenna area to provide physical space for reducing the antenna spacing, but also reduce the antenna side-to-side distance. The antenna side-to-side distance can be regarded as one of the most significant factors affecting antenna coupling. Too close side-to-side distance will significantly increase the electric field value of near-field coupling. Compared with decoupling ideas such as defective ground and electromagnetic bandgap structure, the miniaturized design of satellite navigation antenna can not only avoid the impact on the antenna radiation performance, but also significantly reduce the mutual coupling effect, which will become an important method and approach for the compact design of satellite navigation antenna arrays.

[0052] On the one hand, if Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module, including a first dielectric substrate 200 and an antenna unit 100, wherein the antenna unit 100 is laid on a side surface of the first dielectric substrate 200. The antenna unit 100 includes a rectangular body 110, wherein the rectangular body 110 has four semicircular areas 111, wherein the diameter of each semicircular area 111 coincides with a corresponding side of the rectangular body 110, and each semicircular area 111 is evenly spaced along its diameter direction and provided with n vertical grooves 112 to form n-1 strips 113 in the semicircular area 111, wherein each strip 113 extends in a direction perpendicular to the side to which it is located, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the diameter of the semicircular area 111 to which it belongs.

[0053] Wherein, n is a positive integer; in the diameter direction of the semicircular area 111, one side of the two vertical grooves 112 located at the edge coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area 111, and the other side constitutes the strip 113, the bottom side of the vertical groove 112 located between two adjacent strips 113 coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area 111, and the two side sides of the vertical groove 112 located between two adjacent strips 113 are used to constitute the strip 113.

[0054] With the above antenna module, each semicircular area 111 is formed with a plurality of strips 113. In addition, by means of a structure in which grooves are opened on four sides, the current flows along the edge, which increases the equivalent electrical length of the radiation patch to a certain extent, so as to stimulate the slow wave effect of the satellite navigation antenna. At the same time, in order not to change the antenna radiation characteristics and edge electromagnetic field characteristics, a semicircular curve structure is introduced to transition the strips 113 to form the above semicircular area 111. In this way, the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric will change, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna will be increased to a certain extent. At this time, under the premise of ensuring that the center frequency remains unchanged, the physical size of the antenna will be reduced, thereby realizing the miniaturization design of the antenna module, laying the foundation for the reduction of the array element spacing and mutual coupling suppression.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the rectangular body 110 has four sides of equal length, that is, a square; at the same time, based on the diagonal of the rectangular body 110, any two adjacent semicircular areas 111 are symmetrically arranged with the other two semicircular areas 111. In this way, the current can flow evenly along the edge of the antenna unit, which can further stimulate the slow wave effect.

[0056] Please participate Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 Antennas S with different diameters in the semicircular area 111 11 Parameter diagram, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio characteristics of the semicircular area 111 with different diameters. Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be determined that, when other parameters are fixed, the larger the diameter of the semicircular area 111 is, the greater the antenna S 11 The parameters and axial ratio characteristics gradually shift to low frequencies, and it can be concluded that the increase in the diameter of the semicircular area 111 will make the antenna module develop towards miniaturization. In addition, it should be noted that the diameter d1 of the semicircular area 111 is ≤ s1, where s1 is the side length of the rectangular body 110.

[0057] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 is the number of antennas S in different strips 113 in the semicircular area 111 11 Parameter diagram, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio characteristics of different numbers of strips 113 in the semicircular area 111. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be determined that, when other parameters are fixed, the more strips 113 there are in the semicircular area 111, the greater the antenna S 11 The parameters and axial ratio characteristics gradually shift toward low frequencies, and it can be concluded that the increase in the number of strips 113 in the semicircular area 111 will make the antenna module develop towards miniaturization.

[0058] In one embodiment, two feeding points 114 are provided on the rectangular body 110, and the two feeding points 114 are located in two adjacent semicircular areas 111. At the same time, in order to ensure the physical existence of the feeding point 114 (the feeding point 114 needs to be set on the axis of symmetry), n is an even number, and the number of corresponding strips 113 is an odd number, and the feeding point 114 is located on the strip 113 corresponding to the center of the semicircular area 111. In other words, in the diameter direction of the semicircular area 111, the feeding point 114 is located on a middle strip 113. Furthermore, the distance between the two feeding points 114 and the center of the rectangular body 110 is the same. In this way, the lines connecting the two feeding points 114 and the center of the rectangular body 110 are perpendicular to each other. At this time, two excitation signals with a phase difference of 90° are fed into the two feeding points 114 respectively, which can excite good circular polarization characteristics.

[0059] It should be explained that since the satellite navigation signal is a right-hand circularly polarized signal, in order to meet the polarization matching requirements, Figure 1 As an example, the orthogonal feeding method is used to simultaneously excite two orthogonal modes. and ,exist Figure 1 If the feeding point on the left side is fed with a 90° phase and the feeding point on the right side is fed with a 0° phase, good right-hand circular polarization characteristics can be excited.

[0060] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes a floor 300, a second dielectric substrate 400 and a balun structure 500. The floor 300 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric substrate 200 away from the antenna unit 100, the second dielectric substrate 400 is disposed on a side of the floor 300 away from the first dielectric substrate 200, and the balun structure 500 is disposed on a side of the second dielectric substrate 400 away from the bottom plate. It should be explained that the first dielectric substrate 200 is a Rogers 4003C dielectric substrate, and the second dielectric substrate 400 is used to isolate the feed network and the floor 300.

[0061] The balun structure 500 includes a first port 510 and two second ports 520. The first port 510 is connected to the two second ports 520 through a metal structure. The two second ports 520 are both connected to the rectangular body 110. In practical applications, the phase difference of the signals output by the two second ports 520 is 90°.

[0062] It should be noted that in the miniaturized design of the circularly polarized microstrip antenna, the distance between the two feeding points 114 is small and cannot be directly connected to the SMA RF port respectively. Therefore, in this embodiment, circular polarization excitation is achieved through the balun structure 500, that is, when the antenna module is a receiving antenna, the received signal is divided into two signals with phase difference through the rectangular body 110 and respectively input into the two second ports 520, and then a signal is formed under the action of the balun structure and output from the first port 510; when the antenna module is a transmitting antenna, an excitation signal is input from the first port 510, and then divided into two signals through the balun structure 500, and the phase difference of the two signals is adjusted to 90° through the balun structure 500, and then the two signals are transmitted to the rectangular body 110 through the two second ports 520.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the antenna module further includes two first connecting posts 610, one end of the two first connecting posts 610 is connected to the rectangular body 110 and respectively connected to the two feeding points 114, and the other end passes through the first dielectric substrate 200, the floor 300 and the second dielectric substrate 400 in sequence, and is respectively connected to the two second ports 520. Specifically, the first connecting posts 610 are metal coaxial.

[0064] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, the antenna unit 100 further includes four groups of metal capacitor structures 120, which are arranged one by one with the four semicircular areas 111, and are used to adjust the surface resistance of the antenna unit 100, thereby further stimulating the slow wave effect, so as to further reduce the size of the antenna. In addition, when the structure of the antenna unit 100 is fixed, the antenna characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the voltage through the metal capacitor structure 120, thereby avoiding changes in the antenna characteristics caused by processing errors.

[0065] In one embodiment, each metal capacitor structure 120 includes three voltage-controlled varactors 121 and three metal parts 122 respectively connected to the three voltage-controlled varactors 121. In the diameter direction of the semicircular area 111, the ends of the two strips 113 located at the edge are respectively connected to two of the voltage-controlled varactors 121, and the end of the strip 113 located in the middle is connected to another voltage-controlled varactor 121. In this way, the surface resistance can be adjusted by supplying DC power to the metal parts 122 and then through the voltage-controlled varactor 121.

[0066] In other embodiments, each metal capacitor structure 120 may also include two voltage-controlled varactors 121 and metal parts 122 respectively connected to the two voltage-controlled varactors 121; of course, the number of voltage-controlled varactors 121 and metal parts 122 in each metal capacitor structure 120 may also be other, which is not limited here.

[0067] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , Figure 8 The antenna S of the voltage-controlled varactor 121 has different capacitances. 11 Parameter diagram, Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio characteristics of the voltage-controlled varactor 121 with different capacitance values. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 It can be determined that, when other parameters are fixed, the larger the capacitance of the voltage-controlled varactor 121, the greater the antenna S 11 The parameters and axial ratio characteristics gradually shift toward low frequencies, and it can be concluded that the increase in the capacitance of the voltage-controlled varactor 121 will make the antenna module develop towards miniaturization.

[0068] Please also see Figure 1 and Figure 7 In one embodiment, the balun structure 500 further includes two connection ends 530, both of which are connected to the first port 510 and are respectively disposed corresponding to the two second ports 520. Figure 7 As shown, the two connection ends 530 are respectively located at one end of the two branches away from the first port 510. Figure 7 It can be seen that the phase difference of the signals on the two branches depends on and The length difference can be adjusted Figure 7 Medium Adjustment and To control the phase difference between the two signals.

[0069] Furthermore, the antenna module further includes two connection circuits 620, the two connection circuits 620 are respectively connected to the two connection ends 530, and the two connection circuits 620 have two third ports 621, and the two third ports 621 are connected to the bottom plate; and each metal piece 122 in the four groups of metal capacitor structures 120 is connected to the floor 300, so as to realize DC power supply to the metal piece 122. It should be noted that in order to ensure DC power supply to the metal piece 122 and isolate AC current, the connection circuit 620 preferably adopts an LC resonant circuit.

[0070] Similarly, the antenna module also includes a second connection post 630 and a third connection post. The number of the second connection post 630 is the same as the number of the metal member 122, and one end is connected to the metal member 122, and the other end passes through the first dielectric substrate 200 and is connected to the floor 300; the number of the third connection post is the same as the number of the connection circuit 620, and they are arranged one by one. Each connection circuit 620 is provided with a third port 621, one end of the third connection post is connected to the third port 621, and the other end passes through the second dielectric substrate 400 and is connected to the floor 300, so as to realize DC power supply to each metal member 122.

[0071] Combined with the antenna module structure in the above embodiment, for the Beidou B3I signal (center frequency is 1268MHz, bandwidth is 20MHz), a center frequency of 1268MHz and a bandwidth greater than 20M are designed, that is, when the frequency is 1258MHz~1278MHz, S 11 The parameter is less than -10db, and also meets the requirement that the axial ratio is less than 3db when the frequency is 1268MHz.

[0072] In order to facilitate the design according to the above structure, the design steps are introduced here:

[0073] First determine the initial size of the miniaturized antenna, determine the antenna shape and initial parameters, and calculate the S at this time 11 Then adjust the capacitance of the voltage-controlled capacitor, and determine the feeding position and the thickness of the first dielectric substrate 200 and the second dielectric substrate 400, so that S 11 The parameters meet the antenna specifications. Next, determine whether the axial ratio meets the requirements. If not, adjust the parameters of the balun structure 500 and pay attention to the S 11 Parameters; If S appears during the adjustment of the balun structure 500 11 If the parameters do not meet the antenna specifications, return to the previous steps and readjust the capacitance of the voltage-controlled capacitor, determine the feed position, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate. 11 If the parameters meet the antenna specifications, the design is complete. The following are the specific parameters of the antenna module designed for Beidou B3I signal based on the above steps:

[0074] See also Figure 1 , for the antenna unit 100: the rectangular body 110 is a square, and the side length of the rectangular body 110 is , strip 113 width , vertical slot 112 width , length of metal part 122 , metal part 122 width , the distance between the center of the feeding point 114 and the center of the rectangular body 110 , the diameter of the semicircular area 111 , the diameter of the feed point 114 , the diameter of the contact point on the metal member 122 connected to the second connecting column 630 , the capacitance of the voltage-controlled varactor 121 , number of vertical slots 112 , the number of strips 113 .

[0075] See also Figure 1 and 6 , for the first dielectric substrate 200: width , the length is , the width is smaller than the length, to reserve space for the SMA interface; the thickness , and the first dielectric substrate 200 is composed of 9 layers with a thickness of Rogers 4003C spliced ​​together to meet bandwidth requirements.

[0076] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , for the floor 300 and the second dielectric substrate 400: the width of both and length The same, and ;Thickness of the second dielectric substrate .

[0077] See also Figure 7 , for the balun structure 500 and the connecting circuit 620: , , , , , , , , , , , , , .

[0078] On the other hand, the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes the miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module in the above embodiment. Optionally, the electronic device is a detection device, a radar, or a terminal including a detection device or a radar, and the terminal can be an intelligent transportation device (vehicle or drone), a smart home device, an intelligent manufacturing device, a mapping device or a robot, etc.; it can also be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality terminal, an augmented reality terminal, a terminal in industrial control, a terminal in unmanned driving, a terminal in telemedicine, a terminal in a smart grid, a terminal in transportation safety, a terminal in a smart city, a terminal in a smart home, etc., without limitation.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module, characterized in that: include: a first dielectric substrate; An antenna unit is laid on one side surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna unit comprises a rectangular body, the rectangular body has four semicircular areas, the diameter of each semicircular area coincides with a side corresponding to the rectangular body, and each semicircular area is evenly spaced along its diameter direction and provided with n vertical grooves to form n-1 strips in the semicircular area, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the side where it is located; Wherein, n is a positive even number; in the diameter direction of the semicircular area, one side edge of the two vertical grooves located at the edge coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area, and the bottom edge of the vertical groove located between two adjacent strips coincides with the arcuate side of the semicircular area; The antenna module further includes a floor, a second dielectric substrate and a balun structure, wherein the floor is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate away from the antenna unit, the second dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the floor away from the first dielectric substrate, and the balun structure is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate away from the floor; The balun structure has a first port and two second ports, and the first port is connected to the two second ports; the antenna module also includes two first connecting posts, one end of the two first connecting posts is connected to the rectangular body, and the other end passes through the first dielectric substrate, the floor and the second dielectric substrate in sequence, and is connected to the two second ports respectively; The antenna unit further includes four groups of metal capacitor structures, and the four groups of metal capacitor structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four semicircular areas.

2. The miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the diagonal line of the rectangular body as a reference, any two adjacent semicircular areas are arranged symmetrically with the other two semicircular areas.

3. The miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase difference between the two signals output from the second ports is 90°.

4. The miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two feeding points are provided on the rectangular body, and the two feeding points are located in two adjacent semicircular areas and on the strip corresponding to the center of the semicircular area. The two feeding points are at the same distance from the center of the rectangular body, and the two feeding points are respectively connected to the two second ports.

5. The miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balun structure further includes two connection ends, both of which are connected to the first port and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two second ports; The antenna module further includes two connection circuits, the two connection circuits are respectively connected to the two connection ends, and the two connection circuits have two third ports, and the two third ports are connected to the floor; Each of the metal capacitor structures comprises a voltage-controlled varactor and a metal piece connected to the voltage-controlled varactor, the voltage-controlled varactor is connected to the end of the strip, and the metal pieces in the four groups of metal capacitor structures are all connected to the floor.

6. The miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting circuit is an LC resonant circuit.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: A miniaturized satellite navigation antenna module comprising any one of claims 1-6.

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